WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                              STATE OF CALIFORNIA

                     GOVERNOR'S OFFICE OF EMERGENCY SERVICES



                                   MULTIHAZARD

                               FUNCTIONAL PLANNING

                                    GUIDANCE






                            STATE OF CALIFORNIA SEAL





























George Deukmejian
1987






     Governor
























                           PLANNING GUIDANCE BLUEPRINT















































                                   CONTENTS

                                                                    PAGE NO.


Director's Memorandum                                                   i
Title Page                                                              ii
Table of Contents                                                       iii
Foreward                                                                 v



                                   PART ONE

BASIC PLAN

    Enclosures:

    Appendix 1 - Hazard-Specific Situations

                                   PART TWO

ANNEXES

    Annex A - Managing Emergency Operations

    Annex B - Fire and Rescue Operations

    Annex C - Law Enforcement and Traffic Control Operations

    Annex D - Medical Operations

    Annex E - Public Health Operations

    Annex F - Coroner Operations

    Annex G - Care and Shelter Operations

    Annex H - Movement Operations

    Annex I - Rescue Operations

    Annex J - Construction and Engineering Operations

    Annex K - Resources and Support Operations

    Annex R - Radiological Protection


                                  PART THREE

OPERATIONAL DATA

    Enclosures


                                       iii







































NOTE:

                                  COLORATION

Colored pages have been used to designate specific portions of the material: 

    Blue           Contents pages for the complete document, Part 1,
                   Part 2, and Part 3
    Green          Contents pages for the Annexes (A-R)
    Goldenrod      Contents pages for the appendices
    Yellow         Portions to be replaced with versions developed by
                   the political subdivision
    White          Common or "generic" text which provides information
                   and which is not expected to require alteration
    Buff           Examples of hazard-specific situations



                                       iv



WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                   FOREWORD

This Emergency Plan addresses the jurisdiction's planned response to
extraordinary emergency situations associated with natural disasters,
technological incidents, and nuclear defense operations.  The plan does not
apply to normal day-to-day emergencies and the well-established and routine
procedures used in coping with such emergencies.  Instead, the operational
concepts reflected in this plan focus on potential large-scale disasters which
can generate unique situations requiring unusual responses.  Such disasters
pose major threats to life and property and can impact the well-being of large
numbers of people. 

The plan should be considered as a preparedness document--intended to be read
and understood before an emergency.  It is designed to include the
jurisdiction as part of a statewide emergency management system. 

The plan has been organized into three parts as follows: 

Part One is the Basic Plan which provides overall organizational and
operational concepts for responding to various types of identified hazards
that may impact the jurisdiction. 

Part Two includes twelve functional Annexes which describe the emergency
response organization.  Each Annex is supported by Appendices that provide
Emergency Action Checklists for hazard-specific responses. 

Part Three contains operational data such as listings of resources, key
personnel, essential facilities (lodging, feeding, fallout shelters, etc.),
contacts, and other data needed for conducting emergency operations. 

Individuals and agencies assigned emergency responsibilities within this plan
will prepare appropriate supporting plans and related Standing Operating
Procedures, periodically review and update alerting procedures and resource
listings, and maintain an acceptable level of preparedness to implement
portions or all of the plan. 

This plan shall be activated under any of the following conditions:

  o  On the order of the official designated by local ordinance, provided the
     existence or threatened existence of a LOCAL EMERGENCY has been
     proclaimed in accordance with the appropriate emergency ordinance. 

  o  When the Governor has proclaimed a STATE OF EMERGENCY in an area
     including this jurisdiction. 

  o  Automatically on the proclamation of a STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY as defined
     by the California Emergency Services Act. 

  o  By a Presidential declaration of a National Emergency. 

  o  Automatically on receipt of an attack warning or the observation of a
     nuclear detonation. 




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WORKlNG DRAFT (02/87)

                                    Part One

                                   BASIC PLAN

                                    CONTENTS

                                                                   Page Number

1.1   Purpose                                                           1-1

1.2   Authorities and References

1.3   Preparedness Elements

1.4   Situation

1.5   Concept of Operations

      1.5.1   General

              1.5.1.1  Pre-Emergency Period                             1-2

                       Normal Preparedness Phase
                       Increased Readiness Phase

              1.5.1.2  Emergency Period

                       Pre-Impact Phase
                       Immediate Impact Phase
                       Sustained Emergency Phase

              1.5.1.3  Post-Emergency Period (Recovery)

      1.5.2   Peacetime Emergencies                                     1-6

              Level I
              Level II
              Level III

      1.5.3   War Emergencies

1.6   Statewide Emergency Management System                             1-7

      1.6.1   Local Emergency Management                                1-8

              1.6.1.1 Incident Level Emergency Management System
              1.6.1.2 Jurisdiction Level Management

      1.6.2   Operational Area Emergency Management
      1.6.3   Mutual Aid Region Emergency Management                    1-9
      1.6.4   State Emergency Management
      1.6.5   Federal Emergency Management







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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                                                     Page No.
1.7   Emergency Functions                                            1-9

      Managing Emergency Operations                                  1-11
      Fire and Rescue 0perations
      Law Enforcement and Traffic Control Operations
      Medical Operations
      Public Health Operations
      Coroner Operations
      Care and Shelter Operations
      Movement Operations
      Rescue Operations
      Construction and Engineering Operations
      Resources and Support Operations
      Radiological Protection

1.8   Emergency Resources Management                                  1-12

1.9   Continuity of Government

1.10  Public Awareness and Education                                  1-16

1.11  Training, Tests, and Exercises


Enclosures

1-1  Authorities and References

     Attachments: 

       1-1-A  State of Emergency Orders and Regulations
       1-1-B  State of War Emergency Orders and Regulations
       1-1-C  Local Authorities and References


1-2  Hazard Mitigation

     Attachments: 

       1-2-A  Extract, Section 406, Public Law 93-288
       1-2-B  Hazard Mitigation Addition to the
              Federal/State Agreement
       1-2-C  Hazard Mitigation Definitions


1-3  Mutual Aid

     Attachments: 

       1-3-A  California Disaster and Civil Defense Master
              Mutual Aid Agreement
       1-3-B  Local Mutual Aid Agreement






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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                                                     Page No.

1-4  Continuity of Government

     Attachment: 

       1-4-A  Standby Officers for the Local Governing Body


1-5  Glossary of Terms


Appendix 1 - Hazard-Specific Situations














































                                      1-iii
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                    Part One

                                   BASIC PLAN

1.1  Purpose

The Basic Plan addresses the jurisdiction's planned response to extraordinary
emergency situations associated with natural disasters, technological
incidents, and nuclear defense operations.  It provides operational concepts
relating to the various emergency situations, identifies components of the
Local Emergency Management Organization, and describes the overall
responsibilities of the organization for protecting life and property and
assuring the overall well-being of the population.  The plan also identifies
the sources of outside support which might be provided (through mutual aid and
specific statutory authorities) by other jurisdictions, state and federal
agencies, and the private sector. 


1.2  Authorities and References

Emergency operations will be conducted as outlined under 1.5, Concept of
Operations, and in accordance with the enabling legislation, plans, and
agreements listed in Enclosure 1-1, Authorities and References.


1.3  Preparedness Elements

In view of the jurisdiction's susceptibility and vulnerability to natural
disasters, techno1ogical incidents, and nuclear defense emergencies,
continuing emphasis will be placed on:  emergency planning; training of full-
time, auxiliary and reserve personnel; public awareness and education; and
assuring the adequacy and availability of sufficient resources to cope with
such emergencies.  Emphasis will also be placed on mitigation measures to
reduce losses from disasters, including the development and enforcement of
appropriate land use, design and construction regulations (see Enclosure 1-2,
Hazard Mitigation). 


1.4  Situation

A hazard analysis has indicated that the jurisdiction may be at risk to
numerous hazards associated with natural disasters, technological incidents,
and nuclear defense situations.  These hazards are identified in Appendix 1,
Hazard-Specific Situations, which also provides general and specific
information on their possible impact on the jurisdiction. 


1.5  Concept of Operations

1.5.1  General

Concepts presented for peacetime emergencies consider the full spectrum from a
minor involvement to total involvement from a destructive impact, with the






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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

worst-case situation being one associated with the occurrence of a major
earthquake.  The concepts for war emergencies progress up to and include a
nuclear detonation, particularly as they relate to attack, which can occur
with or without warning.  There are a number of similarities in operational
concepts for peacetime emergencies and war emergencies.  These are combined
below as applicable. 

Some emergencies will be preceded by a buildup period which, if recognized and
utilized, can provide advance warning to those areas and/or population groups
which might be affected.  Other emergencies occur with little or no advance
warning, thus requiring mobilization and commitment of the jurisdiction's
resources just prior to or after the onset of the emergency situation.  All
agencies must be prepared to respond promptly and effectively to any
foreseeable emergency to include the provision and utilization of mutual aid
(see Enclosure 1-3, Mutual Aid). 

In consideration of all possible disaster situations, this plan will be
implemented in three periods, with related phases, as time and circumstances
permit. 


1.5.1.1  Pre-Emergency Period

The Pre-Emergency Period is divided into two phases as follows: 


     Normal Preparedness Phase

     Agencies having emergency responsibilities assigned in this plan will
     prepare supporting plans, Standard Operating Procedures (S0Ps), and
     checklists detailing the disposition of their resources in an emergency. 
     Such plans and procedures will provide for coordination and communication
     channels with counterpart agencies and organizations of other jurisdic-
     tions.  Resource listings will also be prepared and maintained current. 


     Increased Readiness Phase

     This phase could begin upon the issuance of an accreditable long-term
     earthquake prediction, the receipt of a flood advisory that could impact
     the jurisdiction, or a rapidly deteriorating international situation that
     could lead to a possible attack upon the United States, or the warning by
     a terrorist group of the proposed use of a nuclear weapon. Increased
     readiness actions will include reviewing and updating plans, SOPs and
     resource information, increasing public information efforts, accelerating
     training programs, inspecting, dispensing and/or relocating equipment,
     and taking other feasible measures.  Available resources, to include
     auxiliaries and reserves, will be mobilized. 


1.5.1.2  Emergency Period

The Emergency Period is divided into three phases as follows: 


* These phases do not reflect the levels of nuclear power plant emergencies.



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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     Pre-Impact Phase

     Most actions to be accomplished during this phase would be precautionary
     and would be centered around taking appropriate countermeasures to
     protect people.  Response actions could be based on developing situations
     associated with a: 

     o  Slow-rise flood
     o  Nuclear power plant incident
     o  Warning of an imminent volcanic eruption
     o  Tsunami watch/warning
     o  Hazardous materials incident
     o  War emergency
     o  Possible dam failure
     o  Approaching wildland fire
     o  Short-term earthquake prediction. 
     o  Nuclear terrorist threat
     o  Report of loss or damage of a nuclear weapon

     Actions accomplished during this phase may be concentrated on the
     movement of people from identified hazard areas to safer, lower risk
     areas, and on providing food, lodging, and shelter for the people in the
     reception areas.  The following would be applicable: 

     o  Warning threatened elements of the population and initiating movement
        operations as necessary. 

     o  Advising agencies to activate resources; advising the Office of
        Emergency Services (OES) Mutual Aid Region of emergencies; and
        preparing for the receipt and application of mutual aid. 

     o  If it is determined that state and possible federal aid will be
        needed, a LOCAL EMERGENCY will be proclaimed as prescribed by local
        ordinance and a formal request will be submitted through State OES
        requesting that the Governor proclaim a STATE 0F EMERGENCY. 

     o  Should the possible or expected emergency not develop, all alerted
        agencies will be promptly notified. 

     o  As provided in the California Emergency Plan, state agencies will
        provide assistance to threatened or stricken areas.  State agency
        representatives will establish liaison with their local counterparts
        to relay information and mutual aid requests.  The OES Regional
        Manager will coordinate intra-regional mutual aid and state assistance
        as necessary. 

     o  If a war appears imminent, the Governor may proclaim a STATE OF WAR
        EMERGENCY.

     Immediate Impact Phase

     Actions taken during this phase will be concentrating on the well-being
     of people affected by the occurrence of an event such as a major
     earthquake, the release of hazardous materials, a large fire or
     explosion, a volcanic eruption, a nuclear terrorist threat, or attack. 
     The impact of the disaster agent may be destructive or it may create an
     exposure hazard. 


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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     One of the following conditions will apply in the Immediate Impact Phase.
     The jurisdiction is either: 

     o  Damaged or exposed, and the situation can be controlled by in-place
        countermeasures. 

     o  Damaged or exposed and evacuation of all or part of the area is
        required because immediate and ensuing threats are uncontrollable;

     o  Close to the affected area and can be called upon to provide direct
        and immediate support to emergency operations in the affected area; or

     o  Distant from the affected area and can be called upon to provide
        back-up support. 

     Each element of the Emergency Management Organization will operate
     according to the provisions of the appropriate Annex in this plan and any
     pertinent SOPs.  Priority will be given to the following operations: 

     o  Disseminating warning, emergency public information, and other advice
        and action instructions to the public. 

     o  Surveying and evaluating the emergency situation. 

     o  Mobilizing, allocating, and positioning personnel and equipment.

     o  Conducting evacuation and/or rescue operations as required.

     o  Providing for the care and treatment of casualties. 

     o  Collecting, identifying, and disposing of dead persons. 

     o  Providing for the mass care (food, lodging, etc.) needs of displaced
        persons. 

     o  Enforcing police powers in controlling the locations and movement of
        people, establishing access controls, erecting traffic barricades,
        etc. 

     o  Implementing health and safety measures. 

     o  Protecting, controlling, and allocating vital resources. 

     o  Advising industry, schools, and businesses of possible phased
        shutdowns. 

     o  Restoring or activating essential facilities and systems. 

     When local resources are committed to the maximum and additional material
     and/or personnel are required to respond to the emergency, requests for
     mutual aid will be initiated.  Fire and law enforcement agencies will
     request or render mutual aid directly through established channels.  Any
     action which involves financial outlay by the jurisdiction, or a request
     for military assistance, must be authorized by the appropriate local 





                                      1-4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     official.  If the situation dictates, State OES will coordinate the
     establishment of one, or more, Disaster Support Areas (DSAs) where
     resources and supplies can be received, stockpiled, allocated, and
     dispatched to support operations in the affected area(s). 

     State OES may also activate and staff the State Operations Center (SOC)
     at the OES Headquarters in Sacramento to coordinate and support
     operations in affected areas and control the response efforts of state
     and federal agencies in supporting local governmental operations.  The
     SOC may be further supported by a State Coordination Center to be
     activated by OES at the Mutual Aid Region Headquarters within the
     affected area or at a DSA. 

     The State OES Director will assist the Governor with the direction and
     coordination of the activities of the several departments and agencies of
     state government, and will coordinate and support the emergency
     operations conducted by, and under the leadership of, local governments. 

     If the situation so warrants, a LOCAL EMERGENCY will be proclaimed, the
     local Emergency Operating Center (EOC) will be activated and staffed, and
     State OES will be advised accordingly.  If deemed appropriate, the State
     OES Director will recommend to the Governor that a STATE OF EMERGENCY be
     proclaimed in affected areas and, as required, in areas from which mutual
     aid might be needed.  During this time, state agencies will, commensurate
     with their capabilities, be expected to immediately respond to requests
     from affected areas for assistance.  These activities will be coordinated
     with the State OES Director. 

     If the Governor requests and receives a Presidential declaration of an
     EMERGENCY or a MAJ0R DISASTER under Public Law 93-288 (Federal Disaster
     Relief Act of 1974), he will appoint a State Coordinating Officer (SCO). 
     A duly appointed Federal Coordinating Officer (FC0) and the SCO will
     coordinate and control state and federal efforts in supporting local
     operations. 

     Sustained Emergency Phase

     As early lifesaving and property-protecting actions continue, attention
     can be given to other priority activities.  Emphasis should be on actions
     to help displaced persons and the securing of dangerous areas.  Activity
     during this phase includes:  more definitive medical treatment; operation
     of mass care facilities; registration of displaced persons; reuniting of
     family members; and detailed damage assessment. 

     After the immediate needs (rescue, medical care, emergency shelter, food,
     and clothing) of people have been met, governmental actions will be taken
     to fulfill their rehabilitation needs.  Through coordination between the
     FCO, the SC0, and local government representatives, an adequate number of
     Disaster Assistance Centers (DACs) will be established and staffed by
     representatives of federal, state, and local governmental agencies,
     private service organizations, and representatives of the private sector.
      DACs will provide disaster victims a "one-stop" service in meeting their
     emergency and/or rehabilitation needs. 






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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

1.5.1.3  Post-Emergency Period (Recovery)

At the earliest feasible time, the State OES Director, operating through the 
designated SCO, will bring together state agency representatives, and
appropriate local, federal, and American Red Cross officials to coordinate the
implementing of state and federal assistance programs and establish support
priorities.  Details, policies and procedures for rehabilitation and recovery
activities are provided in the State Disaster Assistance Procedurel Manual
(published and issued separately). 

Each represented agency will take action to satisfy identified recovery needs.
 This action will include broad dissemination, through all available media, of
guidance to the affected public as to where, when, and how they may receive
assistance. 

The Post-Emergency Period has major objectives which may be overlapping:  1)
reinstatement of family autonomy;  2) provision of essential public services;
3) permanent restoration of private and public property;  4) reinstatement of
public services; and  5) research to uncover residual hazards, advance
knowledge of disaster phenomena, and the improvement of future emergency
operations. 

1.5.2  Peacetime Emergencies

The jurisdiction's partial or total response to natural disasters or
technological incidents will be dictated by the type and magnitude of the
emergency.  Generally, response to a major peacetime emergency situation will
progress from local, to regional, to state, to federal involvement. 

For planning purposes, State OES has established 3 levels of emergency
response to peacetime emergencies which are based on the severity of the
situation and the availability of local resources. (Note: These levels do not
d
irectly correlate with the 4 classifications of nuclear power emergencies.)

     Level I

     A minor to moderate incident wherein local resources are adequate and
     available.  A LOCAL EMERGENCY may or may not be proclaimed. 

     Level II

     A moderate to severe emergency wherein local resources are not adequate
     and mutual aid may be required on a regional or even statewide basis.  A
     LOCAL EMERGENCY will be proclaimed and a STATE OF EMERGENCY might be
     proclaimed. 

     Level III

     A major disaster wherein resources in or near the impacted area are
     overwhelmed and extensive state and/or federal resources are required.  A
     LOCAL EMERGENCY and a STATE OF EMERGENCY will be proclaimed and a
     Presidential declaration of an EMERGENCY or MAJOR DISASTER will be
     requested. 






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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

Specific operational concepts, to include the emergency response actions of
the various elements of the Emergency Management Organization, are reflected
in Annexes to this plan. 

1.5.3  War Emergencies

Because of the serious consequences of a nuclear terrorist detonation, or
attack, whether nuclear or conventional, plans and procedures for war
emergencies include provisions for:

     o  Identifying the best available shelter from direct weapons effects for
        those persons in hazard areas. 

     o  Improving the shelter capability in all areas by emergency upgrading
        of already existing buildings and/or by emergency construction of
        expedient shelters. 

     o  Notifying/advising people as to shelter location/necessary resources.

Population protection measures are desired in war or nuclear terrorist
emergencies because of the shortage of direct effects shelters. In such
instances, people will need the best in-place protection available.  

