       Document 0475
 DOCN  M9620475
 TI    Alveolar macrophages as a cell source of cytokine hyperproduction in
       HIV-related interstitial lung disease.
 DT    9602
 AU    Agostini C; Sancetta R; Cerutti A; Semenzato G; Department of Clinical
       Medicine, 1st Medical Clinic, Padua; University School of Medicine,
       Italy.
 SO    J Leukoc Biol. 1995 Nov;58(5):495-500. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96071069
 AB    Pulmonary macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of the
       acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). They are known to be discrete
       target cells for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and compelling
       evidence is accumulating that alveolar macrophages (AMs) from
       HIV-infected patients behave as versatile secretory cells that, acting
       as antigen-presenting cells, release a great variety of cytokines. The
       secretory products of AMs, pivotal to their immune effects, may
       contribute to localized immune dysregulation as well as to primary lung
       damage and clinical disease. Pulmonary macrophages are also thought to
       facilitate retroviral spread by their direct infection, by presenting
       HIV antigens to uninfected T cells, and by secreting cytokines that
       transactivate HIV expression. This review briefly considers the events
       underlying the role of AMs in the pulmonary defense mechanisms against
       HIV and AIDS-related opportunistic infections. Following a brief
       overview of immune mechanisms taking place in the lungs of HIV-infected
       subjects, we describe the specific role of AMs in the immune mechanisms
       devoted to recognizing and removing HIV-infected cells and controlling
       the local growth of opportunists. The pathogenetic role envisaged for
       macrophages in lung damage are also reviewed in the context of the known
       biology of these cells. Finally, this review examines the relevance of
       the retroviral infection of AMs in terms of pathogenesis of the
       HIV-related interstitial lung disease.
 DE    Antigen-Presenting Cells/IMMUNOLOGY  Cytokines/*BIOSYNTHESIS  Human  HIV
       Infections/*IMMUNOLOGY  HIV-1/GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT/PATHOGENICITY  Lung
       Diseases, Interstitial/*IMMUNOLOGY  Macrophages,
       Alveolar/*METABOLISM/MICROBIOLOGY  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

