       Document 0199
 DOCN  M9630199
 TI    Therapeutic approaches for AIDS-related toxoplasmosis.
 DT    9603
 AU    Behbahani R; Moshfeghi M; Baxter JD; Department of Pharmacy, Cooper
       Hospital/University Medical; Center, Camden, NJ 08103, USA.
 SO    Ann Pharmacother. 1995 Jul-Aug;29(7-8):760-8. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/96131195
 AB    OBJECTIVE: To summarize current knowledge of prophylaxis and treatment
       of AIDS-related toxoplasmosis. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search
       (1985-1994) was used to identify pertinent literature, including
       reviews. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles were
       considered for possible inclusion in the review. Pertinent information,
       as judged by the authors, was selected for discussion. DATA SYNTHESIS:
       Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) appears to be useful for
       prophylaxis against toxoplasmosis in patients with AIDS. The most
       effective TMP/SMX dose for prevention of toxoplasmosis needs to be
       determined. Dapsone in combination with pyrimethamine therapy may be an
       effective alternative for toxoplasmosis prophylaxis. The most effective
       regimen for the treatment of AIDS-related toxoplasmosis is the
       combination therapy of pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine. In patients who
       cannot tolerate sulfadiazine therapy because of adverse effects or
       allergy, pyrimethamine with clindamycin therapy may be considered as a
       second-line alternative. Lifelong suppressive therapy is required after
       either treatment regimen to prevent relapse. Other newer agents such as
       azithromycin, clarithromycin, atovaquone, or timetrexate-leucovorin need
       further studies to confirm their true effectiveness in the treatment of
       toxoplasmosis. CONCLUSIONS: TMP/SMX remains a useful agent in
       prophylaxis against toxoplasmosis. Pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine is the
       most effective combination in the treatment of acute toxoplasmosis.
 DE    Antiprotozoal Agents/*THERAPEUTIC USE  AIDS-Related Opportunistic
       Infections/*DRUG THERAPY  Clindamycin/THERAPEUTIC USE
       Dapsone/THERAPEUTIC USE  Human  Pyrimethamine/THERAPEUTIC USE
       Sulfadiazine/THERAPEUTIC USE  Toxoplasmosis/*DRUG THERAPY
       Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/DRUG THERAPY  Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
       Combination/THERAPEUTIC USE  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

