================================================================================ NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE uK E- E- "Uncommon And Rare Explosives" Nu Nu KE KE By -N -N uK uK Viper E- E- Nu E-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-NuKE-Nu NuKE InfoJournal #7 August 1993 % Uncommon And Rare Explosives % Table Of Contents ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Entry Number Chemical Name/Topic ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ à Introduction á Technical Notes 1 Acetyl Nitrate 2 Ammonium Picrate 3 Benzoyl Peroxide 4 Chlorine Dioxide 5 Chlorine Heptoxide 6 Chlorine Monoxide 7 Cyanogen Azide 8 Diazoacetic Ester 9 Diazomethane 10 2,4-Dinitroresorcinol 11 Erythrityl Tertranitrate 12 Ethyl Ether 13 Fluorine Nitrate 14 Fluorine Perchlorate 15 Gold, Explosive 16 Hydroxylamine 17 Isopropyl Ether 18 Lead Azide 19 Mannitol Hexanitrate 20 Mercuric Oxycyanide 21 Methyl Nitrate 22 Nitramine, Tetralite, Tetryl. 23 Nitrogen Chloride 24 Nitrogen Selenide 25 Nitroguanidine 26 Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, PETN 27 Pentrinitrol 28 Pentryl 29 Peracetic Acid 30 Performic Acid 31 Potassium Picrate 32 Propargyl Nitrate 33 n-Propyl Nitrate 34 Silver Perchlorate 35 Tetranitromethane 36 Tetrasilane 37 Tetrasulfur Tetranitride 38 sym-Trinitrobenzene 39 Trinitromethane 40 Uranyl Nitrate ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: à % Introduction % This file contains the entries of uncommon or rare explosives. By this, it is meant that the following compounds have explosive properties, but are not used as commercial/military explosives and/or they are generally unknown to the public. They may not be used as commercial/military explosives for a number of reason, some of which may be: lack of stability, cost of materials, difficulty of synthesis, cost of synthesis, toxicity, etc. The general format of the compound entries will be as follows: Entry: Entry Number Name: Common Name IUPAC Name: IUPAC Designated Name Condensed Formula: Molecular Formula / Structural Condensed Formula Physical Properties: Some physical properties of the explosive Explosive Properties: The explosive properties of the compound Manufacture: The manufacturing procedure, and lab preparation procedure (if given) Use: The use Toxicity (if known): Toxicity, and side effects if known NOTE: Most of the following compounds are highly dangerous. Due to this fact, this article has been written for the knowledge of the explosives rather than the experience of making them. Thus, the manufacture of each explosive compound will not be given in a step by step "how to" fashion, but rather just the bare minimum reactant chemicals (if given). The author holds no responsibility for the way any individual, or group uses the following information. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: á % Technical Notes % Being interested in explosives as I am, and not seeing any new files on explosives (or new explosives themselves), I decided to write this file, based on a huge chemistry reference manual containing more than 10,000 chemical compounds. I hope many others will find it as useful as I have. The elimination process for chemicals occured as follows: (1) Any chemicals that are commonly known to the public were eliminated. Examples are 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,2,3-Propanetriol trinitrate (nitroglycerin), and cellulose hexanitrate (guncotton). (2) Any chemicals that were listed or described in any other file i have seen were eliminated. Examples are ammonium tri-iodide, acetone peroxide, and mercury fulminate. I gave the picric acid salts, and a few other explosives, an exception to this rule because I think they are important explosives. (3) The chemical has to be explosive by itself, not a redox or other type of reaction (e.g. dust/particle explosion, or gas/combustible explosion). This eliminated chemicals such as potassium permanganate. I gave the chemicals ethyl ether, and isopropyl ether an exception to this rule as they form an unknown explosive peroxide readily that conforms to all other rules. Any compounds that passed the three processes are included in this file. I regret any N/A's (not available) and will try to find the missing information in the future. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 1 Name: Acetyl Nitrate IUPAC Name: Acetic acid anhydride with nitric acid Condensed Formula: C2H3NO4 / CH3COONO2 Physical Properties: Fuming, colorless, hygroscopic liquid. bp 22 c. Explosive Properties: Should be stored in a solution of P2O5 to stabilize it. Always explodes when heated above 60 c or comes into contact with HgO. Explosions have also occured with ground glass surfaces. Manufacture: Preparation from acetic anhydride and N2O5. Use: In nitrations to introduce a single nitro group in an ortho position on an aromatic ring. Toxicity (if known): Irritant, corrosive. