Archive-name: motif-faq/part2
Last-modified: JULY 14, 1996
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Organization: Century Computing, Inc. <URL: http://www.cen.com/>
Version: 5.3



-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 20)  Where can I find Motif 2.0 documentation?

[Last modified: Nov 95]

Answer:  The Prentice Hall versions of selected Motif 2.0 documentation are
finally available!

        OSF/Motif Programmer's Guide, Release 2.0
        ISBN 0-13-143158-7 (maybe 0-13-147158-7 ?)

        OSF/Motif Programmer's Reference, Release 2.0
        ISBN 0-13-143166-8

These Prentice Hall books are available at a significant discount from:

        libHiTech.a, The Exclusive Electronic Computer Book Club
        http://www.mordor.com/libhitech/


Kevin Till of OSF posted a note saying that printouts by a local printing
company of the documents supplied with the Motif 2.0 source tape are
available. Call OSF Direct Channel at (617) 621-7300 to order.

The Motif 2.0 README file says:
         The complete Motif documentation set is made up of the
         following documents:

            o Application Environment Specification - User
              Environment Volume
            o OSF/Motif Programmer's Reference
            o OSF/Motif Programmer's Guide
            o OSF/Motif Release Notes
            o OSF/Motif Style Guide
            o OSF/Motif User's Guide
            o OSF/Motif Widget Writer's Guide

         These documents are contained in one of the major
         subdirectories (./doc) of the Release 2.0 tree.  For more Details,
see Chapter 7 of the README file at the top level of the Motif 2.0 source
tree.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 21)  I want to use C++ with Motif. Where can I find C++ examples?
Motif 2.0 supports native C++ classes but I can't find documentation.

[Last modified: Sept 95]

Answer:  Doug Rand <drand@sgi.com> writes: "There are some examples in the
demos tree, look under demos/lib/ExmCxx for widget examples.  The C++ support
was only a widget writer's tool.  When the widget writer's guide is out, you
can also look in that for documentation."

Scott W. Sadler <sws@iti-oh.com> replied to a related question about combining
Motif with C++: "There are two books available (that I know of):

        Object-Oriented Programming with C++ and OSF/Motif - Second Edition
        Doug Young 0-13-209255-7 (c) 1995

        Using Motif with C++
        Daniel Bernstein 0-13-207390-0 or 1-884842-06-2 (c) 1995"

See also the subject: "Is there a C++ binding for Motif?"

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Subject: 22)  Is Motif 2.0 backward compatible with Motif 1.2?  Does a program
written for Motif 1.2 compile and run with Motif 2.0?

[Last modified: Jan 96]

Answer:  (See also the next subject.)  Doug Rand <drand@sgi.com> writes: "It
is backward compatible except where it isn't :)

1) Subclassed widgets which do not use XmResolvePartOffsets won't work.

2) If you free your XmStrings using any technique other than XmStringFree, it
is quite likely that your program either won't compile, or will crash with a
core dump at runtime. [Wording change for (2) provided by Alan Ezust
(ezust@learnix.ca).]

3) If you use libMrm and relink with the new shared library,  you'll need to
make the new modern .uid files (but if you wait for the Motif from CDE you
don't need to do this one).

4) If you assume that XmStrings are ASN.1 strings and play with them, it won't
work.  They are now data structures.  But the good news is that XmStringCopy
just increments a reference count now.

Note that #1 and #2 where always documented this way and aren't supposed to
work.

Otherwise,  it's pretty compatible.  We relinked a number of things and they
continued fine.  [These] include xrn (Motif), and a couple of other moderately
big things.  I want to say we did xmosaic,  but I can't remember if I'm right
about that.

#1 isn't a problem if you recompile your subclassed widgets.  But then there
is a source compatibility problem that you may need to include the obsolete
modules for the _Xm functions.  Proper 2.0 subclasses use Xme functions,  and
there is even a document."

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 23)+ How compatible are Motif 1.2.* and X11R6?

[Last modified: July 96]

Answer:  (See also the previous subject.)  This is actually several related
questions with answers from David B. Lewis (d.lewis@opengroup.org) and Kenton
Lee (kenton@rahul.net).

 1. Is it possible to run an X11R6 server with a Motif 1.2.* runtime
 environment (Motif libs and Motif Window Manager)?

David> Yes. The X11 protocol has not changed in its various versions, so
all X servers are compatible. There are differences, though, in
the fonts that are available and in a few of the gray areas in the
interpretation of the protocol. The fonts distributed by the X
Consortium form a standard set, though, and I know of no cases in
which changes in X11R6 cause problems for Motif programs (we are
using Motif with X11R6 servers here).

 2. Is there any possible conflict with Motif 1.2.* applications and an
 X11R6 server (assuming a Motif 1.2.* runtime environment)?

David> The only situation that I could imagine is a case in which Motif
1.2 code was written to depend on a particular bug or behavior of
an X11R5 server; I know of no such cases. Because of the stability
of the X11 protocol, Motif 1.2 programs should work with any
available X server, current and future.

 3. If Motif 2.0 is installed such that the Motif libraries and mwm are
 versions 2.0, is there 100% binary compatibility with statically linked
 Motif 1.2.* applications? If not, what are the known or potential problems?

David> There are additional support files in both the Motif and X11 areas
which are used at run-time. There are no known problems using Motif
1.2 *static* applications in a Motif 2.0 environment.

Kenton writes:  R6 was designed to be backwards binary compatible with R5 and
most vendors have done a good job in implementing this.  Still, I wouldn't
recommend that my customers do this until I tested configurations similar to
theirs.

Motif 2.0 is backwards compatible with Motif 1.X in most cases.  I think Doug
Rand's comments in [the previous subject of the Motif FAQ] covers the
important issues.  In general, well written applications shouldn't have
problems, but some applications aren't well written.  Again, I would test
before making recommendations to my customers.

The above comments apply to run-time linking (shared library) compatibility.
If you statically link, the only problems I can imagine are the common ones
like installed fonts, supported server extensions, input methods, color name
databases, default visual types, etc.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 24)+ Why aren't the big UNIX vendors shipping Motif 2.0?

[Last modified: July 96]

Answer:  Most of these companies decided to move to CDE 1.0 first.  CDE 1.0
uses Motif 1.2.5, which is not binary compatible with Motif 2.0.  These
companies will probably jump directly to Motif 2.1, probably in 1997.

Thanks to Ken Lee, kenton@rahul.net.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 25)  Where can I get Motif? And where can I get Motif for Linux?

[Last modified: Jan 96]

Answer:  Kenton Lee provided this list of vendors who provide Motif for Linux:

        Metro Link, http://www.metrolink.com/
        ACC Bookstore, http://www.acc-corp.com/
        InfoMagic, http://www.infomagic.com/
        Just Computers, http://www.business1.com/justcomp/
        Lasermoon, http://www.lasermoon.co.uk/lasermoon.catalogue.en/DIR.html

The Linux Home Page is:

        http://www.linux.org/linux/linux.html


Various hardware vendors produce developer's toolkits of binaries, header
files, and documentation; check your hardware vendor, particularly if that
vendor is an OSF member.