Operations during nuclear weapons emergencies will be governed by essential
actions relating to increased readiness, and nuclear detonation (with or
without warning).  Specific operational concepts are reflected in the Annexes
to this plan. 


1.6  Statewide Emergency Management System

In a peacetime emergency, as contrasted with a war emergency, governmental
response is an extraordinary extension of responsibility and activity, coupled
with normal day-to-day activity.  Thus, to ensure continued overall
effectiveness, normal governmental structures will be maintained with
emergency operations being limited to those agencies assigned specific
emergency functions.  More importantly, a system, or systems, must come into
being for the purpose of exercising overall operational control (management)
or coordination of emergency operations. 

Fully activated, the Statewide Emergency Management System consists of the
Emergency Management staffs of all local jurisdictions, Operational Areas
(countywide), OES Mutual Aid Regions (two or more counties) and State
Government.  Local jurisdictions would be responsible for directing and/or
coordinating emergency operations, with the other levels being responsible for
coordinating and/or providing support to the local jurisdictions.  Specific
details relative to the organization and responsibilities of the Emergency 












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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

Management staffs at each of the levels are provided in Annex A, Managing
Emergency Operations.

The utilization of all, or part, of each of the levels will be dictated by the
situation.  For example, if an incident requires only fire or law enforcement
mutual aid support, requests for support will be submitted through established
channels (local jurisdiction to the Operational Area Coordinator for that
service and, if required, to the Mutual Aid Regional Coordinator). 

1.6.1  Local Emergency Management

1.6.1.1  Incident Level Emergency Management System

Incident Emergency Management Systems are designed to provide for the local
on-scene management of wildland fires, hazardous material incidents,
transportation accidents, and other natural or man-caused emergencies.  Such
systems provide a standardized organizational structure and terminology and
procedures.  Such systems are very flexible and adaptable to any kind of
emergency management situation. 

One example of an Incident Emergency Management System is the Incident Command
System (ICS).  The ICS organizational structure is based around five principal
activities performed at any incident.  These are:  Command, Operations,
Planning, Logistics, and Finance.  The ICS Organization allows for a modular
and rapid expansion to meet the needs imposed by the incident.  The ICS can be
used during any serious multidisciplinary (e.g., fire, law, medical) emergency
within a jurisdiction, and is particularly useful for any kind of incident
involving multiple jurisdictions and agencies. 

Some incidents, particularly those involving hazardous materials, can escalate
to areawide emergencies requiring further activation of the emergency
management system.  In areawide emergencies, one or more Incident Command
Posts may be established to assist in managing emergency operations. 

The local Incident Emergency Management System is described in Enclosure A-l,
Annex A.

1.6.1.2  Jurisdiction Level Management

The local level of the Emergency Management System consists of the Emergency
Management staffs of cities, which are responsible for their respective
jurisdictional areas, and the staffs of counties, which are responsible for
the unincorporated areas of counties.  Staffs of the latter might also
function as Operational Area Emergency Management staffs. 

Local jurisdictions may provide overall emergency management in three
different modes: 

     (1)  Decentralized coordination and direction (no local EOC activation). 

     (2)  Centralized coordination and decentralized direction (activation of
          EOC for coordination purposes only). 







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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


     (3)   Centralized coordination and direction (all activities directed
           from the EOC). 

Specific details about those modes are included in Annex A, Managing Emergency
Operations.

1.6.2  0perational Area Emergency Management

Section 8605 of the Emergency Services Act designates each county as an
Operational Area.  Use of the Operational Area to coordinate emergency
activities and to serve as a link in the communications system is required in
a STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY.  Use of the Operational Area during a STATE OF
EMERGENCY or a LOCAL EMERGENCY is at the option of the county and the
political subdivisions within the county area.

If an Operational Area is activated following a disaster, a county official,
designated by County Ordinance, will function as the Operational Area
Coordinator and will have the overall responsibility for coordinating and
supporting emergency operations within the county.  The Area Coordinator and
supporting staff will constitute the Operational Area Emergency Management
Staff. 


1.6.3  Mutual Aid Region Emergency Management

The State of California is currently divided into six OES Mutual Aid Regions,
as shown on the following page.  Regional Managers and their staffs
(designated state agency representatives) will constitute Regional Emergency
Management Staffs and will coordinate and support local emergency operations
at the request of Operational Area Coordinators. 

1.6.4  State Emergency Management

The Governor, through State 0ES and its Mutual Aid Regions, will coordinate
statewide operations to include the provision of mutual aid and other support
to local jurisdictions and the redirection of essential supplies and other
resources as required.  The OES Director, assisted by representatives from
state agencies, will constitute the State Emergency Management Staff. 

1.6.5  Federal Emergency Management

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) serves as the main federal
government contact during disasters and war emergencies.

1.7  Emergency Functions

In this plan, local emergency operation are divided into the emergency
functions indicated below.  Specific details on functional, organizational and
operational concepts, responsibilities for providing support to or
accomplishing a given  function and  applicable policies and procedues are
provided in the Annexes specified in parenthesis.  The Annexes also provide
hazard-specific responses to be accomplished by the Emergency Management Staff
and field forces.






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WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                         CALIFORNIA MUTUAL AID REGIONS





















                                      (MAP)



































                                      1-10
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


     Managing Emergency Operations (Annex A)
     Provides for the overall management and coordination of emergency
     operations, whether it be the actual management of forces in the field,
     or coordination of the joint efforts of governmental and private agencies
     in supporting such operations. 

     Fire and Rescue operations (Annex B)

     Limits the loss of life and property from fires and other threats and
     provides emergency medical care and rescue of persons. 

     Law Enforcement and Traffic Control Operations (Annex C)

     Provides for the protection of life and property; enforces applicable
     laws, orders, and regulations; and provides traffic control on designated
     highways, streets, and roads. 

     Medical Operations (Annex D)

     Provides care and treatment for the ill and injured during a disaster. 

     Public Health Operations (Annex E)

     Provides public health and environmental sanitation services. 

     Coroner Operations (Annex F)

     Identifies and provides appropriate disposition of human remains. 

     Care and Shelter Operations (Annex G)

     Provides for the basic human needs of residents, and relocatees within
     established shelters. 

     Movement Operations (Annex H)

     Provides for the evacuation and relocation of persons from threatened or
     affected areas. 

     Rescue 0perations (Annex I)

     Carries out coordinated search and rescue operations for the location,
     provision of immediate care, and safe removal of endangered, trapped,
     injured and/or isolated persons. 













                                      1-11
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     Construction and Engineering Operations (Annex J)

     Provides for the procurement, distribution and use of construction and
     engineering resources. 

     Resources and Support Operations (Annex K)

     Provides for the procurement, distribution and use of essential resources
     and services (including equipment, supplies, water, food, fuel, electric
     power, and transportation). 

     Radiological Protection (Annex R)

     Establishes the basic operational concepts, responsibilities, and
     techniques to support governmental efforts to save lives and minimize
     radiation effects in the event of an emergency involving radioactive
     materials.

A series of matrices on the following pages identifies the local agencies and
private organizations responsible for accomplishing the above functions, and
the state and federal agencies that have capabilities for supporting local
operations.  Detailed responsibilities of all agencies and private
organizations are provided in Annexes to this plan. 


1.8  Emergency Resources Management

Emergency resources management is the effective management of those available
resources deemed most essential to survival and recovery operations,
particularly following a major disaster or an attack upon the United States. 

The California Emergency Resources Management Plan (published and issued
separately) presents statewide policies and guidance to local governments on
the conservation, distribution and use of resources immediately available to
them, and on arranging for resupply of goods and services to meet local
emergency needs.  Urgent needs that cannot be met locally are to be reported
to state government.  State officials will then arrange with industry and
responsible public agencies for delivery of goods or provision of services to
meet these local shortages.  These arrangements may be done directly or
through federal agencies which may be functioning within the state.  Once
immediate supply processes are underway, the state will act to ensure that
necessary resources are available and efficiently used for the duration of the
emergency situation. 

Policies and procedures relative to emergency resources management organi-
zational and operational concepts are provided in the California Emergency
Resources Management Plan and in Annex K, Resources and Support Operations.


1.9  Continuity of Government

A major disaster or war could result in great loss of life and property, the
death or injury of key government officials, and/or the partial or complete
destruction of established seats of government, and public and private records
essential to continued operations of government and industry.  To help
preserve law and order and to continue/restore local services, it is essential
that units of local government continue to function during or following such
situations. 

                                      1-12
(WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

               FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF LOCAL AGENCIES AND

                              PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS
















                                   (C H A R T)




























                 
* P - Denotes principal agency/organization. 
  S - Denotes supporting agency/organization. 








                                      1-13
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                 FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF STATE AGENCIES














                                     (CHART)




































                 
* P - Denotes principal agency/organization. 
  S - Denotes supporting agency/organization. 




                                      1-14
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF FEDERAL AGENCIES














                                     (CHART)



































                 
* P - Denotes principal agency/organization. 
  S - Denotes supporting agency/organization. 





                                      1-15
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Government at all levels is responsible for providing continuity of effective
leadership, authority and adequate direction of emergency and recovery
operations.  The California Government Code and the State Constitution provide
legal authority for the continuity and preservation of state and local
government.  Enclosure 1-4, Continuity of Government ,provides complete
details on the Continuity of Government Program in California.  An attachment
to the enclosure provides a listing of the successors to each member of the
jurisdiction's governing body. 


1.10  Public Awareness and Education

The public's response to any emergency is based on an understanding of the
nature of the emergency, the potential hazards, the likely response of
emergency services, and knowledge of what individuals and groups should do to
increase their chances of survival and recovery. 

Upon the proclamation of a STATE OF EMERGENCY by the Governor, State OES will
assign a State Public Information Officer to assist local public information
efforts and to provide information that originates from the state.  Similarly,
in a Presidential declaration, FEMA assigns an appropriate number of
Information Officers to assist state efforts and to provide federal
information.  However, even the most efficient emergency information effort
requires time to initiate, during which, confusion and lack of information can
contribute to a worsening of the emergency situation and an increased burden
for all areas of emergency response. 

Public awareness and education prior to any emergency are crucial to
successful public information efforts during and after the emergency.  The
decision to initiate and support this function must be made at the highest
policy-making level.  The pre-disaster awareness and education programs must
be viewed as equal in importance to all other preparations for emergencies and
receive an adequate level of planning.  These programs must be coordinated
among local, state and federal officials to ensure their contribution to
emergency preparedness and response operations.  (Annex A, Managing Emergency
Operations, provides emergency public information procedures.)


1.11  Training, Tests, and Exercises

The objective of any Emergency Management Organization is efficient and timely
response during emergencies.  A good plan is a first step toward that
objective.  However, planning alone will not guarantee preparedness.  Training
and exercising is essential at all levels of government to make emergency
operations personnel operationally ready.  All emergency plans should include
provision for training. 

The best method of training a jurisdiction's staff to manage emergency
operations is through exercising.  Exercises allow local personnel to become
thoroughly familiar with the procedures, facilities and systems which will
actually be used in emergency situations. 







                                      1-16
WORKING DRAFT (06/87)


Exercises can be accomplished in several forms.  Table Top Exercises provide a
convenient and low cost method of introducing local officials to scenario
related problem situations for discussion and problem solving.  Such exercises
are a good way to see if policies and procedures exist to handle certain
issues. 

Operations exercises simulate an actual emergency.  They typically involve
complete Emergency Management Staffs and are designed not only to exercise
procedures, but also to test the readiness of personnel, communications, and
facilities.  Such exercises can be conducted at the EOC level or as field
exercises. 















































                                      1-17
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                            Enclosure 1-1, Part One

                           AUTHORITIES AND REFERENCES

1.   General

The California Emergency Services Act (hereinafter referred to as the Act)
provides the basic authorities for conducting emergency operations following
the proclamations of emergencies by the Governor and/or appropriate local
authorities.  The provisions of the Act are further reflected and expanded on
by appropriate local emergency ordinances. 

The California Emergency Plan, which is promulgated by the Governor, is
published in accordance with the Act and provides overall statewide
authorities and responsibilities, and describes the functions and operations
of government at all levels during extraordinary emergencies, including war. 
Section 8568 of the Act states that "the State Emergency Plan shall be in
effect in each political subdivision of the state, and the governing body of
each political subdivision shall take such action as may be necessary to carry
out the provisions thereof".  Local Emergency Plans are, therefore, considered
to be extensions of the California Emergency Plan. 

2.   Emergency Proclamations

2.a  Local Emergency

A Local Emergency may be proclaimed by the local governing body or a duly
authorized local official, as specified by the appropriate local emergency
ordinance.  Proclamations will normally be made when there is an actual or
threatened existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the
safety of persons and property within the territorial limits of a county, city
and county, or city, caused by such conditions as air pollution, fire, flood,
storm, epidemic, riot, or earthquake, or other conditions, including
conditions resulting from war or imminent threat of war, but other than
conditions resulting from a labor controversy. 

The proclamation of a Local Emergency provides legal authority to:

  o  If necessary, request that the Governor proclaim a State of Emergency. 

  o  Promulgate orders and regulations necessary to provide for the protection
     of life and property, including orders or regulations imposing a curfew
     within designated boundaries. 

  o  Exercise full power to provide mutual aid to any affected area in
     accordance with Local Ordinances, Resolutions, Emergency Plans, or
     agreements thereto. 

  o  Request that state agencies provide mutual aid. 

  o  Require the emergency services of any local official or employee. 

  o  Requisition necessary personnel and material of any department or agency.
     





                              Enclosure 1-1, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

  o  Obtain vital supplies and equipment and, if required immediately, to
     commandeer the same for public use. 

  o  Impose penalties for violation of lawful orders. 

  o  Conduct emergency operations without facing liabilities for performance,
     or failure of performance.   (Note:  Article l7 of the Emergency Services
     Act provides for certain privileges and immunities.)


2.b  State of Emergency

A State of Emergency may be proclaimed by the Governor when: 

  o  There exists conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of
     persons and property within the state caused by such conditions as air
     pollution, fire, flood, storm, epidemic, riot, or earthquake or other
     conditions, other than conditions resulting from a labor controversy or
     conditions causing a State of War Emergency; and either

  o  He is requested to do so by local authorities; or

  o  He finds that local authority is inadequate to cope with the emergency.

Whenever the Governor proclaims a State of Emergency: 

  o  Mutual aid shall be rendered in accordance with approved Emergency Plans
     whenever the need arises for outside aid in any county, city and county,
     or city. 

  o  The Governor shall, to the extent he deems necessary, have the right to
     exercise within the area designated, all police power vested in the state
     by the Constitution and the laws of the State of California. 

  o  Jurisdictions may command the aid of citizens as deemed necessary to cope
     with an emergency. 

  o  The Governor may suspend the provisions of any regulatory statute, or
     statute prescribing the procedure for conducting state business, or the
     orders, rules, or regulations of any state agency. 

  o  The Governor may commandeer or utilize any private property or personnel
     (other than the media) in carrying out his responsibilities. 

  o  The Governor may promulgate, issue and enforce orders and regulations as
     he deems necessary. 


2.c  State of War Emergency

Whenever the Governor proclaims a State of War Emergency, or if a State of War
Emergency exists, all provisions associated with a State of Emergency apply,
plus: 






                             Enclosure 1-1, page 2
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


  o  All state agencies and political subdivisions are required to comply with
     the lawful orders and regulations of the Governor made or given within
     the limits of his authority as provided for in the Emergency Services
     Act. 

3.   Authorities

The following provides emergency authorities for conducting and/or supporting
emergency operations: 


3.a  Federal

Federal Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-288). 

Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 (Public Law 920), as amended.

Public Law 84-99 (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-Flood Fighting). 


3.b  State

California Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7 of Division 1 of Title 2 of the
Government Code). 

California Natural Disaster Assistance Act. 

Section 128, California Water Code (California Department of Water Resources -
Flood Fighting). 

Orders and Regulations which may be Selectively Promulgated by the Governor
during a STATE OF EMERGENCY (see Attachment 1-1-A). 

Orders and Regulations Promulgated by the Governor to Take Effect upon the
Existence of a STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY (see Attachment 1-1-B). 


3.c  Local

See Attachment 1-1-C, Local Authorities and References. 


4.   References

4.a  State

California Emergency Plan. 

Disaster Assistance Procedurel Manual (published by the California Office of
Emergency Services). 

California Emergency Resources Management Plan. 






                              Enclosure 1-1, page 3
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)



California Master Mutual Aid Agreement and supporting mutual aid agreements. 

California Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Plan. 

California Fire and Rescue Operations Plan. 


4.b  Local

See Attachment 1-1-C. 



Attachments:

     1-1-A State of Emergency Orders and Regulations
     1-1-B State of War Emergency Orders and Regulations
     1-1-C Local Authorities and References







































                             Enclosure 1-1, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                        Attachment 1-1-A, Enclosure 1-1

                 0RDERS AND REGULATIONS WHICH MAY BE SELECTIVELY

             PROMULGATED BY THE GOVERNOR DURING A STATE OF EMERGENCY



                 (Extracted from the California Emergency Plan)



                                    Order 1

It is hereby ordered that the period of employment for State Personnel Board
emergency appointments, as provided in Section 19120 of the Government Code
and State Personnel Board Rules 301-303, be waived for positions required for
involvement in emergency and/or recovery operations.  The requirements and
period of employment for such appointments will be determined by the Director,
California Office of Emergency Services, but shall not extend beyond the
termination date of said State of Emergency. 



                                    Order 2

It is hereby ordered that in the area proclaimed to be in a State of Emergency
and/or that specific area(s) designated by the Director, California Office of
Emergency Services, outside of the proclaimed area(s) but which is (are)
essential to the relief and aid of the lives and property within the
proclaimed area, all drugs and medical supply stocks intended for wholesale
distribution shall be held subject to the control and coordination of the
Department of Health Services, Food and Drug Section.  Authority imparted
under this Order, and specific to the proclaimed emergency, shall not extend
beyond the termination date of said State of Emergency. 




                                    Order 3

It is hereby ordered that during the proclaimed State of Emergency appropriate
parts of Sections 18020-18026 of the Government Code and State Personnel Board
Rules 130-139 be waived to permit cash compensation to personnel whose work is
designated by the Director, California Office of Emergency Services, as
essential to expedite emergency and recovery operations for all time worked
over the employee's regular workweek, at a rate of 1-1/2 times the regular
rate of pay.  The Director, Office of Emergency Services, will also designate
the beginning and ending dates for such overtime for each individual involved.
 This waiver shall not extend beyond the termination date of said State of
Emergency. 







                            Attachment 1-1-A, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                    Order 4

It is hereby ordered that, in the area proclaimed to be in a State of
Emergency and/or that specific area(s) designated by the Director, California
Office of Emergency Services, outside of the proclaimed area(s) but which is
(are) essential to the relief and aid of the lives and property within the
proclaimed area, the provisions of Sections 3247-3258 of the Civil Code
relating to state contracting bonding requirements for the performance of
heavy rescue, debris removal, expedient construction, preparation of mobile
home sites, and related activities are suspended.  This suspension shall not
extend beyond the termination date of said State of Emergency. 

