Archive-name: motif-faq/part1
Last-modified: JULY 14, 1996
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Organization: Century Computing, Inc. <URL: http://www.cen.com/>
Version: 5.3



Subject:	Motif FAQ (all parts)
Newsgroups:	comp.windows.x.motif,comp.answers,news.answers
Reply-To:	ksall@cen.com (Ken Sall)
Summary:	Motif Frequently Asked Questions (with answers).
Posting-Freq.:	changed monthly (re-posted every 7 days to comp.windows.x.motif)
Organization:	Century Computing, Inc. <URL: http://www.cen.com/>

Motif FAQ

[Last changed: 14 JULY 96]

This article contains the answers to some Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 
often seen in comp.windows.x.motif. It is posted to help reduce volume in 
this newsgroup and to provide hard-to-find information of general interest.
This article includes answers to the questions listed below. Key:

                + questions NEW to this issue;
                * CHANGES since last issue.

This FAQ is maintained by Ken Sall (ksall@cen.com) of Century Computing, Inc.  

      http://www.cen.com/

You can obtain the most recent version of this FAQ via anonymous ftp from
a server which will seldom refuse you access. Try any of these URLs:

      ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ     or
      ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ.gz  or
      ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ.Z

Note: See "Can I receive email notification when the Motif FAQ is updated?"

[For the un-Webified amongst you, try anonymous ftp from ftp.cen.com,
and get the file /pub/Motif-FAQ, etc.]

I also maintain a WWW page called "MW3: Motif on the World Wide Web" at:

      http://www.cen.com/mw3/

For an overview of MW3, see the subject "Is there a central location for 
Motif information on the WWW?"

Send FAQ and MW3 updates and corrections to ksall@cen.com.  It would help if 
the subject line contained the phrase "For Motif FAQ".  (Questions without
answers will be typically be ignored.)

Web'sters: There are several locations of HTML versions of the Motif FAQ
and related FAQs of interest: (updated July 14, 1996)

      http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/motif-faq/.html   or:
      http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-bng/comp.windows.x.motif.html
      Utrecht University, the Netherlands: Motif FAQ

      http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-bng/comp.windows.x.intrinsics.html
      Utrecht University: Xt Intrinsics FAQ

      http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/x-faq/.html
      Utrecht University: X Window System FAQ (X11 FAQ)

      http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-bng/comp.windows.x.html
      Utrecht University: all comp.windows.x.* FAQs

      http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-bng/comp.html
      Utrecht University: all computer FAQs (comp.*)

      http://www.cs.ruu.nl/cgi-bin/faqwais
      Utrecht University, the Netherlands: Search all FAQs at once!
      This is particularly useful since it's possible the answer you're 
      looking for is in another FAQ (X, Xt, Widgets FAQ, Xapps, etc.)

      http://www.lib.ox.ac.uk/internet/news/faq/comp.windows.x.motif.html
      Oxford University's Libraries Automation Service: Motif FAQ

      http://www.lib.ox.ac.uk/internet/news/faq/by_group.comp.html
      Oxford University's LAS: FAQs for all of the comp.* newsgroups

      http://www.lib.ox.ac.uk/internet/news/faq/by_group.comp.windows.x.html
      Oxford University's LAS: FAQs for all of the comp.windows.x.* newsgroups

      http://www.lib.ox.ac.uk/search/search_faqs.html
      Search Oxford University's FAQ collection

      http://src.doc.ic.ac.uk/usenet/usenet-by-hierarchy/comp/windows/x/motif
      SUNSite Northern Europe

The next two sources have been _completely unreliable_ in recent months.
At best, they will lead you to out-dated versions of the FAQ. Their use
is discouraged; they are retained in the hopes that someday they will be
fixed. Email from myself and many other FAQ maintainers has not been
successful in this regard. A current thread in the FAQ maintainers mailing
list concerns the possiblity of maintaining our own HTML launching point
for all FAQs, possibly sponsored by O'Reilly and Associates. Stay tuned 
for future developments!

      TBD://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/motif-faq/top.html
      Ohio State U's automatically generated version (may not be current)

      TBD://www.smartpages.com/bngfaqs/comp/windows/x/motif/top.html
      Tom Fine's Internet Answers Collection (may not be current)

All are searchable except Ohio State's. Thanks to fellow FAQ maintainer
Nancy McGough of Infinite Ink (http://www.jazzie.com/ii/) for adding to my list.

[Note that I do not control any of these HTML versions; they are created from
the ASCII version which I post to comp.windows.x.motif and news.answers.]

*** SUN READERS ***
The Motif FAQ is now included in a different HTML format with Java applets 
on the premiere issue of the SunSoft Developer CD-ROM. 

*** CAVEAT ***

If an answer does not have a "Last modified" date, it's possible the 
information may no longer be accurate. Modification dates go back to 
August 1992.  More than half the answers have such a modification date. 
Note also that the older the "Last modified" date, the more likely 
the information may be suspect. Pay close attention to version 
information discussed in answers, since the information may pertain 
only to that specific release.

In some cases, I've repeated information in different contexts to make
these details a bit easier to find.


This posting is copyright (c) 1996 by Kenneth B. Sall of Century Computing, Inc.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Permission is hereby granted to read and distribute this 
posting for non-commercial purposes.  Permission to use this material for any 
other purpose must first be obtained in writing from the author.


