       Document 0478
 DOCN  M9630478
 TI    Are CD4+ Th1 cells pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory? The ratio of
       IL-10 to IFN-gamma or IL-2 determines their function.
 DT    9603
 AU    Katsikis PD; Cohen SB; Londei M; Feldmann M; Kennedy Institute of
       Rheumatology, Sunley Division, London, UK.
 SO    Int Immunol. 1995 Aug;7(8):1287-94. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96022650
 AB    Human CD4+ T cells have, like their murine counterparts, been classified
       on the basis of their cytokine profile. Th1 cells produce IL-2 and
       IFN-gamma, but little or no IL-4. Th2 cells produce IL-4 but not
       IFN-gamma or IL-2, and Th0 produce IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma. As IL-2 is
       the most potent T cell growth factor and IFN-gamma is the strongest
       activator of macrophages it is not surprising that CD4+ Th1 cells are
       considered to be pro-inflammatory. However, unlike results in the mouse,
       where IL-10 is only produced by Th2 cells, human IL-10 is produced by
       Th0, Th1 and Th2 cells. Hence some human Th1 cells are capable of
       producing both pro-inflammatory (IL-2, IFN-gamma) and anti-inflammatory
       (IL-10) cytokines, therefore the function of these cells may not be
       accurately encapsulated by the 'Th1' terminology. We thus investigated
       the correlation of cytokine production and function in human CD4+ Th1
       clones. Cytokine production (IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-10) was measured in
       supernatants by ELISA after stimulation with solid-phase anti-CD3. The
       capacity of these supernatants to activate or inhibit T cell
       proliferation or LPS induced TNF-alpha production by monocytes was
       assessed. The ratio of IL-2/IL-10 or IFN-gamma/IL-10 was of critical
       importance in determining the function of the supernatants. The
       inhibitory effects were verified to be due to IL-10, as they were
       neutralized by anti-IL-10 mAb.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 DE    Antibodies, Monoclonal/PHARMACOLOGY  Antigens, CD3/IMMUNOLOGY  Cell Line
       Cell-Free System/IMMUNOLOGY  Clone Cells  Epitopes  Human
       Inflammation/*IMMUNOLOGY  Interferon Type II/*BIOSYNTHESIS
       Interleukin-10/*BIOSYNTHESIS/IMMUNOLOGY  Interleukin-2/*BIOSYNTHESIS
       Lipopolysaccharides/PHARMACOLOGY  Lymphocyte Transformation/DRUG
       EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY  Macrophage Activation/DRUG EFFECTS  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  Th1 Cells/*CLASSIFICATION/IMMUNOLOGY/METABOLISM  Tumor
       Necrosis Factor/BIOSYNTHESIS  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

