       Document 0423
 DOCN  M9610423
 TI    Vertical transmission of HIV-1: risks and prevention.
 DT    9601
 AU    Newell ML; Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Child Health,
       London,; UK.
 SO    J Hosp Infect. 1995 Jun;30 Suppl:191-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/96035345
 AB    HIV can be transmitted from mother to child before, during, or after
       birth, but the relative contribution of each route remains unclear.
       Indirect evidence suggests that a substantial proportion of transmission
       occurs late in pregnancy or around the time of delivery. In Europe, the
       rate of vertical transmission is around 15-20% and is associated with
       maternal HIV status, mode of delivery and length of time from rupture of
       membranes, and breastfeeding. A number of interventions to reduce
       vertical transmission have been suggested including avoidance of
       breastfeeding, caesarean section delivery, disinfection of the birth
       canal, passive and active immunization, and anti-retroviral therapy.
       Several clinical trials to evaluate such approaches are ongoing or being
       planned. The costs of the various options are likely to limit
       implementation.
 DE    *Disease Transmission, Vertical/PREVENTION & CONTROL  Female  Human  HIV
       Infections/PREVENTION & CONTROL/*TRANSMISSION  Infant, Newborn
       Pregnancy  Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/PREVENTION & CONTROL
       Risk Factors  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