 0)  TOPIC: SUBMITTING SUGGESTIONS, CORRECTIONS, NEW ANSWERS
 1)  TOPIC: WHAT IS MOTIF?
 2)  What is Motif and how does it relate  to  the  X  Toolkit  and  X  Window
System?
 3)  TOPIC: OTHER RELEVANT NEWSGROUPS
 4)  TOPIC: FAQ and NEWSGROUP FTP ARCHIVES
 5)* Is the FAQ available via FTP?
 6)  Can I receive email notification when the Motif FAQ is updated?
 7)* Is this FAQ accessible via WWW?
 8)  What is an URL? Are "ftp://", "http://", and "gopher://" typos?
 9)  Where can I find other FAQs related to Motif or X11?
10)  Is this newsgroup accessible via email?
11)  Is this newsgroup archived?
12)  Is the mail list motif-talk archived?
13)  TOPIC: OSF, MOTIF VERSIONS, CDE, COSE, DCE, The OPEN GROUP
14)  How can I contact OSF?
15)  Where can I find OSF press releases on Motif and DCE?
16)  What versions of Motif are there?
17)  How can I find which version of Motif I have? Xlib or Xt version?
18)  Is there a concise features list for Motif 2.0?
19)  What are the details about new features in Motif 2.0?
20)  Where can I find Motif 2.0 documentation?
21)  I want to use C++ with Motif. Where can I find C++ examples?
22)  Is Motif 2.0 backward compatible with Motif 1.2?
23)+ How compatible are Motif 1.2.* and X11R6?
24)+ Why aren't the big UNIX vendors shipping Motif 2.0?
25)  Where can I get Motif? And where can I get Motif for Linux?
26)  Is there a list of Motif bugs?
27)  Where can I get a Motif 1.2 Certification Checklist?
28)  What is CDE? What is COSE and how does it relate to Motif?
29)  Is there a CDE FAQ or newsgroup?
30)  What is the current version of CDE and what are its features?
31)  How does Motif relate to X/Open and CDE?
32)  What is The Open Group?
33)+ Is The Open Group assuming responsibility for the X Window System?
34)  Will CDE and Motif converge? What is the CDE/Motif JDA?
35)  How can I access OSF RFCs (Request For Comments)?
36)  What is PST?
37)  Does OSF's PST process impact CDE evolution?
38)  Because of COSE, is Motif now in the public domain?
39)  What is DCE?
40)  What is the current version of DCE?
41)  What is WebWare? DCE Web? WebMail? Ariadne? OreO? Group Server?
42)  What is Unified Login with PAM?
43)  Where can I get public domain Motif source?
44)  Are Motif code examples publically available?
45)  Has anyone done a public domain Motif lookalike?
46)  Does anyone from OSF pay attention to our questions/suggestions?
47)  Does OSF have an application compliance validation service?
48)  What is the motif-talk mailing list?
49)  What MIT patches do I use, and when do I use fix-osf?
50)  How does Motif work with X11R5?
51)  TOPIC: X and MOTIF on the WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
52)* Is there a central location for Motif information on the WWW?
53)  Where can I find X technical info on the WWW?
54)* What is Broadway?  I've heard it called "X on the Web".
55)  Where's an HTML version of the Motif FAQ on World Wide Web (WWW)?
56)  What are other interesting WWW URLs which are related to Motif?
57)  Which X and Motif developers have their own home page URLs?
58)  Where can I get the HTML widget used in Mosaic?
59)  TOPIC: BOOKS and JOURNALS
60)  Is there a bibliography available?
61)  Is there a Motif tutorial?
62)  What books are available for Motif programmers?
63)  Which Xt and X books would also be helpful?
64)  Are there books for X11R6 yet?
65)  What relevant journals are available?
66)  Is there a Motif book for shell programming, such as ksh (kornshell)?
67)  TOPIC: MWM and the SHELL WIDGET
68)  What is the difference between Motif and mwm?
69)  Does anyone have an alternative set of  3-D  defaults  for  a  monochrome
screen?
70)  What are some useful mwm resources I can control?
71)  How can I configure mwm, such as changing or adding to root menus?
72)  How can I modify the Motif window manager decorations?
73)  Is there an ICCCM compliant way of setting window manager decorations?
74)  How can I put decorations on transient windows using olwm?
75)  How can I turn off the Motif window manager  functions  from  the  system
menu?
76)  How can I create a multi-colored window manager icon?
77)  How can I keep my shell windows fixed in size?
78)  Why is XtGetValues of XmNx and XmNy of my toplevel shell wrong?
79)  How do I get XmNx and XmNy positions to be honored correctly?
80)  How can my application know when the user has quit Mwm?
81)  How can I tell if the user has selected "Close" from the system menu? How
do I catch the "Close"?
82)  Is there an mwm virtual desktop manager?
83)  Why does mwm 1.2 crash on startup?
84)  How do I obtain the size of a unmanaged shell widget?
85)  How can I create a shell widget with a non-default visual type?
86)  Why do I get BadMatch errors from my  menus  when  I  use  a  non-default
visual type for my application shell?
87)  How do I popup a scrolled list on top of other widgets?
88)  TOPIC: MOTIF DEVELOPMENT TOOLS (GUI BUILDERS and UIMS's)
89)* What GUI tools exist to assist in developing Motif applications?
90)  TOPIC: GEOMETRY MANAGEMENT
91)  Why is geometry management so important?
92)  What are good references for reading about geometry management?
93)  Why don't my labels resize in a RowColumn widget?
94)  Why do dialogs appear smaller under 1.2.3 and later?
95)  How does the ScrolledWindow manage resizing?
96)  Does the XmPanedWindow widget support horizontal paning?
97)  TOPIC: TEXT WIDGET
98)  How do XmTextField and a single line XmText widget differ?
99)  Why does  pressing RETURN in a text widget do nothing?
100)  When I add text to a scrolling text widget, how can I get the  new  text
to show?
101)  How do I scroll text to display the most recently added information?
102)  Does the text widget support 16 bit character fonts?
103)  How can I stop the text widget from echoing characters typed?
104)  How can I replace characters typed with say a `*'?
105)  How can I best add a large piece of text to a scrolled text widget?
106)  How can I highlight text in the Text widget?
107)  How can I select all of the text in a widget programmatically?
108)  How can I change colours of text in the Text widget?
109)  How can I change the font of text in the Text widget?
110)  Is there an emacs binding for the text widget?
111)  What if I have problems with the backspace/delete keys?
112)  How can I use a file as the text source for a Text widget?
113)  How can put Text in overstrike mode instead of insert?
114)  How can I make the Delete key do a Backspace?
115)  Can I change the tab stops in the XmText widget?
116)  TOPIC: LIST WIDGET
117)   Should  I  create  an  XmList  widget   as   a   child   of   automatic
XmScrolledWindow or use the XmCreateScrolledList() convenience function?
118)  How do I best put a new set of items into a list?
119)  Can I have strings with different fonts in a list?
120)  Can I get a bitmap to show in a list item like I can in a Label?
121)  Can I have items with different colors in a list?
122)  How can I line up columns in a list?
123)  Can I grey out an item in a list?
124)  Can I have multi-line items in a list?
125)  How can I tell the position of selected items in a list?
126)  TOPIC: FILE SELECTION BOX WIDGET
127)  What is libPW.a and do I need it?
128)  What are these compile errors: Undefined symbol _regcmp and _regex?
129)  What's wrong with the Motif 1.0 File Selection Box?
130)  What's wrong with the FileSelectionBox under Solaris?
131)  TOPIC: FORM WIDGET
132)  Why don't labels in a Form resize when the label is changed?
133)  How can I center a widget in a form?
134)  How do I line up two columns of widgets of different types?
135)  TOPIC: PUSHBUTTON WIDGET
136)  Why can't I use accelerators on buttons not in a menu?
137)  TOPIC: ICON WIDGET and PIXMAPS
138)  How can I add multi-colored icons to my application?
139)  Can I use XmGetPixmap in Motif 1.2 to create colored images?
140)  Why does XpmCreatePixmapFromData fail with a pixmap containing  a  large
number of colors?
141)  How can I convert a Sun/GIF/TIFF image to a pixmap?
142)  TOPIC: SCALE WIDGET
143)  Can the XmScale widget have arrows or tick marks in Motif 2.0?
144)  How can I set the color of a XmScale widget's trough?
145)  TOPIC: LABEL WIDGET
146)  How can I align the text in a label (button, etc) widget?
147)  Why doesn't label alignment work in a RowColumn?
148)  How can I set a multiline label?
149)  How can I have a vertical label?
150)  How can I have a Pixmap in a Label?
151)  Why doesn't the XmLabel widget obey the XmNwith  and  XmNheight  that  I
give it?
152)+  How  do  you  set  the  background  color  of  a  label  widget   using
XtVaTypedArg?
153)  TOPIC: DRAWING AREA WIDGET
154)  How can I send an expose event to a Drawing Area widget?
155)  How can I know when a DrawingArea has been resized?
156)  How can I create a drawing area widget with a non-default visual type?
157)  How can I display postscript in a Motif widget, such as XmDrawingArea?
158)  TOPIC: MAIN WINDOW WIDGET
159)  How can I create a message window in an XmMainWindow?
160)  TOPIC: SCROLLED WINDOW WIDGET
161)  How do I tell if a scrolled window's scrollbars are visible?
162)  How can I programatically scroll a XmScrolledWindow in XmAUTOMATIC mode?
163)  What widget does the XmScrolledWindow use for its clip window?
164)  How do I create a scrolled window with only one scrollbar?
165)  TOPIC: MENUS
166)  How can I change the cursor used in Motif menus?
167)  How do I put my help menu on the far right of my menubar?
168)  How do I set the current choice in a radio box or an option menu?
