       Document 0643
 DOCN  M9610643
 TI    Nanoparticles as adjuvants for vaccines.
 DT    9601
 AU    Kreuter J; Institute for Pharmaceutical Technology, Johann Wolfgang
       Goethe; University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
 SO    Pharm Biotechnol. 1995;6:463-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96057697
 AB    PMMA nanoparticle adjuvants can be manufactured in a physicochemically
       reproducible manner. Their particle size can be controlled within narrow
       limits. Immunogens may be either incorporated or adsorbed to these
       nanoparticles. PMMA nanoparticles induced significantly higher and more
       prolonged antibody responses against a variety of immunogens, including
       influenza virions and subunit vaccines, BSA, and HIV-1 and HIV-2 split
       vaccines. In addition, a protective immune response against challenge
       with live influenza virus was induced and a better stability of the
       immunogen was observed after incorporation or adsorption of influenza
       virions or subunits to PMMA nanoparticles. The observation that PMMA did
       not induce antibodies against gp120 contained in the HIV-2 split vaccine
       demonstrates that different adjuvants or carriers may be required for
       different antigens. A combination of two or more different adjuvants or
       carriers may be necessary to induce the optimal immune response against
       antigen mixtures as present in most vaccine preparations. PMMA seems to
       be a safe adjuvant material. It is very slowly biodegradable and has
       been used in surgery in humans for over 40 years, and now warrants
       continued investigation as a vaccine adjuvant.
 DE    *Adjuvants, Immunologic  Animal  Human  Methylmethacrylates
       *Microspheres  Particle Size  *Vaccines  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW
       REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

