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       SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
       ----------------------
       Review safety rules before each outing; review with other
	   fishing partners also.

       Physical Requirements -
	   Make sure you can physically do what you plan - consider
	     the worst environments e.g. snow, ice, rain, etc.
	   Get a physical examination if in doubt.
	   Get preliminary exercise - walking, hiking, jogging to
	     get in necessary shape.
	   Elderly anglers may want to fish with a younger partner.
	   
       General -
	   Safety has priority over everything else.
	   Check the weather before each outing and review it
	    periodically.
	   Tell someone responsible where you will fish.
	   Know the area where you fish. 
	   Make sure you have enough gas.
	   Make sure boat has proper lighting.
	   Take a flashlight.
		      
       Clothing - 
	   Have a sun hat; avoid over exposure to heat and sun.
	   Take clothes for worst possible weather - it can change.
	 
	 Watch out for hypothermia (exposure to cold) - 
	     Make sure to dress warm; fisherman are prime candidates
	     for hypothermia; take a woolen hat and mittens
	     and dress in layers of clothes -
	     signs of hypothermia include uncontrollable fits of 
	     shivering, dizziness, disorientation, memory loss, stumbling,
	     drowsiness (to sleep may be to die), fatigue, and slurred speech - 
	     
	     Believe the symptoms not the victim who may deny problem.
	     get a person out of wet clothes and warmed up SOON by a 
	     fire and/or with blankets.  Put victim in sleeping bag
	     with another person or between to people if bag is big
	     enough. Drink warm liquids but not anything with alcohol.  
	     Get to a doctor.
	     
	   Hypothermia cases can develop in temperatures as
	     high as 30 to 50 degrees and many do. 

	   Carry some foods and hot liquids with you; chocolate or
	     hot soup.
	   Take matches in case you need to start a fire.             
       


	   
       Fishing - 

	   Watch your casting so as to keep hooks away from
	     fishing partners.
	   Be alert of fishing partners' casting as well.
	   Some fish have sharp gill plates (e.g. walleye) or
	    tines (e.g. bullhead, catfish) so use care handling
	    fish.
	   Some fish may require a needle nose pliers to remove
	    the hook safely from toothy mouths (e.g. northern,
	    musky). 
	   
       
       Lightning -
	   Take cover before a lightening storm occurs.  Open area, high
	    conductors attract lightening so avoid being out in open water
	    in a boat or an open field or under a single tree in an
	    open field.  Things such as boats and fishing poles may also
	    attract lightning especially when projected above other
	    objects into the air.  Graphite and boron rods conduct 
	    electricity and fiberglass rods (or boats) may also conduct 
	    under certain circumstances.
	   
	   Spread people out if caught in lightening and take cover in
	    a low area or under trees in a low area.  If you feel body
	    hair on arms or neck stand up, lightning may strike nearby;
	    Put any objects in hand down and crouch low until bolt strikes.
	    Stay away from anything metal and stay dry; getting wet
	    may cause more risk of electrocution. 

	   Places to avoid when lightning occurs are open fields, single
	    trees in an open field, and on or in the water.    


       Boating -
	   Know safe boating practices and regulations for your
	   area, state, and type of boat.          
	   Make sure you have enough life preservers, flares, horn,
	     bailing devices, anchors and adequate rope length, gas,
	     oil for mixing in gas, compass, maps, battery operated
	     radio for listening to weather reports.
	   Do not overload boat; this is a common cause of capsizing.
	   Keep boat stable when you stand; especially if you stand to 
	   urinate in water; take a urination bucket or tube instead
	   for this purpose. 
	   
	   Find out ahead of time where big currents or whitewater are
	     and use appropriate care.  
	   Wear appropriate shoes which have good traction on the boat.  
	   Driver should refrain from alcohol; appoint a designated
	     driver if appropriate.              
	   You may desire a 3' chain attached to anchor in order to prevent
	     anchor line from breaking.

	Wading - 
	   Some rivers or streams have strong currents especially in
	     the spring runoff.  Use caution in how deep you wade and
	     use waders with a high traction sole.  Restrict wading 
	     to ankle or knees only. 
	   Moving slowly is safer (and also quieter).         
	   
       Heaters - 
	  
	   Make sure to have adequate ventilation with heaters
	   which use up oxygen in confined spaces e.g. tents,
	   cabins, etc.  Carbon monoxide can cause death quickly.
	   
	   Recommended ventilation includes fresh air inlet from
	   ground or other low level; a roof or high air outlet
	   which allows carbon monoxide to escape (carbon monoxide
	   will float to top).  Symptoms of carbon monoxide include
	   first a severe quick headache, red face, then stomach
	   sickness and vomiting.  Get fresh air if you notice a
	   headache and provide proper ventilation. 
       