169)  How do I  make  a  menu  choice  insensitive  if  it  was  created  with
XmVaCreateSimplePulldownMenu?
170)  What can I put inside a menubar?
171)  Can I have a cascade button without a submenu in a pulldown menu?
172)  Should I have a cascade button without a submenu in a pulldown menu?
173)  What is the best way to create popup menus?
174)  How do popup menus work?
175)  Should I use translation tables or actions for popup menus?
176)  What are the known bugs in popup menus?
177)* Can I have multiple popup menus on the same widget?
178)  How can I change the shell title of a tear-off menu?
179)+ What widgets are valid within Motif menus?
180)  TOPIC: DRAG AND DROP
181)  Is there a drag-and-drop tutorial on the net?
182)  Where can I find info and examples of the Motif drag and drop protocol?
183)  How can I disable Drag and Drop in my Motif 1.2 client ?
184)  Can I register client data for the Motif XmDropSite drop callback?
185)  TOPIC: INPUT FOCUS
186)  How can I specify the widget that should have the keyboard focus when my
application starts up?
187)  How can I determine which widget has keyboard focus?
188)  How can I direct the keyboard input to a particular widget?
189)  How can I have a modal dialog  which  has  to  be  answered  before  the
application can continue?
190)  TOPIC: MEMORY AND SPEED
191)  When can I free data structures passed to or retrieved from Motif?
192)* What memory leaks are known? Why does my application grow in size?
193)+ Why do I get so many uninitilized memory read (UMR) errors  when  I  run
Purify[tm] on my Motif programs?
194)  Why does my application take a long time to start up?
195)  My application is running too slowly. How can I speed it up?
196)  Why is my application so huge?
197)  How can I improve performance when creating  and  deleting  hundreds  of
text widgets?
198)  TOPIC: XMSTRING
199)  What string functions differ in Motif 1.1 and 1.2?
200)  How can I get the Ascii text out of an XmString?
201)  When can XmStrings used as resources be freed?
202)  Why doesn't XmStringGetNextSegment() work properly?
203)  Why does using XmStringDraw cause a Bad Font error?
204)  How can I control color of individual strings to show status, etc.?
205)  TOPIC: DIALOGS
206)  How do I stop my dialog disappearing when I press the help button?
207)  How do I make my own dialog?
208)  Why do dialog title bars have "_popup" or  "<-popup"  concatenated  onto
the widget name?
209)  How can I force a dialog window to display?
210)  How can I control placement of a popup widget?
211)  How can I set the dialog's default button?
212)  How can I create  a  dialog  that  behaves  like,  but  looks  a  little
different from, XmMessageBox?
213)  How can I use Motif's message dialog bitmaps in my own dialogs?
214)  TOPIC: LANGUAGE BINDINGS
215)  What is ViewKit?
216)  Is there a C++ binding for Motif?
217)  How can I avoid C++ String class and typedef char *String conflicts?
218)  How can I have a C++ member function in a callback?
219)  Is there a Common Lisp binding for Motif?
220)  Is there an Ada binding for Motif? (Part 1 of 2)
221)  Is there an Ada binding for Motif? (Part 2 of 2)
222)  Is there a Poplog binding for Motif?
223)  TOPIC: SPECIFIC PLATFORMS
224)  Is it easy to build Motif for a Sun?
225)  How do I build Motif 1.2.2 on Solaris 2.1 with Sun C?
226)  What compile errors/warnings might I get in both Sun 3 and Sun 4?
227)  On a Sun 3, what are the mwm startup error messages about?
228)  Are there problems making shared libraries on a Sun?
229)  Why does the OpenWindows server hangs when I popup a menu with Button 3?
230)  Has anyone made shared libraries on an IBM RS/6000?
231)  What is the error  "Unaligned access in XmString" under Ultrix?
232)  Can bugs in Sun's OpenWindows server cause Motif clients to crash?
233)  Why does Motif on Linux crash when I open a file selection box?
234)  How can I install Motif on my PC?
235)  TOPIC: KEYSYMS
236)  What is causing the messages "unknown keysym osfDown..."?
237)  What happens if I can't install Motif Keysyms?
238)  Why has OSF introduced Keysyms into Motif 1.1?
239)  Why do accented characters not work with Motif applications linked  with
X11R6? What is the Compose file?
240)  TOPIC: UIL
241)  What is UIL and why is it so popular?
242)  What is Mrm?
243)  How do I specify a search path for ".uid" files?
244)  Can I specify callback functions in resource files?
245)  How can I set a multiline label in UIL?
246)  Is there a program that can convert a UIL file to tclMotif?
247)  Why does my SCO UIL application fail to open 60 UID files?
248)  TOPIC: ICONIFICATION and DE-ICONIFICATION
249)  How can I keep track of changes to iconic/normal window state?
250)  How can I check if my application has come up iconic?
251)  How can I start my application in iconic state?
252)  How can an application iconify itself?
253)  How can an application de-iconify itself?
254)  Why doesn't MWM display an iconify button on my dialog windows?
255)  TOPIC: SPECIALIZED WIDGETS
256)  Where can I get a Table widget? Matrix widget? Spreadsheet widget?
257)  Where can I get a bar graph widget?
258)  Is there a graph widget in which you can add vertices and edges and  get
automatic updating?
259)* Is there a help system or Motif hypertext system available?
260)  Is there a canvas widget or drawing widget for graphical display?
261)  How can I create a transparent widget?
262)  TOPIC: CREATING WIDGETS
263)   What  are  some  good  references  for  creating  widgets  (subclassing
widgets)?
264)+ How can I achieve binary  compatibility  using  the  XmResolvePartOffset
API?
265)  TOPIC: MISCELLANEOUS
266)  How can an application be informed of signals?
267)  How do I control the repeat rate on a SUN keyboard?
268)  How can I identify the children of a manager widget?
269)  What functions can an application use to change the size or position  of
a widget?
270)  What widgets give the look of  push  buttons,  but  behavior  of  toggle
buttons?
271)   Can  I   use   XtAddTimeOut,   XtAddWorkProc,   and   XtAddInput   with
XtAppMainLoop?
272)  Why does XtGetValues  for  XmNx  and  XmNwidth  return  extremely  large
values?
273)  Can I use XmGetPixmap() with widgets that have non-default visual types?
274)  How can I determine the item selected in a option menu or a RadioBox?
275)  What is the matter with Frame in Motif 1.2?
276)* What is IMUG and how do I join it?
277)  How do I set the title of a top level window?
278)  Can I use editres with Motif? Is there an editres tutorial?
279)  Where is the editres protocol documented?
280)  Why does an augment translation  appear  to  act  as  replace  for  some
widgets?
281)  How do you "grey" out a widget so that it cannot be activated?
282)  Why doesn't the Help callback work on some widgets?
283)  How can I implement "bubble help" with Motif?
284)  Can I specify a widget in a resource file?
285)  Why are only some of my translations are being installed?
286)  Where can I get the PanHandler code?
287)  What are these passive grab warnings?
288)  How do I have more buttons than three in a MessageBox?
289)  How do I create a "busy working cursor"?
290)  Can I use the hourglass that mwm uses?
291)  What order should the libraries be linked in?
292)* How do I use xmkmf for Motif clients?
293)+ How do I use imake with Motif 2.0?
294)  How do I make context sensitive help?
295)  How do I debug a modal interaction?
296)  Why can't I install my own colormap using XInstallColormap?
297)  How do I install a private colormap?
298)  How do I get correct shadow colors to match other color changes?
299)  What color algorithm does Motif use?
300)  How can you access the superclass widget from  which  Motif  convenience
dialogs are subclassed?
301)  Can the Notebook widget display non-rectangular "file tabs"?
302)  How does the clipboard mechanism work?
303)  Why does the xyz application core dump when I cut and paste?
304)  Why is XtWindow(widget) == 0?
305)  Why doesn't XtNameToWidget (widget, "MyName") work?
306)  Why does my structure  contain  incorrect  data  when  the  callback  is
called?
307)  How can an application manage events on multiple displays?
308)  Why do I get "Error: attempt to add non-widget child "dsm" to parent"?
309)  Why do I get link errors about "XShape" symbols?
310)  Why does my X11R6 program crash with undefined symbol "LowerCase"?
311)  How do I programatically control xwd to dump a specific window?
312)  How can I display an xwd in a window (without using xwud)?
313)  Can I write a multi-threaded Motif application?
314)  How can I dump my widget instance  tree  in  a  way  that  reflects  the
hierarchy?
315)  How do I convert my xpm file into a Pixmap?
316)  How can I display a gif/jpeg/tiff picture in a widget?
317)* How do I get the events for gadgets? Or the name of the gadget?
318)  Where can I get the xmon or xscope programs to trace my X protocol?
319)  What does the error "Couldn't find per display information" mean?
320)  Can I set widget fallback resources after I've called XtAppInitialize()?
321)  Can I use the '\\n' newline character in widget names?
322)  Is anybody out there selling Windows95 look-alike widgets?
323)  How do I unset an XmToggleButton in a radio bank?
324)+ How can I convert my OLIT programs to the Motif look & feel?
325)+ Where can I obtain X and Motif applications?
326)+  What  does  this  mean:  Warning:  Cannot   find   callback   list   in
XtAddCallback?
327)  TOPIC: HISTORY and ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  0)  TOPIC: SUBMITTING SUGGESTIONS, CORRECTIONS, NEW ANSWERS

