       Document 0524
 DOCN  M9630524
 TI    Heteroduplex mobility assay and phylogenetic analysis of V3 region
       sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from Gulu,
       northern Uganda. The Italian-Ugandan Cooperation AIDS Program.
 DT    9603
 AU    Buonaguro L; Del Guadio E; Monaco M; Greco D; Corti P; Beth-Giraldo E;
       Buonaguro FM; Giraldo G; Division of Viral Oncology, Istituto Nazionale
       Tumori Fondazione; G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.
 SO    J Virol. 1995 Dec;69(12):7971-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96079047
 AB    We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 19 asymptomatic
       seropositive pregnant women from the district of Gulu in northern
       Uganda. A 700-bp fragment of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1
       (HIV-1) env gene, including the V3-V5 region, was successfully amplified
       by PCR from 10 samples (52.6%) and was subsequently subjected to both a
       heteroduplex mobility assay for genetic screening and subtyping and DNA
       sequence analysis (approximately 300 bp) for nucleotide comparison and
       phylogenetic studies. The results show the presence of HIV-1 A and D
       subtypes (or clades) in this rural area, with the prevalence of the A
       subtype (8 of 10) being greater than that of the D (2 of 10) subtype,
       which is unlike what was previously reported for Uganda. By pairwise
       comparison analysis, the percentage of sequence divergence among samples
       within each subtype is low (the average intrasubtype divergence is
       15.8%), but it is significantly higher between the two subtypes (the
       average intersubtype divergence is 23%). At the amino acid level, the
       two HIV-1 subtypes show distinct tetramers at the apex of the V3 loop
       and, in particular, GPGQ in clade A and GPGR in clade D. In addition, 10
       of the 19 viral samples (52.6%) have been isolated in vitro. Nine of the
       samples have been classified as rapid/high, which reflects a high in
       vitro replication capacity for the HIV-1 field isolates from this
       country, even for those obtained from seropositive asymptomatic
       individuals. These observations, despite being made on the basis of a
       limited sample size, show a modest degree of genetic divergence among
       samples isolated in the last 4 years in this country by comparison with
       those based on the 1990 data on HIV-1 isolates from Kampala. The results
       reported here are, therefore, extremely relevant for Uganda, which is
       one of the selected World Health Organization field sites for future
       HIV-1 vaccine evaluation programs.
 DE    Amino Acid Sequence  Base Sequence  Comparative Study  Consensus
       Sequence  DNA, Viral/CHEMISTRY/*GENETICS  Female  *Genes, env  Human
       HIV Seropositivity/*VIROLOGY  HIV-1/CLASSIFICATION/*GENETICS/*ISOLATION
       & PURIF  Molecular Sequence Data  Nucleic Acid
       Heteroduplexes/CHEMISTRY/*GENETICS  *Phylogeny  Polymerase Chain
       Reaction  Pregnancy  Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*VIROLOGY
       Regression Analysis  Sequence Homology, Amino Acid  Support, Non-U.S.
       Gov't  Viral Envelope Proteins/CHEMISTRY/*GENETICS  JOURNAL ARTICLE
       MULTICENTER STUDY

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

