       Document 0379
 DOCN  M9620379
 TI    Activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in monocytoid cells by
       the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani.
 DT    9602
 AU    Bernier R; Turco SJ; Olivier M; Tremblay M; Centre de Recherche en
       Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de; l'Universite Laval, Faculte de
       Medecine, Universite Laval,; Ste-Foy Quebec, Canada.
 SO    J Virol. 1995 Nov;69(11):7282-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96013837
 AB    In this study, we demonstrated that the protozoan parasite Leishmania
       donovani and one of its major surface molecules, the lipophosphoglycan
       (LPG), can induce human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) expression
       in U1 and OM-10.1, two cell lines of monocytoid origin latently infected
       with HIV-1. Treatment of U1 cells with various concentrations of LPG (1,
       5, and 10 microM) resulted in a dose-dependent secretion of tumor
       necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Suppression of LPG-induced HIV-1
       expression by polyclonal anti-TNF-alpha antibodies further confirmed the
       involvement of this cytokine. Results from these studies indicate that
       the protozoan parasite L. donovani can induce the secretion of TNF-alpha
       that will function in an autocrine or paracrine manner to upregulate
       HIV-1 expression. Our data suggest for the first time that this
       protozoan parasite can be viewed as a potential cofactor in the
       pathogenesis of AIDS.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY  Animal
       Antibodies/PHARMACOLOGY  Cell Differentiation  Cell Line
       Glycosphingolipids/*PHARMACOLOGY  Human  HIV-1/DRUG EFFECTS/GROWTH &
       DEVELOPMENT/*PHYSIOLOGY  Leishmania donovani/*PHYSIOLOGY  Monocytes
       Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
       Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/PHARMACOLOGY  Tumor Necrosis
       Factor/*BIOSYNTHESIS/IMMUNOLOGY  *Virus Activation/DRUG EFFECTS  Virus
       Latency  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