In addition, independent binary vendors produce Motif toolkits.

[A FAQ is not for "personal opinions" on these toolkits.  I don't think it is
appropriate to give such opinions through this particular posting, so I
haven't included any.]

Infomagic provides Linux Motif. For info, see:

    http://www.infomagic.com/infomagic/text/mootiff.html

for the Moo-Tiff CD-ROM. Requires Linux 0.99 (or higher) & XFree86 2.x (or
higher).

Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc. (ICS) 201 Broadway, Cambridge, MA  02139
USA info@ics.com   617/621-0060

ICS provides binary distributions of Motif for Sun platforms.  Other platforms
are available as well, call or send mail for current info.  ICS also provides
in-depth programming support for Motif and additional tools such as Builder
Xcessory, a Motif interface builder, and the Widget Databook, a source for
third party, commercially available and supported widgets, class libraries,
and subsystems.

Quest (408-496-1900) sells kits for Suns, as well;


IXI Premier Motif 1.2.4d is available on:

        Sun SPARCstation SunOS 4.1.2+
        Sun APARCstation Solaris 2.1+
        Intel Solaris 2.1+
        Silicon Graphics IRIX 5.2+
        IBM RS/6000 AIX 3.2.5+
        HP 9000/700 & 800 HP-UX 9.01+
        DEC Alpha OSF/1 3.0+
        SCO OpenServer 5+

Current release also includes IXI Wintif libraries: a version of Motif 1.2
that supports MS Windows look and feel.

Visual Tcl for SunOS and Solaris are also on the June release, and will be
fully supported with the next release in the Fall.  More ports to follow: HP
IBM, Intel Solaris.

Next release due in September, 1995 will be Motif 1.2.5

For more information on IXI Premier Motif contact info@x.co.uk

IXI Visionware's home page can be found on http://www.ixi.com/


IXI Visionware         IXI Visionware          IXI Visionware Japan
324 Encinal Street     Vision Park             24-3 Oohashi 2 Chome
Santa Cruz             Cambridge               Meguro-ku
California             CB4 4ZR                 Tokyo 153
CA 95061-1900          England                 Japan

Tel: (408) 429 4500    Tel: +44 1223 518000    Tel: +81 3 5486 2155
Fax: (408) 427 5407    Fax: +44 1223 518001    Tel: +81 3 5486 1833

        All information is subject to change.


Advanced User Systems Pty Ltd is an Australian distributor of IXI Limited
(X.desktop, Motif, Wintif, Panorama) as a User Pack or Developer Pack, full
technical support, and updates:

    Advanced User Systems Pty Ltd           info@aus.oz.au
    2 Rudd Street
    North Ryde NSW 2113
    Australia
    Ph:  +61 (0)2 878-4777
    Fax: +61 (0)2 878-6951


Sun Microsystems is now shipping IXI Motif 1.2.2.

NSL (+33 (1) 43 36 77 50; requests@nsl.fr) offers kits for Sun4.

Carsten Hammer Schwindstr (chammer@POST.uni-bielefeld.de) reports that he
could not find Motif for a Sun3 from any vendor.


In Australia, Information Technology Consultants Pty Ltd has Motif 1.1.2 for
Sun Sparc 4.1 ( phone on (02) 360 6999, fax on (02) 360 6695 or e-mail to
motif@itcsyd.itc.oz.au)

SILOGIC (+33 61.57.95.95), 78 chemin des Sept Deniers - 31200 TOULOUSE FRANCE
sells Motif 1.1 and 1.2 on Sun4 machines. They also provide customers with
Motif maintenance and support, and do consulting on the X window System at
large, including software development.

Metro Link Inc., has Motif Runtime and Development packages available for a
variety of operating systems:  AT&T SVR3.2, ISC, Linux, LynxOS, QNX, SCO,
SINIX, Solaris, SunOS, SVR4, UnixWare, and Venix.  All versions ship with
shared library version of libXm.

Metro Link Inc.  4711 N. Powerline Rd., Ft. Lauderdale, Florida  33309 Voice:
+1.305.938.0283  Fax: +1.305.938.1982  Email: sales@metrolink.com

BIM (Fax : +32(2)759.47.95) offer Motif 1.1 for Sun-3, Sun-4, Sun-386i.
Includes shared libraries.

An OSF/Motif source license must be obtained from OSF before source can be
obtained from the Open Software Foundation. Call the Direct Channel Desk at
OSF at 617-621-7300 or email direct@osf.org for ordering information.  In
addition to the full Motif source, "option C" allows you to purchase source
for the window manager mwm to run on X terminals.

Bluestone offers Motif.  Bluestone's  MWM is the compiled version of OSF/
Motif for Sun/SPARC. It is plain vanilla Motif based on X11 and Xt Intrinsics.
There is no license manager.  Platforms: Sun/OS 4.1+ and Solaris V2.1,2.2.
Contact: Bluestone @609-727-4600

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 26)  Is there a list of Motif bugs?

Answer:  With each patch release of Motif shipped, there is a list of known
bugs provided.  The filename on the tape is "./OPENBUGS".  There is also a
list of all the issues closed/resolved in that patch.  That is found as part
of the "./README-1.1.n" (where n is the patch number) file.

These are the only OSF published lists.

No one else seems to publish a list.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 27)  Where can I get a Motif 1.2 Certification Checklist?

[Last modified: Apr 95]

Answer:  Kevin Till (kev@osf.org) of OSF wrote:  "The Checklist comes with the
OSF/Motif 1.2 Style Guide documentation.  It's in the Appendix B section."

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 28)  What is CDE? What is COSE and how does it relate to Motif?

[Last modified: Sept 94]

Answer:  [For more current information, see  also the subjects which follow
this one.]

        NOTE: This info dates back to a Nov. '93 conference.
        Most of the words should be credited to the lecturer,
        Nicholas J. Aiuto (nick@ps.quotron.com) of Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
        Any mistakes or inaccuracies are mine, however.
        I would appreciate updates and corrections...ksall@cen.com


COSE is Common Open Software Environment, a major interoperability effort
started by HP, Sun, Novell/UNIX System Labs (USL), IBM, and SCO, with over 70
other companies pledging their support. The COSE announcement was made in
March, 1993 and a "COSE CDE Conference" was held in San Jose in October, 1993.

CDE is the Common Desktop Environment component of COSE. CDE is "a
specification for components and services to give the UNIX desktop common and
consistent capabilities like those found in other widely used environments
(Mac, Windows)." [from class notes] CDE is not public domain; it will be
provided by major vendors, possibly at extra cost as unbundled s/w
approximately mid 1994.  CDE will be based on Motif 1.2 and X11R5, although
Motif 2.0 and X11R6 are expected around the same time. (CDE will be ported to
Motif 2.0 eventually.)

A CD-ROM was distributed at the October, 1993 conference, but this was "alpha"
s/w, strictly for evaluation purposes, not for development.

