       Document 1043
 DOCN  M9621043
 TI    Infection, apoptosis, and killing of mature human eosinophils by human
       immunodeficiency virus-1.
 DT    9602
 AU    Weller PF; Marshall WL; Lucey DR; Rand TH; Dvorak AM; Finberg RW;
       Department of Medicine, Harvard Thorndike Laboratories, Charles; A. Dana
       Research Institute, Beth Israel Hospital, Harvard Medical; School,
       Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
 SO    Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1995 Nov;13(5):610-20. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/96054928
 AB    Although human eosinophils express low concentrations of CD4, the
       capacity of mature, non-replicating eosinophils to be infected with
       human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) has not been established. Using
       peripheral blood eosinophils isolated free of contaminating lymphocytes
       and mononuclear leukocytes, we evaluated eosinophil infection with
       HIV-1. Eosinophils could be infected with strains of HIV-1 as evidenced
       by HIV-induced cytolytic effects, progressive release of p24 antigen in
       cultures of infected eosinophils, recovery of HIV from infected
       eosinophils by co-cultivation, and detection of HIV-1 gag viral DNA from
       infected eosinophils by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification.
       Greater p24 antigen release from infected eosinophils was elicited by
       the phorbol ester, PMA; and eosinophil killing by HIV-1 was enhanced by
       the cytokine GM-CSF. By light and electron microscopy, HIV-infected
       eosinophils demonstrated apoptosis and necrosis. Apoptotic subdiploid
       nuclear staining was detected by flow cytometric analyses of propidium
       iodide-stained nuclei from HIV-infected eosinophils, and DNA isolated
       from HIV-infected eosinophils showed both nucleosomal fragmentation and
       diffuse degradation. Thus, mature eosinophils, non-replicating
       terminally differentiated leukocytes, can be infected with HIV-1. HIV-1
       expression in eosinophils is promoted by increased
       granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and can cause
       eosinophils to undergo death due to apoptosis and necrosis.
 DE    Apoptosis  Base Sequence  Cells, Cultured  DNA Damage  DNA
       Primers/CHEMISTRY  DNA, Viral/METABOLISM  Eosinophils/*MICROBIOLOGY
       Genes, gag  Human  HIV Core Protein p24/METABOLISM  HIV
       Infections/*PATHOLOGY  HIV-1/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT/*PATHOGENICITY
       Molecular Sequence Data  Necrosis  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Support,
       U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

