      Document 0018
 DOCN  DRG0018
 UNIQUE IDENTIFIER        DRG-0229
 NAME OF SUBSTANCE        Interleukin-10 [CHEMLINE]
 REGISTRY NUMBER          130068-27-8
 STANDARD CHEMICAL NAME   Cytokine formation-inhibiting factor (mouse
                          clone F115 protein moiety reduced [CHEMLINE]
 PROTOCOL ID NUMBERS      NIAID 95 I-125
 SECONDARY SOURCE ID      DRG
 PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION   MODE OF ACTION: Suppresses cytokine
                          production from macrophages and T cells;
                          also, exerts complex regulatory effects on
                          CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells, vascular
                          endothelial cells, and B lymphocytes. Levels
                          of IL-10 are elevated in HIV-infected
                          individuals, suggesting that this cytokine
                          may play a role in the suppression of T cell
                          and monocyte/macrophage function typical of
                          HIV disease. IL-10 has blocked HIV-induced
                          tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-6
                          secretion and inhibited HIV replication in
                          monocyte-derived macrophages. [AIDS Res Hum
                          Retroviruses 1994 Oct;10(10)] [J Clin Invest
                          1994 Feb;93(2)] [Blood 1994 Jun 15;83(12)]
 DISEASES STUDIED/TREATED Enhancement of immune response and inhibition
                          of tumor necrosis factor production in HIV
                          infection [NIAID 95 I-125]
 CLASSIFICATION CODE      Immunomodulator [CHEMLINE]
 CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL DATA   DRUG DESCRIPTION: Factor that is coregulator
                          of mast cell growth [CHEMLINE]
 CHEMICAL/PHYSICAL DATA   DRUG DESCRIPTION: It is produced by T-cells
                          and B-cells and shows extensive homology with
                          the Epstein-Barr virus BCRFI gene [CHEMLINE]
 SUBSTANCE DELIVERY DATA  MODE OF DELIVERY: Intravenous. [NIAID 95
                          I-125]
 MANUFACTURERS            National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
                          Diseases
 REFERENCES               Ludewig B, Gelderblom HR, Becker Y, Schafer
                          A, Pauli G. Transmission of HIV-1 from
                          productively infected mature Langerhans cells
                          to primary CD4+ T lymphocytes results in
                          altered T cell responses with enhanced
                          production of IFN-gamma and IL-10. Virology.
                          1996 Jan 1;215(1):51-60.
 REFERENCES               Finnegan A, Roebuck KA, Nakai BE, Gu DS,
                          Rabbi MF, Song S, Landay AL. IL-10 cooperates
                          with TNF-alpha to activate HIV-1 from
                          latently and acutely infected cells of
                          monocyte/macrophage lineage. J Immunol. 1996
                          Jan 15;156(2):841-51.
 REFERENCES               Huhn RD, Radwanski E, O'Connell SM, Sturgill
                          MG, Clarke L, Cody RP, Affrime MB, Cutler DL.
                          Pharmacokinetics and immunomodulatory
                          properties of intravenously administered
                          recombinant human interleukin-10 in healthy
                          volunteers. Blood 1996 Jan 15;87(2);699-705.
 REFERENCES               Estaquier J, Idziorek T, Zou W, Emilie D,
                          Farber CM, Bourez JM, Ameisen JC. T helper
                          type 1/T helper type 2 cytokines and T cell
                          death: preventive effect of interleukin 12 on
                          activation-induced and
                          CD95(FAS/APO-1)-mediated apoptosis of CD4+ T
                          cells from human immunodeficiency
                          virus-infected persons. J Exp Med. 1995 Dec
                          1;182(6):1759-67.
 REFERENCES               Katsikis PD, Cohen SB, Londei M, Feldmann M.
                          Are CD4+ Th 1 cells pro-inflammatory or
                          anti-inflammatory? the ratio of IL-10 to
                          IFN-gamma or IL-2 determines their function.
                          Int Immunol. 1995 Aug;7(8):1287-94.
 REFERENCES               Cohen SB. IL-10 and IL-3 synergize to cause
                          proliferation of human T cells.
                          Immunology;VOL 85,ISS 3,1995,P351-6.
 REFERENCES               Weissman D, Poli G, Fauci AS. Interleukin 10
                          blocks HIV replication in macrophages by
                          inhibiting the autocrine loop of tumor
                          necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6
                          induction of virus. AIDS Res Hum
                          Retroviruses. 1994 Oct;10(10):1199-206.
 REFERENCES               Clerici M, Wynn TA, Berzofsky JA, Blatt SP,
                          Hendrix CW, Sher A, Coffman RL, Shearer GM.
                          Role of interleukin-10 in T helper cell
                          dysfunction in asymptomatic individuals
                          infected with the human immunodeficiency
                          virus. J Clin Invest. 1994 Feb;93(2):768-75.
 ENTRY MONTH              9511
 LAST REVISION DATE       960424
 

SOURCE: National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.  Distributed by AEGIS.