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 2 Name: Ammonium Picrate IUPAC Name: 2,4,6,-Trinitrophenol ammonium salt Condensed Formula: C6H6N4O7 Physical Properties: Bright yellow bitter scales or orthorhombic crystals. d 1.72. Slightly soluble in alcohol. Explosive Properties: Explodes easily from heat or shock. Manufacture: By subsitution of the ammonia group (NH4) on the hydrogen of the 1-hydroxyl group. Use: In explosives, fireworks, rocket propellants. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 3 Name: Benzoyl Peroxide IUPAC Name: Dibenzoyl Peroxide Condensed Formula: C14H10O4 / (C6H5CO)2O2 Physical Properties: Crystals. mp 103 -106 c. Sparingly soluble in water. Explosive Properties: May explode when heated. Manufacture: Prepared by the interaction of benzoyl chloride and a cooled solution of sodium peroxide. Use: Oxidizing agent in bleaching oils, flours, etc. Catalyst in the plastics industry; initiator in polymerization. Toxicity (if known): Non toxic in small amounts. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 4 Name: Chlorine Dioxide IUPAC Name: Chlorine Peroxide Condensed Formula: ClO2 Physical Properties: Strong oxidizing yellow to reddish yellow gas at room temp. Unplesant odor similar to that of chlorine and reminiscent of that of nitric acid. Unstable in light; stable in dark if pure. Reacts violently with organic materials. mp -59 c, bp 11 c. Explosive Properties: In concentrations in excess of 10% at atmospheric pressure it is easily detonated by sunlight, heat, contact with mercury or carbon monoxide. Manufacture: Prepared from chlorine and sodium chlorite; from potassium chlorate and sulfuric acid; by passing NO2 through a column of sodium chlorate. Use: Bleaching cellulose, paper-pulp, flour, leather, fats and oils, textiles, beeswax; purification of water; tast and odor control of water; cleaning and detanning leather; oxidizing agent; bactericide and antiseptic. Toxicity (if known): May be highly irritating to skin and mucous membranes of respiratory tract. May cause pumonary edema. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 5 Name: Chlorine Heptoxide IUPAC Name: Dichlorine heptoxide Condensed Formula: Cl2O7 Physical Properties: Colorless, very volitile oily liquid. mp -91.5 c, bp -82 c. Slowly hydrolyzed by water forming perchloric acid. Explosive Properties: Explodes violently upon concussion or on contact with a flame or iodine. Manufacture: Prepared by dehydration of perchloric acid with P2O5. Use: Catalyst in cellulose esterification. Toxicity (if known): May be irritating to skin, mucous membranes. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 6 Name: Chlorine Monoxide IUPAC Name: Dichlorine monoxide Condensed Formula: Cl2O Physical Properties: Yellowish-brown gas. Disagreeable, penetrating odor. mp -120.6 c, bp 2.2 c. One volume of water will dissolve more than 100 volumes Cl2O with formation of HClO. Explosive Properties: Explodes on contact with organic material. Can also be cause to explode by a spark or by heating. Manufacture: Prepared from yellow mercuric oxide and chlorine. Use: Chlorinating agent. Toxicity (if known): Intensely irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 7 Name: Cyanogen Azide IUPAC Name: Carbon pernitride Condensed Formula: CN4 / (N-)=(N+)=N-CðN Physical Properties: Clear colorless oily liquid. Half-life of a 27% solution in acetonitrile (stabalizer) is 15 days at room temp, more stable at lower temps. Can be handled relativly safely in solvents. Explosive Properties: The pure azide detonates violently upon thermal, electrical or mechanical shock. Manufacture: Prepared by suspending NaN3 in dry acetonitrile and distilling cyanogen chloride into the cooled suspension. Use: In organic synthesis. Toxicity (if known): Assumed to be toxic. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 8 Name: Diazoacetic Ester IUPAC Name: Ethyl diazoacetate Condensed Formula: C4H6N2O2 / (N-)=(N+)=CHCOOC2H5 Physical Properties: Yellow oil. Pungent odor. Very volitile. mp -22 c. Slightly soluble in water. Explosive Properties: This substance is very explosive. Distillation, even under reduced pressure, is dangerous. Explodes on contact with concentrated H2SO4 Manufacture: Prepared by the action of sodium nitrite on glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 9 Name: Diazomethane IUPAC Name: Azimethylene Condensed Formula: CH2N2 / CH2=(N+)=(N-) Physical Properties: Yellow gas. mp -145 c, bp -23 c. Copper powder and solid calcium chloride causes active decomposition with the evolution of nitrogen and the formation of insoluble white flakes of polymethylene (CH2)ü. Explosive Properties: The undiluted liquid and concentrated solutions may explode violently, especially if impurities are present. Gaseous diazomethane may explode on heating to 100 c or on rough glass surfaces. Alkali metals also produce explosions with diazomethane. Manufacture: Prepared from chloroform and hydrazine by reaction with potassium hydroxide; from KOH and nitrosomethyl- urea. These methods yield gaseous diazomethane. The following procedures yield ether solutions of diazomethane. From N-nitroso-á-methylaminoisobutyl methyl ketone in ether and isopropanol by reaction with sodium isopropoxide or from the same ketone in ether by reaction with sodium cyclohexoxide. In the laboratory diazomethane may be prepared most simply by the action of alkali on the commercially available N-methyl-N-nitroso-N'-nitroguanidine. Use: Powerful methylating agent for acidic compounds such as carboxylic acids, phenols, enols. Toxicity (if known): Very toxic. Insidious poison (a well ventilated hood is absolutely necessary), avoid vapor. Strong irritant. Does not cause discernible reaction at the time of contact, but later even in minute amounts, produces an inflammatory reaction. Hypersensitivity results which makes it impossible to work with diazomethane without attacks of asthma and associated symptoms. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 10 Name: 2,4-Dinitroresorcinol IUPAC Name: 2,4-Dinitro-1,3-benzenediol Condensed Formula: C6H4N2O6 Physical Properties: Yellow crystals, mp 146-148 c. Very slightly soluble in cold water or alcohol. Explosive Properties: Explodes when stongly heated. Manufacture: --Can be bought commercially (through chem company). Use: For dyeing fabrics mordanted with iron a green color. As a reagent for Co (brown-red ppt) and for Fe (olive green color). Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 11 Name: Erythrityl Tertranitrate IUPAC Name: (R*,S*)-1,2,3,4-Butane-tetroltetranitrate Condensed Formula: C4H6N4O12 Physical Properties: Leaflets from alcohol, mp 61 c. Soluble in alcohol, ether, glycerol. Insoluble in water. Explosive Properties: Explodes on percussion. Manufacture: Made by the nitration of erythritol Use: Coronary vasodilator. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 12 Name: Ethyl Ether IUPAC Name: 1,1'-Oxybisethane Condensed Formula: C4H10O / C2H5OC2H5 Physical Properties: Mobile, very heave flammable liquid. Vapor heavier than air. Characteristic, sweetish, pungent odor, more agreeable than chloroform. Burning taste. mp -116.3 (stable crystals)/-123.3 (metastable crystals). Air-ether mixture containing more than 1.85 volume-% of ether vapor are explosive hazards. Explosive Properties: Ethyl Ether is not explosive in itself, but when dried tends to forms highly explosive percussion, heat, and friction sensitive peroxides. Manufacture: Produced on a large scale by dehydration of ethanol or by hydration of ethylene, both processes being carried out in the presence of sulfuric acid. Use: In the manufacture of gunpower. As a primer in gasoline engines. Solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, etc. Easily removable extractant of tissues. Toxicity (if known): Mildy irritating to skin, mucous membranes. Inhalation of high concentrations causes narcosis, unconsciousness. Death may occur due to respiratory paralysis. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 13 Name: Fluorine Nitrate IUPAC Name: Nitroxy fluoride Condensed Formula: FNO3 / FONO2 Physical Properties: Colorless gas. Moldy acrid odor. mp -175 c, bp -45.9 c. Soluble in acetone. Powerful oxidizing agent. Explosive Properties: The liquid explodes on slight percussion. Manufacture: Prepared by the action of fluorine on nitric acid. Use: Oxidizing agent in rocket propellants. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 14 Name: Fluorine Perchlorate IUPAC Name: Chlorine tetroxyfluoride Condensed Formula: ClFO4 / FOCLO3 Physical Properties: Colorless gas. Pungent, acrid odor. mp -167.3 c, bp -15.9 c. Explosive Properties: Explodes on the slightest provocation, i.e., on contact with rought surfaces, dust, grease, rubber, on melting, distilling, etc. Manufacture: Prepared by passing fluorine over cold 72% aqueous perchloric acid in platinum apparatus. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): Attacks the lungs even in traces. