      Document 0079
 DOCN  DRG0079
 UNIQUE IDENTIFIER        DRG-0168
 NAME OF SUBSTANCE        Interleukin-4 [AmFAR Tx Dir 1995;7(4)]
 SYNONYMS                 IL-4 [AmFAR Tx Dir 1995;7(4)]
 PROTOCOL ID NUMBERS      NIAID ACTG 224
 SECONDARY SOURCE ID      DRG
 PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION   MODE OF ACTION: Soluble factor produced by
                          activated T-lymphocytes that causes
                          proliferation and differentiation of B-cells.
                          Interleukin-4 induces the expression of class
                          II major histocompatibility complex and Fc
                          receptors on B-cells. It also acts on
                          T-lymphocytes, mast cell lines, and several
                          other hematopoietic lineage cells including
                          granulocyte, megakaryocyte, and erythroid
                          precursors, as well as macrophages. IL-4 can
                          suppress the generation of IL-6, a mitogen
                          for AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma cells,
                          which may result in suppression of Kaposi's
                          sarcoma lesions. [AmFAR Tx Dir 1995;7(4)]
                          [MeSH] [NIAID ACTG 224]
 DISEASES STUDIED/TREATED AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma [AmFAR Tx Dir
                          1995;7(4)]
 CLASSIFICATION CODE      Antineoplastic [NIAID ACTG 224]
 CLASSIFICATION CODE      Immunomodulator [AmFAR Tx Dir 1995;7(4)]
 ADVERSE EFFECTS          Adverse effects include headache, fever,
                          nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, rigors,
                          fatigue, myalgias, pain, edema,
                          rhinitis/nasal symptoms, sinusitis,
                          hypersensitivity reactions, cardiac injury,
                          arrhythmias, confusion, altered
                          consciousness, nervous system problems,
                          weight loss, bone pain, liver problems, low
                          blood pressure, and blood clots. [AmFAR Tx
                          Dir 1995;7(4)] [NIAID ACTG 224]
 CONTRAINDICATIONS        Contraindicated in pregnant women. [NIAID
                          ACTG 224]
 CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL DATA   DRUG DESCRIPTION: A naturally occurring
                          cytokine [AmFAR Tx Dir 1995;7(4)]
 CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL DATA   SOLUBILITY: Soluble in sterile water for
                          injection [NIAID ACTG 224]
 CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL DATA   STABILITY: Lyophilized powder stable for 24
                          months. Reconstituted solution stable for 24
                          hours [NIAID ACTG 224]
 CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL DATA   PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Lyophilized powder
                          [NIAID ACTG 224]
 SUBSTANCE DELIVERY DATA  MODE OF DELIVERY: Subcutaneous. [AmFAR Tx Dir
                          1995;7(4)]
 SUBSTANCE DELIVERY DATA  STORAGE: Store at 2-8 C (36-46 F). [NIAID
                          ACTG 224]
 MANUFACTURERS            Schering-Plough Research
 REFERENCES               Capsoni F, Minonzio F, Ongari AM, Carbonelli
                          V, Galli A, Zanussi C. IL-10 up-regulates
                          human monocyte phagocytosis in the presence
                          of IL-4 and IFN-gamma. J Leukoc Biol 1995
                          Sep;58(3):351-8.
 REFERENCES               Rabinovitch A, Suarez-Pinzon WL, Sorensen O,
                          Bleackley RC, Power RF, Rajotte RV. Combined
                          therapy with interleukin-4 and interleukin-10
                          inhibits autoimmune diabetes recurrence in
                          syngeneic islet-transplanted nonobese
                          diabetic mice. Analysis of cytokine mRNA
                          expression in the graft. Transplantation 1995
                          Aug 27;60(4):368-74.
 REFERENCES               Miles SA, Mitsuyasu R, LaFleur F, Ryback M,
                          Kasden P, Suckow C, Groopman J, Scadden D.
                          Phase I/II trial of interleukin-4 in KS (ACTG
                          224). Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):46
                          (abstract no. 159B).
 REFERENCES               Sosman JA, Fisher SG, Kefer C, Fisher RI,
                          Ellis TM. A phase I trial of continuous
                          infusion interleukin-4 (IL-4) alone and
                          following interleukin-2 (IL-2) in cancer
                          patients. Ann Oncol 1994 May;5(5):447-52.
 REFERENCES               Dugas B, Renauld JC, Pene J, Bonnefoy JY,
                          Peti-Frere C, Braquet P, Bousquet J, Van
                          Snick J, Mencia-Huerta JM. Interleukin-9
                          potentiates the interleukin-4 induced
                          immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgE) production
                          by normal human B lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol
                          1993 Jul;23(7):1687-92.
 REFERENCES               Czuczman MS, Class K, Scheinberg DA.
                          Interleukin-4 priming enhances a target for
                          human complement-mediated cytotoxicity of
                          CLL. Leukemia 1993 Jul;7(7):1020-5.
 REFERENCES               Ghosh AK, Smith NK, Prendiville J, Thatcher
                          N, Crowther D, Stern PL, A phase I study of
                          recombinant human interleukin-4 administered
                          by the intravenous and subcutaneous route in
                          patients with advanced cancer: immunological
                          studies. Eur Cytokine Netw 1993
                          May-Jun;4(3):205-11.
 REFERENCES               Gill P, Puri PK. Interleukin-4 receptor
                          (IL-4R) expression on AIDS-related Kaposi's
                          sarcoma (AIDS-KS) cells and inhibition of
                          tumor cell growth and cytokine production by
                          IL-4 (Meeting abstract). Proc Annu Meet Am
                          Assoc Cancer Res. 1993;34:A1121.
 REFERENCES               Baumgarten R, Hintsche B, Bellman G, Prummer
                          O, Porzsolt F, Volk D, von Baehr R. Cytokine
                          secretion pattern in homosexual and
                          narcotics-using HIV positive patients. Int
                          Conf AIDS. 1993 Jun 6-11;9(1):173 (abstract
                          no. PO-A13-0234).
 REFERENCES               Schuitemaker H, Kootstra NA, Groenink M,
                          Meyaard L, de Goede RE, Huisman H, Miedema F,
                          Tersmette M. Viral and cellular requirements
                          for replication of HIV in primary monocytes.
                          Int Conf AIDS. 1991 Jun 16-21;7(1):100
                          (abstract no. M.A.1033).
 ENTRY MONTH              9304
 LAST REVISION DATE       960403
 

SOURCE: National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.  Distributed by AEGIS.