[Last modified: Jan 96]

Answer:  Are you posting articles to comp.windows.x.motif and expecting them
to be added to the Motif FAQ? If so, please note that I no longer read the
newsgroup on a regular basis. If you want to add to the FAQ, here's the
procedure....

If you have suggestions or corrections for any of these answers or any
additional information, please send them to the e-mail address below.  The
information will be included in the next revision or two.

        o Send updates, suggestions, corrections, new answers to:

                        ksall@cen.com   (Ken Sall)
                        Century Computing. Inc.
                        http://www.cen.com/

          (In general, if you want your info in next month's FAQ,
          send it at least a week before the end of the month.)

        o _Please_ put "For Motif FAQ" in the Subject line!
          (This is the best way to catch my attention. Really.)

        o Submissions should be of general interest.

        o Please include answers with questions.

        o If you _do not_ want your name or email address listed
          in the FAQ, explicitly state this.

NOTE TO BUSINESSES:  Please send your announcements/updates/corrections in a
brief, ready-to-include form. I'd rather not spend alot of time editing the
information.


This posting is intended to be distributed at approximately the beginning of
each month.

The information contained herein has been gathered from a variety of sources.
In many cases attribution has been lost; if you would like to claim
responsibility for a particular item, please let us know.


Conventions used: telephone numbers tend to be Bell-system unless otherwise
noted; prices on items are not included.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  1)  TOPIC: WHAT IS MOTIF?

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  2)  What is Motif and how does it relate to the X Toolkit and X
Window System?


[Last modified: Feb 95]

Answer:

Motif is a widely-accepted set of user interface guidelines developed by the
Open Software Foundation (OSF) around 1989 which specifies how an X Window
System application should "look and feel". OSF/Motif, as it's more formally
called, includes the Motif Toolkit (also called "Xm" or the "Motif widgets"),
which enforce a policy on top of the X Toolkit Intrinsics ("Xt"). Xt is really
a "mechanism not policy" layer, and Xm provides the specific "look and feel".
For example, Xt does not insist that windows have titlebars or menus, but it
provides hooks for developers of specific toolkits (Motif, OpenLook, Athena
widgets) to take advantage of. In addition to widgets, OSF/Motif includes the
Motif Style Guide document (as well as several others listed in my FAQ) which
details how a Motif user interface should look and behave to be "Motif
compliant".

The X Toolkit Intrinsics are built upon the lowest programming level API
called "Xlib" (X library). Both Xlib and Xt are specified by the X Consortium
(formerly called the MIT X Consortium), which you can reach at:
        http://www.x.org/ or:
        ftp to ftp.x.org

Xlib and Xt source code is free. Motif is not.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  3)  TOPIC: OTHER RELEVANT NEWSGROUPS

[Last modified: Aug 95]

Answer:  This newsgroup is "comp.windows.x.motif".  The WWW URL is:

        news:comp.windows.x.motif


The nearest related group is comp.windows.x.  It also maintains an FAQ, which
deals in all sorts of X, Xlib and Xt questions. Look there for answers to
questions such as "How do I get a screendump of my application?", "where do I
get X11R4,X11R5, X11R6", etc.  The URLs for other groups which may have
relevant information are:

           news:comp.windows.*
                news:comp.windows.garnet
                news:comp.windows.interviews
                news:comp.windows.misc
                news:comp.windows.news
                news:comp.windows.open-look
                news:comp.windows.suit
                news:comp.windows.ui-builders.uimx

                news:comp.windows.x.*
                      news:comp.windows.x
                      news:comp.windows.x.announce
                      news:comp.windows.x.apps
                      news:comp.windows.x.i386unix
                      news:comp.windows.x.intrinsics
                      news:comp.windows.x.motif
                      news:comp.windows.x.pex

           news:alt.windows.cde


Most of the above newsgroups have their own FAQs.

The newsgroup news.answers contains *lots* of FAQs (including this one).  Look
there for lots of info on everything.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  4)  TOPIC: FAQ and NEWSGROUP FTP ARCHIVES

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  5)* Is the FAQ available via FTP?

[Last modified: July 96]

Answer:

The Motif FAQ is available as a large single file from Century Computing,
Inc.:

        ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ
        ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ.Z
        ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ.gz


A number of FAQ's (including this one) are available via anonymous ftp at
rtfm.mit.edu under the directory pub/usenet.