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 15 Name: Gold, Explosive IUPAC Name: "Fulminating Gold" Condensed Formula: N/A Physical Properties: Dark brown powder. Explosive Properties: Explodes on heating or rubbing to give gold, nitrogen and ammonia. The exact composition of the compound is unknown since it is too explosive to be dried. Therefore the only elements that can be determined are gold, nitrogen, and chlorine. Manufacture: Obtained by the action of ammonia on auric chloride or ammonium chloride on auric oxide. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 16 Name: Hydroxylamine IUPAC Name: Hydroxylamine Condensed Formula: H3NO / NH2OH Physical Properties: Unstable large white flakes or needles, mp 33 c, bp 58 c. Very soluble in water, liquid ammonia and methanol. Explosive Properties: Detonates in test tube heated with flame. Manufacture: N/A Use: As reducing agent in photography; in synthesis and analytical chemistry; to purify aldehydes and ketones. As antioxidant for fatty acis and soaps. As dehairing agent for hides. Toxicity (if known): Skin irritant. May cause methemoglobinemia, sulfhemoglobinemia, cyanosis, convulsions, hypotension and coma. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 17 Name: Isopropyl Ether IUPAC Name: 2,2'-Oxybis[propane] Condensed Formula: C6H14O Physical Properties: Liquid. mp -60 c, bp 68-69 c. Explosive Properties: Isopropyl Ether is not explosive in itself, but when unstabalized with p-benzylaminophenol it tends to forms highly explosive percussion, heat, and friction sensitive peroxides. Manufacture: N/A. Safer to buy through a chemical company. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): Mildy irritating to skin, mucous membranes. Inhalation of high concentrations causes narcosis, unconsciousness. Death may occur due to respiratory paralysis. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 18 Name: Lead Azide IUPAC Name: Lead Azide Condensed Formula: N6Pb / Pb(N3)2 Physical Properties: Needles or white powder. Heat of formation at 25 c: +110.5 kcal/mol. Explosive Properties: Explodes at 350 c or on percussion. Manufacture: Prepared from sodium azide and lead nitrate. Use: As a primer in explosives. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 19 Name: Mannitol Hexanitrate IUPAC Name: Mannitol nitrate Condensed Formula: C6H8N6O18 Physical Properties: Long needles in regular clusters. mp 106-108 c. Soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water. Explosive Properties: Explodes on percussion. It is stable at ordinary tempatures so that it may be used commercially, but it is distinctly less stable than nitroglycerol at 75 c or above. Manufacture: Nitration of mannitol. Use: Vasodilator. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 20 Name: Mercuric Oxycyanide IUPAC Name: Mercury cyanide oxide Condensed Formula: C2Hg2N2O / HgO.Hg(CN)2 Physical Properties: White, orthorhombic crystals or crystal powder. Explosive Properties: It explodes when touched with a flame or by percussion. Manufacture: N/A. Cheaper and easier to buy as a mixture of 33% mercuric oxycyanide and 67% mercuric cyanide from a chemical company. Use: Topical antiseptic. Toxicity (if known): Violent poison. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 21 Name: Methyl Nitrate IUPAC Name: Nitric acid methyl ester Condensed Formula: CH3NO3 / CH3ONO2 Physical Properties: Liquid. Solid at -83 c, bp 64.6 c. Slightly soluble in water. Soluble in alcohol, ether. Explosive Properties: When methyl nitrate reaches it boiling point, it will explode. Manufacture: Prepared from methanol and nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid. Use: Has been used as a rocket propellant. Does not need external oxygen for combustion. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 22 Name: Nitramine, Tetralite, Tetryl. IUPAC Name: N-Methyl-N,2,4,6-tetranitrobenzenamine Condensed Formula: C7H5N5O8 / (NO2)3C6H2N(CH3)NO2 Physical Properties: Yellow crystals. Density of 1.57. mp 130-132 c. Insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol. Explosive Properties: Explodes at about 180-190 or on detonation. Manufacture: N/A Use: As a pH indicator. Also in explosives. Toxicity (if known): Irritating to skin and mucous membranes. Causes yellow staining to skin and hair. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 23 Name: Nitrogen Chloride IUPAC Name: Nitrogen trichloride Condensed Formula: Cl3N / NCl3 Physical Properties: Yellow, thick, oily liquid. Pungent odor, evaporates rapidly in air. Very unstable. Insoluble in water. Explosive Properties: Explodes when heated to 93 c, subjected to a flash of direct sunlight or magnesium liquid, sealed in a glass container at 60 c after 13 seconds, frozen in liquid air and thawed in vacuo, in contact with ozone, nitric oxide, grease, and several organic substances. Manufacture: Prepared by the action of chlorine gas on ammonium salts, or by eletrolyzing an acidified solution of ammonium chloride. Use: Bleaching of flour (prohibited in the U.S.A.), wastage control of citrus fruit. