       Document 0490
 DOCN  M9620490
 TI    N-acetylcysteine enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in
       neutrophils and mononuclear cells from healthy adults and human
       immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
 DT    9602
 AU    Roberts RL; Aroda VR; Ank BJ; Department of Pediatrics, University of
       California, Los Angeles,; USA.
 SO    J Infect Dis. 1995 Dec;172(6):1492-502. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96083493
 AB    Patients with AIDS have decreased levels of the intracellular
       antioxidant, glutathione, in their circulating lymphocytes and plasma.
       N-acetylcysteine (NAC) increases intracellular stores of glutathione and
       has direct antioxidant properties. In this study, the effects of
       glutathione and NAC on the cytotoxicity of neutrophils and mononuclear
       cells were tested using cells from healthy controls and human
       immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. NAC (1 and 5 mM)
       enhanced the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of
       neutrophils from healthy adult controls and HIV-infected adults and
       children. The antineoplastic drug, 1,3 bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea
       (BCNU), which depletes intracellular glutathione, inhibited the ADCC of
       neutrophils; the addition of NAC partially reversed this inhibition.
       Similar effects of BCNU and NAC were seen when the cytotoxicity of
       mononuclear cells was tested using CEM tumor cells bearing the HIV gp120
       antigen as targets. Thus, NAC enhances various forms of cytotoxicity and
       may be beneficial to AIDS patients whose defects in leukocyte
       cytotoxicity may be due to glutathione depletion.
 DE    Acetylcysteine/*PHARMACOLOGY  Adolescence  Adult  Antibody-Dependent
       Cell Cytotoxicity/*DRUG EFFECTS  Antioxidants/*PHARMACOLOGY
       Carmustine/PHARMACOLOGY  Child  Child, Preschool  Female
       Glutathione/PHYSIOLOGY  Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/IMMUNOLOGY  Human
       HIV Infections/*IMMUNOLOGY  Infant  Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*DRUG
       EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY  Male  Neutrophils/*DRUG EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

