       Document 0603
 DOCN  M9630603
 TI    Risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related neurologic disease
       in a cohort of intravenous drug users.
 DT    9603
 AU    Marder K; Liu X; Stern Y; Malouf R; Dooneief G; Bell K; Todak G; Joseph
       M; Sorrell S; el Sadr W; et al; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, New York,
       NY 10032, USA.
 SO    Arch Neurol. 1995 Dec;52(12):1174-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96094928
 AB    BACKGROUND: Although the proportion of cases of acquired
       immunodeficiency syndrome related to intravenous drug use has increased
       dramatically over the past decade, there has been no longitudinal
       examination of primary neurologic disease in this group. OBJECTIVE: To
       study the development of neurologic disease in human immunodeficiency
       virus (HIV)-negative and HIV-positive men and women who were intravenous
       drug users over a 3.5-year period. DESIGN: Prospective observational
       cohort study. SETTING: Subjects were recruited from an infectious
       disease clinic at a New York City Hospital or from a methadone
       maintenance program. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-nine HIV-negative (62 men and
       37 women) and 124 HIV-positive (85 men and 39 women) intravenous drug
       users volunteered. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The development of clinically
       significant manifestations in six neurologic domains. RESULTS: With
       multivariate adjustment for current and past substance abuse, age,
       education, and head injury, we examined the odds of developing
       HIV-related neurologic disease. Extrapyramidal signs and reduced motor
       ability became increasingly apparent over time in HIV-infected men as
       their CD4 cell count declined and as the subjects developed the acquired
       immunodeficiency syndrome. Fewer neurologic signs were seen in the
       women. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of HIV infection among intravenous drug
       users parallels that in homosexual men and is independent of alcohol and
       other drug use.
 DE    Adult  Age Factors  Analysis of Variance  Cohort Studies  Educational
       Status  Female  Head Injuries/COMPLICATIONS  Human  HIV
       Infections/*COMPLICATIONS/IMMUNOLOGY  *HIV-1  Logistic Models  Male
       Middle Age  Multivariate Analysis  Nervous System
       Diseases/DIAGNOSIS/*ETIOLOGY  Neurologic Examination  Neuropsychological
       Tests  Prognosis  Prospective Studies  Risk Factors  Sex Factors
       *Substance Abuse, Intravenous  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