Another COSE/CDE Snapshot CD-ROM was released in April '94, available for HP,
IBM, Novell, and Sun platforms.

Overview
--------

Standards are to be defined in these areas:

        - desktop
        - networking
        - objects
        - graphics
        - system management

CDE Functional Groups:

    High Level:
        - Desktop Management
        - Productivity Tools

    Low Level:
        - GUI Display and Printing
        - Application Integration
        - "Guidelines": a 100+ pg. checklist which is a superset of Motif's

CDE Desktop Management
----------------------

 - Login Manager: like xdm
 - Session Manager: saving state based on ICCCM and HP's VUE [vuesession]
 - Workspace Manager: virtual screens; rooms; virtual win mgr
 - Front Panel: object and window management; access to favorite apps
 - File Manager: icon drag and drop
 - Application Manager
 - Style Manager: configure Session Mgr (colors, fonts, HOME session)

Productivity Tools
------------------

 - Text Editor: based on XmText widget; not very fancy
 - Icon Editor: color pixmaps; based on HP's vueicon; need 16 icons per app
 - Help Viewer: can access app help without running application
 - Mailer and Calendar: can talk to each other
 - Terminal Emulator: improvement on xterm
 - Calculator
 - Create "Action": something you tell your system to do and associate with
                   a specific icon (e.g., starting a favorite app); can also
                   tag a specific command line and add to your desktop

GUI Display and Printing
------------------------

 - Motif 1.2 with extras, X11R5
 - New widgets (subclasses of similar widgets to be in Motif 2.0):
        o  ComboBox
        o  SpinButton

 - dtksh: windowing Korn shell, a robust UNIX shell interface to X, Xlib, and
Xm
 - Application Builder: port of Sun's DevGuide [not yet available]
 - X Print Server and X Server Print Extension

Application Integration
-----------------------

 - Data Interchange
        o  Drag and Drop (DND): based on Motif 1.2 with improvements
        o  Bento container format:
                "Japanese lunchbox"
                compartmented container developed by Apple;
                stores compound document on disk;
                apps can find audio compartment, for example
                100-page document describes Bento
 - ToolTalk
        o  messaging/IPC facility developed by Sun
        o  CDE message sets (sample msgsd: iconify yourself, close down, etc.)
 - Actions
        o define what can be done with files or arbitrary data (e.g., audio)
 - Data Typing
        o define data classes for objects (e.g., PS file, C source code)

Guidelines
----------

 - Common Fonts (about 16): proportional, monospaced, with or without serif
 - Internationalization (I18N) compliance
 - Client/Server
        o Network execution model
        o end user model
        o system admin model: facilitates easy installation of new
                              CDE-compliant apps
        o ISV model
 - Certification Checklist: 100 pages; superset of Motif 1.2 Certif. Checklist


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 29)  Is there a CDE FAQ or newsgroup?

[Last modified: Feb 95]

Answer:  The COSE FAQ is located at:

   http://proper.com:70/0/faqs-link/common-faqs/faqs/cde-cose-faq or
   http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/cde-cose-faq/faq.html

There is also a newsgroup called news:alt.windows.cde

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 30)  What is the current version of CDE and what are its features?

[Last modified: Mar 96]

Answer:  The latest version of CDE is 1.0.10 as announced by OSF in January
1996.  The message also lists the core features of CDE...ksall@cen.com

    To: OSF.Motif.Support.Subscribers:;@osf.org
    Cc: All.OSF.Service.Subscribers:;@osf.org
    Subject: OSF Announces Availability of the Common Desktop Environment (CDE) 1.0.10
    Date: Wed, 31 Jan 1996 11:09:36 -0500
    From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>

CONTACT :               Jane Smeloff
                        Open Software Foundation
                        (617) 621-8997
                        Email: jane@osf.org

OSF Announces the Availability of the Common Desktop Environment (CDE)

Premier industry-standard graphical user interface, branded by the X/Open
Company, for Open Systems and X Window desktop computing

CAMBRIDGE, MA, January 31, 1996 -- The Open Software Foundation today
announced the availability of CDE version 1.0.10, a maintenance release,
which incorporates proven user interface technology from industry leaders.
This release converges the industry standard OSF/Motif application
programming interfaces (APIs) and provides additional APIs for key desktop
services, such as interapplication communication and group scheduling, that
are the same on all platforms.  It also provides an integrated, multimedia
email facility.

"CDE was created to make life easier for people who develop, manage, or use
enterprise data, applications and networks," said Dave Knorr, OSF's CDE
Business Area Manager.   "It's platform consistency, portability and
distributed design make open system desktop computers as easy to use as
PCs, but with the added power of local and network resources.  CDE protects
your investment in today's applications maintaining compatibility, with
thousands of existing open system-based applications."

Some comments shared by CDE users and developers:

"CDE's integration and OSF's support of key open technologies is a major
part of Boeing's current and long term computing strategy," said Garth
Bruce, Technical Architect Common User Interface Services for Boeing
Commercial Airplane Group.  "We are aggressively planning to implement CDE
on many of the 9,000 plus UNIX servers in Boeing this year."

"CDE has enabled Micro Focus to provide a consistent graphical interface
for Micro Focus Object COBOL for UNIX, available
across many UNIX platforms in 1996," says Julia Spruiell, Development
Engineering Manager for the Enterprise Client/Server Group at Micro Focus.
"By using the standard UNIX Desktop, customers can get up to speed easily,
minimizing the learning curve when using Object COBOL for UNIX across
multiple platforms.  This should hold true for customers when using other
industry solutions integrated with CDE.  Internally, it has provided Micro
Focus with the ability to reach the market sooner, and focus attention on
providing the best Object COBOL Development Environment for our users."

"Converting PCs to powerful UNIX-like workstations with Linux and CDE, is
becoming very affordable," said John W. Christy, President of Executive
Tools, Incorporated.  "This will help to bring thousands of DOS
applications to the workstation market and UNIX applications to the
emerging PC/Linux/CDE market.  If there were ever a good bandwagon for
software developers to jump on, this is it because it is being pulled by
Digital, Fujitsu, HP, Hitachi, IBM, Novell and SunSoft," Christy continued.
"ET Desktop, Executive Tools' port of CDE to Linux, will assure PC
compatibility for companies working with these visionary computer vendors."

"CDE's common look-and-feel will save us training dollars by ending user
interface divergence within our heterogeneous UNIX environment," said Jim
Milner, Human/Computer Interface Specialist at Phillips Petroleum.  "We
also look forward to the SGML-based text handlers in the upcoming CDE Next
desktop toolset."

First introduced as a snapshot in October, 1994, CDE was jointly developed
and licensed for use by Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Novell, and SunSoft.  Under
the auspices of the OSF Pre-Structured Technology (PST) process for
collaborative technology development, the original CDE partners continued,
in conjunction with Digital Equipment Corporation, Fujitsu and Hitachi the
evolution of CDE.