                                    Order 5

It is hereby ordered that in the area proclaimed to be in a State of Emergency
and/or that specific area(s) designated by the Director, California Office of
Emergency Services, outside of the proclaimed area(s) but which is (are)
essential to the relief and aid of the lives and property within the
proclaimed area, those zoning, public health, safety, or intrastate
transportation laws, ordinances, regulations, or codes which the Director,
California Office of Emergency Services, determines impair the provision of
temporary housing be suspended for a time not to exceed 60 days after the
proclaimed State of Emergency and authorization by the President upon the
declaration of a Major Disaster for the Temporary Housing Program as
prescribed in Section 404 of Public Law 93-288 and Section 8654(a) of the
Government Code. 

                                    Order 6

It is hereby ordered that in the area proclaimed to be in a State of Emergency
and/or that specific area(s) designated by the Director, California Office of
Emergency Services, outside of the proclaimed area(s) but which is (are)
essential to the relief and aid of the lives and property within the
proclaimed area, distribution of intra-state petroleum stocks, including those
in refinery storage, major distribution installations and pipeline terminals,
shall be held subject to the control and coordination of the Energy Resources
Conservation and Development Commission.  Petroleum stocks may be prioritized
and diverted for use into a disaster area or in support of disaster mitigation
operations.  Any and all actions taken shall be at the discretion and judgment
of the State Fuel Allocator, California Energy Commission, for use in disaster
mitigation.  Such actions shall be coordinated with and prioritized by the
Director, Office of Emergency Services, but shall not extend beyond the
termination date of said State of Emergency. 

                                    Order 7

It is hereby ordered that in the area proclaimed to be in a State of Emergency
and/or that specific area(s) designated by the Director, California Office of
Emergency Services, outside of the proclaimed area(s) but which is (are)
essential to the relief and aid of the lives and property within the
proclaimed area, all banks will take emergency operating actions pursuant to
Section 1916 of the Financial Code.  Actions taken under this Order, and
specific to the proclaimed emergency, shall not extend beyond the termination
date of said State of Emergency. 





                               Attachment 1-1-A, page 2
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                        Attachment 1-1-B, Enclosure 1-1

               ORDERS AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED BY THE G0VERNOR

          TO TAKE EFFECT UPON THE EXISTENCE OF A STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY



                 (Extracted from the California Emergency Plan)



                                    Order 1

It is hereby ordered that the following orders and regulations, numbered 2
through 12, having been duly made in advance of a State of War Emergency,
approved by the California Emergency Council, and filed with the Secretary of
State and the county clerk of each county, shall take full effect upon the
existence of a State of War Emergency and shall remain in full force and
effect until amended or rescinded or until termination of said State of War
Emergency.  (See Section 8567(a), (b), and (d), State Emergency Services Act.)


                                    Order 2

It is hereby ordered that, immediately upon the existence of a State of War
Emergency, all counties, cities and counties, and cities of the State will
immediately sound the indicated warning signal and/or take all other
appropriate actions to warn residents.  The warning signals necessary to
effectuate this action shall be those prescribed by the Federal Government for
this purpose. 


                                    Order 3

It is hereby ordered that the Director of the Office of Emergency Services is
authorized and directed to act on behalf of the Governor and in the name of
the State of California in implementing and operating the California War
Emergency Plan; and he is authorized to assume command and control of
operations within the state in accordance with such plan, insofar as adherence
to such plan is adequate, and to deviate from such plan, as directed by the
Governor or to the extent and in such manner as he may deem necessary for the
protection of life, property, and resources of or within the state against
unforeseen circumstances or hazards which, by reason of their character or
magnitude, are beyond the scope of such plan; and

It is further ordered that the Director of the Office of Emergency Services is
authorized to delegate such powers as are herein granted, or as authorized
under Article 5 of the California Emergency Services Act, to personnel of his
office as he may deem necessary, and such personnel may act on behalf of and
in the name of the Director of the Office of Emergency Services in carrying
out any authority so delegated. 






                            Attachment 1-1-B, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                                    0rder 4

It is hereby ordered that all public employees or persons holding positions of
responsibility in the State or in accredited local emergency organizations,
and all registered disaster service workers, and all unregistered persons
impressed into service during a State of War Emergency by a person having the
authority to command the aid of citizens in the execution of his duties, are
hereby declared to be members of the Statewide War-Emergency 0rganization; and

It is further ordered that all officials of local political subdivisions of
the State and all registered disaster service workers who perform duties in
the State or Regional emergency operations headquarters are hereby declared to
be personnel of the State War-Emergency Organization for the period of the
State of War Emergency, subject to the direction of the Governor, the Director
of the Office of Emergency Services, and/or the Manager of the regional
headquarters to which such persons are assigned or attached; and

It is further ordered that all officials and registered disaster service
workers heretofore designated as Coordinators or as staff personnel of
Operational Area organizations, which have been ratified by the California
Emergency Council, are hereby declared to be personnel of the State War-
Emergency Organization. 


                                    Order 5

It is hereby ordered that the governmental functions for the protection of
lives, property, and resources of the State and of every political subdivision
thereof shall continue in full force and effect, and all duly constituted
officials of the State and of every political subdivision thereof shall
continue to discharge their responsibilities and shall comply with, enforce,
and assume the responsibility for implementing such regulations and orders not
inconsistent with or contradictory to rules, regulations, or orders issued by
the President of the United States or the Commanding General, Sixth United
States Army, as are now or may hereafter be promulgated by the Governor, in
accordance with approved plans and procedures. 


                                    Order 6

It is hereby ordered that, in accordance with national and state policy, as
reflected in the General Freeze Order, Part A, California Emergency Resources
Management Plan, all retail sales and transfers of consumer items are
prohibited for a period of at least five days following the onset of a State
of War Emergency, except for the most essential purposes as determined by
federal, state, or local authorities and except for essential health items and
perishables in danger of spoilage. 











                            Attachment 1-1-B, page 2
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                                    Order 7

It is hereby ordered that the sale of alcoholic beverages shall be discon-
tinued immediately. 


                                    Order 8

It is hereby ordered that all petroleum stocks for California distribution,
including those in refinery storage, major distributing installations, and
pipe line terminals, shall be held subject to the control of the State
Petroleum Director; and

It is further ordered that, following the period of prohibition of sales
imposed by Order 6, retail outlets for petroleum products shall operate in
accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the State Petroleum
organization as outlined in Part B-VII of the California Emergency Resources
Management Plan. 


                                    Order 9

It is hereby ordered that all wholesale foodstocks, including those under the
control of processors, wholesalers, agents and brokers, be held subject to the
control of the State Food Director, except that: 

     (l)  Fresh fluid milk, fresh vegetables, and bread are not subject to
          this order; and

     (2)  Supplies necessary for immediate essential use, on the basis of 2000
          calories per person per day, of persons in homes or in mass care
          centers, restaurants, hotels, hospitals, public institutions, and
          similar establishments feeding approximately 100 persons or more per
          day, may be obtained from wholesale and/or retail sources upon
          approval by local authorities operating in accordance with existing
          state and federal food supply policies; and

It is further ordered that, following the period of prohibition of sales
imposed by Order 6, retail outlets for foodstocks shall operate in accordance
with rules and regulations prescribed by the State Food 0rganization as
outlined in Part B-III of the California Emergency Resources Management Plan. 


                                   Order 10

It is herehy ordered that all drugs and medical supply stocks in California,
intended for wholesale distribution, shall be held subject to the control of
the Chief, State Emergency Medical and Health Organization; and










                            Attachment 1-1-B, page 3
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


It is further ordered that, following the period of prohibition of sales
imposed by Order 6, retail outlets for drugs and medical supplies shall
operate in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the State
Emergency Medical and Health Organization as outlined in Part B-IV of the
California Emergency Resources Management Plan. 


                                   Order 11

It is hereby ordered that all banks will take emergency operating actions
pursuant to Sections 1915 and 1916 of the Financial Code. 


                                   Order 12

It is hereby ordered that, pursuant to the California Emergency Resources
Management Plan, Part B-II, Economic Stabilization, and in conjunction with
the lifting of the General Freeze Order as referred to in Order 6, price and
rent control and consumer rationing will be invoked and administered by the
State Economic Stabilization Organization.  Rationed items may include those
identified in the list of essential survival items contained in Part A,
California Emergency Resources Management Plan, and such other items as may be
in short supply. 



































                            Attachment 1-1-B, page 4
DRAFT (02/87)

                        Attachment 1-1-C, Enclosure 1-1

                        LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND REFERENCES









                        (TO BE COMPLETED BY JURISDICTION)














































                                Attachment 1-1-C
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                            Enclosure 1-2, Part One

                                HAZARD MlTlGATION



1.   Purpose

This enclosure establishes actions, policies and procedures for implementing
Section 406 (Minimum Standards for Public and Private Structures) of the
Federal Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-288) following a Presi-
dentially declared Emergency or Major Disaster.  It also assigns hazard
mitigation responsibilities to various elements of federal, state, and local
governments in California. 


2.   Authorities and References

Activities enumerated in this enclosure will be conducted in accordance with
the enabling legislation, plans, and agreements listed in Enclosure 1-1,
Authorities and References, Part One.


3.   General

Section 406 of Public Law 93-288 (see Attachment 1-2-A) requires, as a
condition to receiving federal disaster aid, that repairs and reconstruction
be done in accordance with applicable codes, specifications, and standards. 
It also requires that the state or local government recipient of federal aid
evaluate the natural hazards of the area in which the aid is to be used, and
take action to mitigate them, including safe land use and construction
practices. 

To be effective, hazard mitigation actions must be taken in advance of a
disaster.  Whenever possible, both planning and action should take place in
advance.  After disaster strikes, mitigation opportunities exist only for the
next disaster, and even those opportunities are often needlessly limited by
the absence of advance planning.  Nevertheless, the immediate post-disaster
period does present special opportunities for mitigation. 

Section 406 deals with the opportunities presented in a current emergency or
major disaster response effort to mitigate potential hardship and loss result-
ing from future disasters.  Thus, involvement with natural hazard mitigation
under Section 406 is triggered in post-disaster situations.  Hazard mitigation
includes such activities as: 

  o  Minimizing the impact of future disasters on communities.

  o  Improvement of structures and facilities at risk. 

  o  Identification of hazard-prone areas and development of standards for
     prohibited or restricted use. 







                              Enclosure 1-2, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

  o  Loss recovery and relief (including insurance).

  o  Hazard warning and population protection. 

4.   Implementation

4.a  Federal/State Agreement

Following each Presidentially declared Emergency or Major Disaster, the
Regional Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the
Governor execute a document called the Federal/State Agreement.  This
Agreement includes appropriate provisions for hazard mitigation.  Under the
"typical paragraph" (seeAttachment 1-2-B) set out to serve this purpose, the
State agrees to: 

  o  Evaluate or have the applicant evaluate the natural hazards in the
     disaster area, and make appropriate recommendations to mitigate them. 

  o  Follow up with applicants to ensure that the appropriate hazard
     mitigation actions are taken. 

  o  Follow up with applicants to ensure that the appropriate hazard
     mitigation plan or plans are developed and submitted to the FEMA Regional
     Director for concurrence. 

  o  Review and update as necessary disaster mitigation portions of emergency
     plans. 

4.b  Joint Federal/State/Local Hazard Mitigation Team

The FEMA Regional Director and the Governor appoint a Federal and State Hazard
Mitigation Coordinator (HMC), respectively; the local applicant designates a
local HMC.  These individuals will constitute the Hazard Mitigation Team which
will: 

  o  Identify significant hazards in the affected areas giving priority to
     disaster-related hazards. 

  o  Evaluate impacts of these hazards and measures which will mitigate their
     impacts. 

  o  Recommend appropriate hazard mitigation measures. 

The Hazard Mitigation Team uses information from Damage Survey Reports (DSR),
and through visits to selected sites where significant damage has occurred. 
The state and local representatives on the Hazard Mitigation Team are
responsible for ensuring that there is adequate consultation among interested
federal, state, and local parties. 

4.c  Hazard Mitigation Plans

The Hazard Mitigation Team also prepares a Hazard Mitigation Plan which is
submitted to the FEMA Regional Director through the Governor's Authorized
Representative (GAR) within 180 days after a Presidential declaration.  The
objectives of the Plan are to: 




                             Enclosure 1-2, page 2
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

  o  Recommend hazard mitigation measures for local, state, and federal
     agencies. 

  o  Establish short-term and long-term planning frameworks for implementation
     of hazard mitigation efforts. 

5.   Concept of Operations

5.a  Objectives

The identification of hazards following an Emergency or Major Disaster and
accomplishment of appropriate hazard mitigation measures are the short-term
planning objectives to be required by the Federal/State Agreement.  The FEMA
Regional Director and the GAR shall ensure compliance with these objectives as
a condition for federal loans or grants. 


5.b  Surveys

Each applicant is expected to use its resources and capabilities as necessary
to perform emergency work, such as debris removal or emergency measures to
save lives, or to protect public health and safety, or to protect property,
before requesting assistance from state or federal government. 

Local, state, and federal preliminary damage assessments may identify major
hazards and opportunities for hazard mitigation activities prior to a
declaration of Major Disaster or Emergency. 

Damage Survey Reports (DSR) shall include identification of hazards and shall
recommend mitigation measures to be incorporated into the repair work. 

The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall review applicable land use
regulations, construction standards, and other appropriate hazard mitigation
measures.  Utilizing information from preliminary damage assessments, DSRs,
and all other readily available pertinent information, the team shall visit
the sites of significant damage and shall evaluate all hazards at those sites.
 For each identified significant hazard the team shall include appropriate
recommendations of hazard mitigation measures in its final report. 


5.c  Plans

For each hazard-prone area, the Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall
review and evaluate existing local and/or state emergency plans for hazard
mitigation.  In cases where no plans for hazard mitigation exist or are
inadequate, the team shall report its findings and recommendations concerning
specific needs to develop or improve, as required, and maintain hazard
mitigation plans. 

Existing local and state hazard mitigation plans shall be updated and new ones
developed as deemed necessary by the FEMA Regional Director in consultation
with the GAR.  In determining whether to impose such a requirement on a local 







                              Enclosure 1-2, page 3
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

jurisdiction, consideration shall be given to the opportunities for effective
hazard mitigation, size and composition of the local jurisdiction, local
government's authority to regulate land use and constructive practices, and
the local government's exercise of such authority. 

The GAR and/or the FEMA Regional Director may provide technical advice and
assistance to state agencies or to local governments in developing new plans
or updating existing plans to mitigate hazards identified as the result of the
Major Disaster or Emergency within affected areas. 

5.d  Mapping

The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall verify the impact of the major
disaster on disaster frequencies computed prior to the Major Disaster and
shall consider the advisability of redefining boundaries of high-hazard areas
as a result of their findings.  The team shall make recommendations to the
FEMA Regional Director and the GAR on any needs for new mapping or remapping
of high hazard areas. 

6.   Responsibilities

6.a  Federal

     (1)  Federal Emergency Management Agency

          The FEMA Regional Director is responsible for hazard mitigation
          actions under the terms of the Federal/State Agreement.  The
          Regional Director, in coordination with the GAR, shall: 

          o  Provide for a Joint Federal/State/Local Hazard Mitigation Team to
             survey the disaster affected area as soon as possible following a
             Major Disaster or Emergency declaration by the President and to
             accomplish hazard mitigation planning in accordance with
             Federal/State Agreement. 

          o  Appoint a Hazard Mitigation Coordinator (HMC) to: 

             -  Serve on the Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team;

             -  Confer with local, state and federal officials concerning
                these hazards and hazard mitigation measures; and

             -  Coordinate with the State Hazard Mitigation Coordinator (SHMC)
                appointed by the Governor to work with those designated to
                accomplish the planning required. 

          o  Provide overall leadership with respect to the general
             administration of Section 406. 

          o  Ensure that the ultimate benefits to be gained through effective
             hazard mitigation programs are not diminished. 

          o  Provide technical advice and assistance. 






                       Enclosure 1-2, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

           o  Encourage state and local governments to adopt safe land use
              practices and construction standards. 

           o  Ensure that FEMA and other federal efforts are supplemental to
              local and state efforts. 

           o  Encourage initiative by state and local governments. 

           o  Take actions required by FEMA Floodplain Management Regulations
              (as applicable for flood disasters). 

     (2)   Other Federal Agencies as Appropriate

6.b  State

     (l)   Office of Emergency Services

           A representative of the Office of Emergency Services (OES) will be
           appointed by the Governor to act in the capacity of GAR, who will
           be responsible for state performance of hazard mitigation
           activities under the Federal/State Agreement.  The GAR, in
           coordination with the FEMA Regional Director, shall: 

           o  Arrange for state and local participation in Federal-State
              survey and hazard mitigation planning in disaster affected
              areas. 

     (2)   State Hazard Mitigation Coordinator/Planner

           The SHMC in coordination with the GAR, shall: 

           o  Arrange for consultations on the findings and recommendations
              from the joint survey and shall follow up to ensure that timely
              and adequate local and state hazard mitigation actions are
              taken. 

           o  As appropriate, provide funding or technical assistance to
              eligible applicants for the purposes of accomplishing state-
              approved hazard mitigation actions. 

           o  Arrange for state inspection or audit to verify compliance with
              approved hazard mitigation measures. 

           o  Upon completion of approved hazard mitigation activities in
              accordance with the Federal/State Agreement, submit a final
              report of compliance with hazard mitigation requirements by
              state and local governments through the GAR to the FEMA Regional
              Director for review and acceptance. 

           o  Accomplish hazard mitigation planning in accordance with the
              Federal/State Agreement. 








                              Enclosure 1-2, page 5
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     (3)   Other State Aencies as Appropriate


6.c  Local

     (l)   Applicant (Local Jurisdiction)

           The Applicant's Authorized Representative (AAR) is responsible for
           local performance of hazard mitigation measures under the terms of
           the Federal/State Agreement.  The AAR, in coordination with the GAR
           shall: 

           o  Appoint a Local Hazard Mitigation Coordinator (LHMC) to work
              with the Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team. 

           o  With respect to any project application, submit adequate
              assurance that required hazard mitigation measures have been
              taken or will be completed. 

           o  To the extent of legal authority, implement and enforce land use
              regulations and safe construction practices which are agreed
              upon as conditions for FEMA grants or loans. 

           o  Provide evidence of compliance with conditions for any approved
              FEMA grants or loans as required by the GAR. 


     (2)   Local Hazard Mitigation Coordinator

           Working with the Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team, the LHMC
           shall: 

           o  Assess disaster damage within the local jurisdiction. 

           o  Arrange for local participation in consultations with the
              Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team about hazard mitigation
              actions. 

           o  Inform local officials and citizens about significant team
              activities, and collect any local comments on these matters and
              report them to the SHMC. 

           o  Work with the Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team in reviewing
              and updating existing hazard mitigation plans, or in developing
              new hazard mitigation plans as may be scheduled by the GAR and
              requested by the FEMA Regional Director. 


     (3)   Other Local Departments and Agencies (as Necessary)










                             Enclosure 1-2, page 6
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

7.   Hazard Mitigation Measures

7.a  Avoidance

For each hazard identified following a Major Disaster or Emergency, the
Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall assess the feasibility of avoiding
high hazard areas in cases where new construction, alteration, or major
repairs are involved in restoration of damaged or destroyed facilities.  The
team shall also make specific recommendations concerning land use regulations
and rezoning to achieve the objectives of avoidance whenever appropriate. 

7.b  Reduction

Reduction of the effects of hazards identified following a Major Disaster or
Emergency on people and facilities may be achieved by reducing the area or
level of the hazard itself or by reducing the impact of the hazard on
individual facilities.  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall make
specific recommendations concerning hazard reduction measures to achieve the
objectives of reduction whenever appropriate. 

