       Document 0196
 DOCN  M9640196
 TI    Sensitization of cells and retroviruses to human serum by (alpha 1-3)
       galactosyltransferase.
 DT    9604
 AU    Takeuchi Y; Porter CD; Strahan KM; Preece AF; Gustafsson K; Cosset FL;
       Weiss RA; Collins MK; Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer
       Research,; London, UK.
 SO    Nature. 1996 Jan 4;379(6560):85-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96135140
 AB    Mammalian C-type retroviruses are inactivated by human serum, following
       triggering of the classical complement cascade. This may have inhibited
       transmission to humans of C-type oncoviruses from other mammals. Indeed,
       the retroviruses human immunodeficiency virus and human T-cell leukaemia
       virus are resistant to human complement. Antibody-independent activation
       of human C1q, the first component of the classical pathway, by
       retroviral envelope proteins has been described. However, retroviruses
       produced from human cells are resistant to inactivation by human
       complement and human serum is known to contain antibodies directed
       against carbohydrates on retroviral envelopes. Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal
       terminal carbohydrates are expressed by most mammals but are absent in
       humans, which lack a functional (alpha 1-3)galactosyltransferase gene.
       Here, we demonstrate that anti-Gal(alpha 1-3)Gal antibodies in human
       serum inactivate retroviruses produced from animal cells. Expression of
       porcine (alpha 1-3)galactosyltransferase in human cells renders the
       cells and the retroviruses they produce sensitive to human serum.
 DE    Animal  Antibodies/IMMUNOLOGY  Carbohydrate Sequence  Cell Line  Dogs
       Galactose/*METABOLISM  Galactosyltransferases/ANTAGONISTS &
       INHIB/BLOOD/*METABOLISM  Human  Leukemia Viruses, Murine/METABOLISM
       Mice  Molecular Sequence Data  Retroviridae/*METABOLISM  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  Swine  3T3 Cells  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