"Cooperative development between OSF, the X Consortium, and their members
leverages the strengths of each organization to provide powerful benefits
to the industry," said Robert Scheifler, President of the X Consortium.
 "Coordinating the evolution of the X
Window System, OSF/Motif, and the Common Desktop Environment is vital to
the continued success of all three technologies, and this release of CDE is
a significant step in converging our development paths and providing
improved solutions for all of our customers.  The X Consortium is also the
Prime Contractor for the CDE PST technology."

This collaborative effort has provided for the maintenance of CDE and
development of the next release of CDE and Motif.  OSF, as  a vendor
neutral technology source code supplier, now makes CDE available.  Its
first offering, Version 1.0.10, includes CDE 1.0 and the results of the
collaborative maintenance efforts by its PST sponsors.

Core Components of CDE include:

*       An XDMCP-compliant login manager (including PAM "pluggable
        authentication modules" architecture);

*       A session manager ("session" being the time period during which a
        user is logged on to a machine);

*       The CDE window manager (including the CDE Front Panel and workspace
        manager);

*       An interapplication messaging system;

*       A desktop tool set;

*       Application development tools; and

*       Application integration components.

CDE is more than a user friendly desktop that appears the same on virtually
all open systems platforms.  It is an environment comprised of user tools,
network tools, deskset applications, and development tools.  CDE is
recognized as a standard by major open system vendors and their customers.

For additional information or pricing details on CDE, contact OSF Direct
Channels at 1-800-268-5245 or direct@osf.org.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 31)  How does Motif relate to X/Open and CDE?

[Last modified: Mar 96]

A.  NOTE: This answer from Sept. 1995 is somewhat obsolete due to the
formation of The Open Group. See "What is The Open Group?"....ksall@cen.com

>From OSF's CDE/Motif Program Manager, Terry Landers (landers@osf.org):

"In response to the discussion [on comp.windows.x.motif] of Motif and
"officially supported" APIs ... two areas were brought up that I hope to be
able to clarify.


Standards:
=========
As you probably know, Motif has become an X/Open standard.
The X/Open specification was based on the OSF AES, and going
forward the X/Open specification will take precedence.

As part of the CDE/Motif PST, interface extensions to
the XMotif specification will be proposed to X/Open.

Although it is too early to discuss what will be proposed
to X/Open, OSF members who are interested will have early
access to CDE/Motif functional specifications as part of
the Desktop SIG activities.

Convergence:
===========
OSF has taken the first step in convergence with the release
of Motif 1.2.5.   Motif 1.2.5 merges OSF Motif 1.2.4 with
CDE Motif and defect fixes to the 1.2 code base that were
made in Motif 2.0.

The next step in convergence will come with the CDE/Motif PST
deliverables.

I hope this has helped ... if you have any questions you can
contact me at:

        landers@osf.org
        617-621-7282"

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 32)  What is The Open Group?

[Last modified: Mar 96]

Answer:  On February 14, 1996, X/Open and OSF merged to form "The Open Group".
The complete story can be found in the press release:

    http://www.osf.org/og/og-formed.htm

which calls The Open Group a "New Organization to Improve Coordination of
Efforts to Develop and Implement Common Standards and New Technologies".  You
might also want to read other press releases from The Open Group and visit
their home page:

    http://www.osf.org/og/launch.html
    http://www.osf.org/og/

Below is the announcement sent by OSF's Kristen Knotts...ksall@cen.com


    To: OSF.Support.Subscribers:;@osf.org
    Subject: X/Open & OSF Join to Form The Open Group
    Date: Wed, 14 Feb 1996 12:26:53 -0500
    From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>

During a press conference at UniForum '96, officials of X/Open Company,
Ltd. and the Open Software Foundation (OSF), the two leading consortia for
the advancement of open systems, announced their consolidation into a new,
more powerful worldwide organization known as The Open Group.

The new entity has been formed to strengthen and streamline the entire open
systems process, including adoption of open systems specifications,
development of specification-compliant technologies, and promotion of their
use in the global enterprise computing marketplace.  Full information can
be obtained from The Open Group Web Site:

http://www.osf.org/og

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 33)+ Is The Open Group assuming responsibility for the X Window
System?
[Last modified: July 96]

A. Yes it will, at the beginning of 1997. See the X Consortium's announcement
at:

        http://www.x.org/consortium/transfer_release.html
        X Consortium to Transfer X Window System to The Open Group

It is reproduced _in part_ below for your convenience, followed by a related
announcement from The Open Group.

Cambridge, Massachusetts - July 1, 1996 - X Consortium, Inc.
today announced that it would transfer responsibility for the X
Window System to The Open Group at the beginning of next year. "X
is now mainstream technology, and since the first commercial release
in 1986 it has matured to the point where a dedicated consortium is no
longer essential to its on-going support," explains Robert W. Scheifler,
president of the X Consortium. "Our industry will benefit greatly by
continuing and accelerating the convergence of X, Motif and the
Common Desktop Environment (CDE) into a unified technology
stack. This is already well underway with the current CDE-Motif
PST project, operating under the auspices of The Open Group, an
organization that is well positioned to take this technology into the
future." The Open Group will continue their existing work of
publishing, testing and branding products which conform to
international standards, including X.

"As a long standing partner with the X Consortium in the Open
Systems industry, The Open Group supports this decision. On a
personal note, I want to add that the computer industry owes an
enormous debt of gratitude to Bob Scheifler and the X Consortium for
the service they have provided for the last eight years," commented
Jim Bell, CEO of The Open Group. "Their very positive impact on our
industry will continue to be felt for years to come."

As part of this change, X Consortium plans to wind down all
engineering operations at the end of this year. "I have made a
commitment to our members, and to the sponsors of the CDE-Motif
project, to oversee the entire transition process from now until our
current engineering projects are finished and the hand-off is
complete," said Scheifler. The X Consortium will work with its
members and The Open Group to determine whether the organization
should continue on in some reduced fashion.

Broadway, the code name for the next release of the X Window
System, will be completed as planned by the end of the year, and will
be made freely available to the public under the same terms as
previous X Consortium releases. Broadway enables interactive UNIX
and Windows applications to be integrated, unmodified, into HTML
documents and published on World Wide Web servers, using plug-in
technology, and includes network protocols for graphics and audio to
provide remote access to those applications from inside Web
browsers. The Broadway release is expected to be available from
current sources, including worldwide ftp sites and CDROM
distributors.

The X Consortium will fulfill its obligations as prime contractor in The
Open Group's Pre-Structured Technology (PST) project developing
the next release of CDE and Motif. "The plan has always been to
complete both the CDE-Motif project and Broadway by the end of
this year," says Jim Fournier, Director of Engineering. "We are
confident in our ability to deliver as planned."

