       Document 0276
 DOCN  M9640276
 TI    An immunosuppressive murine leukaemia virus induces a Th1-->Th2 switch
       and abrogates the IgM antibody response to sheep erythrocytes by
       suppressing the production of IL-2.
 DT    9604
 AU    Faxvaag A; Espevik T; Dalen A; Institute of Cancer Research, University
       of Trondheim, Medisinsk; Teknisk Centre, Norway.
 SO    Clin Exp Immunol. 1995 Dec;102(3):487-95. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96128137
 AB    Many retroviruses have tropism for cells in the immune system and have a
       propensity to induce immunosuppression in the host. Some of the effects
       of retroviruses on immune cell function are thought to be mediated
       through cytokines. Friend ImmunoSuppressive virus-2 (FIS-2) is a low
       oncogenic murine leukaemia virus (MuLV) that induces lymphadenopathy and
       immunosuppression in NMRI mice. The role of T cell cytokines during the
       generation of a primary antibody response in healthy and FIS-2-infected
       mice was studied following the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes
       by an in vitro immunization (IVI) technique. In cultures from
       FIS-2-infected mice, the antibody response was reduced compared with
       cultures from uninfected mice and the production of the Th2 cytokines
       IL-4 and IL-6 was elevated, whereas the Th1 cytokines IL-2,
       interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha
       (TNF-alpha) were reduced. The suppressed anti-sheep erythrocyte antibody
       response in cultures from mice infected with FIS-2 seemed to be caused
       by an insufficient production of IL-2, since addition of recombinant
       IL-2 stimulated the antibody response. This effect was also observed in
       cultures depleted of T cells, indicating a direct effect of IL-2 on B
       cells. A switch to a Th2 cell response and suppression of IL-2
       production might play a central role in the immune cell dysfunction
       induced by FIS-2.
 DE    Animal  Antibody Formation/DRUG EFFECTS  Erythrocytes/*IMMUNOLOGY
       Female  IgM/*BIOSYNTHESIS  *Immune Tolerance
       Interleukin-2/*BIOSYNTHESIS/PHARMACOLOGY  Leukemia Viruses,
       Murine/*IMMUNOLOGY  Mice  Sheep  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Th1
       Cells/*IMMUNOLOGY  Th2 Cells/*IMMUNOLOGY  Transforming Growth Factor
       beta/PHYSIOLOGY  Tumor Necrosis Factor/PHARMACOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