The Motif FAQ is available in 9 parts via anonymous ftp in any of the
following directories at rtfm.mit.edu:

        /pub/usenet-by-group/comp.windows.x.motif
        /pub/usenet-by-group/comp.answers/motif-faq
        /pub/usenet-by-group/news.answers/motif-faq


There is also a mail server called mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu.  To retrieve a
file send mail to the server with a subject or body similar to

        send usenet/comp.windows.x.motif/Motif_FAQ_(Part_1_of_9).Z


The Motif FAQ is also available via anonymous ftp as a single file:

        /contrib/faqs/Motif-FAQ from ftp.x.org.


(See also "Is this FAQ accessible via WWW?")

The FAQ is also accessible from WAIS (Wide Area Information System) under UC-
Motif-FAQ, allowing keyword-based searches of the FAQ.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  6)  Can I receive email notification when the Motif FAQ is updated?

[Last modified: Sept 95]

Answer:  Yes! Simply follow this link to "The URL-minder: Your Own Personal
Web Robot!"

        http://www.netmind.com/URL-minder/URL-minder.html

and register the following ftp URL:

        ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ

This wonderful free service is brought to you by Netmind at:

        http://www.netmind.com/

Note that there's nothing special about the Motif FAQ as far as URL-minder is
concerned. You can register _any_ FAQ and more generally any HTTP, FTP, or
GOPHER URL with this service! Such a deal!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  7)* Is this FAQ accessible via WWW?

[Last modified: July 96]

PLEASE NOTE:  A more complete list of URLs for accessing this FAQ, especially
HTML versions, appears both in the Introduction to Part 1 of the Motif FAQ:

        http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/motif-faq/part1.html

and in "MW3: Motif on the World Wide Web":

        http://www.cen.com/mw3/#the-faqs

You are strongly discouraged from obtaining this FAQ from Ohio State
University since their archive is (at best) out of date.

Answer:  The Motif FAQ is available as a single file via the World Wide Web
URL:

        ftp://ftp.cen.com/pub/Motif-FAQ (also as .Z and .gz)

and also from the much busier MIT site:

        ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/faqs/Motif-FAQ

and also:

        ftp://ftp.germany.eu.net/pub/X11/XConsortium/contrib/faqs/Motif-FAQ

and as 9 separate parts as:

        ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/comp.windows.x.motif/Motif_FAQ_(Part_n_of_9)
        ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/comp.answers/motif-faq/part[1-9]
        ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.answers/motif-faq/part[1-9]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  8)  What is an URL? Are "ftp://", "http://", and "gopher://" typos?

[Last modified: Oct 94]

Answer:  No, they are not typos.  All location references in this FAQ are
slowly being replaced with WWW (World Wide Web) URLs (Uniform Resource
Locator). Basically, an URL is a unique location of a Web resource (directory,
file, image, host, etc.). If you want to read more about URL's, get the
PostScript paper from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu:

        Mosaic/mosaic-papers/getting-started.ps

If you don't know how to access the Web, you can still access locations via
anonymous ftp by dropping the "ftp://" protocol portion and interpreting the
next section as the domain name. For example, for an URL of

        ftp://any.old.place/dirname/filename

connect via anonymous ftp to any.old.place and get /dirname/filename.

Similarly, if the location begins "gopher://", drop the protocol portion,
telnet to the host and login as "gopher".

If the location in this FAQ begins with "http://" and you aren't a Web user,
simply ignore the reference. Or, you could check out the WWW FAQ (2 or more
parts) from rtfm.mit.edu directory:

         /pub/usenet/news.answers/www/faq

(URL: ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/www/faq )

Why are URLs being used? For those who regularly access the Web (via browsers
such as Mosaic, WinWeb, Chimera, Lynx, W3, tkWWW, etc.), this notation greatly
facilitates access to the cited documents/directories/files. And, for this FAQ
maintainer, URLs make it easier to verify whether the pointer is still
accurate! Instead of typing:

        ftp any.old.place
        logging in as anonymous
        entering my email address
        cd /dirname
        get filename

I can simply use the "Open URL" feature of my browser and paste
"ftp://any.old.place/dirname/filename" in one step. 'Nuff said!

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:  9)  Where can I find other FAQs related to Motif or X11?

[Last modified: Sept 95]

Answer:  Check out the directory /contrib/faqs on ftp.x.org. As of August,
1994, these FAQs were available:


     FAQ                - X11 FAQ
     FAQ-X11Games.doc.gz- high priority research projects ;-)
     FAQ-Xt             - X Toolkit
     Intel-Unix-X-faq.Z - Intel-specific information
     Motif-FAQ          - this FAQ
     Widget.FAQ         - useful list of available widgets (John L. Cwikla)
     X11R6-on-SUN-FAQ   - Sun-specific X11R6 info
     speedup-x-faq      - how to maximize the performance of X
     x-faq-multipart/   - directory of X FAQ in pieces
     xapps-faq.Z        - X applications


Web'sters can check out the directory URL: ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/faqs/
Grab the X FAQ, the Xt FAQ, and the Widget FAQ:

     ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/faqs/FAQ
     ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/faqs/FAQ-Xt
     ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/faqs/Widget.FAQ


There is also a COSE and CDE FAQ at:

     http://proper.com:70/0/faqs-link/common-faqs/faqs/cde-cose-faq

*** However, since ftp.x.org frequently denies access due to its heavy load,
you should consider looking for X and Motif FAQs at the URLs listed in the
Introduction to Part 1 of this FAQ.

A very complete list of URLs which point to X and Motif related FAQs can be
found at:

     http://www.cen.com/mw3/#the-faqs
     part of "MW3: Motif on the World Wide Web"

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 10)  Is this newsgroup accessible via email?

[Last modified: Nov 94]

Answer:  The email link, formerly maintained by Brian Dealy (via motif-
request@lobo.gsfc.nasa.gov), is no longer being attended.  You cannot be added
to the list at this time.  The mailing list address is no longer valid.


        NOTE: As of October 31, 1994, Brian was seeking a new maintainer for
        the mail reflector for people without access to comp.windows.x.motif.
        If interested, email him at his new address: bdealy@c3i.saic.com.


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 11)  Is this newsgroup archived?

[Last modified: Apr 95]

Answer:  The newsgroup files from August 1991 through December 1994 are
available from csc.canberra.edu.au (137.92.1.1) by anonymous ftp.  They are in
the directory /pub/motif/comp.windows.x.motif :

        ftp://csc.canberra.edu.au/pub/motif/comp.windows.x.motif

These files are also accessible from WAIS (Wide Area Information System) under
comp.windows.x.motif, allowing keyword-based searches of the newsgroup
articles (this time on machine services.canberra.edu.au (137.92.1.12)).

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 12)  Is the mail list motif-talk archived?

Answer:  If you have purchased support from OSF then you have access to their
archive server for motif-talk.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 13)  TOPIC: OSF, MOTIF VERSIONS, CDE, COSE, DCE, The OPEN GROUP

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 14)  How can I contact OSF?

[Last modified: June 95]

Answer:  Here are several contact points. Please note that OSF's Webmaster,
John Bowe, has informed me that the http://www.osf.org URL is correct for
accessing all OSF pages. Therefore, all OSF URLs in this FAQ and in "MW3:
Motif on the World Wide Web" (http://www.cen.com/mw3/) have been updated
accordingly.