7.c  Land Use Regulations

     (1)   Local Zoning

           Regulation of land use within its jurisdiction is normally a
           function of local government.  State, federal or private interests
           may propose model zoning regulations, but adoption and enforcement
           of such regulations remain with the responsible state or local
           government.  Specific state or federal restrictions may be locally
           adopted and enforced by mutual agreement, or as a condition for
           certain types of financial assistance. 

           o  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall make specific
              recommendations concerning land use regulations based on field
              observations and evaluation of hazards within the affected
areas.

           o  Consultations with the applicant, the Federal HMC and the State
              HMC may be necessary to identify the applicant's options for
              decision-making. 

           o  The Federal and/or State HMC shall encourage adoption and
              enforcement of appropriate land use regulations. 

           o  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall follow up
              contracts with the state or local government as appropriate. 

     (2)   State Land Use Regulations

           Land use regulations for state-owned properties outside the
           jurisdiction of local governments are adopted and enforced by the
           responsible state agency.  In some cases, these state regulations
           may serve as model regulations for local governments. 






                             Enclosure 1-2, page 7
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

           o  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team may make recom-
              mendations concerning new revisions of existing state land use
              regulations for state lands and provide technical advice and
              assistance to the state for developing such regulations. 

           o  The state may require local adoption of statewide land use
              regulations as a condition for state aid, such as grants, loans,
              or technical assistance. 

     (3)   Federal Land Use Regulations

           Land use regulations for federally-owned properties outside the
           jurisdiction of local or state governments are adopted and enforced
           by the responsible federal agency.  In some cases, these federal
           land use regulations may serve as model regulations for state or
           local governments. 

           o  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team may encourage federal
              agencies to adopt land-use regulations currently used locally as
              being applicable to federal properties. 

           o  A federal agency may require local or state governments to adopt
              and enforce certain hazard mitigation regulations as a condition
              for federal assistance or participation in federally-assisted
              programs. 

           o  Following a Major Disaster or Emergency declaration,
              Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall make findings and
              recommendations as appropriate for development or updating of
              model hazard-mitigation regulations by various federal agencies
              for mitigation of hazards identified. 

           o  The team may arrange for federal technical advice and assistance
              to local or state governments in modifying model land-use
              regulations to satisfy local requirements. 


     (4)   Construction Practices

           Local Standards

           o  Following a Major Disaster or Emergency declaration, the
              Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall inventory and
evaluate
              the applicant's existing standards for the type of repairs,
              reconstruction, or restorative work for which federal loan or
              grant assistance is being requested. 

           o  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team may make available for
              consideration by applicants, model state or federal standards. 
              Such standards for new construction may be different from those
              for repairs or alterations to existing facilities or structures.









                             Enclosure 1-2, page 8
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


           o  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team may develop appropriate
              recommendations to the applicant for upgrading existing
              construction standards, or for adopting new standards. 

           o  Following a Major Disaster or Emergency declaration, each
              applicant has the responsibility for adopting or updating, as
              necessary, appropriate construction standards and for enforcing
              them.  Applicants may request state or federal technical advice
              or assistance in taking these actions. 

           State Standards

           Construction standards for state-owned buildings, structures, or
           facilities outside the jurisdiction of local governments are
adopted
           and enforced by the responsible state agency.  In some cases these
           construction standards may serve as model standards for local
           governments. 

           o  As a condition for state approval of loan or grant assistance as
              a result of a Major Disaster or Emergency declaration, the GAR
              may recommend to the FEMA Regional Director that the Associate
              Director prescribe certain construction standards for
              FEMA-assisted projects for hazard mitigation purposes. 

           o  The State HMC may provide technical advice and assistance on
              hazard mitigation measures to applicants, private organizations,
              and individuals. 

           Federal Standards

           Construction standards for federally-owned structures, buildings,
or
           facilities outside the jurisdiction of local or state governments
           are adopted and enforced by the responsible federal agency.  In
some
           cases these federal construction standards may serve as model
           standards for state and local governments. 

           o  The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) prescribes certain
              federal standards for repairs, alterations, and new construction
              within flood plains as a condition for acceptance for a flood-
              prone community within that program. 

           o  For other types of disasters, similar standards for hazard
              mitigation may be available and appropriate for local, state,
and
              federal use. 

           o  The Federal/State Hazard Mitigation Team shall be aware of
              existing standards and shall recommend to applicants appropriate
              construction standards for consideration as hazard mitigation
              measures related to the Major Disaster or Emergency. 









                             Enclosure 1-2, page 9
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

           FEMA Standards

           o  Working with the state and applicants, through the Federal/State
              Hazard Mitigation Team, the FEMA Regional Director shall
              encourage local adoption and enforcement on all projects,
              including non-federally-assisted projects, of appropriate
              standards for hazard mitigation. 

           o  The FEMA Regional Director may suspend or refuse to approve any
              federal project application until he/she is satisfied that the
              approved work is in accordance with current codes,
              specifications, and standards and will result in a safe and
              usable facility as outlined in the federal regulations and
              guidelines.



Attachments: 

     1-2-A Extract, Section 406, Public Law 93-288
     1-2-B Hazard Mitigation Addition to the Federal/State Agreement
     1-2-C Hazard Mitigation Definitions





































                             Enclosure 1-2, page 10
WORKING DRAFT (6/87)

                        Attachment 1-2-A, Enclosure 1-2

                                     EXTRACT

             FEDERAL DISASTER RELIEF ACT OF 1974 (PUBLIC LAW 93-288)

               MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE STRUCTURES





Sec. 406. As a condition of any disaster loan or grant made under the
provisions of this Act, the recipient shall agree that any repair or
construction to be financed therewith shall be in accordance with applicable
standards of safety, decency, and sanitation and in conformity with applicable
codes, specifications, and standards, and shall furnish such evidence of
compliance with this section as may be required by regulation.  As a further
condition of any loan or grant made under the provisions of this Act, the
State or local government shall agree that the natural hazards in the areas in
which the proceeds of the grants or loans are to be used shall be evaluated
and appropriate action shall be taken to mitigate such hazards, including safe
land-use and construction practices, in accordance with standards prescribed
or approved by the President after adequate consultation with the appropriate
elected officials of general purpose local governments, and the State shall
furnish such evidence of compliance with this section as may be required by
regulation. 
































                                Attachment 1-2-A 
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                        Attachment 1-2-B, Enclosure 1-2

            HAZARD MITIGATION ADDITION TO THE FEDERAL/STATE AGREEMENT






     The following represents the "typical paragraph" relating to hazard
mitigation that is added to the Federal/State Agreement. 


           The State agrees that, as a condition for any Federal
           loan or grant, the State or the applicant shall evaluate
           the natural hazards in the areas in which the proceeds
           of the grants or loans are to be used and shall make
           appropriate recommendations to mitigate such hazards for
           federally-assisted projects.  The State further agrees: 
           (1) to follow up with applicants, within State
           capabilities, to assure that, as a condition for any
           grant or loan under the Act, appropriate hazard
           mitigation actions are taken;  (2) to prepare and submit
           not later than 180 days after the declaration to the
           Regional Director for concurrence, hazard mitigation
           plan or plans for the designated areas, and (3) to
           review and update as necessary disaster-mitigation
           portions of the emergency plans. 

           The Regional Director agrees to make Federal technical
           advice and assistance available to support the planning
           efforts and actions. 


























                           Attachment 1-2-B
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                        Attachment 1-2-C, Enclosure 1-2

                          HAZARD MITIGATION DEFINITIONS


Avoidance

To eliminate a hazard through measures such as relocation or prohibition of
construction within an area susceptible to risk or danger, or by other means. 

Construction practices

Codes, standards, and specifications applicable to repairs, or to alterations
or new construction of a facility or structure. 

Disaster proofing

Those alterations or modifications to damaged facilities that could be
expected to prevent or substantially reduce future damages to the repaired or
reconstructed facility, or to make it disaster resistant. 

Hazard

Any natural source of danger or element of risk identified following a Major
Disaster or Emergency. 

Land use regulations

Includes zoning for purposes compatible with prudent floodplain management and
both preventive and corrective restrictions on construction, repairs, or
alterations of facilities within specified areas.  Preventive restrictions
provide regulation of new land use, i.e., nonstructural disaster control
measures such as use of high hazard areas for parks, farms, and recreational
areas.  Corrective restrictions include: 

     o   Floodproofing;
     o   Acquisition;
     o   Insurance; and
     o   Removal of non-conforming uses. 

Mitigation

To alleviate by softening and making less severe the effects of a Major
Disaster or Emergency and of future disasters in the affected areas, including
reduction or avoidance. 

Reduction

To diminish in strength and intensity or to restrict or lessen the size,
amount and extent of damage resulting from the Major Disaster or Emergency or
to be expected as the result of future disasters. 







                                Attachment 1-2-C
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                            Enclosure 1-3, Part One

                                   MUTUAL AID

1.   Introduction

The foundation of California's emergency planning and response is a statewide
mutual aid system which is designed to ensure that adequate resources,
facilities, and other support is provided to jurisdictions whenever their own
resources prove to be inadequate to cope with a given situation(s).  The basis
for the system is the California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid
Agreement (see Attachment 1-3-A), as provided for in the California Emergency
Services Act.  This Agreement was developed in 1950 and adopted by Cali-
fornia's incorporated cities and by all 58 counties.  It created a formal
structure within which each jurisdiction retains control of its own personnel
and facilities, but can give and receive help whenever it is needed.  State
government, on the other hand, is obligated to provide available resources to
assist local jurisdictions in emergencies. 

To facilitate the coordination and flow of mutual aid, the state has been
divided into six Office of Emergency Services (0ES) Mutual Aid Regions (see
map in Basic Plan).  Through this mutual aid system, State OES can receive a
constant flow of information from every geographic and organizational area of
the state.  This includes direct notification from a state agency or
department or from a local government official that a disaster exists or is
imminent.  In some cases, it also includes information that makes it possible
to anticipate an emergency and mitigate its effects by accelerated
preparations, or perhaps prevent a situation from developing to disaster
proportions. 

To further facilitate the mutual aid process, particularly during day-to-day
emergencies involving public safety agencies, Fire and Rescue and Law
Enforcement Coordinators have been selected and function at the Operational
Area (countywide), Mutual Aid Region (two or more counties), and at the state
(OES) level.  It is expected that during a catastrophic event, such as an
earthquake, Coordinators will be assigned at all levels for other essential
services (e.g., Medical, Care and Shelter, Rescue, etc.). 


2.   Responsibilities

2.a  Local Jurisdictions

Local jurisdictions are responsible for: 

     o   Developing and maintaining current Emergency Plans which are
         compatible with the California Emergency Plan and the California
         Master Mutual Aid Agreement, and are designed to apply local
         resources in meeting the emergency requirements of the immediate
         community or its neighbors, and coordinate such plans with those of
         neighboring jurisdictions to ensure mutual compatibility. 







                              Enclosure 1-3, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     o   Maintaining liaison with the appropriate OES Mutual Aid Region Office
         and neighboring jurisdictions. 


     o   Identifying Multipurpose Staging Areas (MSA) to provide rally points
         for incoming mutual aid and/or a staging area for support and
         recovery activities. 

     o   Responding to requests for mutual aid. 

     o   Dispatching situation reports to the appropriate Operational Area
         Coordinator and/or OES Mutual Aid Region as the emergency situation
         develops and as changes in the emergency situation dictate. 

     o   Requesting assistance from neighboring jurisdictions, and/or the
         Operational Area, as necessary and feasible. 

     o   Receiving and employing resources as may be provided by neighboring
         jurisdictions and state, federal, and private agencies. 

     o   Carrying out emergency regulations issued by the Governor. 

2.b  Operational Area

Coordinators at the Operational Area level are responsible for:

     o   Coordinating intra-county mutual aid. 

     o   Maintaining liaison with the appropriate OES Mutual Aid Region
         Coordinator, the local jurisdictions within the county, and
         neighboring jurisdictions. 

     o   Identifying Multipurpose Staging Areas (MSA) to provide rally points
         for incoming mutual aid and/or staging areas for support and recovery
         activities. 

     o   Channeling local mutual aid requests which cannot be satisfied from
         within the county to the appropriate OES Mutual Aid Region
         Coordinator. 

     o   Dispatching reports to the appropriate OES Mutual Aid Region
         Coordinator as the emergency situation develops and as changes in the
         emergency situation dictate. 

     o   Receiving and employing resources provided by other counties, and
         state, federal, and private agencies. 

     o   Carrying out emergency regulations issued by the Governor. 

2.c  OES Mutual Aid Region

Coordinators at the OES Mutual Aid Region level are responsible for:






                             Enclosure 1-3, page 2

WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     o   Maintaining liaison with appropriate state, federal, and local
         emergency response agencies located within the Region. 

     o   Providing planning guidance and assistance to local jurisdictions. 

     o   Responding to mutual aid requests submitted by jurisdictions and/or
         0perational Area Coordinators. 

     o   Receiving, evaluating, and disseminating information on emergency
         operations. 

     o   Providing the State Director, OES, with situation reports and, as
         appropriate, recommending courses of action. 

2.d  State

     State Office of Emergency Services:

     o   Performs executive functions assigned by the Governor. 

     o   Coordinates the extraordinary emergency activities of all state
         agencies. 

     o   Receives, evaluates, and disseminates information on emergency
         operations. 

     o   Prepares emergency proclamations and orders for the Governor and
         disseminates to all concerned. 

     o   Receives, processes, evaluates, and acts on requests for mutual aid. 

     o   Coordinates the application of state mutual aid resources and
         services. 

     o   Receives, processes, and transmits requests for federal assistance. 

     o   Directs the receipt, allocation, and integration of resources
         supplied by federal agencies and/or other states. 

     o   Maintains liaison with appropriate state, federal, and private
         agencies. 

     o   Coordinates emergency operations with bordering states. 

     Other State Agencies

     Provides mutual aid assistance to local jurisdiction commensurate with
     capabilities and available resources. 











                              Enclosure 1-3, page 3
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


3.   Policies and Procedures

     o   Mutual aid resources will be provided and utilized in accordance with
         the California Master Mutual Aid Agreement and supporting separate
         agreements. 

     o   During a proclaimed emergency, interjurisdictional mutual aid will be
         coordinated at the appropriate Operational Area or Mutual Aid
         Regional level whenever the available resources are: 

         -  Subject to state or federal control. 
         -  Subject to military control. 
         -  Located outside the requesting jurisdiction. 
         -  Allocated on a priority basis. 

     o   Due to the incompatibility of radio communications equipment between
         most agencies, local agencies should, where possible, provide
         incoming mutual aid forces with portable radios using local
         frequencies. 

     o   Requests for and coordination of mutual aid support will normally be
         accomplished through established channels (cities to Operational
         Areas, to Mutual Aid Regions, to State).  Requests should include, as
         applicable: 

         -  Number of personnel needed. 
         -  Type and amount of equipment. 
         -  Reporting time and location. 
         -  Authority to whom they are to report. 
         -  Access routes. 
         -  Estimated duration of operations. 


4.   References

Mutual aid assistance may be provided under one or more of the following
authorities: 

     o   California Fire and Rescue Emergency Plan. 

     o   California Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Plan. 

     o   Local Mutual Aid Agreement (see Attachment l-3-B). 

     o   Federal Disaster Relief Act of l974.  (Public Law 93-288).  (Pro-
         vides federal support to state and local disaster activities.)


Attachments: 

     1-3-A California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement
     1-3-B Local Mutual Aid Agreement






                             Enclosure 1-3, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                        Attachment 1-3-A, Enclosure 1-3

                      CALIFORNIA DISASTER AND CIVIL DEFENSE

                           MASTER MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT

                 (Extracted from the California Emergency Plan)

    This agreement made and entered into by and between the STATE OF
CALIFORNIA, its various departments and agencies, and the various political
subdivisions, municipal corporations, and other public agencies of the State
of California;

                              W I T N E S S E T H: 

        WHEREAS, It is necessary that all of the resources and facilities of
the State, its various departments and agencies, and all its political
subdivisions, municipal corporations, and other public agencies be made
available to prevent and combat the effect of disasters which may result from
such calamities as flood, fire, earthquake, pestilence, war, sabotage, and
riot; and

        WHEREAS, It is desirable that each of the parties hereto should
voluntarily aid and assist each other in the event that a disaster should
occur, by the interchange of services and facilities, including, but not
limited to, fire, police, medical and health, communication, and
transportation services and facilities, to cope with the problems of rescue,
relief, evacuation, rehabilitation, and reconstruction which would arise in
the event of a disaster; and

        WHEREAS, It is necessary and desirable that a cooperative agreement be
executed for the interchange of such mutual aid on a local, countywide,
regional, statewide, and interstate basis;

        NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY AGREED by and between each and all of the
parties hereto as follows: 

    l.  Each party shall develop a plan providing for the effective
mobilization of all its resources and facilities, both public and private, to
cope with any type of disaster. 

    2.  Each party agrees to furnish resources and facilities and to render
services to each and every other party to this agreement to prevent and combat
any type of disaster in accordance with duly adopted mutual aid operational
plans, whether heretofore or hereafter adopted, detailing the method and
manner by which such resources, facilities, and services are to be made
available and furnished, which operational plans may include provisions for
training and testing to make such mutual aid effective; provided, however,
that no party shall be required to deplete unreasonably its own resources,
facilities, and services in furnishing such mutual aid. 

    3.  It is expressly understood that this agreement and the operational
plans adopted pursuant thereto shall not supplant existing agreements between
some of the parties hereto providing for the exchange or furnishing of certain
types of facilities and services on a reimbursable, exchange, or other basis,
but that 



                            Attachment 1-3-A, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

the mutual aid extended under this agreement and the operational plans adopted
pursuant thereto, shall be without reimbursement unless otherwise expressly
provided for by the parties to this agreement or as provided in Sections 1541,
1586, and 1587, Military and Veterans Code; and that such mutual aid is
intended to be available in the event of a disaster of such magnitude that it
is, or is likely to be, beyond the control of a single party and requires the
combined forces of several or all of the parties to this agreement to combat. 

    4.  It is expressly understood that the mutual aid extended under this
agreement and the operational plans adopted pursuant thereto shall be
available and furnished in all cases of local peril or emergency and in all
cases in which a STATE OF EXTREME EMERGENCY has been proclaimed. 

    5.  It is expressly understood that any mutual aid extended under this
agreement and the operational plans adopted pursuant thereto, is furnished in
accordance with the "California Disaster Act" and other applicable provisions
of law, and except as otherwise provided by law that: "The responsible local
official in whose jurisdiction an incident requiring mutual aid has occurred
shall remain in charge at such incident including the direction of such
personnel and equipment provided him through the operation of such mutual aid
plans."  (Sec. 1564, Military and Veterans Code.)

    6.  It is expressly understood that when and as the State of California
enters into mutual aid agreements with other states and the Federal Government
that the parties to this agreement shall abide by such mutual aid agreements
in accordance with law. 

