       Document 0793
 DOCN  M9610793
 TI    In vitro production of type 1 and type 2 cytokines by peripheral blood
       mononuclear cells from high-risk HIV-negative intravenous drug users.
 DT    9601
 AU    Barcellini W; Rizzardi GP; Velati C; Borghi MO; Fain C; Lazzarin A;
       Meroni PL; Institute of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and;
       Immunopathology, University of Milan, Italy.
 SO    AIDS. 1995 Jul;9(7):691-4. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96035230
 AB    OBJECTIVE: To study type 1 and type 2 cytokine patterns in HIV-negative
       high-risk intravenous drug users (IVDU). DESIGN: We investigated
       interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-gamma, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10
       production by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated and unstimulated
       peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from HIV-negative
       high-risk IVDU, HIV-negative controls and HIV-positive subjects.
       METHODS: Cytokine production was measured in supernatants using
       enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 10 HIV-negative high-risk
       IVDU, 25 HIV-negative controls, and 12 HIV-positive IVDU. We also
       determined spontaneous in vitro immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM
       production. RESULTS: HIV-negative high-risk IVDU showed increased
       IFN-gamma and decreased IL-4, IL-10 and IL-2, although the latter was
       not significant compared with HIV-negative controls. Further,
       HIV-negative high-risk IVDU had reduced IgG production and impaired
       IgM-IgG switch. CONCLUSIONS: The reduced IL-2 and IL-4 production
       suggest an impaired CD4+ T-cell function in HIV-negative high-risk IVDU.
       The increased IFN-gamma production along with the decreased type 2
       cytokine profile is consistent with the hypothesis that protective
       immunity against HIV may reside in type 1 responses and cell-mediated
       immunity.
 DE    Adolescence  Adult  Cytokines/*BIOSYNTHESIS/BLOOD  Human  *HIV
       Seronegativity  Interferon Type II/BIOSYNTHESIS/BLOOD
       Interleukin-10/BIOSYNTHESIS/BLOOD  Interleukin-4/BIOSYNTHESIS/BLOOD
       Interleukin-6/BIOSYNTHESIS/BLOOD  Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*METABOLISM
       Phytohemagglutinins  Substance Abuse, Intravenous/*BLOOD  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