        Licensing:      (617) 621-7300 or direct@osf.org

Technical Support:      (617) 621-8990 or motif-defect@osf.org

     Mailing List:      motif-talk@osf.org (requires Motif license)

Subscribe to List:      motif-talk-request@osf.org (ditto)

       Snail Mail:      OSF, 11 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142

   World Wide Web:      http://www.osf.org/


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 15)  Where can I find OSF press releases on Motif and DCE?

[Last modified: Mar 96]

Answer:  The OSF web page:

    http://www.osf.org/comm/press/

contains Motif and DCE press releases dating back to March, 1994.  You may
also want to see the press releases from The Open Group:

    http://www.osf.org/og/launch.html

ksall@cen.com

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 16)  What versions of Motif are there?

[Last modified: July 95]

Answer:  Motif 1.0 is based on the R3 toolkit.  There are patch releases to
1.0: 1.0.1, 1.0.A, 1.0.2 and 1.0.3, 1.0.4, 1.0.5. 1.0.A was a fairly major
patch, as it involved a complete re-engineering of UIL and Mrm.  Almost
everyone who has 1.0.x has either 1.0.A or 1.0.3.

Motif 1.1 is based on the R4 toolkit.  The intial version was Motif 1.1.0.
Motif 1.1.1 has been released as a patch to licensees with Full Support or
Technical Update service.  Motif 1.1.2 is a patch release which contains the
necessary changes to fix over 80 bugs reported against Motif. It is available
to support contract holders (including both full support and update service).
The 1.1.3 release fixed a further 150 bugs and was available from August 1991
to support contract holders (including both full support and update service).
1.1.4 offers X11R5 support, but is not an X11R5 product.  1.1.5 was released
in June 92 to licensees who hold a Motif Full Support or Update Support
contract

Motif 1.2.0 was released in April 1992 and is based on the X11R5 toolkit.  It
offers increased compatibility with international standards,  PC-style
behavior and binary compatibility with OSF/Motif 1.1 applications.  New
features include drag-and-drop, tear- off menus, toolkit enhancements and new
documentation.  toolkit.  The code is totally ANSI C.  OSF distributes a 10
pages sheet entitled "OSF/Motif R1.1 to R1.2: detailed overview of changes",
which is available from OSF Motif direct channels.  (617-621-7300 or email
direct@osf.org)

Motif 1.2.1 was released September 92.  Due to an optimisation from 1.2.0 to
1.2.1 object code compiled under 1.2.1 (that is, using 1.2.1 header files)
will not link with 1.2.0 libraries (and, very probably, clients that use
shared libraries and are linked against 1.2.1 won't startup against 1.2).

Motif 1.2.2 was released March 93.  This release contains over 250 bug fixes,
improved text, drag-and-drop features and has less than one reported defect
per 1000 lines of code.

from dbrooks@osf.org Motif 1.2.3 was released on September 13, 1993.  The
defect density is measured at < 0.8 known reports per thousand lines.  In this
release, we have paid particular attention to memory leaks, and have improved
drag-and-drop performance greatly.

Motif 1.2.4 was released April '94.  from the OSF README:  This patch release
contains approximately 240 bug fixes for Motif 1.2. The number of CRs resolved
in this release is about 330....Apart from the 64-bit changes, all changes
made in this release are fixes for reported bugs.

Motif 2.0 was released in August '94.

For details, see the questions "Is there a concise features list for Motif
2.0?" and "What are the details about new features in Motif 2.0?"

Motif 1.2.5 was released June 15, 1995 ONLY to OSF Motif Support Licensees as
part of their maintenance agreement. Kristen Knott wrote:

 To: OSF.Motif.Support.Licensees:;@osf.org
 Cc: All.OSF.Motif.Licensees:;@osf.org
 Subject: OSF Motif Release 1.2.5 -- Generally Available by June 15, 1995
 Date: Mon, 05 Jun 1995 13:33:48 -0400
 From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>

Date:           31 May 1995
To:             OSF Motif Support Licensees
From:           The Open Software Foundation (OSF)

************************************************************
             OSF MOTIF SUPPORT ELECTRONIC UPDATE
************************************************************
An electronic mail news update for Motif Support Subscribers
from the Open Software Foundation (OSF)

OSF is pleased to announce the general availability of Release 1.2.5
of OSF Motif.  This maintenance release converges the OSF/Motif 1.2.4
source code with the Common Desktop Environment (CDE) 1.0 version of
Motif.  This release is available to OSF Motif Full Support licensees
as part of their maintenance agreement.

  "The Motif 1.2.5 maintenance release was necessary to move OSF/Motif and
CDE/Motif source licensees forward in compatibility," said Peter Shaw, Vice
President of Sales and Marketing of OSF.  "The convergence of the code was
done as a precursor to work planned for the CDE/Motif Pre-Structured
Technology (PST) proposal, recently approved by the OSF Board of Directors,
which will continue the evolution of desktop technologies necessary to meet
expanding user requirements."

  Highlights of the Motif 1.2.5 release include:

  -- Moving the OSF Motif 1.2.4 code base forward by providing defect
     fixes to OSF Motif 1.2.4 problems

  -- Verifying full backward and binary compatibility between the CDE
     and OSF version of Motif 1.2

  -- Running and passing the Motif Validation Test Suite (VTS) 1.1 on
     the following configurations, which are representative of the
     reference platforms for this release:

        -- HP 9000/720 running HP-UX 9.01, R5 server

        -- Intel 486 running OSF/1 1.2, MIT R5 server

        -- SPARCstation 2 running SunOS 4.1.2, R5 server

      OSF Motif 1.2.5 is 64 bit clean, using the DEC Alpha OSF/1 V. 1.3
      Rev. 111 as the test platform.

  OSF/Motif 1.2.5 will be available by June 15, 1995.  This release will
be available ONLY to OSF Motif Support Licensees as part of their maintenance
agreement.

For more information on the status of your OSF Motif Support license, please
contact OSF Direct:

                Telephone:      +1 617 621 7300
                E-mail:         direct@osf.org

OSF Motif Support licensees with electronic access to our OSF Software Support
Electronic Archives will be able to pick up the patch electronically through
our OSF Software Support Web pages at http://web2.osf.org:8001  In addition,
it will be available on other media (CD, tape, etc.) and distributed to all
OSF Motif Full Support licensees..


If you have questions or need help, please contact OSF Motif Software
Support:

                Telephone:      +1 617 621 8990
                E-mail:         motif-support-admin@osf.org
                Web Pages:      http://web2.osf.org:8001

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 17)  How can I find which version of Motif I have? Xlib or Xt
version?

[Last modified: Oct 95]

Answer:  The macro XmVERSION gives you the version number.  The macro
XmREVISION gives you the major revision number.  The macro XmVersion combines
these e.g. a value of 1002 is Motif 1.2.

To find the minor revision number is not easy. From Motif 1.1.3 onwards, try
this:

   'strings `which mwm` | grep OSF'.

to get the full version number e.g. 1.1.3.

In Motif 1.2, the macro XmUPDATE_LEVEL was added to give the minor revision
number (also known as the patch level).  In addition there was a macro string
added,  XmVERSION_STRING which has all the above info in a char string.

Also, grepping through the strings of libXm.a for OSF can also be useful.

