       Document 0373
 DOCN  M9620373
 TI    [ELISA for diagnosis of infections by viruses]
 DT    9602
 AU    Yoshihara N; AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Health.
 SO    Nippon Rinsho. 1995 Sep;53(9):2277-82. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96008330
 AB    The assay used most widely to detect or diagnose virus infection,
       especially infection of blood borne viruses e.g. HBV, HCV, HIV and HTLV,
       is the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whose sensitivity and
       practicability have rendered it the most common primary screening assay.
       ELISA can be mass screening used automatic or semiautomatic machines.
       ELISAs can be indirect assay, competition assays or sandwich assays. In
       indirect and sandwich assays, the development of color indicates the
       presence of antigen or antibody, whereas in competition assays the
       absence of color development signifies a positive reaction. Alkaline
       phosphatase and horseradish peroxidase the most commonly used enzymes,
       are associated with their respective substrates, usually p-nitro-phenyl
       phosphate and hydrogen peroxide. The ELISA for antigen detection is used
       polyclonal antibody or monoclonal antibodies. The other hand, the ELISA
       for antibody screening is used whole virus, synthetic peptides or
       recombinant antigens.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/DIAGNOSIS  English Abstract
       *Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/METHODS  Hepatitis B/DIAGNOSIS
       Hepatitis C/DIAGNOSIS  Human  HTLV-BLV Infections/DIAGNOSIS  Virus
       Diseases/*DIAGNOSIS  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