                   ************************

A related announcement from corpcom@opengroup.com (The Open Group Corporate
Communications) was sent July 1, 1996, an excerpt of which appears below:

     The Open Group Continues to Expand Product and Services Portfolio

                 Leading Open Systems Consortium
                Absorbs X Window System Technology

The Open Group announced today as an addition to its growing portfolio of
products and services, it will assume custodianship for the X Window System
technology, currently owned and managed by the X Consortium.  In its
press release today, the X Consortium also declared that it will continue to
fulfill its obligations as prime contractor in The Open Group CDE Pre-
Structured Technology (PST) project, developing the next releases of CDE and
Motif, scheduled to be completed by year end, and then cease its internal
engineering operations.

"Since its first commercial release in 1986, the X Window System has
matured to the point where a full-scale, dedicated consortium is no longer
essential to the on-going support of the technology," said Robert W. Scheifler,
X Consortium president and founder.  "In light of our existing relationship it
makes sense to fold our ongoing work into The Open Group.  Furthermore,
given the overlapping membership of the two organizations, this move will
greatly streamline and enhance the process of defining open standards."

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 34)  Will CDE and Motif converge? What is the CDE/Motif JDA?

[Last modified: Oct 95]

A. In September, 1995, OSF announced the Joint Development Agreement under
which vendors will participate in a plan to converge Motif and CDE. The
announcement follows.

 From kjk@osf.org  Fri Sep  8 17:55:55 1995
 To: OSF.Motif.Support.Subscribers:;@osf.org
 Cc: OSF.Service.Subscribers:;@osf.org
 Subject: OSF Press Release Announcing Signing of CDE/Motif JDA
 Date: Fri, 08 Sep 1995 17:46:04 -0400
 From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>

 To:            OSF Motif Support Subscribers
 From:          The Open Software Foundation

 ************************************************************
              OSF MOTIF SUPPORT ELECTRONIC UPDATE
 ************************************************************
 An electronic mail news update for Motif Support Subscribers
 from the Open Software Foundation (OSF)


 CONTACT:        Jack Dwyer
                 Open Software Foundation
                 (617) 621-7246
                 Email: dwyer@osf.org


     OSF Announces Formal Launch of CDE/Motif Project

 Multi-vendor project to enhance and converge OSF/Motif and the Common
 Desktop Environment

 CAMBRIDGE, MA September 7, 1995 -- The Open Software Foundation today
 announced the formal signing of the Joint Development Agreement for the
 further enhancement and evolution of the Common Desktop Environment (CDE)
 and OSF/Motif under the Open Software Foundation's Pre-Structured
 Technology (PST) development process. The seven sponsors of the CDE/Motif
 PST are Digital Equipment Corp., Fujitsu Limited, Hewlett-Packard Company,
 Hitachi, Ltd, IBM Corp., Novell, Inc., and SunSoft, Inc.

 The CDE/Motif PST is a cooperative, multi-vendor, development project. The
 Open Software Foundation's PST process allows for existing technologies
 from multiple vendors to be further developed and integrated into a
 complete open system technology. The X Consortium has been designated as
 the project's prime contractor.

 CDE/Motif will continue the evolution of the desktop technologies necessary
 to meet the expanding user requirements in such areas as On-line
 Information Access, Printing, and Internationalization. A key objective of
 the PST is to fully converge OSF/Motif and the CDE version of Motif into a
 single development stream. The resulting PST technology will be binary
 compatible with CDE 1.0.

 Mr. Don Harbert, Vice President of UNIX Business Segment for Digital
 Equipment Corporation said, "Digital is an enthusiastic participant in the
 development of the next version of CDE. As a founding member of the Open
 Software Foundation and the first vendor to ship a commercial version of
 the X Window System, Digital recognizes the importance of standard user
 interfaces and the importance of the PST process in developing code."

 "Fujitsu is pleased to support the evolution of CDE and Motif technology,
 both by contributing the Fujitsu OLIAS technology for a robust CDE Online
 Information Access feature, and by improving CDE/Motif
 Internationalization. Providing a common user interface over many different
 hardware systems is critical to the future of Open Systems", said Mitsuru
 Sanagi, General Manager of the Client Server System Strategy and Alliance
 Division, Fujitsu Limited.

 "As one of the original development partners for CDE and as a current
 supplier of CDE technology in AIX, IBM is committed to enhanced usability
 for our AIX customers," said Donna Van Fleet, Vice President for AIX
 Systems Development, IBM RISC System/6000 Division. "Now, as one of the
 sponsors of this new PST, we continue the enhancements to CDE that will
 provide even more ease-of-use value for our customers, while maintaining
 all the benefits of an open technology."

 "CDE is important, industry-unifying technology and Novell is looking
 forward to working with the other CDE/Motif sponsors to continue its
 development," noted Don McGovern, Vice President, Operating System
 Division, Novell, Inc.

 "As chair of the CDE/Motif PST Steering Committee, SunSoft is pleased by
 the active participation and strong commitment for this project.  This
 clearly underscores the strong industry support for open systems," said
 Paula Sager, Vice President of Desktop Technologies, SunSoft, Inc.  "We are
 looking forward to working with our partners to deliver the best open user
 environment available."

 "We're excited that we are able to contribute to this important industry
 initiative ", said Robert W. Scheifler, President of X Consortium.
 "CDE/Motif combines premier desktop technologies and builds on what is now
 a long line of products founded upon X. There is a lot of synergy between
 the X Consortium's objectives and the goals of the CDE/Motif PST. Our
 involvement as the prime contractor for this project is a logical extension
 of that fact."

 The base technologies for the CDE/Motif PST are CDE 1.0 and OSF/Motif 2.0.
 On-line Information Access will include an SGML-based browser, the ability
 to display and print SGML documents, full text search and retrieval, and
 integration with the on-line help facility. Enhanced internationalization
 capabilities will include the ability to display vertical text, support for
 user defined characters, input method selection at run time, and an
 on-the-spot input method capability. Print capabilities include a graphical
 interface for print job submission, a single API for both display and
 printing, printing support for Motif text and label widgets, help,
 calendar, mail and the text editor. In the process, CDE/Motif will be made
 thread safe and will include support for 64-bit architectures.

 The output of this PST joint development will be a merged CDE/Motif source
 package, a standalone version of Motif, and conformance tests for both CDE
 and Motif. Upon completion, the conformance test suites will be offered to
 X/Open for their branding purposes. Also offered to X/Open will be a merged
 style guide for CDE and Motif, the Motif Drag and Drop protocol, and API
 extensions to CDE and Motif.

 The first deliverable of the CDE/Motif PST will be a maintenance release
 for CDE 1.0 planned for the end of 1995. The schedule further calls for a
 CDE/Motif snapshot to be made available to licensees in mid-1996, with
 general availability of CDE/Motif scheduled for the end of 1996.

 For more information on CDE/Motif, you are invited to contact David Knorr,
 OSF CDE/Motif Business Area Manager, at +617-621-7227 or dknorr@osf.org.