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 24 Name: Nitrogen Selenide IUPAC Name: Selenium nitride Condensed Formula: N4Se4 Physical Properties: Orange-red , amorphous powder or monoclinic crystals. density 4.2. Very hygroscopic. Insoluble in water. Explosive Properties: Explosive. Assumingly when quickly heated or struck. Manufacture: Prepared by passing dry ammonia over selenium tetrachloride; by treating a dilute solution of selenium oxychloride in benzene with dry ammonia and washing the precipitate with water and potassium cyanide; by the action of dry ammonia on a dilute solution of selenium monochloride in carbon disulfide; by the action of dry ammonia on diethyl selenite or dimethyl selenite dissolved in benzene and washing with potassium cyanide; by reacting anhydrous, liquid ammonia with selenium dioxide. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 25 Name: Nitroguanidine IUPAC Name: Nitroguanidine Condensed Formula: CH4N4O2 / H2NC(NH)NHNO2 Physical Properties: Needles, prisms from water. One litre of water dissolves 4.4 grams at 25 c. Slightly soluble in methanol. Explosive Properties: Explosive of moderate power. Can only be exploded with a detonator. Manufacture: Prepared by the action of concentrated H2SO4 on guanidine nitrate. Use: Intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 26 Name: Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, PETN IUPAC Name: 2,2-Bis[(nitrooxy)-methyl]-1,3-propanediol dinitrate (ester) Condensed Formula: C5H8N4O12 Physical Properties: Soluble in acetone. Insoluble in water. Explosive Properties: Explodes on percussion. More sensitive to shock than TNT. Manufacture: Prepared by the nitration of pentaerythritol. Use: Mainly in the manufacture of detonating fuse (Primacord). Also as a vasodilater. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 27 Name: Pentrinitrol IUPAC Name: 2,2-Bis[(nitrooxy)methyl]-1,3-propanediol mononitrate (ester) Condensed Formula: C5H9N3O10 Physical Properties: Viscous liquid. mp 32 c. Very soluble in ethanol. Explosive Properties: Explodes on percussion. More sensitive to shock than TNT. Manufacture: N/A Use: Vasodilator. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 28 Name: Pentryl IUPAC Name: 2-[Nitro(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)amino]-ethanol nitrate (ester) Condensed Formula: C8H6N6O11 Physical Properties: Small, cream colored crystals. mp 129 c. Explosive Properties: Explodes when heated to 235 c, or upon detonation. Manufacture: Prepared by the nitration of 2,4-dinitrophenylamino- ethanol Use: High explosive. Base charge in detonaters. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 29 Name: Peracetic Acid IUPAC Name: Ethaneperoxoic acid Condensed Formula: C2H4O3 / CH3COOOH Physical Properties: Liquid. Acrid odor. Freely soluble in water. Stable in a dilute aqueous solution. Explosive Properties: Explodes violently upon heating to 110 c. Manufacture: Prepared from acetaldehyde and oxygen in the presence of cobalt acetate; by the autooxidation of acetaldehyde. A 50% solution may be obtained from acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, and sulfuric acid. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): Strongly irritating to skin and eyes. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 30 Name: Performic Acid IUPAC Name: Methaneperoxoic acid Condensed Formula: CH2O3 / HCOOOH Physical Properties: The 90% solution is a colorless liquid. Soluble in chloroform, benzene. Solutions are unstable, gassing begin noticeable after a few hours. Explosive Properties: Prone to explode on contact with metals, their oxides, reducing substances, or on distillation. Manufacture: A 90% solution is obtained when a mixture of 20 g formic acid, 25g 100% H2O2, and 6.5 g H2SO4 is allowed to interact for 2 hours, and is then distilled. Use: For oxidation, epoxidation and hydroxylation reations. Toxicity (if known): Irritant. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 31 Name: Potassium Picrate IUPAC Name: 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol potassium salt Condensed Formula: C6H2KN3O7 Physical Properties: Yellow, reddish, or greenish lustrous needles. Soluble in 200 parts cold water, 4 parts boiling water. Explosive Properties: Explodes when struck or heated. Manufacture: Prepared by reacting picric acid with potassium. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 32 Name: Propargyl Nitrate IUPAC Name: 2-Ethyl-2-[(nitrooxy)methyl]-1,3-propanediol dinitrate (ester) Condensed Formula: C6H11N3O9 Physical Properties: White powder. mp 51-52 c. Readily soluble in acetone. Insoluble in water. Explosive Properties: Lowest explosive temp: 220 c. Explosive but only slightly sensitive to shock. Manufacture: N/A Use: Coronary vasodilator Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 33 Name: n-Propyl Nitrate IUPAC Name: Nitric acid propyl ester Condensed Formula: C3H7NO3 / CH3CH2CH2ONO2 Physical Properties: Pale yellow liquid. Sweet sickly odor. bp 110 c. Azetrope with water containing 75% C3H7NO3. Explosive Properties: Heating may cause it to explode. Manufacture: Prepared by the nitration of propanol with nitric acid, usually in the presence of urea and ammonium nitrate or sulfuric acid. Use: Fuel ignition promoter, in rocket fuel formulations. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 34 Name: Silver Perchlorate IUPAC Name: Silver Perchlorate Condensed Formula: AgClO4 Physical Properties: Deliquescent crystals. Freely soluble in water. Explosive Properties: These compounds explode readily when struck. Manufacture: Prepared from NOClO4 + AgBr. Use: In the explosives industry. Toxicity (if known): Irritating to skin, mucous membranes. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 35 Name: Tetranitromethane IUPAC Name: Tetranitromethane Condensed Formula: CN4O8 / C(NO2)4 Physical Properties: Pale yellow liquid. mp +13.8 c. Freely soluble in alcohol. Insoluble in water. Explosive Properties: Explosive in admixture with toluene. Highly explosive in the presence of impurities. Manufacture: Prepared by the nitration of acetic anhydride with anhydrous nitric acid. Use: Oxidizer in rocket propellants. To increase centane number of diesel fuels. Reagent for detecting the presence of double bonds in organic compounds. Has bee proposed as irritant war gas. Toxicity (if known): Skin and lung irritant. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 36 Name: Tetrasilane IUPAC Name: Tetrasilicon Condensed Formula: H10Si4 / Si4H10 Physical Properties: Liquid. mp approx -90 c, bp 109 c. Decomposes at room tempature. Explosive Properties: Explodes on exposure to air. Manufacture: Prepared by the action of hydrochloric acid on magnesium silicide. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 37 Name: Tetrasulfur Tetranitride IUPAC Name: Tetrasulfur Tetranitride Condensed Formula: N4S4 Physical Properties: Orange-red, monoclinic needles. mp 178 c. Insoluble in cold water. Slightly soluble in benzene. Explosive Properties: Heating above 185 c may result in deflagration and explosion. May decompose explosivly on striking or at tempatures much above 100 c. Manufacture: Prepared by the interaction of disulfur dichloride and ammonia. Use: N/A Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 38 Name: sym-Trinitrobenzene IUPAC Name: 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene Condensed Formula: C6H3N3O6 Physical Properties: mp 122.5 c. Trinitrobenzene is dimorphous, the other rare form melts at 61 c. Explosive Properties: Explodes when rapidly heated. Less sensitive to impact than TNT, but more powerful and brisant. Manufacture: Prepared by decarboxylation of trinitrobenzoic acid, obtained by oxidation of TNT. Use: Explosives. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 39 Name: Trinitromethane IUPAC Name: Trinitromethane Condensed Formula: CHN3O6 Physical Properties: Crystals, mp 15 c. Decomposes above 25 c. Soluble in water, giving an intense yellow solution, although the dry crystals are pure white. Explosive Properties: Explodes when heated rapidly. Manufacture: Prepared by nitration of acetylene with nitric acid. Prepared from tetranitromethane and K4[Fe(CN6)] in an aqueous solution. Use: In the manufacture of explosives and rocket propellants. Toxicity (if known): Slightly irritating to eyes, mucous membranes. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Entry: 40 Name: Uranyl Nitrate IUPAC Name: Uranyl Nitrate Condensed Formula: N2O8U / UO2(NO3)2 Physical Properties: Hexahydrate, yellow crystals; greenish luster by relected light. When shaken, rubbed, or crushed, the crystals show remarkable tribolum inescence with occasional detonations. Explosive Properties: Solutions should not be allowed to stand in sunlight as explosions may occur. Shaking, rubbing, or crushing may result in detonation. Manufacture: N/A Use: Ad intensifier in photography; manufacture uranium glaze; decorating porcelain; also as reagent in anal. chemistry. Toxicity (if known): N/A ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Viper/NuKE ===============================================================================