    7.  Upon approval or execution of this agreement by the parties hereto all
mutual aid operational plans heretofore approved by the State Disaster
Council, or its predecessors, and in effect as to some of the parties hereto,
shall remain in full force and effect as to them until the same may be
amended, revised, or modified.  Additional mutual aid operational plans and
amendments, revisions, or modifications of existing or hereafter adopted
mutual aid operational plans, shall be adopted as follows: 

    (a) Countywide and local mutual aid operational plans shall be developed
by the parties thereto and are operative as between the parties in accordance
with the provisions of such operational plans.  Such operational plans shall
be submitted to the State Disaster Council for approval.  The State Disaster
Council shall notify each party to such operational plans of its approval, and
shall also send copies of such operational plans to other parties to this
agreement who did not participate in such operational plans and who are in the
same area and affected by such operational plans.  Such operational plans
shall be operative as to such other parties 20 days after receipt thereof
unless within that time the party by resolution or notice given to the State
Disaster Council, in the same manner as notice of termination of participation
in this agreement, declines to participate in the particular operational plan.


    (b) Statewide and regional mutual aid operational plans shall be approved
by the State Disaster Council and copies thereof shall forthwith be sent to
each and every party affected by such operational plans.  Such operational
plans






                            Attachment 1-3-A, page 2
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

shall be operative as to the parties affected thereby 20 days after receipt
thereof unless within that time the party by resolution or notice given to the
State Disaster Council, in the same manner as notice of termination of
participation in this agreement, declines to participate in the particular
operational plan. 

    (c) The declination of one or more of the parties to participate in a
particular operational plan or any amendment, revision, or modification
thereof, shall not affect the operation of this agreement and the other
operational plans adopted pursuant thereto. 

    (d) Any party may at any time by resolution or notice given to the State
Disaster Council, in the same manner as notice of termination of participation
in this agreement, decline to participate in any particular operational plan,
which declination shall become effective 20 days after filing with the State
Disaster Council. 

    (e) The State Disaster Council shall send copies of all operational plans
to those state departments and agencies designated by the Governor.  The
Governor may, upon behalf of any department or agency, give notice that such
department or agency declines to participate in a particular operational plan.


    (f) The State Disaster Counci1, in sending copies of operational plans and
other notices and information to the parties to this agreement, shall send
copies to the Governor and any department or agency head designated by him;
the chairman of the board of supervisors, the clerk of the board of
supervisors, and County Disaster Council, and any other officer designated by
a county; the mayor, the clerk of the city council, the City Disaster Council,
and any other officer designated by a city; the executive head, the clerk of
the governing body, or other officer of other political subdivisions and
public agencies as designated by such parties. 

    8.  This agreement shall become effective as to each party when approved
or executed by the party, and shall remain operative and effective as between
each and every party that has heretofore or hereafter approved or executed
this agreement, until participation in this agreement is terminated by the
party.  The termination by one or more of the parties of its participation in
this agreement shall not affect the operation of this agreement as between the
other parties thereto.  Upon approval or execution of this agreement the State
Disaster Council shall send copies of all approved and existing mutual aid
operational plans affecting such party which shall become operative as to such
party 20 days after receipt thereof unless within that time the party by
resolution or notice given to the State Disaster Council, in the same manner
as notice of termination of participation in this agreement, declines to
participate in any particular operational plan.  The State Disaster Council
shall keep every party currently advised of who the other parties to this
agreement are and whether any of them has declined to participate in any
particular operational plan. 

    9.  Approval or execution of this agreement shall be as follows: 

        (a)  The Governor shall execute a copy of this agreement on behalf of
the State of California and the various departments and agencies thereof. 
Upon execution by the Governor a signed copy shall forthwith be filed with the
State Disaster Council. 



                            Attachment 1-3-A, page 3
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


        (b)  Counties, cities, and other political subdivisions and public
agencies having a legislative or governing body shall by resolution approve
and agree to abide by this agreement, which may be designated as "CALIFORNIA
DISASTER AND CIVIL DEFENSE MASTER MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT."  Upon adoption of
such a resolution, a certified copy thereof shall forthwith be filed with the
State Disaster Council. 

        (c)  The executive head of those political subdivisions and public
agencies having no legislative or governing body shall execute a copy of this
agreement and forthwith file a signed copy with the State Disaster Council. 

    l0. Termination of participation in this agreement may be affected by any
party as follows: 

        (a)  The Governor, upon behalf of the State and its various
departments and agencies, and the executive head of those political
subdivisions and public agencies having no legislative or governing body,
shall file a written notice of termination of participation in this agreement
with the State Disaster Council and this agreement is terminated as to such
party 20 days after the filing of such notice. 

        (b)  Counties, cities, and other political subdivisions and public
agencies having a legislative or governing body shall by resolution give
notice of termination of participation in this agreement and file a certified
copy of such resolution with the State Disaster Council, and this agreement is
terminated as to such party 20 days after the filing of such resolution. 

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF this agreement has been executed and approved and is
effective and operative as to each of the parties as herein provided. 

                                   /signed/  EARL WARREN
                                             GOVERNOR
                                             On behalf of the State of
                                            California and all its Departments
                                            and Agencies

                 ATTEST:           /signed/  FRANK M. JORDAN
             November l5, l950               Secretary of State
(GREAT SEAL)

Note: 

There are references in the foregoing agreement to the California Disaster
Act, State Disaster Council, and various sections of the Military and Veterans
Code. 

Effective November 23, 1970, by enactment of Chapter 1454, Statutes 1970, the
California Disaster Act (Sections 1500 ff., Military and Veterans Code) was
superseded by the California Emergency Services Act (Sections 8550 ff.,
Government Code), and the State Disaster Council was superseded by the
California Emergency Council. 







                      Attachment 1-3-A, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (6/87)

Section 8668 of the California Emergency Services Act provides: 

     (a)   Any disaster council previously accredited, the State Civil Defense
           and Disaster Plan, the State Emergency Resources Management Plan,
           the State Fire Disaster Plan, the State Law Enforcement Mutual Aid
           Plan, all previously approved civil defense and disaster plans, all
           mutual aid agreements, and all documents and agreements existing as
           of the effective date of this chapter, shall remain in full force
           and effect until revised, amended, or revoked in accordance with
           the provisions of this chapter. 

           In addition, Section 8561 of the new act specifically provides:  

           "Master Mutual Aid Agreement" means the California Disaster and
           Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement, made and entered into by
           and between the State of California, its various departments and
           agencies, and the various political subdivisions of the state, to
           facilitate implementation of the purposes of this chapter. 

Substantially the same provisions as previously contained in Section 1541,
1564, 1586 and 1587 of the Military and Veterans Code, referred to in the
foregoing agreement, are now contained in Sections 8633, 8618, 8652 and 8643,
respectively, of the Government Code. 



































                             Attachment 1-3-A, page 5
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                        Attachment 1-3-B, Enclosure 1-3

                           LOCAL MUTUAL AID AGREEMENT





















                        (TO BE COMPLETED BY JURISDICTION)

































                                Attachment I-3-B
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                            Enclosure 1-4, Part One

                            CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT

1.   Introduction

A major disaster or an enemy attack could result in great loss of life and
property, including the death or injury of key government officials, the
partial or complete destruction of established seats of government, and the
destruction of public and private records essential to continued operations of
government and industry. 

In the aftermath of an enemy attack, during the reconstruction period, law and
order must be preserved and, so far as possible, government services must be
maintained.  This can best be done by civil government.  To this end, it is
particularly essential that the local units of government continue to
function. 

Applicable portions of the California Government Code and the State Consti-
tution (listed in Paragraph 6) provide authority for the continuity and
preservation of state and local government. 

2.   Responsibilities

Government at all levels is responsible for providing continuity of effective
leadership and authority, direction of emergency operations, and management of
recovery. 

3.   Preservation of Local Governments

3.a  Succession of Local 0fficials

Sections 8635 through 8643 of the Government Code: 

     (1)   Furnish a means by which the continued functioning of political
           subdivisions can be assured by providing for the preservation and
           continuation of (city and county) government in the event of an
           enemy attack, or in the event a State of Emergency or Local
           Emergency is a matter of statewide concern. 

     (2)   Authorize political subdivisions to provide for the succession of
           officers (department heads) having duties related to law and order
           and/or health and safety. 

     (3)   Authorize governing bodies to designate and appoint three standby
           officers for each member of the governing body and for the Chief
           Executive, if not a member of the governing body.  Standby officers
           may be residents or officers of a political subdivision other than
           that to which they are appointed.  Standby officers take the same
           oath as regular officers and are designated Nos. 1, 2, and 3 as the
           case may be.  (See Attachment 1-4-A for a listing of the juris-
           diction's designees.)







                              Enclosure 1-4, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


    (4)  Authorize standby officers to report ready for duty in the event of a
         State of War Emergency, State of Emergency, or Local Emergency at the
         place previously designated. 

    (5)  Authorize local governing bodies to convene as soon as possible
         whenever a State of War Emergency, State of Emergency, or Local
         Emergency exists, and at a place not within the political subdivi-
         sion.  Authorize that, should all members, including all standbys, be
         unavailable, temporary officers shall be appointed as follows: 

         o  By the Chairman of the Board of the county in which the political
            subdivision is located, or

         o  By the Chairman of the Board of any other county within 150 miles
            (nearest and most populated down to farthest and least populated),
            or

         o  By the mayor of any city within 150 miles (nearest and most
            populated down to farthest and least populated). 


3.b  Temporary County Seats

Section 23600 of the Government Code provides that: 

    (1)  Boards of Supervisors shall designate alternative temporary county
         seats which may be outside the county boundaries. 

    (2)  They cannot purchase real property for this purpose. 

    (3)  Their resolution is to be filed with the Secretary of State. 

    (4)  Different sites can be designated subsequently if circumstances
         require. 

3.c  Suspensions and Appointments

Section 8621 of the Government Code: 

    Specifies that during a State of War Emergency, in the event that any
    officer of a political subdivision or employee of a state agency refuses
    or willfully neglects to obey an order or emergency regulation, the
    Governor may suspend that person and designate a replacement. 

4.   Preservation of State Government

4.a  Continuity of State Government

In the event of war or enemy-caused disaster, under the authority of Article
IV, Section 2l of the State Constitution, the Legislature may provide for: 








                             Enclosure 1-4, page 2
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


     (1)  Filling the membership of either house should at least one-fifth be
          killed, missing or disabled. 

     (2)  Filling the Office of the Governor should the Governor be killed,
          missing or disabled. 

     (3)  Selecting a temporary seat of state or county government. 


4.b  Succession to the Office of Governor

Article V, Section 10 of the State Constitution stipulates that: 

     (1)  The Lt. Governor shall become Governor under specified conditions. 

     (2)  The Legislature shall provide an order of precedence after the Lt. 
          Governor. 

Section 12058 of the Government Code provides that: 

     (3)  Following the Governor and the Lt. Governor, the line of succession
          is President Pro Tempore of the Senate, Speaker of the Assembly,
          Secretary of State, Attorney General, Treasurer, and Controller. 

     (4)  Or, if none of the above is available as a result of a war or
          enemy-caused disaster, then such other person as provided by law. 

Section 12060 of the Government Code provides that: 

     (5)  The Governor shall appoint and designate by filing with the
          Secretary of State, the names of at least four and not more than
          seven citizens who will succeed in the order specified to the Office
          of the Governor. 

     (6)  Consideration be given to appointments from various parts of the
          state so there will be the greatest probability of survival. 

     (7)  The persons appointed be confirmed by the Senate. 

     (8)  The appointed person take the oath of office and is thereupon
          designated as a Disaster Acting Governor. 

     (9)  In the event that the Office of Governor is not filled within 24
          hours after the enemy-caused disaster, one of the Disaster Acting
          Governors in the order specified shall fill the office. 

     (l0) Each Disaster Acting Governor shall, while filling the office, have
          the powers and perform all the duties of the office. 


4.c  Succession to Constitutional Offices

Section 12700 of the Government Code provides that: 





                              Enclosure 1-4, page 3
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     The Lt. Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Treasurer, and
     Controller shall appoint and designate at least three and not more than
     seven alternates who will serve as acting officer in a manner like that
     provided for the Governor. 

4.d  Temporary Seat of State Government

Section 450 of the Government Code provides that: 

     (1)  The Governor shall designate an alternative temporary seat of
          government for use in the event of war or enemy-caused disaster or
          the imminence thereof. 

     (2)  A different location may subsequently be designated as circumstances
          require. 

     (3)  The Director of the Department of General Services shall arrange for
          the use of the designated facilities. 


4.e  Sessions of the Legislature

Section 9035 of the Government Code provides that: 

     (1)  The Legislature will convene in a war or enemy-caused disaster at
          Sacramento or in the designated temporary seat of state government. 

     (2)  In such special session, the Legislature may fill any vacancies in
          its membership and may consider and act on any subject of
          legislation designed to relieve or alleviate the consequences of the
          disaster or to restore or continue state and local government
          activities and operations. 


5.   Preservation of Essential Records

Each level of government should protect its essential records.  The determin-
ation of the records to be preserved rests with each agency service chief or
with the custodian of the records. 

Record depositories should be located well away from potential danger zones
and housed in facilities designed to withstand blast, fire, water, and other
destructive forces.  Such action will ensure that: 

     (1)  The rights and interests of individuals, corporations, other
          entities, and governments are preserved.

     (2)  Records will be available during emergency operations and later, for

          reestablishing normal governmental activities.

Three types of records considered essential are those required to:








                            Enclosure 1-4, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

     (1)  Protect the rights and interests of individuals.  These include
          vital statistics, land and tax records, license registers, and
          articles of incorporation. 

     (2)  Conduct emergency operations.  These would include utility systems
          maps, locations of emergency supplies and equipment, emergency
          operations plans and procedures, lines of succession, and lists of
          regular and auxiliary personnel. 

     (3)  Reestablish normal governmental functions and protect the rights and
          interests of government.  Constitutions and charters, statutes and
          ordinances, court records, official proceedings, and financial
          records would be included here. 

6.   References

     Continuity of Government in California (Article IV, Section 21 of the
     State Constitution). 

     Preservation of Local Government (Article 15 of the California Emergency
     Services Act). 

     Temporary Seat of State Government (Section 450, Title 1, Division 3,
     Chapter 1 of the Government Code). 

     Temporary County Seats (Section 23600, Title 3, Division 1, Chapter 4,
     Article 1 of the Government Code). 

     Members of the Legislature (Section 9004, Title 2, Division 2, Part 1,
     Chapter 1.5, Article 1 of the Government Code). 

     Legislative Session after War or Enemy-Caused Disaster (Sections 9035-
     9038, Title 2, Division 2, Part 1, Chapter 1.5, Article 2.5 of the
     Government Code). 

     Succession to the office of Governor (Article V, Section 10 of the State
     Constitution). 

     Succession to the Office of Governor (Sections 12058-12063, Title 2,
     Division 3, Part 2, Chapter 1, Articles 5.5 and 6 of the Government
     Code). 

     Succession to Constitutional Offices (Sections 12700-12704, Title 2,
     Division 3, Part 2, Chapter 7 of the Government Code). 

     Preservation of State Records (Sections 14745-14750, Title 2, Division 3,
     Part 5.5, Chapter 5, Articles 2 and 3 of the Government Code). 


Attachment: 

     1-4-A Standby Officers for the Local Governing Body







                              Enclosure 1-4, page 5
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                         Attachment 1-4-A, Enclosure 1-4

                  STANDBY OFFICERS FOR THE LOCAL GOVERNING BODY






















                      (To BE COMPLETED BY THE JURISDICTION)
































                                Attachment 1-4-A
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                            Enclosure 1-5, Part One

                               GLOSSARY OF TERMS*


Aerial Reconnaissance

An aerial assessment of the damaged area which includes gathering information
on the level and extent of damage and identifying potential hazardous areas
for on-site inspections. 


Casualty Collection Point (CCP)

A location within a jurisdiction which is used for the assembly, triage
(sorting), medical stabilization, and subsequent evacuation of casualties.  It
may also be used for the receipt of incoming medical resources (doctors,
nurses, supplies, etc.).  Preferably the site should include or be adjacent to
an open area suitable for use as a helicopter pad. 


Counterforce Targets

Places that contain strategic offensive military forces; e.g., SAC Bomber
Bases, ICBM Fields, Missile Submarine Support Bases. 


Decontamination/Contamination Control

     Radioactive Materials
     The reduction (normally by removal) of contaminating radioactive material
     from a structure, area, person, or object.  Decontamination may be
     accomplished by treating (e.g., washing down or sweeping) the surface so
     as to remove the contamination.  Contamination control is accomplished by
     isolating the area or object and letting the material stand so that the
     radioactivitiy is decreased as a result of natural decay.  Contaminated
     material may be covered to prevent redistribution and/or to provide
     shielding. 

                    
*    Federal definitions are adapted from federal disaster relief laws, rules,
     and regulations.  State definitions are adapted from the California
     Emergency Services Act.  All other definitions are based on terms
     developed through new operational concepts and mutually agreed to, where
     applicable, between the State Office of Emergency Services, various
     local, state, and federal agencies, and the private sector. 













                              Enclosure 1-5, page 1
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


    Other Hazardous Materials

     Decontamination consists of physically removing contaminants and/or
     changing their chemical nature to innocuous substances.  How extensive
     decontamination must be depends on a number of factors, the most
     important being the type of contaminants involved.  The more harmful the
     contaminant, the more extensive and thorough decontamination must be. 
     Less harmful contaminants may require less decontamination.  Combining
     decontamination, the correct method of doffing personnel protective
     equipment, and the use of site work zones minimizes cross-contamination
     from protective clothing to wearer, equipment to personnel, and one area
     to another.  Only general guidance can be given on methods and techniques
     for decontamination.  The exact procedure to use must be determined after
     evaluating a number of factors specific to the incident. 

Direction and Control (Emergency Management)

The provision of overall operational control and/or coordination of emergency
operations at each level of the Statewide Emergency Organization, whether it
be the actual direction of field forces or the coordination of joint efforts
of governmental and private agencies in supporting such operations. 

Disaster Assistance Center (DAC)

A facility jointly established by the Federal and State Coordinating Officers
within or adjacent to a disaster impacted area to provide disaster victims a
"one-stop" service in meeting their emergency and/or rehabilitation needs.  It
will usually be staffed by representatives of local, state, and federal
governmental agencies, private service organizations and certain
representatives of the private sector. 

Disaster Field Office (DFO)

A central facility established by the Federal Coordinating Officer within or
immediately adjacent to disaster impacted areas to be utilized as a point of
coordination and control for state and federal governmental efforts to support
disaster relief and recovery operations. 

Disaster Service Worker

Includes public employees and any unregistered person impressed into service
during a State of War Emergency, a State of Emergency, or a Local Emergency by
a person having authority to command the aid of citizens in the execution of
his duties.  It does not include any member registered as an active
firefighting member of any regularly organized volunteer fire department,
having official recognition, and full or partial support of the county, city,
town or district in which such fire department is located. 

Disaster Support Area (DSA)

A predesignated facility anticipated to be at the periphery of a disaster
area, where disaster relief resources (manpower and material) can be received,
     





                             Enclosure 1-5, page 2
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

accommodated or stockpiled, allocated, and dispatched into the disaster area. 
A separate portion of the area may be used for receipt and emergency treatment
of casualty evacuees arriving via short-range modes of transportation (air

and ground) and for the subsequent movement of casualties by heavy, long-range
aircraft, to adequate medical care facilities. 

Disaster Welfare Inquiry (DWI)

A service that Provides health and welfare reports about relatives and certain
other individuals believed to be in a disaster area and when the disaster
caused dislocation or disruption of normal communications facilities precludes
normal communications. 