 The Open Software Foundation delivers technology innovations in all areas
 of open systems, including interoperability, scalability, portability, and
 usability. OSF has created a coalition of worldwide vendors and users in
 industry, government and academia that leverage their economic investments
 by working together to provide the best open systems technology solutions
 for distributed computing environments. Headquartered in Cambridge, MA,
 with offices in Brussels, Grenoble and Tokyo, OSF has more then 380 members
 worldwide.
                                      ###

 OSF, OSF/Motif, and Open Software Foundation are trademarks of the Open
 Software Foundation, Inc.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 35)  How can I access OSF RFCs (Request For Comments)?

[Last modified: Jan 96]

Answer:

    Subj: How To Access OSF Request For Comments (RFCs)
    Date: Wed, 06 Dec 1995 15:56:40 -0500
    From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>

OSF Support Subscribers with access to the OSF Software Support Electronic
Archives (available via AFS) can now access OSF Request For Comments
(RFCs) in the directory /afs/syseng.osf.org/dce-archive/rfc.   OSF Support
Subscribers with AFS access and WWW browsers can reach these archives
through our OSF Software Support web site: http://web2.osf.org:8001


Instructions for FTP access: "ftp grabbag.osf.org" (130.105.100.2),
user="dce-rfc", password="dce-rfc", "cd dce-rfc", usual ftp commands.
Instructions for Internet email access: "mail dce-rfc-archive@osf.org",
subject line null, body has two lines that look like this:
        path <your-return-email-address>
        send rfc <rfc-name>
where <rfc-name> has one of two forms:
        rfc<M>.<m>.[roff|txt|ps]
        rfc-index.[roff|txt|ps]      <-- See this for list of all RFC's.
For full information about these and all other aspects of OSF-RFC's, see
the Introductory RFC 0.0 (rfc0.0.txt, which is considered REQUIRED
READING for all users of this series).  Authors of OSF-RFC's must also
consult the Template and Style Guide RFC 0.1 (rfc0.1.roff).


HISTORICAL NOTE: OSF-RFC numbers < 62 are also known as "DCE-RFC's".

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 36)  What is PST?

[Last modified: Dec 94]

A.  Kristen Knotts <uunet!osf.org!kjk> writes:

PST stands for Pre-structured Technology.  This is a new process, which
evolved from the 1993 COSE (Common Open Software Environment) initiative, used
by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) to procure and deliver technology to the
industry more quickly than the existing Request For Technology (RFT) process.

For more information on OSF and its acronyms (e.g., PST, RFT, RFC), contact
OSF Direct (direct@osf.org) or literature-request@osf.org.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 37)  Does OSF's PST process impact CDE evolution?

[Last modified: Dec 94]

A.  In response to some questions from Marc Prokop (prokop@acri.fr), Elizabeth
Connolly of Open Software Foundation wrote:


You're correct that CDE (1.0) was developed on Motif 1.2.  You're also
correct that OSF included in Motif 2.0 several extensions to Motif 1.2 that
were made by the CDE 1.0 implementors.  Despite OSF's inclusion of these
extensions, OSF is not involved in CDE 1.0 development.

As you may know, OSF has a new process, called the Pre-Structured
Technology (PST) process, for joint development projects.  Further
evolution of both CDE and Motif (that is, beyond CDE 1.0 and Motif 2.0)
is expected to be handled under this process.  In fact, a group of
companies is at work now on a PST proposal for submission to the OSF Board
of Directors.  Such a PST would provide for management of the
"compatibility" between Motif and CDE.

You could acquire more information about CDE 1.0 by querying one of
the companies involved in CDE 1.0 (HP, IBM, Novell, and Sunsoft.)


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 38)  Because of COSE, is Motif now in the public domain?

Answer:  The *specification* for Motif is no longer controlled by OSF, but by
X/Open.  This does not affect the *implementation*. The implementation is
still in the hands of OSF, and will not be released into the public domain.
So no, the OSF source code will still only be available to those who buy a
source code license from OSF.

The specification does not include UIL or obsolete features (ie 1.0 bugs in
design), but these will continue to be supported by the OSF code.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 39)  What is DCE?

[Last modified: Jan 96]

A.  DCE is an acronym for "Distributed Computing Environment". OSF maintains
an extensive WWW page concerning DCE at:

        http://www.osf.org/dce/index.html
        E-mail: dce-support-admin@osf.org
        Telephone: +1 617 621 8990

There is also the DCE Web Home Page at:

        http://www.osf.org/www/dceweb/DCE-Web-Home-Page.html


In Nov. 95, OSF sent mail to OSF DCE Source Licensees inviting them to
participate in the DCE Release 1.2.1 Early Access Program.  For details and an
application form, use the above e-mail or phone number.

There was a DCE User and Developer Conference (sponsored by Digital
Consulting, Inc.), August 21-23, 1995 in Boston, MA. See
http://www.DCIexpo.com/.

On May 22, 1995, a Warranty Patch for Release 1.1 of the OSF Distributed
Environment (DCE) was announced. On that same date, a draft of the OSF DCE 1.2
Contents Overview Request For Comment (RFC) document (RFC 63.1) was also made
available.

DCE is defined in "The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing"
(http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/) by Denis Howe <dbh@doc.ic.ac.uk>:

(DCE) An architecture consisting of standard programming interfaces,
conventions and server functionalities (eg. naming, distributed file system,
remote procedure call) for distributing applications transparently across
networks of heterogeneous computers. DCE is promoted and controlled by the
Open Software Foundation (OSF).

Kristen Knotts <uunet!osf.org!kjk> wrote:

NEWTON, MA, November 1, 1994 -- The Open Software Foundation today announced
the general availability of Release 1.1 of the Distributed Computing
Environment (DCE).  This release includes,

- Major new enhancements to system administration, including a consolidated
interface for administration throughout DCE, plus a capability allowing for
the remote start-up and shut-down of remote services;

- Enhancements to security, including a Generic Security Service API (GSSAPI)
which allows non-RPC based systems to take advantage of DCE security, extended
registry attributes allowing various proprietary systems to be  registered in
the DCE security registry, as well as security delegation and auditing
capabilities;

- Enhancements to internationalization which include standardized POSIX and
X/Open interfaces and provide character code set  interoperability and

- General performance enhancements.

Contact:  Jane Smeloff, Open Software Foundation, (617) 621-8997

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 40)  What is the current version of DCE?

[Last modified: Mar 96]

Answer:  A snapshot of DCE 1.2.1 was released in February 1996. An excerpt
from an OSF email message follows:

    To: OSF.DCE.Support.Subscribers:;@osf.org
    Subject: Early Access To Release 1.2.1 Of DCE -- An Update
    Date: Fri, 09 Feb 1996 17:33:33 -0500
    From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>

    To: OSF DCE Support Subscribers and 1.2.1 Early Access Participants
    From:               OSF Systems Engineering

A snapshot of the OSF DCE 1.2.1 source tree is now available.  DCE
Support Subscribers with electronic access to the OSF DCE 1.2.1
Early Access Electronic Archives can pick up this snapshot
electronically.  The AFS path is:

        /afs/syseng.osf.org/dce-archive/dce1.2-snapshot

This directory contains a README file.  The README file describes
the archive contents and structure as well as basic build procedures.

