       Document 0571
 DOCN  M9620571
 TI    Interaction of virion protein Vpr of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
       with cellular transcription factor Sp1 and trans-activation of viral
       long terminal repeat.
 DT    9602
 AU    Wang L; Mukherjee S; Jia F; Narayan O; Zhao LJ; Marion Merrell Dow
       Foundation, Department of Microbiology,; Molecular Genetics and
       Immunology, University of Kansas Medical; Center, Kansas City
       66160-7424, USA.
 SO    J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 27;270(43):25564-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96029641
 AB    Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a result of replication of
       the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) predominantly in CD4+ T
       lymphocytes and macrophages. However, most of these cells in vivo are
       immunologically quiescent, a condition restricting HIV-1 replication.
       Vpr is an HIV-1 virion protein suspected to enhance HIV-1 replication in
       vivo. We demonstrate in this report that Vpr specifically activates
       HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR)-directed transcription. This effect is
       most pronounced on a minimal promoter from HIV-1 LTR containing the TATA
       box and binding motifs for the ubiquitous cellular transcription factor
       Sp1. Evidence is presented that Vpr interacts with Sp1 when Sp1 is bound
       to the Sp1 motifs within the HIV-1 LTR Both Vpr-Sp1 interaction and Vpr
       trans-activation require a central Leu/Ile-rich domain in Vpr. Our
       findings suggest that Vpr trans-activation through Sp1 is most critical
       for the immediate early transcription of HIV-1 when other positive
       regulators, such as NF-kappa B, are limited or inactive, a condition
       presumably present in vivo. By interacting with Sp1, Vpr also has the
       potential to influence cellular gene expression and cellular functions.
       Thus, therapeutic approaches directed toward blocking the Vpr
       trans-activation function could prove valuable in treating AIDS.
 DE    Base Sequence  Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel  Gene Products,
       vpr/*METABOLISM  Hela Cells  Human  HIV Long Terminal Repeat/*GENETICS
       HIV-1/*GENETICS  Models, Genetic  Molecular Sequence Data  Precipitin
       Tests  Promoter Regions (Genetics)/GENETICS  Protein Binding
       Recombinant Proteins/METABOLISM  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
       *Trans-Activation (Genetics)  Transcription Factor, Sp1/*METABOLISM
       Transcription, Genetic  Transfection  TATA Box  Virion/GENETICS  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