Economic Stabilization

The intended result of governmental use of direct and indirect controls to
maintain and stabilize the nation's economy during emergency conditions. 
Direct controls include such actions as the setting or freezing of wages,
prices, and rents or the direct rationing of goods.  Indirect controls can be
put into effect by government through use of monetary, credit, tax, or other
policy measures. 

Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP)

A large amount of energy is released by the detonation of a high altitude
nuclear weapon.  A small proportion of this energy appears in the form of a
high intensity, short duration, electromagnetic pulse (EMP), somewhat similar
to that generated by lightning.  EMP can cause damage or malfunction in
unprotected electrical or electronic systems.  When nuclear weapons are
detonated at high altitudes, EMP damage can occur essentially instantaneously
over very large areas.  All unprotected communications equipment is
susceptible to damage or destruction by EMP, including broadcast stations,
radios, televisions, car radios, and battery-operated portable transistor
radios. 

Emergency (State Definition   Also see Local Emergency and State of Emergency)

A disaster situation or condition of extreme peril to life and/or property,
resulting from other than war or labor controversy, which is or is likely to
be beyond local capability to control without assistance from other political
entities. 

Emergency (Federal Definition)

Any hurricane, tornado, storm, flood, high-water, wind-driven water, tidal
wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, snowstorm,
drought, fire, explosion, or other catastrophe in any part of the United
States which requires federal emergency assistance to supplement state and
local efforts to save lives and protect public health and safety or to avert
or lessen the threat of a major disaster. 








                              Enclosure 1-5, page 3
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

Emergency Broadcast System (EBS)

A system that enables the President and federal, state, and local governments
to communicate with the general public through commercial broadcast stations
in the event of a war-caused emergency or, in some cases, large natural
disaster.  EBS uses the facilities and personnel of the broadcast industry on
a voluntary organized basis.  It is operated by the industry under rules and
regulations of the Federal Communications Commission. 

Emergency Management (Direction and Control)

The provision of overall operational control and/or coordination of emergency
operations at each level of the Statewide Emergency Organization, whether it
be the actual direction of field forces or the coordination of joint efforts
of governmental and private agencies in supporting such operations. 

Emergency Operating Center (EOC)

A facility used for the centralized direction and/or coordination of emergency
operations.  An effective EOC must provide adequate working space and be
properly equipped to accommodate its staff, have a capability to communicate
with field units and other E0Cs, and provide protection commensurate with the
projected risk at its location. 

Emergency Organization

Civi1 government augmented or reinforced during an emergency by elements of
the private sector, auxiliaries, volunteers, and persons impressed into
service. 

Emergency Period

A period which begins with the recognition of an existing, developing, or
impending situation that poses a potential threat to a community.  It includes
the warning (where applicable) and impact phase and continues until immediate
and ensuing effects of the disaster no longer constitute a hazard to life or
threat to property. 

Emergency Plans

Those official and approved documents which describe principles, policies,
concepts of operations, methods and procedures to be applied in carrying out
emergency operations or rendering mutual aid during emergencies.  These plans
include such elements as continuity of government, emergency functions of
governmental agencies, mobilization and application of resources, mutual aid,
and public information. 

Emergency Public Information (EPI)

Information disseminated to the public by official sources during an
emergency, using broadcast and print media.  EPI includes:  (1) instructions
on survival 







                                   Enclosure 1-5, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


and health preservation actions to take (what to do, what not to do,
evacuation procedures, etc.),  (2) status information on the disaster
situation (number of deaths, injuries, property damage, etc.), and  (3) other
useful information (state/federal assistance available). 

Emergency Public Information System (EPIC)

The network of information officers and their staffs who operate from EPICs at
all levels of government within the state.  The system also includes the news
media through which emergency information is released to the public. 

Essential Facilities

Facilities that are essential for maintaining the health, safety, and overall
well-being of the public following a disaster (e.g., hospitals, police and
fire department buildings, utility facilities, etc.).  May also include
buildings that have been designated for use as mass care facilities (e.g.,
schools, churches, etc.). 

Evacuation

Moving to an area of less risk.

Evacuee

An individual who moves or is moved from a hazard area to a less hazardous
area with anticipation of return when the hazard abates. 

Expedient Shelter

Any shelter constructed in an emergency or crisis period on a "crash basis" by
individuals, single families, or small groups of families. 

Fallout Shelter

A habitable structure, or space therein, used to protect its occupants from
radioactive fallout.  Criteria (National Shelter Survey requirements) include
a protection factor of 40 or greater, a minimum of 10 square feet of floor
space per person, and at least 65 cubic feet of space per person.  In
unventilated underground space, 500 cubic feet of space per person is
required. 

Fallout Shelter Development

The building of fallout shelters to eliminate existing or anticipated shelter
deficits.  During noncrisis periods this may include construction of single
purpose fallout shelters, modifications to existing structures, or use of
special procedures in new construction.  During a crisis period, it would
include shelter upgrading and expedient shelter construction. 

Fallout Shelter Upgrading 

Actions taken to improve fallout shelter protection in existing facilities. 
Typical methods include placement of soil or other materials overhead and
around walls to provide shielding from fallout, the construction of
ventilation devices, and the blocking of apertures. 


                              Enclosure 1-5, page 5
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Federal Agency (Federal Definition)

Any department, independent establishment, government corporation, or other
agency of the executive branch of the federal government, including the United
States Postal Service, but not including the American Red Cross. 

Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO) (Federal Definition)

The person appointed by the President to coordinate federal assistance
following an emergency or major disaster declaration. 

Federal Disaster Assistance

Provides in-kind and monetary assistance to disaster victims, state, or local
government by federal agencies under the provision of the Federal Disaster
Relief Act and other statutory authorities of federal agencies. 

First Aid Station

A location within a mass care facility or Casualty Collection Point where
first aid may be administered to disaster victims. 

Governor's Authorized Representative (Federal Definition)

The person named by the Governor in a Federal/State Agreement to execute, on
behalf of the state, all necessary documents for disaster assistance,
following the declaration of an Emergency or Major Disaster by the President,
including certification of applications for public assistance. 

Hazard

Any source of danger or element of risk. 

Hazard Area

A geographically identifiable area in which a specific hazard presents a
potential threat to life and property. 

Incident Command System (ICS)

A system designed for the on-scene management of emergencies resulting from
fires and other natural or man-caused emergencies.  ICS can be used during
serious multidisciplinary (fire, law, medical) emergencies or for operations
involving a single jurisdiction with single or multiagency involvement, or
multijurisdiction/multiagency involvement. 

Institutionalized Persons

Persons who reside in public or private group quarters rather than households,
for example, residents of hospitals, nursing homes, orphanages, colleges,
universities, and correctional facilities.  These residents generally lack
major household possessions or transportation, or require special care and
custody. 





                                   Enclosure 1-5, page 6
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Joint Emergency Operating Center (JEOC)

A facility established on the periphery of a disaster area to coordinate and
control multijurisdictional emergency operations within the disaster area. 
The JEOC will be staffed by representatives of select local, state and federal
agencies and private organizations, and will have the capability of providing
a communications link between any Mobile Emergency Operating Centers estab-
lished in the disaster area and the State Operations Center in Sacramento. 

Lifelines

Includes the infrastructure for (storage, treatment, and distribution) fuel,
communication, and water and sewage systems. 


Limited Mobility Population

Persons requiring transportation during emergency movement operations. 


Local Emergency (State Definition)

The duly proclaimed existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to
the safety of persons and property within the territorial limits of a county,
city and county, or city, caused by such conditions as air pollution, fire,
flood, storm, epidemic, riot, or earthquake or other conditions, other than
conditions resulting from a labor controversy, which conditions are or are
likely to be beyond the control of the services, personnel, equipment, and
facilities of that political subdivision and require the combined forces of
political subdivisions to combat. 

Major Disaster (Federal Definition)

Any hurricane, tornado, storm, flood, high-water, wind-driven water, tidal
wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, snowstorm,
drought, fire, explosions, or other catastrophe in any part of the United
States which, in the determination of the President, causes damage of
sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant major disaster assistance under
the Federal Disaster Relief Act, above and beyond emergency services by the
Federal Government, to supplement the efforts and available resources of
States, local governments, and disaster relief organizations in alleviating
the damage, loss, hardship, or suffering caused thereby. 


Mass Care Facility

A location such as a school at which temporary lodging, feeding, clothing,
registration, welfare inquiry, first aid, and essential social services can be
provided to disaster victims during the immediate/sustained emergency period. 









                              Enclosure 1-5, page 7
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Master Mutual Aid Agreement (State Definition)

The California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement made and
entered into by and between the State of California, its various departments
and agencies, and the various political subdivisions of the state. 


Media

Means of providing information and instructions to the public, including
radio, television, and newspapers. 

Medical Self-Help

The medical treatment provided for the sick and injured by citizens and
emergency forces in the absence of professional care. 

Multipurpose Staging Area (MSA)

A predesignated location such as a County/District Fairgrounds having large
parking areas and shelter for equipment and operators, which provides a base
for coordinated localized emergency operations, a rally point for mutual aid
coming into an area, and a site for post-disaster population support and
recovery activities. 

Mutual Aid Agreement

An agreement in which two or more parties agree to furnish resources and
facilities and to render services to each and every other party of the
agreement to prevent and respond to any type of disaster or emergency. 

Mutual Aid Region (State Definition)

A subdivision of the state emergency services organization, established to
facilitate coordination of mutual aid and other emergency operations within an
area of the state consisting of two or more counties (operational areas). 

Mutual Aid Staging Area

A temporary facility established by the State Office of Emergency Services
within, or adjacent to, affected areas.  It may be supported by mobile
communications and personnel provided by field or headquarters staff from
state agencies, as well as personnel from local jurisdictions throughout the
state. 

Operational Area (State Definition)

An intermediate level of the state emergency services organization, consisting
of a county and all political subdivisions within the county area.  (Note: Use
of the Operational Area is required during a war emergency and is locally
optional during peacetime emergencies.)







                                   Enclosure 1-5, page 8
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Planning Zone

A subdivision of a county consisting of:  1) a city; 2) a city and its sphere
of influence in adjacent unincorporated areas; 3) a portion of the
unincorporated area of a county; 4) a military installation; 5) a state
facility such as a correctional institution.  Zoning simplifies the process of
collecting and compiling data according to geograpnical location. 

Political Subdivision (State Definition)

Includes any city, city and county, county, district, or other local
governmental agency or public agency authorized by law. 

Protection Factor (PF)

A number used to express the relationship between the amount of fallout gamma
radiation that would be received by an unprotected person and the amount that
would be received by a person in a shelter.  0ccupants of a shelter with a PF
of 40 would be exposed to a dose rate l/40th (2-1/2%) of the rate to which
they would be exposed if unprotected. 

Public Information Officer (PIO)

An individual responsible for releasing accurate official information to the
public through the news media. 

Radioactive Fallout

The process or phenomenon of the gravity-caused fallback to the earth's
surface of particles contaminated with radioactive materials from a cloud of
this matter formed by a nuclear detonation.  The term is also applied in a
collective sense to the contaminated particulate matter itself.  The early (or
local) fallout is defined, somewhat arbitrarily, as those particles which
reach the earth within 24 hours after a nuclear explosion.  Delayed
(worldwide) fallout consists of the smaller particles which ascend into the
upper troposphere and into the stratosphere and are carried by the winds to
all parts of the earth.  Delayed fallout is brought to earth mainly by rain or
snow, over extended periods ranging from months to years with relatively
little associated hazard. 

Radiological Protection

The organized effort, through warning, detection, and preventive and remedial
measures, to minimize the effect of nuclear radiation on people and resources.


Radiological Officer (RO)

An individual assigned to a Emergency Management Staff who is responsible for
radiological protection operations.  The RO is the principal advisor to the
Director/Coordinator and other officials on matters pertaining to radiological
protection operations. 






                              Enclosure 1-5, page 9
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Radiological Monitor

An individual trained to measure, record, and report radiation exposure and
exposure rates; provide limited field guidance on radiation hazards associated
with operations to which he is assigned; and perform operator's checks and
maintenance on radiological instruments. 

Reception and Care Center

A facility established in a low risk area to receive and process incoming
relocatees, and assign them to lodging facilities, and provide them with
information on feeding, medical care, and other essential services. 

Reception Area

An area which, through a hazard analysis and related preparedness planning, is
predesignated to receive and care for (or provide basic needs for) persons
displaced from a hazard area. 

    Example:   An area at the periphery of a dam failure inundation area
                which can accommodate evacuated persons in the event of need.
                 

Relocatee

An individual who is relocated from a hazard area to a low risk area with the
possibility of not returning. 

Remedial Movement

The post-attack or post-event movement of people to better protected
facilities or less hazardous areas. 

Remedial Operations

Actions taken after the onset of an emergency situation to offset or alleviate
its effects. 

Rescue Group

Two or more rescue teams responding as a unified group under supervision of a
designated group leader. 

Rescue, Heavy

Rescue requiring heavy lifting, prying or cutting, and/or consisting of
several tasks which require involvement of two or more teams working
concurrently. 

Rescue, Light

Rescue not requiring use of heavy lifting, prying, or cutting operations and
not more than one rescue team to accomplish in one hour. 





                                   Enclosure 1-5, page 10
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Rescue Team

Four or more personnel organized to work as a unit.  One member is designated
team leader. 

Rescue Vehicle, Heavy

A mobile unit equipped to support two or more rescue teams involved in heavy
rescue operations. 

Rescue Vehicle, Light

A mobile unit equipped to support one rescue team involved in light rescue
operations. 

Search

Systematic investigation of area or premises to determine the presence and/or
location of persons entrapped, injured, immobilized, or missing. 

Search Dog Team

A skilled dog handler with one or more dogs trained especially for finding
persons entrapped sufficiently to preclude detection by sight or sound. 
(NOTE: Search dogs are usually owned by their handler.)

Self-Help

A concept describing self-reliance and sufficiency within an adverse
environment and limited or no external assistance. 

Sensitive Facilities

Facilities in reception areas that will not normally be used as lodging
facilities for relocatees.  These facilities are either considered unsuitable
or are required for essential activities (food establishments, fire stations,
banks, radio stations, service stations, etc.).  However, if any of these
facilities provide adequate protection against radioactive fallout, they may
be used as fallout shelters. 

Service

An organization assigned to perform a specific function during an emergency. 
It may be one department or agency if only that organization is assigned to
perform the function, or it may be comprised of two or more normally
independent organizations grouped together to increase operational control and
efficiency during the emergency. 











                             Enclosure 1-5, page 11
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Shelter Complex

A geographic grouping of facilities to be used for fallout shelter when such
an arrangement serves planning, administrative, and/or operational purposes. 
Normally, a complex will include a maximum of 25 individual shelter
facilities, within a diameter of about 1/2 mile. 

Shelter Manager

An individual who provides for the internal organization, administration, and
operation of a shelter facility. 

Standing Operating Procedures (SOP)

A set of instructions having the force of a directive, covering those features
of operations which lend themselves to a definite or standardized procedure
without loss of effectiveness. 

State Agency (State Definition)

Any department, division, independent establishment, or agency of the
executive branch of the state government. 

State Coordinating Officer (SCO) (Federal Definition)

The person appointed by the Governor to act for the State in cooperation with
the Federal Coordinating Officer. 

State Emergency Organization

The agencies, boards, and commissions of the executive branch of state
government and affiliated private sector organizations. 

State Emergency Plan

The State of California Emergency Plan as approved by the Governor. 

State of Emergency (State Definition)

The duly proclaimed existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to
the safety of persons and property within the state caused by such conditions
as air pollution, fire, flood, storm, epidemic, riot, or earthquake or other
conditions, other than conditions resulting from a labor controversy, or
conditions causing a "state of war emergency", which conditions, by reason of
their magnitude, are or are likely to be beyond the control of the services,
personnel, equipment, and facilities of any single county, city and county, or
city and require the combined forces of a mutual aid region or regions to
combat. 

State of War Emergency (State Definition)

The condition which exists immediately, with or without a proclamation thereof
by the Governor, whenever the state or nation is directly attacked by an enemy





                                   Enclosure 1-5, page 12
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


of the United States, or upon the receipt by the state of a warning from the
federal government that such an enemy attack is probable or imminent. 

State Operations Center (SOC)

A facility established by the State 0ffice of Emergency Services Headquarters
for the purpose of coordinating and supporting operations within a disaster
area, and controlling the response efforts of state and federal agencies in
supporting local governmental operations.  The SOC will be staffed by
representatives of state and federal agencies and private organizations, and
will have the capability of providing a communications link to a Joint
Emergency Operating Center established on the periphery of a disaster area and
to any Mobile Emergency Operating Centers established in the disaster area. 


Stay-Put

A resident in a hazardous or potentially hazardous area who refuses to
relocate during a directed relocation, or who is too ill or infirm to be
evacuated. 


Traffic Control Points (TCP)

Places along movement routes that are manned by emergency personnel to direct
and control the flow of traffic. 


Volunteers

Individuals who make themselves available for assignment during an emergency. 
These people may or may not have particular skills needed during emergencies
and may or may not be part of a previously organized group. 
























                             Enclosure 1-5, page 13
DRAFT (02/87)

                                  Appendix 1

                           HAZARD-SPECIFIC SITUATIONS




1-1   Major Earthquake  (example included)

l-2   Hazardous Material Incident  (example included)

l-3   Imminent/Actual Flooding  (example included)

l-4   Imminent/Actual Dam Failure  (example included)

l-5   War Emergency

l-6   Volcano (to be developed)

l-7   Wildfire (to be developed)

l-8   Commercial Nuclear Power Plant (to be developed)

l-9   Transportation (to be developed)

l-l0  Avalanche (to be developed)

l-ll  Landslide (to be developed)

l-l2  Tsunami (to be developed)
















WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                               PLANNERS GUIDANCE





This Appendix to the Basic Plan (Part One) consists of a series of threat
summaries based on the results of the jurisdiction's hazard analysis. 
Incorporation of such summaries at this point in the Plan establishes a
planning requirement for related Hazard-Specific Response Appendices to
appropriate functional Annexes in Part Two of the Plan.  Each summary should
be identified by an appendix number (e.g., 1-1, 1-2, etc.) which will be the
same as the number assigned to the related Hazard-Specific Response
Appendices.  For example, if Appendix 1-1 is entitled "Major Earthquake", then
Appendices A-1 through K-1 in the Annexes should be entitled "Response to a
Major Earthquake".  These hazard-specific responses, usually in checklist
format, would be those which each functionally organized group (represented by
an Annex) would be expected to take in reaction to that event. 

The following Appendices are enclosed as examples of how identified local
hazards can be treated in this plan format.  The purpose is to describe the
area at risk and the anticipated nature of the situation, which could result
should the event threaten or occur.  Portions of these examples were drawn
from various existing local plans to illustrate how contingency
(hazard-specific) plans can be "crossed-over" into this plan format. 


































WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                                 E X A M P L E 

                                 Appendix 1-1

                                MAJOR EARTHQUAKE

                                       IN

                                SAN MATEO COUNTY



1.  General Situation

A major earthquake occurring in the jurisdiction could cause a great many
casualties, extensive property damage, fires, flooding, and other ensuing
hazards.  The effects could be aggravated by aftershocks and by the secondary
effects of fire, landslides, and dam failure.  The time of day and season of
the year would also have a profound effect on the number of dead and injured
and the amount of damage sustained.  Such an earthquake would be catastrophic
in its effect on the population and could exceed the response capability of
the state and local communities.  Damage control and disaster relief support
would be required from other local governmental and private organizations, and
from the state and federal governments. 