About This Snapshot Release
===========================

This snapshot release of the DCE 1.2 source tree contains source
code, current as of February 5, 1996, which represents the successive
integration of the DCE 1.1 GA release, the DCE 1.1 unintegrated
code, the DCE 1.1 Warranty Patch plus some new functionality in
the form of an Extended IDL Compiler for C++ support, an ONC gateway
(providing support for @HOST and @SYS file naming), and DCECP
enhancements as well as a substantial number of defect fixes.

Please note that the code in this initial snapshot release is
intended primarily for informational purposes.  We anticipate
that additional snapshots will be made available in the near
future which contain enhancements and defect fixes to DFS and
the DFAM functionality.

    [...stuff deleted...]

If you have any questions, please call us at +1 617 621-8990 or send
e-mail to dce-defect@osf.org

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 41)  What is WebWare? DCE Web? WebMail? Ariadne? OreO? Group Server?

[Last modified: June 95]

A.  Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org> posted the following message about the OSF
Research Institute's WebWare on 25 May 1995. However, the URL mentioned in the
message should be either:

        http://www.osf.org/www/ - Interoperability Program (WWW), or
        http://www.osf.org/RI/  - Research Institute

Kristen wrote:

  To: OSF.Service.Subscribers:;@osf.org
  Subject: OSF Announces Web Software -- FREE for Non-Commercial Use
  Date: Thu, 25 May 1995 16:04:44 -0400
  From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>

  To:   OSF Service Subscribers

  From: The Open Software Foundation

          OSF Research Institute Announces
        WebWare Advanced Technology Program
      Web Software FREE for Non-Commercial Use

The Open Software Foundation Research Institute announced on April 26, 1995 a
new licensing model that provides free software under its WebWare Advanced
Technology Program for research, evaluation and internal use.

"The University of Illinois pioneered an Internet-based licensing paradigm
that makes innovative software available free of charge for research,
evaluation and internal use, via anonymous ftp (file transfer protocol)," said
Dr. Ira Goldstein, Executive Vice President and Chief Scientist of OSF.  "This
paradigm has contributed to the extremely rapid dissemination of technology on
the World-Wide Web (WWW), with the Research Institute adopting this approach
for its contributions to Web technology."

Currently, the following technologies are available:

* DCE Web -- Based on the OSF DCE technology, this research prototype uses the
WWW interface to provide companies, departments and other organizations with
secure, efficient distribution of documents.  It permits authentication of all
requests, encryption of transmitted data, and control over access to documents
based on the individual and group identities of the requester.  The DCE Web
also offers an efficient name service to facilitate the location of documents
in a dynamic environment.  An OSF DCE license is needed to access this
technology.

* WebMail -- Research prototype that provides electronic mail functionality
from within the Web environment for seamless integration with other Web
documents.  Functionality includes: retrieve, delete, reply, compose, forward,
save, index by subject, sender and date as well as write-access.

* Ariadne -- Research prototype that provides a simple- to- modify browser for
the WWW.  It offers two extensions: a "back channel" that allows remote
control through TCP from anywhere on the Internet; and a graphical history
tree that shows the documents which have been viewed during the current
session.

* OreO -- Research prototype that makes it easier to build specific agents for
transactions with the WWW, allowing them to be used in a pipeline anywhere
between a traditional Web client (or browser like Ariadne or commercial
browsers such as NetScape or Mosaic) and a real server.

* Group Server -- Research prototype that supports cooperative authoring
activities.  Based primarily on the use of CGI scripts for exiting Web servers
(HTTP daemons), it builds on top of the existing authentication protocols to
provide access controls appropriate for a group authoring environment.

Software code for the Research Institute's WebWare technologies is available
for research, evaluation and internal use.  The code can be acquired by
accessing the RI web, URL http://riwww.osf.org/.  Redistribution rights for
each technology require a Commercial License which can be obtained from OSF.

Future technology advances to enhance personal, group and enterprise-wide use
of the Web are under development.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 42)  What is Unified Login with PAM?

[Last modified: Nov 95]

Answer:  PAM is Pluggable Authentication Modules. It is described in the OSF-
RFC announced below:


 To: OSF.Service.Subscribers:;@osf.org
 Subject: OSF Request For Comment (RFC) 86.0 -- Unified Login with PAM
 Date: Thu, 19 Oct 1995 17:12:58 -0400
 From: Kristen Knotts <kjk@osf.org>


                      *** OSF-RFC ANNOUNCEMENT ***

The following OSF-RFC has just been published:

   =====================================================================
   86.0  V. Samar, R. Schemers, "Unified Login with Pluggable
         Authentication Modules (PAM)", October 1995.
         Bytes: roff=72100, txt=67947, ps=233179; pages: txt=28, ps=19.

   Since low-level authentication mechanisms constantly evolve, it is
   important to shield the high-level consumers of these mechanisms
   (system-entry services and users) from such low-level changes.  With
   the Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) framework, we can provide
   pluggability for a variety of system-entry services -- not just
   system authentication _per se_, but also for account, session and
   password management.  PAM's ability to _stack_ authentication modules
   can be used to integrate `login' with different authentication
   mechanisms such as RSA, DCE, and Kerberos, and thus unify login
   mechanisms.  The PAM framework can also provide easy integration of
   smart cards into the system.

   PAM provides complementary functionality to GSS-API, in that it
   provides mechanisms through which the user gets authenticated to any
   new system-level authentication service on the machine.  GSS-API then
   uses the credentials for authenticated and secure communications with
   other application-level service entities on the network.
   =====================================================================

/* Instructions for FTP access: "ftp grabbag.osf.org" (130.105.100.2),
user="dce-rfc", password="dce-rfc", "cd dce-rfc", usual ftp commands.
Instructions for Internet email access: "mail dce-rfc-archive@osf.org",
subject line null, body has two lines that look like this:
        path <your-return-email-address>
        send rfc <rfc-name>
where <rfc-name> has one of two forms:
        rfc<M>.<m>.[roff|txt|ps]
        rfc-index.[roff|txt|ps]      <-- See this for list of all RFC's.
For full information about these and all other aspects of OSF-RFC's, see
the Introductory RFC 0.0 (rfc0.0.txt, which is considered REQUIRED
READING for all users of this series).  Authors of OSF-RFC's must also
consult the Template and Style Guide RFC 0.1 (rfc0.1.roff).
HISTORICAL NOTE: OSF-RFC numbers < 62 are also known as "DCE-RFC's". */

- Walt Tuvell (OSF), OSF-RFC Editor, walt@osf.org, +1-617-621-8764

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 43)  Where can I get public domain Motif source?

Answer:  You cannot.  Motif source is not publically available.  However, see
"Has anyone done a public domain Motif lookalike?"


-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 44)  Are Motif code examples publically available?

[Last modified: May 95]

Answer:  OSF has produced a list of which of the example programs can be
distributed. Call OSF Direct for a copy of it.  Most of the example programs
have been freed from distribution limitations so should be available.

