       Document 0445
 DOCN  M9610445
 TI    Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by the amine
       oxidase-peroxidase system.
 DT    9601
 AU    Klebanoff SJ; Kazazi F; Department of Medicine, University of
       Washington, Seattle 98195,; USA.
 SO    J Clin Microbiol. 1995 Aug;33(8):2054-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96057585
 AB    Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is rapidly inactivated by
       exposure to a naturally occurring antimicrobial system consisting of
       peroxidase, H2O2, and a halide. Among the potential sources of H2O2 is
       the amine oxidase system in which mono-, di-, and polyamines are
       oxidatively deaminated with the formation of H2O2. The polyamine
       spermine is present at exceptionally high concentrations in semen. We
       report here that spermine, spermidine, and, to a lesser degree, the
       synthetic polyamine 15-deoxyspergualin are viricidal to HIV-1 when
       combined with amine oxidase and myeloperoxidase. Antiviral activity
       required each component of the spermine-amine oxidase-peroxidase system
       and was inhibited by azide (a peroxidase inhibitor) and by catalase but
       not by superoxide dismutase. Heat treatment of catalase largely
       abolished its inhibitory effect. These findings implicate H2O2 formed by
       the amine oxidase system in the antiviral effect and raise the
       possibility that the polyamine-amine oxidase-peroxidase system
       influences the survival of HIV-1 in semen and in the vaginal canal.
 DE    Amine Oxidoreductases/METABOLISM/*PHARMACOLOGY  Antiviral
       Agents/METABOLISM/PHARMACOLOGY  Catalase/METABOLISM/PHARMACOLOGY  Cell
       Line  Female  Heat  Human  Hydrogen Peroxide/METABOLISM/PHARMACOLOGY
       HIV Infections/TRANSMISSION  HIV-1/*DRUG EFFECTS/PHYSIOLOGY  In Vitro
       Male  Peroxidases/METABOLISM/*PHARMACOLOGY
       Polyamines/METABOLISM/PHARMACOLOGY  Semen/METABOLISM/VIROLOGY
       Spermine/METABOLISM/PHARMACOLOGY  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Support, U.S.
       Gov't, P.H.S.  Vagina/METABOLISM/VIROLOGY  Virus Replication/DRUG
       EFFECTS  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