Extensive search and rescue operations may be required to assist trapped or
injured persons.  Emergency medical care, food and temporary shelter would be
required by injured or displaced persons.  Identification and burial of many
dead persons would pose difficult problems; public health would be a major
concern.  Mass evacuation may be essential to save lives, particularly in
areas below dams.  Many families would be separated, particularly if the
earthquake should occur during working hours, and a personal inquiry or
locator system would be essential to maintain morale.  Emergency operations
could be seriously hampered by the loss of communications and damage to
transportation routes within, and to and from, the disaster area and by the
disruption of public utilities and services. 

Extensive federal assistance could be required and could continue for an
extended period.  These efforts would be required to remove debris and clear
roadways, demolish unsafe structures, assist in reestablishing public services
and utilities, and provide continuing care and welfare for the affected
population, including temporary housing for displaced persons. 


2.  Special Situation

The San Andreas Fault, which traverses the San Francisco Peninsula, enters San
Mateo County on the Pacific Coast near Daly City and exits the county just
southwest of San Jose (see Attachment 1).  The ground shaking of an 8.3
magnitude earthquake on the northern San Andreas Fault (see Attachment 2)
would result in serious damage in San Mateo County.  The Modified Mercalli
Intensity Scale (see Attachment 3) generally describes damage resulting from
the shaking. 





                              Appendix 1-1, page 1

WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


The information presented below provides detailed estimates of potential
earthquake losses in San Mateo County from an 8.3 magnitude earthquake on the
northern San Andreas Fault.  The data is extracted from the following studies:
A Study of Earthquake Losses in the San Francisco Bay Area, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, 1972; Open File Report 81-113, l981, U.S. 
Geological Survey, Metropolitan San Francisco and Los Angeles Earthquake Loss
Studies:  1980 Assessment; Special Publication 61, 1982, California Division
of Mines and Geology, Earthquake Planning Scenario for a Magnitude 8.3
Earthquake on the San Andreas Fault in the San Francisco Bay Area. 


2.a Casualties

Since studies only predicted the total number of deaths and hospitalized
injuries, (exclusive of dam failures) for the entire San Francisco Bay Area,
it is assumed that a proportionate number of casualties will be generated in
San Mateo County.  The total number of casualties projected in the event an
8.3 magnitude earthquake occurs at 4:30 p.m. (the time when the Bay Area rush
hour traffic starts and many people are on the roads) are as follows: 

              Deaths                               Hospitalized Injuries      


          Hos-      Other                          Hos-      Other
Schools   pitals    Sources   Total      Schools   pitals    Sources    Total 

  200     1,450      9,720    11,370       600      4,400     39,340    44,340


(Note:  The ratio of non-hospitalized injuries to deaths is 30:1.)


2.b Long-Term Homeless

There could be approximately 9,600 long-term homeless persons. 




















                              Appendix 1-1, page 2
Draft

2.c Lower Crystal Springs Dam Failure

A failure of the Lower Crystal Springs Dam could result in the following: 


                                    Day            Night  



Persons Exposed                     67,000          63,000


Maximum Potential Deaths            33,000          34,000


Probable Potential Deaths           22,000          28,000


2.d Damage to Vital Public Services, Systems, and Facilities


Bed Loss in Major Hospitals


San Mateo County has nine major hospitals (99 beds or more) with a total
capacity of 2,416 beds.  Approximately 1,360, or 56%, of the total number of
beds could be lost during a major earthquake. 






























                              Appendix 1-1,  page 3


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


Highways

    U.S. 101
    U.S. 101 would be closed for a major portion of the distance from Menlo
    Park to Candlestick Park and would not be opened within 72 hours.  South
    of Candlestick Park to San Bruno, major land slips or movements would be
    distinctly possible in heavy ground motion, and major stretches of this
    freeway could be under water or badly damaged due to soil movements. 
    Access to the San Francisco International Airport would be shut off and
    could be reestablished in about 48 hours via Route 82. 


    Route 1
    The Devil's Slide area, on the San Andreas Fault crossing near the
    intersection with Skyline Blvd., would be closed even with moderate ground
    shaking.  Landslides along the coast to the south would close the
    remainder of the route for at least 72 hours. 


    Route 82 (El Camino Real)
    0pen with many major detours and delays to avoid collapsed buildings and
    bridges.  Most of the post-earthquake traffic would be on El Camino Real,
    although here, too, damaged and/or destroyed culverts crossing underneath
    the roadbed may necessitate local traffic diversions. 


    Route 92
    Closed from Half Moon Bay to Route 280 due to slides and faulting and
    would not be opened within 72 hours. 


    Route 35
    Closed and would not be opened within 72 hours.  The northerly portion
    crosses the San Andreas Fault near King Drive (Daly City); landslide
    potential south of Route 84.  Extensive damage due to fault rupture will
    occur throughout the northern portion of this route. 


    Interstate 280
    Closed for less than 36 hours.  Closed at Route 92 by a bridge collapse. 
    A detour can be made around this area in 8 hours.  Significant landslide
    hazard.  Although this route will be unaffected by fault rupture, its
    proximity to the fault may subject it to other effects that are not
    predictable. 


    Interstate 380
    Closed at U.S. 101; but open from Route 280 to Route 82.  Low liquefaction
    potential.  Detours can be made available around the affected
    interchanges. 


    Interstate 380/U.S. 101 Interchange
    It will not be possible to clear the damage within 72 hours. 


                             Appendix 1-1, page 4                         84

WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


    Airports

       San Francisco International Airport (SFO)

       Closed for over 72 hours; perhaps several weeks.  Practical land access
       will not exist due to freeway and highway damage which will effectively
       isolate the airport and nearby facilities. 


    Railroads

    The Southern Pacific Bay crossing between Fremont and Redwood City will be
    closed.  Commuter line will be closed. 


    Marine Facilities

    Marine facilities at Redwood Creek will be closed.


    Communications

       Telephone Systems

       Telephone communications will be adversely affected due to overloading
       resulting from post-earthquake calls within the area and from the
       outside, and many instruments will be off their hooks.  This situation
       will be further complicated by physical damage to equipment due to
       ground shaking, loss of service due to loss of electrical power, and
       subsequent failure of some auxiliary power sources. 

       Key system facilities are located near the San Andreas Fault in areas
       projected to experience intense ground shaking.  It is likely that the
       telephone systems in and to the south of San Francisco will have
       systemic failures not readily bypassed by alternative traffic routing. 
       It is also probable that the recovery effort will be delayed because
       many telephone company employees will have difficulty getting access to
       damaged areas to accomplish repairs. 


       Radio Systems

       Radio systems will generally operate at 40% effectiveness for the first
       12 hours after the earthquake, increase to 50% for the second 12 hours,
       then begin a slow decline to approximately 40% within 36 hours.  The
       long-term implications are that individual systems gradually will
       become less useful to the overall recovery effort when supplanted by
       systems relocated from outside the disaster area.  It is unlikely that
       public safety radio systems would become saturated with noncritical
       communications from mobile units.  However, it is clear that radio
       traffic densities on redundant (nonemergency designated) channels would
       increase, particularly when remote base station and repeater failures
       would tend to limit the number of redundant channels available.



85                           Appendix 1-1, page 5


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


       Nonetheless, after 12 hours, at which time the number of operable units
       will have declined (because of exhaustion of emergency power fuel) and
       because recovery efforts will have restored some order, the radio
       traffic density problem will ease. 

       Commercial Broadcasters

       All radio and TV facilities are expected to be out of operation in San
       Mateo County for 24 hours due to in-house problems, and/or power supply
       problems, and/or transmission line problems.  Elsewhere in the Bay
       Area, 1/3 of the facilities are also expected to be out of service for
       24 hours.  After 24 hours, 50% of the entire Bay Area facilities are
       expected to be in operation. 


    Water Supply and Waste Disposal

    Several of the major aqueducts will sustain damage, causing temporary
    interruptions in water supply.  The numerous major reservoirs in the area
    provide ample storage to meet demands during the time required for
    repairs.  However, damage to water transmission lines, local storage
    reservoirs, and pumping plants, as well as local distribution systems,
    will affect water availability and pressure.  The absence of electrical
    power for extended periods will, in some areas, preclude water deliveries
    where pumping is necessary, even though conveyance facilities may be
    intact.  Many areas could be dependent on tanker trucks to provide their
    basic needs. 

    Sewage collection systems will sustain widespread damage, particularly in
    the low-lying areas nearer the Bay.  The many sewage treatment facilities
    also located in structurally poor ground adjacent to the Bay will be
    damaged and will experience electrical power losses, resulting in
    discharge of raw sewage into the Bay. 

       Broadmoor Water Pipelines

       Out of operation for more than 72 hours.  These two principal pipe-
       lines supplying water to San Francisco are located on overpasses over
       Interstate 280 in the Broadmoor area. 

       San Andreas Water Treatment Plant

       Inoperable for more than 72 hours.  This plant is vulnerable because of
       its proximity to the surface rupture and its total dependence on
       commercial electric power.  The plant can be bypassed without
       significant impact to the water supply system. 


    Electric Power

    Damage to power plants and their ancillary facilities in affected areas
    can be expected to reduce generating capacity by 50 percent.  The
    potential impact of this reduction in local output is lessened, however,
    by the availability of power from other sources outside the affected area 


                              Appendix 1-1, page 6                        86


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

    and by the obvious significant reduction in consumer demand that will
    occur.  Immediate concerns will focus on repairs necessary to restore
    power to areas of greatest need.  Major restoration problems include
    repairs necessary to route power through the major substations, restora-
    tion of damaged and collapsed transmisson line towers, reactivation of
    equipment at local substations, and replacement of fallen poles, burned
    transformers, etc. 

    It is reasonable to assume that, during some portion of the first 72-hour
    period following the earthquake, virtually all areas would experience some
    temporary loss of power.  All critical facilities will require standby
    generating equipment and emergency fuel supplies.  It is assumed that all
    substations in San Mateo County will be heavily damaged, including the
    important Martin Substation.  This substation is located in an area of
    predicted intense ground shaking and possible ground failure, and major
    damage to some equipment at this station is a reasonable expectation.  The
    ability to route power through this critical station constitutes a major
    consideration in the restoration of power to the City of San Francisco. 

    Natural Gas

    Damage to natural gas facilities will consist primarily of (a) some
    isolated breaks in the major transmission lines and (b) innumerable breaks
    in mains and individual service connections within the distribution
    systems, particularly in the areas of intense ground shaking and/or poor
    ground nearer the Bay.  These many leaks in the distribution system will
    affect a major portion of the urban areas on the San Francisco Peninsula,
    resulting in a loss of service for extended periods.  Sporadically
    distributed fires should be expected at the sites of a small percentage of
    ruptures both in the transmission lines and the distribution system. 
    Transmission pipelines serving the San Francisco Peninsula are most
    vulnerable to damage. 

       SFO Pipeline
       Rupture of old pipeline sections will occur due to ground failure
       caused by liquefaction. 

       San Andreas Fault
       Rupture of pipelines will occur due to ground failure along the San
       Andreas Fault zone between San Andreas Lake and Route 1.  Pipeline
       rupture will also occur near Upper Crystal Springs Reservoir (between
       San Mateo Creek and 4 kilometers southeast of the junction of
       Interstate 280 and Route 92) due to landslides. 


3.  Emergency Response Actions

Emergency response actions associated with the above situations are presented
in Appendices A-1 through K-1 to the Annexes in Part Two of this plan. 

Attachments: 

    1 - Fault Map
    2 - Intensity Distribution
    3 - Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale


87                       Appendix 1-1 page 7


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                          Attachment 1, Appendix 1-1

                                    FAULT MAP













                                      (Map)


































               General traces of San Andreas and Hayward Faults. 




                                  Attachment 1                             88


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                          Attachment 2, Appendix 1-1

                             INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION











                                      (Map)


































Intensity distribution from a magnitude 8.3 earthquake on the San Andreas
Fault.  (See Attachment 3, Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale.)





                                  Attachment 2                             90

WORKING DRAFT (02/87)


                          Attachment 3, Appendix I-1

                        MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITY SCALE



      I   Not felt. Marginal and long-period effects of large earthquakes. 

     II   Felt by persons at rest, on upper floors, or favorably placed. 

    III   Felt indoors.  Hanging objects swing.  Vibration like passing of
          light trucks.  Duration estimated.  May not be recognized as an
          earthquake. 

     IV   Hanging objects swing.  Vibration like passing of heavy trucks; or
          sensation of a jolt like a heavy ball striking the walls.  Standing
          motor cars rock.  Windows, dishes, doors rattle.  Glasses clink. 
          Crockery clashes.  In the upper range of IV, wooden walls and frames
          creak. 

      V   Felt outdoors; direction estimated.  Sleepers wakened.  Liquids
          disturbed, some spilled.  Small unstable objects displaced or upset.
          Doors swing, close, open.  Shutters, pictures move.  Pendulum
          clocks stop, start, change rate. 

     VI   Felt by all.  Many frightened and run outdoors.  Persons walk
          unsteadily.  Windows, dishes, glassware broken.  Knickknacks, books,
          etc., off shelves.  Pictures off walls.  Furniture moved or over-
          turned.  Weak plaster and masonry D cracked.  Small bells ring
          (church, school).  Trees, bushes shaken (visibly, or heard to
          rustle).

    III   Difficult to stand. Noticed by drivers of motor cars. Hanging 
          objects quiver. Furniture broken. Damage to masonry D, including 
          cracks. Weak chimneys broken at rof line. fall of plaster, loose 
          bricks, stones, tiles, cornices (also unbraced parapets and archi-
          tectural ornaments). Some cracks in masonry C. Waves on ponds;
          water turbid with mud. Small slides and caving in along sand or
          gravel banks. Large bells ring. Concrete irrigation ditches
          damaged.

    VIII  Steering of motor cars affected. Damage to masonry C; partial
          collapse. Some damage to masonry B; none to masonry A. Fall of 
          stucco and some masonry walls. Twisting, fall of chimneys, factory
          stacks, monuments, toweres, elevated tanks. Frame houses moved on
          foundations if not bolted down: loose panel walls throuwn out.
          Decayed piling broken off. Branches broken from trees. Changes in
          flow or temperature of springs and wells. Cracks in wet ground and
          on steep slopes.





                              Attachment 3, page 1



WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

   IX    General panic.  Masonry D destroyed; masonry C heavily damaged,
         sometimes with complete collapse; masonry B seriously damaged. 
         (General damage to foundations.)  Frame structures, if not bolted,
         shifted off foundations.  Frames cracked.  Serious damage to
         reservoirs.  Underground pipes broken.  Conspicuous cracks in ground.
         In alluviated areas sand and mud ejected, earthquake fountains, sand
         craters. 


    X    Most masonry and frame structures destroyed with their foundations. 
         Some well-built wooden structures and bridges destroyed.  Serious
         damage to dams, dikes, embankments.  Large landslides.  Water thrown
         on banks of canals, rivers, lakes, etc.  Sand and mud shifted
         horizontally on beaches and flat land.  Rails bent slightly. 


    XI   Rails bent greatly.  Underground pipelines completely out of  
         service.
         


   XII Damage nearly total.  Large rock masses displaced.  Lines of sight
         and level distorted.  Objects thrown into the air. 


Definition of Masonry A, B, C, D:


Masonry A  Good workmanship, mortar, and design; reinforced, especially
laterally, and bound together by using steel, concrete, etc.; designed to
resist lateral forces. 


Masonry B  Good workmanship and mortar; reinforced, but not designed in detail
to resist lateral forces. 


Masonry C  Ordinary workmanship and mortar; no extreme weaknesses like failing
to tie in at corners, but neither reinforced nor designed against horizontal
forces. 


Masonry D  Weak materials, such as adobe; poor mortar; low standards of
workmanship; weak horizontally. 








                              Attachment 3, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)
                                  E X A M P L E


                                 Appendix 1-2

                           HAZARDOUS MATERIAL INCIDENT

                                       IN

                             SAN LUIS OBISPO COUNTY



1.  General Situation

The release of a hazardous material to the environment could cause a multitude
of problems that can be discussed in a general manner.  The significance of
the problems to the environment, property, or human health is dependent on the
type, location, and quantity of the material released.  Although hazardous
material incidents can happen almost anywhere, certain areas of the state are
at higher risk.  Jurisdictions near roadways that are frequently used for
transporting hazardous materials and jurisdictions with industrial facilities
that use, store, or dispose of such materials all have increased potential for
major mishaps, as do jurisdictions crossed by certain railways, waterways,
airways, and pipelines. 

Releases of explosive and highly flammable materials have caused fatalities
and injuries, necessitated large scale evacuations, and destroyed millions of
dollars worth of property.  Toxic chemicals in gaseous form have caused
injuries and fatalities among emergency response teams and passersby.  When
toxic materials have entered either surface or ground water supplies, serious
health effects have resulted.  Releases of hazardous chemicals have been
especially damaging when they have occurred in highly populated areas or along
heavily traveled transportation routes. 


2.  Special Situation

San Luis Obispo County is considered by most to be a rural area, far removed
from the multiple risks of hazardous material emergencies normally associated
with a more urbanized environment.  It is true that the County and its cities
do not have the large industrial complexes normally associated with a high
incidence of hazardous material emergencies.  However, it is equally true that
when a hazardous material emergency occurs, the multiple resources that more
urban communities draw upon are not immediately available to rural areas. 
Consequently, it is estimated that significant out-of-county assistance will
be unavailable for a period of two to five hours. 

The county contains major transportation arteries, such as U.S. 101 and the
Southern Pacific Railroad, each transporting hundreds of thousands of tons of
hazardous materials through and into the county each year.  It is highly
exposed to the effects of a major catastrophic hazardous material emergency
due to the proximity of U.S. 101 and the railroad to densely populated areas. 
Additionally, major east/west highways, such as Highways 41, 45 and 166,
traverse the county, facilitating a smaller volume of traffic but over a more
hazardous route. 




                              Appendix 1-2, page 1

WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

The county contains major oil terminals and pumping facilities in Estero Bay
and Port San Luis, with at least a dozen large diameter underground pipelines
traversing the county both east and west, and north and south.  Agriculture
utilizes large quantities of pesticides which are stored at numerous sites
around the county.  Fixed facilities are limited to small industrial parks
within or near the incorporated cities.  Air transportation of hazardous
materials involves the smallest quantities but still poses a potential hazard.


3.  Emergency Response Actions

Emergency response actions associated with the above situations are presented
in Appendices A-2 through K-2 to the Annexes in Part Two of this Plan. 














































                              Appendix 1-2, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                  E X A M P L E

                                 Appendix 1-3

                            IMMINENT/ACTUAL FLOODING

                                       IN

                                  SUTTER COUNTY


1.  General Situation

Floods are generally classed as either slow-rise or flash floods.  Slow-rise
floods may be preceded by a warning time lasting from hours, to days, or
possibly weeks.  Evacuation and sandbagging for a slow-rise flood may lessen
flood-related damage.  Conversely, flash floods are the most difficult to
prepare for, due to the extremely short warning time, if any is given at all. 
Flash flood warnings usually require immediate evacuation within the hour. 

Once flooding begins, personnel will be needed to assist in rescuing persons
trapped by flood water, securing utilities, cordoning off flooded areas and
controlling traffic.  These actions may overtax local agencies, and additional
personnel and resources may be required.  It is anticipated that existing
mutual aid resources would be used as necessary to augment local resources. 


