       Document 0958
 DOCN  M9650958
 TI    HIV preventive vaccines. Progress to date.
 DT    9505
 AU    Esparza J; Osmanov S; Heyward WL; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health
       Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
 SO    Drugs. 1995 Nov;50(5):792-804. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96153133
 AB    The major conceptual problem for HIV vaccine development has been the
       lack of information on immune responses known to correlate with
       protection against HIV infection in humans. In this regard, studies on
       the natural history of HIV infection and AIDS, especially of people with
       apparent resistance to HIV infection and of patients with HIV infection
       who have long term survival without disease progression, may provide
       important information for vaccine development. In addition, a major
       concern for the development of broadly effective vaccines has been the
       extensive genetic variability which is characteristic of HIV. In spite
       of these unknowns, the first generation of HIV candidate vaccines has
       been developed and evaluated. HIV candidate vaccines based on the
       subunit recombinant envelope concept (gp120 or gp160) have been shown to
       protect chimpanzees from HIV infection on challenge, and have now been
       evaluated in humans in phase I and phase II trials. These products are
       well tolerated, and capable of inducing neutralising antibodies, but not
       cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A second vaccine concept, currently in phase I
       trials, is based on live recombinant vectors, especially using poxvirus
       vectors followed by boosting with subunit recombinant envelope vaccines.
       This concept is theoretically very attractive because preliminary data
       suggest that these vaccines induce both humoral and cell-mediated
       immunity. However, no published information is available on the ability
       of live recombinant vector vaccines to protect chimpanzees from HIV
       infection. The next step in HIV vaccine development is to proceed
       carefully to expanded phase II and phase III trials to assess the
       protective efficacy of these candidate vaccines in humans. These trials
       will be extremely complex from the logistical, scientific and ethical
       points of view, and will require close collaboration between clinical,
       basic science and behavioural researchers, national and international
       organisations, and the pharmaceutical industry.
 DE    Animal  *AIDS Vaccines  Clinical Trials  Human  HIV
       Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL/VIROLOGY
       HIV-1/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, ACADEMIC

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

