       Document 0533
 DOCN  M9630533
 TI    Convergent evolution within the V3 loop domain of human immunodeficiency
       virus type 1 in association with disease progression.
 DT    9603
 AU    Strunnikova N; Ray SC; Livingston RA; Rubalcaba E; Viscidi RP;
       Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of; Medicine,
       Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
 SO    J Virol. 1995 Dec;69(12):7548-58. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE +
 AB    Phylogenetic analysis was used to study in vivo genetic variation of the
       V3 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in relation to disease
       progression in six infants with vertically acquired human
       immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Nucleotide sequences from each
       infant formed a monophyletic group with similar average branch lengths
       separating the sets of sequences. In contrast to the star-shaped
       phylogeny characteristic of interinfant viral evolution, the shape of
       the phylogeny formed by sequences from the infants who developed AIDS
       tended to be linear. A computer program, DISTRATE, was written to
       analyze changes in DNA distance values over time. For the six infants,
       the rate of divergence from the initial variant was inversely correlated
       with CD4 cell counts averaged over the first 11 to 15 months of life (r
       = -0.87, P = 0.024). To uncover evolutionary relationships that might be
       dictated by protein structure and function, tree-building methods were
       applied to inferred amino acid sequences. Trees constructed from the
       full-length protein fragment (92 amino acids) showed that viruses from
       each infant formed a monophyletic group. Unexpectedly, V3 loop protein
       sequences (35 amino acids) that were found at later time points from the
       two infants who developed AIDS clustered together. Furthermore, these
       sequences uniquely shared amino acids that have been shown to confer a
       T-cell line tropic phenotype. The evolutionary pattern suggests that
       viruses from these infants with AIDS acquired similar and possibly more
       virulent phenotypes.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/IMMUNOLOGY/TRANSMISSION/  *VIROLOGY
       Aging  Amino Acid Sequence  Base Sequence  Comparative Study  Consensus
       Sequence  Disease Transmission, Vertical  *Evolution  Female  Follow-Up
       Studies  *Genes, env  Human  HIV
       Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/TRANSMISSION/*VIROLOGY  HIV-1/*GENETICS/ISOLATION
       & PURIF/PATHOGENICITY  Infant  Infant, Newborn  Molecular Sequence Data
       Phylogeny  Pregnancy  Software  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  Time
       Factors  Variation (Genetics)  Viral Envelope
       Proteins/BIOSYNTHESIS/CHEMISTRY/*GENETICS  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