	   Never sleep with certain heaters on which use up oxygen.
	   
	   Read directions carefully on all portable heaters and
	   with use of propane or other fuel.


       Survival -
			
	Here are some proven common sense rules to help you
	stay out of trouble while hunting, hiking, fishing, or 
	backpacking. It is very important for you to know how
	to care for yourself in the field and back country.

	IT COULD BE A MATTER OF LIFE OR DEATH

	::PLAN AND PREPARE TO PREVENT TROUBLE

	** Tell someone where you are going and when you expect
	to return.  Leave a description of yourself, your 
	vehicle, and your vehicle license number with a 
	responsible person.  Advise them when to notify the 
	proper authorities or a responsible agency if you should
	not return on time.

	** NEVER hunt, hike or backpack by yourself.

	** Cancel your trip or change areas if the weather turns
	 bad. 

	** If you are out just for the day plan to return to 
	camp or vehicle BEFORE DARK.

	** Wear clothing proper for the WORST conditions possible
	in the area you plan to be in. (Hat, gloves, good boots, 
	warm jacket, and if you plan to camp out be sure that you 
	have a GOOD sleeping bag.)

	** Study the area carefully. Take maps and a compass and 
	KNOW how to use them. 

	** Assemble and carry with you a practical survival kit
	that includes a space blanket, waterproof matches, PLASTIC
	whistle, first aid kit, signal mirror, knife, high energy
	food supplements, and water as minimum. (Drink plenty of
	water when hiking in cold or snowy weather.) Include a 
	booklet on survival and first aid. 

	** Be prepared for the worst, expect the best. Keep a 
	POSITIVE MENTAL ATTITUDE(PMA.) DO NOT VENTURE OUT IF YOU
	ARE A NEGATIVE THINKER.  Be mentally prepared for the 
	possibility of someday having too face a survival situation.
 
	IN THE EVENT YOU DO BECOME LOST

	*** STOP!  If lost, admit it, stop traveling, stay put and
	wait for rescue. 

	*** THINK! POSITIVE! Keep your PMA. The only thing to fear
	is fear itself.  Judge the situation and the problems 
	which might occur.  Keep a rational mind, avoid confusion 
	or panic.  Remember, worry wastes energy. 

	*** OBSERVE! Look around for possible solutions to the 
	problems.
 
	*** PLAN! Set up a course of action which will best use 
	your energy and resources. 

	*** Check yourself for injuries and attend to them 
	promptly. 

	*** Find shelter and build a fire. Conserve precious 
	body heat and energy, keep dry, get comfortable rest 
	and some sleep if possible. Avoid HYPOTHERMIA and 
	frostbite.

	*** Don't worry about food. You can live for 30 days 
	or more without food and 3 days without water. 
	Minimum of activity conserves water and body heat.

	*** Know how to use your survival kit and have it
	with you. It won't do you any good sitting back in 
	camp or in the vehicle. 

	*** Prepare for rescue. Blow your whistle often, you
	may not know if someone if near. Use your signal 
	mirror on a clear day and build a smoke fire with 
	green boughs.

	CONTENTS OF A LIGHTWEIGHT, COMPACT SURVIVAL KIT ARE
	AS FOLLOWS. 

	l red clip on kit or a fanny pack
	2 space survival blankets
	1 25' nylon cord
	1 waterproof match safe with matches and
	1 BIC butane lighter
	1 Metal match
	1 pad 0000 steel wool or cotton in a zip lock
	  bag for starting a fire.
	1 GOOD quality signal mirror
	1 PLASTIC coach-type whistle (ACME Thunderer)
	1 Duracell #805 flashlight w/extra batteries
	1 Varco Woodsman wire saw
	1 bottle Potable Aqua water purification tablets
	  (Don't drink yellow snow)
	1 Silva Compass
	1 bottle liquid insect repellent
	1 package glucose tablets, extra food and/or 
	  powdered Gatorade
	  WATER
	  What ever else you think you might need. 
	 1 SMALL FIRST AID KIT

      ******REMEMBER, it makes good sense to prevent 
	becoming lost by thoughtful preparation and 
	planning. If you become lost, keep your head,
	take care of yourself, and make it easier for
	someone to find you.  Survival is 10% equipment,
	10% knowing how to use the equipment, and 80%
	PMA. 
	
	HAVE A GOOD TIME IN THE BACKCOUNTRY

    Survival information Courtesy of White Mountain Search & Rescue
    Ruidoso, New Mexico, USA      09/88
	   
	   
	       
  

   
   