Source code posted to comp.sources.x often uses Motif.

In addition, many Motif programs are available via anonymous ftp from
ftp.x.org. The following are listed alphabetically by author.  (See the
"BOOKS" topic.)

If you don't understand the URL notation below, see 'What is an URL?' subject.

Thomas Berlages's book:
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/berlage.motif.tar.Z

Dan Heller's book:
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/OReilly/motif/examples.tar.Z

Donald L. McMinds's book:
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/mastering.motif.tar.Z and
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/master.1.2.tar.Z

Jan Newmarch's book:
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/newmarch.tar.Z

Jerry Smith's book:
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/smith.ooxt.tar.Z

Doug Young's source code for the current editions of his several books:
    ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/book_examples/young.cxx.tar.Z
    ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/book_examples/young2.motif.tar.Z
    ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/book_examples/young.debug.tar.Z

Doug Young's examples for OLDER editions of his books:
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/young.cxx.tar.Z
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/young.motif.tar.Z
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/young.motif2.tar.Z
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/young.tar.Z

Examples appearing in "The X Resource" (by O'Reilly and Associates) appear
organized by issue in the directory:
    ftp://ftp.ora.com/pub/examples/xresource or:
    ftp://ftp.uu.net/published/oreilly/xresource

Examples from O'Reilly and Associates books can be found in subdirectories of:
    ftp://ftp.ora.com/pub/examples/xbook or:
    ftp://ftp.uu.net/published/oreilly/xbook


Also from a list maintained by: qizeng@acsu.buffalo.edu (Qi Y. Zeng) FTP sites
for X/MOTIF source code examples:

    ftp://ftp.uu.net/published/books/brain.motif.tar.Z
    ftp://ftp.uu.net/published/books/pwm-examples.tar.Z

Marshall Brain's Motif tutorials can be found at:

    http://www.iftech.com/

Thanks to Steve Swanson <swany@math.lsa.umich.edu>, the following code
examples correspond to Programming with Motif, Keith D. Gregory, Springer-
Verlag, 1992, which apparently is more suited for Motif/X beginners.
    ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/pwm-xmpl.tar.Z

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 45)  Has anyone done a public domain Motif lookalike?

[Last modified: Jan 96]

Answer:  The specification is available (AES), and the validation suite can be
bought, but no-one has taken up the challenge.  There are some commercial
lookalikes (Looking Glass and Neuron Data), but no workalikes.

Applications that follow the Style Guide might be certified Motif-compliant
through the checklist process, even though they're not using OSF/Motif
binaries.

(Added Sept 95; Updated Jan 96)
LessTif is the Hungry Programmers' version of OSF/Motif. It will be source
code compatible with Motif, meaning that the same source will compile with
both libraries and work exactly the same. [Thanks to John W. Carbone,
jwc@li.net, and Chris Toshok (toshok@cs.uidaho.edu)] See:

        http://www.hungry.com:8000/products/lesstif/

(Updated Sept 95)
Tcl/Tk is available for ftp from allspice.berkeley.edu, and although
implemented without Xt, has a "strict Motif" mode. There is also Tix, the Tk
Interface Extension. See:

        http://www.sunlabs.com/research/tcl/
        http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~ioi/tix/tix.html

Strom Sytems (18666 Redmond Way o-2118, Redmond, WA 98052-6725) have a Simple
Toolkit for X-Windows (sic) that appears to follow the Style Guide even though
it doesn't quite look like Motif.

MOOLIT is a USL product that can be runtime switched between the Sun Open Look
and Motif appearance.  It is based on  OLIT 4i.

Interviews is a C++ based product with appearance similar to Motif.  A ftp-
able version is on interviews.stanford.edu.  A commercial version is available
as InterViews Plus.

Simon J. Lyall (simon@darkmere.midland.co.nz) reported about a package called:
Xu-lib & Widget Set- a library & widget set to "emulate" the look&feel and the
programming interface of OSF/Motif. Contact the author Udo Baumgart
(U.BAUMGART@ldb.han.de) for details.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: 46)  Does anyone from OSF pay attention to our questions/suggestions?

Answer:  Yes, and they quite often post answers too. But they may not respond
to *your* problem because they have other things to do as well.  This
newsgroup is not run by OSF, and has no formal connection with OSF.  OSF is a
member-driven company.  The membership (and anyone can be a member) provides
the primary input for future development of Motif.

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Subject: 47)  Does OSF have an application compliance validation service?

Answer:  They have a checklist and a certification process which you can
request from them.  Ask for the Level One Certification Checklist.  The
process is one of self-certification.  It tests only the appearance and
behavior of the application against Motif style.  The product will also be put
in the OSF reference listing.  There's a one-time fee of $250.  According to
the master license agreement, you can't use any OSF identifying mark unless
you have done a certification.

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Subject: 48)  What is the motif-talk mailing list?

Answer:  The motif-talk mailing list is only for those who have purchased a
Motif source code license. You can be placed on this list by emailing to
motif-talk-request@osf.org, citing your Company name and source license
number.

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Subject: 49)  What MIT patches do I use, and when do I use fix-osf?

Answer:  The Motif 1.1.0 tape contains MIT patches 1-14. Apply these and any
others you can get.  If your MIT patch level only goes up to fix-16, you also
need to apply fix-osf.  Fix-osf was an emergency patch for a problem that
existed when the Motif 1.1 tape was cut, The MIT fix-17 completely superseded
osf-fix, so if you have applied fix-17 do not apply fix-osf.  The 1.1.1 tape
contains MIT fixes 15-18, as well as an OSF-developed fix that deals with a
subtle bug in the Selection mechanism of the Intrinsics.  Most people will
have fix-15 to 18 by now; if you don't have them:

        Back out fix-osf if you have applied it
        Apply fix-15 to 18
        Apply fix-osf-1.1.1

The Selection fix was submitted to MIT, who came up with a different fix.  It
will not be made into an R4 fix but should be in R5. The MIT fix was posted to
motif-talk.

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Subject: 50)  How does Motif work with X11R5?

Answer:  Motif 1.1.X is only intended to be built with X11R4.  Motif 1.2.X is
for X11R5.  however, Motif 1.1.4 has been set to also work with X11R5.

For Motif 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 you will need to compile Xlib and Xt with a
MOTIFBC flag set to YES (page 8, section 3.3 of the R5 release notes), or
you'll also have a link problem (LowerCase) and a fatal run time problem
(XContext manager).  If your applications come up with "Unknown keysym name:
osfActivate" errors, check the variable ProjectRoot. The name
/$PROJECTROOT/lib/XKeysymDB will have been wired into your Xlib.

In Motif 1.1.0, XtCallCallback uses NULL as the first argument instead of a
widget ID. This was ok under R4, but must be changed in the source for R5. It
was changed by OSF from Motif 1.1.1 onward.

Mrm won't work at all (can't link since it uses an X private variable that has
disappeared in R5).  There is an MIT patch that may fix this??

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END OF PART TWO
