       Document 0494
 DOCN  M9610494
 TI    Variability of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum among stocks from
       immunocompromised, immunocompetent patients and dogs in Spain.
 DT    9601
 AU    Jimenez M; Ferrer-Dufol M; Canavate C; Gutierrez-Solar B; Molina R;
       Laguna F; Lopez-Velez R; Cercenado E; Dauden E; Blazquez J; et al;
       Laboratorio de Referencia de Leishmaniasis, Instituto de Salud; Carlos
       III, Madrid, Spain.
 SO    FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1995 Sep 1;131(2):197-204. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/96004571
 AB    Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is the causative agent of both the
       cutaneous and visceral forms of leishmaniasis in southwest Europe; the
       dog is the main reservoir. In order to identify the L. (L.) infantum
       zymodemes present in Spain, a total number of 85 Leishmania stocks
       isolated from dogs (31), HIV-positive patients (46) with visceral or
       cutaneous leishmaniasis, a patient with visceral leishmaniasis
       complicating renal transplantation (1) and immunocompetent patients (7)
       with visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis, have been characterized by
       isoenzyme typing. All canine stocks were MON-1, which is the most
       widespread zymodeme in the Mediterranean area. In immunocompetent
       patients three zymodemes were found: MON-1 (2), MON-24 (2) and MON-34
       (3). Nine different zymodemes were obtained in stocks from HIV
       co-infected patients, indicating a higher variability of L. (L.)
       infantum amongst them: MON-1 (in 21 stocks), MON-24 (7), MON-28 (1),
       MON-29 (3), MON-33 (7), MON-34 (1) and MON-183 (4). Two new zymodemes,
       MON-198 (1) and MON-199 (1), were described among HIV patients from
       Spain. The stock from the renal transplanted patient was MON-1. The
       exclusive presence of certain zymodemes in immunocompromised patients
       and their absence in typical cases of cutaneous and visceral
       leishmaniasis and in infected dogs suggests two possibilities: (i) an
       anthroponotic pattern of leishmaniasis where intravenous drug
       user-infected patients act as potential reservoir for these new
       zymodemes. In the latter, syringes could act as the vehicles for
       infected monocytes; (ii) the cellular immune system could select
       virulent from non-virulent zymodemes in immunocompetent visceral
       leishmaniasis patients.
 DE    Animal  AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY/PARASITOLOGY
       Disease Reservoirs  Dogs/*PARASITOLOGY  Human  Immunity, Cellular
       Immunocompetence  Immunocompromised Host  Isoenzymes/GENETICS
       Leishmania infantum/ENZYMOLOGY/*GENETICS/ISOLATION & PURIF
       Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/EPIDEMIOLOGY/PARASITOLOGY  Leishmaniasis,
       Visceral/EPIDEMIOLOGY/PARASITOLOGY  Male  Spain/EPIDEMIOLOGY  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  *Variation (Genetics)  Virulence/IMMUNOLOGY  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

