       Document 0250
 DOCN  M9610250
 TI    1995 revised guidelines for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii
       pneumonia for children infected with or perinatally exposed to human
       immunodeficiency virus. National Pediatric and Family HIV Resource
       Center and National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease
       Control and Prevention.
 DT    9601
 SO    MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1995 Apr 28;44(RR-4):1-11. Unique Identifier
       : AIDSLINE MED/96002675
 AB    Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most common opportunistic
       infection in children who have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
       (AIDS). Despite the publication of guidelines for prophylaxis against
       PCP for children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in
       1991 (1), ongoing AIDS surveillance has detected no substantial decrease
       in PCP incidence among HIV-infected infants. Studies indicate that this
       continued incidence is associated with failure to identify HIV-infected
       children before PCP occurs and with limitations in the ability of CD4+
       measurements to identify children at risk for PCP. In March 1994, the
       National Pediatric & Family HIV Resource Center, in collaboration with
       CDC, convened a working group to review additional data about the
       occurrence of PCP among HIV-infected children and to reevaluate the 1991
       PCP prophylaxis guidelines for children. This report summarizes these
       new data and presents revised PCP prevention guidelines that recommend
       a) promptly identifying children born to HIV-infected women and
       initiating regular diagnostic and immunologic monitoring of such
       children; b) beginning PCP prophylaxis at 4-6 weeks of age for all
       children who have been perinatally exposed to HIV; c) continuing
       prophylaxis through 12 months of age for HIV-infected children; and d)
       making decisions regarding prophylaxis for HIV-infected children > or =
       12 months of age based on CD4+ measurements and whether PCP previously
       has occurred.
 DE    Anti-Infective Agents/THERAPEUTIC USE  AIDS Serodiagnosis  AIDS-Related
       Opportunistic Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/*PREVENTION &  CONTROL
       Chemoprevention/STANDARDS  Child, Preschool  CD4 Lymphocyte Count
       Disease Transmission, Vertical  Female  Human  HIV
       Infections/*CONGENITAL/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY/TRANSMISSION  Infant
       Infant, Newborn  Male  Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
       carinii/IMMUNOLOGY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL  Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
       Combination/THERAPEUTIC USE  GUIDELINE  JOURNAL ARTICLE  PRACTICE
       GUIDELINE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