Thanks to hops@x.co.uk Mike Hopkirk

Ken Lee, kenton@rahul.net, adds the following for determining the Xlib and Xt
version:

X11/Xlib.h should have macros like this:
#define XlibSpecificationRelease 6
meaning X11R6.

Similarly, X11/Intrinsic.h has this in X11R6:
#define XtSpecificationRelease 6

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 18)  Is there a concise features list for Motif 2.0?

[Last modified: Sept 94]

Answer:  (See the next question for a more detailed features list.)

The following list is the OSF documentation located at the WWW URL:
 http://www.osf.org/motif/list_features.html

"Complete list of 2.0 features"
 -----------------------------

New widgets

   ComboBox.
   Notebook.
   Container/IconGadget.
   SpinBox.
   CSText.

New features

   Thermometer Scale and tic marks.
   ScrollBar sliding/arrow and snapback modes.
   ScrolledWindow autoscroll and childType.
   Toggle indeterminate state and new visual.
   Colors in Gadgets.
   XmIm API for I18N.
   XmNlayoutDirection resource everywhere.
   Natural UnitType conversion syntax.
   XPM3 (colored icon) format support.
   The Uniform Transfer Model.
   General Rendition attributes in XmString (color, multiple fonts, etc)
   Several Display resources for CDE visual/behavior compatibility.
   New FileSelectionBox mode (again from CDE).
   Quick navigate in List.
   Oriented PanedWindow.
   Popup menus support.
   and much more...

Extensibility

   Traits.
   C++ foundry.
   Widget writer doc.
   Exm widget source examples.
   Xme API (useful _Xm).

Desktop

   Virtual MWM.
   Workspace Manager.
   TearOff menu in MWM.
   Client Command Interface.
   Colored icon pixmaps (from Xm).

Performance & Quality

   No known Memory Leaks.
   XmString sharing.
   XmList creation/setup speedup.
   GC usage improved.
   Malloc/free usage.
   Bitmap allowed for pixmap resources.
   XmManager no longer blindly selects for PointerMotion
   XmFileSelectionBox better stat cache.
   Broader use of Hash tables.
   Better link profile (Trait + remodularization).
   X11R6 unofficial support.
   Hundreds of bug fixes.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 19)  What are the details about new features in Motif 2.0?

[Last modified: Sept 94]

Answer:  (See the previous question for a more compact features list.)

        NOTE: This is a posting by Douglas Rand that was composed by
        one of the OSF business managers, Darrell Crow (crow@osf.org).
        Also, OSF maintains its own Motif 2.0 FAQ:
        http://www.osf.org/motif/MotifFAQ.html ...ksall@cen.com

 Date: 11 Jul 94 15:49:27 GMT
 From: uunet!ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU!agate!howland.reston.ans.net!spool.mu.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!paperboy.osf.org!usenet (Douglas Rand)
 Organization: Open Software Foundation
 Subject: Motif 2.0 announcement
 To: uunet!lobo.gsfc.nasa.gov!motif


The following was composed by one of our business managers, Darrell Crow
(crow@osf.org),  questions may be directed to him.

----------------------------------------

With this posting I hope to answer many questions I've been receiving
regarding what is in Motif 2.0 and how does if differ from Release 1.2.  This
posting contains an overview followed by a bullet item listing of the features
and benefits added to Motif in this release. If I didn't answer your questions
feel free to direct them to me.  At the end, I'll list additional
documentation available from OSF.  If you're also interested in the licensing
and pricing information you can also contact me or the official OSF/Motif
channel: direct@osf.org.  I hope that this information update is of benefit to
you.

OSF/Motif has become the major Graphical User Interface (GUI) technology for
Open Systems, as well as an IEEE 1295 standard.  On Tuesday, June 21, OSF
announced its next major release of OSF/Motif, Release 2.0.   This release,
which is the most extensive and colaborative release of Motif since Motif 1.0
was introduced five years ago, includes new features organized around four
major themes:
        I.  Extensibility,
        2.  Consistency,
        3.  Improvements and
        4.  CDE Convergence.

Motif 2.0 was a collaborative development effort.  Contributors to this
release include Lotus Development, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Digital Equipment,
Integrated Computer Solutions, Computer Automation,  Groupe Bull, HaL Computer
Systems and Unix Systems Laboratories.

This release had the goal of allowing developers to easily build new widgets
and with support for C++ .  This required new extensible features such as
subclassing, traits, C++ support and detailed documentation.  Like all Xt-
based toolkits, subclassing requires detailed knowledge, experience and access
to the source code to fully understand Motif's class methods.  Motif 2.0
simplified this process by providing extensive documentation and allowing
subclassing from the Primitive and Manager classes without requiring access to
source code. Documentation of Motif's class methods are included in a new
book, The OSF/Motif Widget Writer's Guide. This book provides all necessary
information to subclass from Primitive and Manager and numerous examples of
subclassing are provided.   Traits are a new feature with Motif 2.0 which
essentially allow a given behaviour to be associated to a widget irrespective
of the widget hierarchial relationships. The number of applications developped
in C++ is rapidly growing and C++ programmers are now able to derive new
subclasses and still have those C++ widgets usable as regular widgets with the
standard API in Motif 2.0

CDE (Common Desktop Environment) convergence.  The previous version of
OSF/Motif (Release 1.2) introduced major new features such as
internationalization, drag-and-drop and tear-off menus. Those features were
intended to allow application developers to produce interoperable, easy to use
applications for a worldwide market. As a result, this technology was selected
to become the basis of the Common Desktop Environment jointly developed by HP,
IBM, Novell and SunSoft, proposed to become an X/Open standard. These features
as well as the GUI extensions added to the CDE specifications have been added
to Release 2.0.

PC Consistency has been a major theme of this release.  This includes
improvements and completions to the toolkit that was begun with Motif 1.2 as
well as the addition of seven new widgets (Container, Notebook, icon gadget,
spinbox, combobox, CSText and thermometer) common to this environment and
finally a new Style Guide.  Extensive work has been expended to ensure the
convergence of the Windows, CUA, CDE and Motif style both in technology and
terminology into a single document.  The work for this book will be submitted
to the X/Open Fast Track process for incorporation into the X/Open set of
specifications.

Improvements to the OSF/Motif toolkit are far too numerous to adequately list
here.  However a brief mention of a few of the major improvements includes the
addition of the Unified Transfer Model that simplifies data transfer by all
Motif's previous methods,  XPM support (ability to read colored icon file for
pixmap resources), ScrolledWindow partial scroll and autodrag,Toggle
checkmark, indeterminate state, documenting the input methods API for
internationalization, upgrading UIL to support 64-bit architecture, platform
independence, and support of the new extensibility features and widgets, and
finally the Motif Window Manager support of virtual screen, workspace
management protocol and root menu additions and etc.

This release brings together the most requested features from development
community with the single purpose of extending application developers' mission
of producing portable, consistent and interoperable applications to the open
systems  community.

Listing of the OSF/MotifR 2.0 Features and Benefits

I.  MORE EFFICIENT APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Easier application development to meet new business opportunities and deploy
applications faster...

