       Document 0754
 DOCN  M9610754
 TI    Identification of human T cell lymphotropic virus type IIa infection in
       the Kayapo, an indigenous population of Brazil.
 DT    9601
 AU    Ishak R; Harrington WJ Jr; Azevedo VN; Eiraku N; Ishak MO; Guerreiro JF;
       Santos SB; Kubo T; Monken C; Alexander S; et al; Federal University of
       Para, Belem, Brazil.
 SO    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1995 Jul;11(7):813-21. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE GENBANK/U19109
 AB    Human T cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) infection is endemic
       in a number of indigenous populations in North, Central, and South
       America. In the present study we have employed serological and molecular
       methods to identify HTLV-II infection in Indian communities in the
       Amazon region of Brazil. Sera (1324) from 25 different Indian
       communities were analyzed by ELISA and Western blot. One hundred and
       four samples (7.8%) from a number of culturally distinct and
       geographically unrelated populations were found to have reactivities
       consistent with HTLV-II infection. Of these, 67 were from the Kayapo
       Indian communities, which had an overall seroprevalence rate of greater
       than 30%. In addition, high seroprevalence rates were observed in three
       other communities, the Munduruku, Arara do Laranjal and the Tyrio,
       suggesting that there are additional foci of endemic infection in the
       Amazon region. In the Kayapo, seroprevalence rates tended to increase
       with age, supporting the importance of sexual transmission of the virus,
       and family studies demonstrated that vertical transmission is also an
       important route of infection. Restriction fragment length polymorphism
       (RFLP) and nucleotide sequence analysis of a region of the env gene
       demonstrated that the Kayapo are infected with the HTLV-IIa subtype.
       Moreover, nucleotide sequence analysis of the LTR demonstrated that this
       belonged to a distinct HTLV-IIa phylogenetic group. The identification
       of HTLV-IIa in the Kayapo is, as far as we are aware, the first
       identified endemic focus of infection by this subtype of HTLV-II in the
       Americas.
 DE    Adolescence  Adult  Age Factors  Aged  Base Sequence  Blotting, Western
       Brazil/EPIDEMIOLOGY  Child  Child, Preschool  Comparative Study  Disease
       Transmission, Vertical  DNA Primers  Female  *Genes, env  Geography
       Human  HTLV-II/CLASSIFICATION/*GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF  HTLV-II
       Antibodies/*BLOOD  HTLV-II Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
       Indians, South American/*STATISTICS & NUMER DATA  Infant  Infant,
       Newborn  Male  Middle Age  Molecular Sequence Data  Pedigree  Phylogeny
       Polymerase Chain Reaction  Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
       Prevalence  Sex Characteristics  Sex Factors  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

