       Document 0750
 DOCN  M9610750
 TI    Passive immunization of rhesus macaques against SIV infection and
       disease.
 DT    9601
 AU    Gardner M; Rosenthal A; Jennings M; Yee J; Antipa L; Robinson E Jr;
       Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of; California
       at Davis 95616, USA.
 SO    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1995 Jul;11(7):843-54. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/96053848
 AB    To evaluate the role of humoral immunity against simian immunodeficiency
       virus (SIV), we tested whether passive immunization with plasma from
       SIVmac251 vaccine-protected or healthy infected animals would protect
       rhesus monkeys against intravenous infection with ten 50% animal
       infectious doses of the cell-free homologous virus. The challenge dose
       of this SIVmac251 virus stock had previously caused persistent infection
       in all (21 of 21) nonimmunized controls. A plasma pool was obtained from
       a donor that had been immunized with an inactivated whole SIVmac251
       vaccine produced in human T cells. This plasma pool contained low levels
       of SIVmac binding and neutralizing antibody but had a high titer of
       antibodies recognizing human cell proteins. Given 4 or 18 hr before
       intravenous challenge, this plasma completely protected three of eight
       recipients from infection and delayed virus detection in one recipient.
       The five unprotected animals had only a transient or undetectable p27
       antigenemia and low virus load in their PBMCs, and all survived at least
       7 months after infection. By contrast, no protection was observed in 6
       monkeys given inactivated, pooled plasma or purified immunoglobulin (Ig)
       from healthy SIVmac251-infected animals. This plasma pool and the Ig
       preparation contained high levels of SIV-binding and neutralizing
       antibody but no reactivity to human cellular components. Five of the six
       recipients had persistent antigenemia after challenge and four died
       acutely from simian AIDS in 4-7 months. These studies suggest that
       passive transfer of antibody to human cellular antigens can confer
       protection against SIVmac whereas passive transfer of neutralizing
       antibodies without human cellular antibodies does not protect against
       the homologous virus and may enhance infection.
 DE    Animal  Antibodies, Viral/*BLOOD  Antibody Formation  Comparative Study
       Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay  Human  HIV Antibodies
       HIV-2/IMMUNOLOGY  *Immunization, Passive  Macaca mulatta  Neutralization
       Tests  Reference Values  Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency
       Syndrome/*IMMUNOLOGY/PREVENTION  & CONTROL  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
       Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  SIV/*IMMUNOLOGY  T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY
       Time Factors  Vaccines, Inactivated  Viral Vaccines  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