Benefit Allows easier extensions to Motif for custom user


Features:
*  New, formal Xme API for integrating custom widgets interfaces,
   without access to Motif source code
*  All extensions using Xme API are "full citizens"
*  Widgets may be added to off-the-shelf Motif products, without
   recompiling Motif source code
*  Manager and primitive widget subclassing
*  C++ base classes provided for C++ widget development
*  C++ is used for inheritance, but X intrinsics are used for other
   characteristics
*  Trait mechanism for OSF/Motif widgets, allowing "multiple
   inheritance" of C class methods
*  Extensibility fully documented in Widget Writer's Guide, and
   Reference documentation
*  New OSF training: Widget Writing with Motif 2.0
*  Examples of custom widgets in C and C++

Feature:
Makes it easier for C++ developers to use Motif

Benefit:
*  Motif source code compilable by C++ compiler
*  Ability to integrate C++ widget extensions (above)

Feature:
Allows easier exploitation of Motif features for end user benefits

Benefit:
XmNotebook
*  Subclass of XmManager
*  Organizes children into pages, tabs, status area and page scroller
XmContainer
*  Subclass of XmManager
*  Manages IconGadget children
XmIconGadget
XmComboBox
*  Subclass of XmManager
*  Combines capabilities of a single line
        XmTextField and XmList
XmSpinBox
*  Subclass of XmManager
*  Manages multiple traversable children
XmScale (thermometer) widget
*  Subclass of XmManager
*  New resources added for thermometer behavior
XmCSText
*  Subclass of XmPrimitive
*  Provides facilities which parallel XmText, but using XmString

Uniform transfer model for primary transfer,
*  secondary transfer, cut and paste, drag and drop
        Uniform API (with backward compatibility)
        2 new callback functions for target identifcation

Misc. toolkit enhancements:
*  Menu system
        Simplified programming of popup menus
        Source code reorganization
*  X pix map (XPM) format, with multicolor icons

Misc. toolkit enhancements (continued):
*  New rendering characteristics for XmString:
        renditions (fonts, color), tabs, localization
        components, parsing
*  List -- Quick navigate
*  Traversal -- drawing area traversable via keys,
        virtual key associated with multiple real keys
*  Visuals (in addition to Toggle Button)
*  XmScreen resources
*  Resolution independence -- unit conversion

UIL enhancements:
*  Support for new and custom widgets
*  UID files -- platform independence
*  64-bit architecture support

Updates to documentation: Programmer's Guide, Reference

Updates to OSF training:
*  Introduction to Programming
*  User Interface Design
*  2.0 Technical Update

Feature:
Allows easy integration of applications with Common Desktop
Environment (CDE)

Benefit:
*  Contains foundation GUI for CDE
*  Client-command interface allowing other clients to add commands to
MWM menus

Feature:
Allows easy migration of applications to Motif 2.0

Benefit
*  Upward binary compatibility of Motif 1.2 toolkit API
        (Motif 1.2 applications need only re-link)

Feature
Makes applications easier to troubleshoot & maintain

Benefit
*  Overall quality improvements in Motif
*  Default density lower than 0.5 DPKLOC

EASE OF USE

Ease of use by individual computer users... at the application user
interface level...

Feature:
Satisfies rising user expectations for ease of use, leveraging
experience with other user interfaces

Benefit:
User interface capabilities equivalent to those on PCs:
*  Notebook widget
*  Container widget
*  ComboBox widget
*  SpinBox widget
*  Scale (thermometer) widget
*  Availability of formatted editable text
        Compound String text widget
        Compound String enhancements to support color, tabs, multiple
          fonts, etc.
*  Auto Scrolling
*  Vertical Paned Window
*  Update to User Guide

Ease of use by individual computer users... at the desktop level...

Feature:
Allows easier integration with the desktop

Benefit:
*  Contains foundation GUI for Common Desktop Environment (CDE)
*  Tear-off menu support of mwm's root menu

Feature:
Allows more natural organization of users' work

Benefits:
*  Virtual screen (desktop panning) support
*  Workspace management protocol
        (for third party workspace management solutions that
        allow users to switch computing context "rooms" for
        different tasks)

EASE OF ENTERPRISE COMPUTING

Easier integration of Motif  and Motif applications into the
enterprise computing environment...

Feature:
Increases consistency of user interface style across platforms &
applications; increases user skill portability

Benefits:
*  Motif 2.0 Style Guide work Technical and terminology convergence
        among Motif, CDE and CUA
*  New widget support of converged style
*  Increased similarity to Windows & CUA behavior:
        Check marks and crosses in Toggle Button
        Indeterminate state in Toggle Button
        Ctrl Button 1 takes focus
        Menu unpost behavior
        Quick navigate in list

Feature:
Increases consistency of a complete user environment across open
systems

Benefits:
*  Consistency with the X/Open CDE specification, including virtually
        all CDE Motif vendor extensions:
        XmCascadeButton activation via BMenu
        Enhanced XmFileSelectionBox
        Default XmNshadowThickness to 1
        Thermometer-style XmScale
        Color pixmaps in XPM format
        Additional virtual key bindings
        SpinBox, ComboBox
        Message catalogs for toolkit error messages
        Other items controlled by a global resource:
          ColorObject (standarizes colormap allocation for
           applications, to enable use of Style Manager application)
        BSelect and BTransfer integration
        Dragging non-selectable items disabled
        Use of TAB key -- XmPushButton navigation
        Visual additions to XmToggleButton
        Visual modifications to menus (etched in)
        Visual modifications to default button in dialogs (focus
          highlight outside of default visual)
        Visual modifications to MWM
        Additional drag icons
*  Compliance with IEEE 1295 standard
*  Consistency of Motif vendor implementations:
        AES Rev D for API stability
        Validation Test Suite 2.0 for certification
        Updated Quality Assurance Test Suite for consistency in
          quality
*  Continued support of the X Window system (based on
*  X11R5; tested also with X11R6 )

Feature:
Ease of integrating Motif and PC environments

Benefits:
*  Favorable licensing terms to support:
        PC client-server computing
        Deployment of PC applications using Motif DLLs
*  Style convergence to support hybrid user environments


WORLD-WIDE ACCEPTANCE

Even more acceptable as the preferred user interface for Open Systems,
worldwide...

Feature
Applicable to a wider range of computer users

Benefits:
*  Internationalization enhancements:
        New API for widget writers to make use of input methods
        Higher level of internationalization for Middle Eastern
          languages:
        Bi-directional layout -- left-to-right/right-to-left geometry
          management
        Bi-directional text editing -- left-to-right/right-to-left,
          single level (unsupported)
*  64-bit architecture support
*  Favorable licensing terms to support:
        Single user systems
        Embedded systems
        Cross-vendor Motif upgrades
        Shared library distribution with applications
*  Performance
        Memory usage
        Start-up time, for list widget
        Decreased X resource usage
        Various optimizations


ADDITIONAL AVAILABLE DOCUMENTS FROM OSF.
        OSF/Motif 2.0 Datasheet
        OSF/Motif 2.0 Price List
        OSF/Motif 2.0 Licensing Kit
        OSF/Motif 2.0 Laymen's Explanation
        OSF/Motif 2.0 FAQ
        X/Journal July-August Feature Article on Motif 2.0

FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT OSF/MOTIF 2.0, PLEASE CONTACT OSF DIRECT CHANNELS
AT: (617)621-7300; email: direct@osf.org

OSF and Motif are registered trademarks of the Open Software Foundation, Inc.

 [end of message from Darrell Crow (crow@osf.org)]

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