2.  Special Situation

Areas subject to flooding in Sutter County are adjacent to the Sacramento and
Feather Rivers that border the county on the west and east respectively. 
Other areas that flood periodically are low lying lands near the Bear River,
Yankee, Negro, Curny and Pleasant Grove Creeks, and the Markham and Auburn
Rivers.  The Sutter and Tisdale By-passes afford an apppreciable level of
flood protection from Sacramento River overflows during the winter and spring
months, leaving the Feather River as the major slow-rise flood threat.  The
State/Federal River Forecast Center in Sacramento monitors both the Sacramento
and Feather Rivers through a series of stations located along the rivers.  The
system affords a degree of advance flood warning for emergency responders. 


2.a Emergency Readiness Stages

A slow-rise flood situation will evolve through a series of five Stages as
indicated below.  This evolution of an emergency could begin with a minor
problem, such as excessive rainfall, and culminate in a catastrophic event,
such as a major levee break and flooding. 

Emergency preparedness actions will be based on five Stages of response
actions.  These response actions are keyed to Feather River elevations
measured at the 5th Street Bridge in Yuba City.  The river elevations are
intended to be guides for declaring the response stages.  The Sutter County
Office of Emergency Services (OES) will declare response Stages based on a
variety of circumstances, including weather forecasts, dam releases, and levee
conditions. 




                              Appendix 1-3, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

    Stage I (Watch Stage)

         Pre-emergency river level is at 60 feet and is forecast to rise.  The
         Feather River flows over the banks of the main channel at this
         elevation. 


    Stage II (Warning Stage)

         River level is 65 feet; levee patrols are commenced. 


    Stage III (Full Alert Stage)

         River level is 70 feet and forecast to rise.  Flooding is possible.


     Stage IV (Emergency Stage)

         River level is 75 feet and forecast to rise.  Flooding is expected 


    Stage V (General Evacuation Stage)

         River level is 77 feet and forecast to rise.  Flooding is imminent.


2.b Levee Districts

Levee Districts 1 and 9 serve Sutter County.  These districts are responsible
for the maintenance and repairs of their respective levees.  Local officials
will need to notify district personnel under the five Emergency Readiness
Stages previously mentioned.  Actions of districts will be geared to each
stage as follows: 


    Stage I - 60 feet. 

         - Monitor river forecasts. 


    Stage II - 65 feet and forecast to rise (warning). 

         -    Notify District personnel of situation. 

         -    Inventory emergency resources. 

         -    Identify and tag vital records. 

         -    Review flood plans with District personnel. 

         -    Activate levee patrols; coordinate with City and County Public
              Works Departments. 

         -    Evacuate families of emergency personnel; return to duty. 




                              Appendix 1-3, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

    Stage III - 70 feet and forecast to rise. 

         -    Send representatives to the Emergency Operating Center. 

         -    Elevate tagged files and vital records. 

         -    Maintain written log. 

         -    Refuel all emergency equipment. 

         -    Determine area of potential flood danger. 


    Stage IV - 75 feet and forecast to rise. 

         -  Continue levee patrols. 


   Stage V- 77 feet and forecast to rise. 

         -    Cease levee patrols and sandbagging operations in danger area. 

         -    Commence general evacuation. 


2.c Evacuation Routes

Evacuation routes and other pertinent information relating to movement
operations are included in Appendix H-3 (Response to Imminent/Actual
Flooding), Annex H, Movement Operations. 


3.  Emergency Response Actions

Emergency response actions associated with the above situations are presented
in Appendices A-3 through K-3 to the Annexes in Part Two of this Plan. 


Attachments: 

    1 - Flood Hazard Map
    2 - River Stage Data
    3 - Levee and Reclamation District Map
















                              Appendix 1-3, page 3

WORKING DRAFT 902/87)

                          Attachment 1, Appendix 1-3

                                FLOOD HAZARD MAP

                                  SUTTER COUNTY








                                      (Map)



































Based on material obtained from:  Department of Water Resources, Bulletin 199,
California Flood Management:  An Evaluation of Flood Damage Prevention
Programs.  September 1980, Sacramento. 







                                  Attachment 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                          Attachment 2, Appendix 1-3

                                RIVER STAGE DATA

                                  SUTTER COUNTY



The zero datum for each gauge listed below is the U.S. Army Corps of Engin-
eers' Datum.  Datum is approximately three feet below mean sea level at
locations indicated. 

    Feather River at Gridley

    Warning Stage             95.0
    Flood Stage              103.8
    Danger Stage             104.8
    Top of Levee             107.2
    Record Peak Stage        102.2    (12/23/55)


    Feather River at Yuba City

    Warning Stage             65.0
    Flood Stage               80.2
    Danger Stage              81.2
    Top of Levee              83.5
    Record Peak Stage         82.4    (12/24/55)


    Feather River at Nicolaus

    Warning Stage             43.0
    Flood Stage               53.2
    Danger Stage              54.2
    Top of Levee              60.3
    Record Peak Stage         51.6    (12/23/55)


    Sutter Bypass at Longbridge

    Warning Stage             47.0
    Flood Stage               56.6
    Danger Stage              57.6
    Top of Levee              61.8
    Record Peak Stage         57.7    (03/01/40)


    Sacramento at Tisdale Wier

    Warning Stage             45.5
    Flood Stage               53.0
    Danger Stage              54.0
    Top of Levee              57.0
    Record Peak Stage         53.3    (03/01/40)




                                  Attachment 2



                          Attachment 3, Appendix 1-3

                       LEVEE AND RECLAMATION DISTRICT MAP

                                  SUTTER COUNTY






















































                                  Attachment 3


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                 E X A M P L E

                                  Appendix 1-4

                           IMMlNENT/ACTUAL DAM FAILURE

                                       IN

                              SANTA BARBARA COUNTY


1.  General Situation

Dam failures can result from a number of natural or manmade causes such as
earthquakes, erosion of the face or foundation, improper siting, rapidly
rising flood waters, and structural/design flaws. 

There are three general types of dams:  earth and rockfill, concrete arch or
hydraulic fill, and concrete gravity.  Each of these types of dams has
different failure characteristics.  The earth-rockfill dam will fail gradually
due to erosion of the breach; a flood wave will build gradually to a peak and
then decline until the reservoir is empty.  A concrete arch or hydraulic fill
dam will fail almost instantaneously; thus a very rapid build-up to a peak and
then a gradual decline.  A concrete gravity dam will fail somewhere in between
instantaneous and gradual, with corresponding build-up of flood wave. 

In addition to the above mentioned characteristics, warning ability is
generally determined by the frequency of inspections for structural integrity,
the flood wave arrival time (the time it takes for the flood wave to reach its
maximum distance of inundation), or the ability to notify persons downstream
and their ability to evacuate.  The existence and frequency of updating and
exercising an evacuation plan that is site-specific assists in warning and
evacuation functions. 

A dam failure will cause loss of life, damage to property, and other ensuing
hazards, as well as the displacement of persons residing in the inundation
path.  Damage to electric generating facilities and transmission lines could
also impact life support systems in communities outside the immediate hazard
areas. 

A catastrophic dam failure, depending on size of dam and population down-
stream, could exceed the response capability of local communities.  Damage
control and disaster relief support would be required from other local
governmental and private organizations, and from the state and federal
governments. 

Mass evacuation of the inundation areas would be essential to save lives if
warning time should permit.  Extensive search and rescue operations may be
required to assist trapped or injured persons.  Emergency medical care, food,
and temporary shelter would be required for injured or displaced persons. 
Identification and burial of many dead persons would pose difficult problems;
public health would be a major concern.  Many families would be separated,
particularly if the failure should occur during working hours, and a personal
inquiry or locator system would be essential.  These and other emergency 





                              Appendix 1-4, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

operations could be seriously hampered by the loss of communications, damage
to transportation routes, and the disruption of public utilities and other
essential services.

Governmental assistance could be required and may continue for an extended
period.  These efforts would be required to remove debris and clear roadways,
demolish unsafe structures, assist in reestablishing public services and
utilities, and provide continuing care and welfare for the affected population
including, as required, temporary housing for displaced persons. 


2.  Special Situation

There are seven major dams in Santa Barbara County with known populations in
their respective inundation areas.  They are:  Alisal Creek, Bradbury, Dos
Pueblos, Gibraltar, Juncal, Rancho Del Ciervo, and Twitchell. 

Of prime concern is the failure of Bradbury Dam, owned by the Bureau of
Reclamation.  The flood waters from this dam would affect Cachuma Village,
Solvang, Buellton, Lompoc City, Lompoc Valley, and south Vandenberg AFB.  The
remaining dams, if failure should occur, could inundate portions of populated
cities, towns, and communities, as well as forest and agricultural lands,
roads, and highways. 

General information, maps of potential inundation areas, and proposed
evacuation routes for dams are included in Attachments to this Appendix. 


3.  Emergency Response Actions

Emergency response actions associated with the above situations are presented
in Appendices A-4 through K-4 to the Annexes in Part Two of this Plan. 



Attachments: 

    1 - Bradbury Dam
    2 - Alisal Creek Dam (not included)
    3 - Dos Pueblos Dam (not included)
    4 - Gibraltar Dam (not included)
    5 - Juncal Dam (not included)
    6 - Rancho Del Ciervo Dam (not included)
    7 - Twitchell Dam (not included)















                              Appendix 1-4, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                          Attachment 1, Appendix 1-4

                                  BRADBURY DAM

                              SANTA BARBARA COUNTY


l.  General Information

Bradbury Dam is an earth/rock fill dam erected in 1953, which impounds a
204,900 acre-feet capacity reservoir (Lake Cachuma).  The dam is located in
the Sierra Madre Mountain Range approximately 22 miles northwest of the City
of Santa Barbara on the west end of Cachuma Lake.  Bradbury is the last dam in
the chain of three (Juncal, Gibraltar, and Bradbury) on the Santa Ynez River. 
Dam failure would result in widespread damage throughout the Santa Ynez River
bed, through the Santa Ynez Valley, Lompoc Valley, and part of Vandenberg Air
Force Base on the way to the Pacific Ocean. 

The most populated areas affected by a sudden dam failure would be Cachuma
Village, Solvang, Buellton, Lompoc City, Lompoc Valley, and south Vandenberg
AFB.  Cachuma Valley is especially vulnerable, as almost no warning time would
be available. 

Most of the Buellton area east of U.S. Highway 101 to the base of the hills
would be inundated under the most severe conditions possible.  Approximately
two hours of warning time would be available.  Plans should include moving
this group west across U.S. 101 and north of Highway 216. 

The northern 50% of Lompoc City would be affected, although flood waters would
be only a few inches deep in some areas.  Evacuation of this area poses a
rather massive problem, inasmuch as 10,000+ persons could be involved.  High
ground lies to the south, and available warning time is approximately five
hours. 

Individual families along the river, ranches, and a number of people living in
the Lompoc Valley Area would also be affected.  Available warning times would
vary from a few minutes at the San Lucas Ranch to about 9 hours at Surf.  The
most difficult problem in this regard is timely warning.  The ranch houses are
scattered broadly along the valley.  Some thought should be given to a
telephonic warning system. 

The southern portion of Vandenberg AFB (the old Arguello area) would be
affected south of West Ocean Avenue, including the area of dense urbanization.
About eight hours of warning time would enable the personnel to move to
higher ground in the immediate south. 

Potential inundation areas for this dam are depicted in Tab A. 


2.  Evacuation Routes

Evacuation routes and other pertinent information relating to movement
operations are included in Appendix H-4 (Response to Imminent/Actual Dam
Failure), Annex H  Movement Operations. 





                              Attachment 1, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

3.  Essential Facilities

    Government Service Centers: 

    -    None


    Mass Care Facilities: 

    -    Need for activation of schools will be recommended by County Office
         of Emergency Services and, as designated and authorized, by the
         appropriate School District Superintendent. 


    Forward Emergency Operating Centers: 

    -    Buellton at intersections of Highway 254 and U.S. 101. 
    -    Lompoc City Building. 
    -    Vandenberg AFB. 
    -    FCI (Federal). 


    Multipurpose Staging Areas: 

    -    County Offices Complex in Solvang. 
    -    County Offices Complex in Lompoc. 
    -    Santa Ynez High School - Refugio and Highway 246. 
    -    Rancho Santa Ynez Trailer Park. 


    Disaster Assistance Centers: 

    -    County Offices Complex in Solvang. 
    -    County Offices Complex in Lompoc. 



Tab: 

A - Map Depicting Potential Inundation Areas



















                              Attachment 1, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                              Tab A, Attachment 1

                           POTENTIAL INUNDATION AREAS

                                  BRADBURY DAM












                      (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE JURISDICTION)




































                               Tab A, Attachment 1


Working Draft (02/03/87)

                                  E X A M P L E


                                 Appendix 1-5

                                  WAR EMERGENCY

                                       in

                               CITY OF SACRAMENTO



1.  General Situation

Foreign nations have the capability to use conventional and nuclear weapons. 
The consequences to the United States and the City of Sacramento would depend
upon the nature of the attack or the result of an attack somewhere else on the
globe.  Several conditions may prevail and require different responses

An attack using conventional weapons could result in severe damage, major loss
of life, tremendous numbers of injuries, and other unspecified and
nonquantifiable damage.  A nuclear detonation occurring in the jurisdiction
could cause casualties, extensive property damage, fires, flooding, and other
ensuing hazards.  The effects of either or both attacks could be aggravated by
the secondary effects of fire, landslides, and dam failure.  The time of day
and season of the year would also have a profound effect on the number of dead
and injured and the amount of damage sustained.  Such detonations would be
catastrophic in effect on the population and could exceed the response
capability of the state and local communities.  Damage control and disaster
relief support would be required from other local governments, private
organizations, the state, and federal government. 

Extensive search and rescue operations may be required to assist trapped or
injured persons.  Emergency medical care, food and temporary shelter would be
required by injured or displaced persons.  Identification and burial of many
dead would pose difficult problems; public health would be a major concern. 
Mass evacuation may be essential to save lives.  Many families would be
separated, particularly if the detonations should occur during working hours. 
A personal inquiry or locator system would be essential.  Emergency operations
would be seriously hampered by the loss of communications and damage to
transportation routes within the disaster area and by the disruption of public
utilities and services. 

Extensive federal assistance could be required and could continue for an
extended period.  These efforts would be required to remove debris and clear
roadways, demolish unsafe structures, assist in reestablishing public services
and utilities, and provide continuing care and welfare for the affected
population, including temporary housing for displaced persons. 










                              Appendix 1-5, page 1

Working Draft (02/03/87)

2.   Fallout

     a.  General

           In the event of a nuclear emergency, radioactive fallout will be
           present in varying degrees in many areas of the city and county. 
           The geographical extent and specific intensity of fallout will
           depend not only on the weight and distribution of the attack or
           source of radiation, but also on the design and manner of
           detonation of the weapons; the physical composition of the
           buildings or soil under the weapons' burst; along with the
           topography; wind; and weather.  During various wind and attack or
           source combinations, any area of the county could experience a
           serious fallout condition.  Since there are targets and potential
           fallout sources to the west and because the prevailing winds are
           from the west to east, one must assume considerable fallout will
           originate from that quarter in an attack or accident.

           For planning and operational purposes, the radiation situation in
           an area will be classified as described in Alpha-NEOP which is an
           attachment to this plan.

    b.  Trans-Oceanic Fallout

           Prevailing westerly winds could, in the event of a nuclear exchange
           in Asia, nuclear detonations in the Pacific area, or large nuclear
           accidents upwind of California, result in fallout or rain-out in
           California.  Radiation intensities could vary greatly, but would
           probably be limited, creating an environmental health problem
           rather than a serious fallout problem.

    c.  The Characteristics of Fallout

           Fallout from nuclear weapons is comprised of particles of various
           shapes and sizes.  The larger fallout particles would be found
           predominately in the more hazardous fallout areas, because they are
           less affected by winds and tend to fall soon after detonation. 
           These large particles deposit on areas covered by the initial
           fallout cloud which may expand more than twenty miles from the
           point of detonation for large yield weapons.  The finer particles
           of fallout would tend to be more dispersed by the wind and can
           therefore travel great distances before being deposited on the
           ground.  Although fallout deposition is often compared to volcanic
           ash, the differences between them are significant.  Whereas
           volcanic ash deposits can be many inches deep, fallout deposition
           would be more like a thin layer of grit.

           Fallout from nuclear weapon detonations emit ionizing radiation
           which could cause numerous casualties; lessen the survivors'
           abilities to work; prevent and /or delay carrying out post-attack
           operations; and deny the use of some areas and vital facilities
           unless effective countermeasures are expeditiously applied.







                              Appendix 1-5, page 2

Working Draft (02/03/87)

    d.  Special Situation

           The City and County of Sacramento are located in the south portion
           of the Sacramento Valley north east of the San Francisco Bay Area. 
           Targeting data (TR-82) indicate potential targets exist north,
           south, and west of the county.  These targets may include
           locations, which on any given day may be upwind of Sacramento, thus
           providing some degree of fallout.

           The City of Sacramento is also a target area and could be subjected
           to direct weapons effects and fallout.  If ground bursts were used,
           other parts of the county would survive, but could be subjected to
           very heavy fallout, requiring shelters with high protective factors
           to provide adequate protection for survivors.

    e.  Emergency Response Actions

           Emergency response actions associated with the above situations are
           presented in Appendices A-5 through K-5 and R-5 to the Annexes in
           Part Two of this Plan.


3.   Special Situation 

     A.  Targets

         1.   Military

In an all-out war, it is reasonable to assume  military targets like McCellan,
Mather, Travis, and Beale Air Force Bases; Sacramento Army Depot; and Mare
Island Navy Base could be targets.  In this event, everything within a radius
of 10 miles of the targets could be destroyed.  The rest of the countryside
could experience fallout if any these weapons were nuclear and the detonations
were ground bursts. 

       2.  Local Industry

While the Sacramento area is not heavily industrialized, there are industrial
targets in the area.  Aerojet-General near Rancho Cordova is a military
subcontractor.  The solid state fabricators near Roseville and in the Rancho
Cordova area could be targets.

       3.  Economic and Agriculture

The disruptive effect on industry in the area would certainly produce severe
economic losses on the communities in and around Sacramento.  Depending on the
time of year, crop losses (either due to direct weapons effects or the failure
to reach maturation and be harvested) may be extreme and may result in major
economic losses as well as lost food sources. Other areas of the nation, which
normally rely on California to supply some of their food, would be left
without that source.








                              Appendix 1-5, page 3


Working Draft (02/03/87)


    B.  Damage to Vital Public Services, Systems, and Facilities


           1.  Highways

     U.S. 99
           U.S. 99 would be closed for a major portion of the distance from
           the 80/50 Interchange to Fruitridge Road and would not be opened
           for at least 72 hours.  Up and down the major rivers, damage to the
           levees would be distinctly possible , and major stretches of US 99
           could be under water or badly damaged due to soil movements. 
           Access to the Sacramento Metropolitan Airport could be shut off and
           could be reestablished in about 16 hours via Power Line Road.


     U.S. 50
           Lake Natoma area, near Aerojet-General crossing near the
           intersection with the county line, would be closed due to collapse
           of the roadway.  Landslides could close the remainder of the route
           for at least 72 hours. 


     Interstate 5
           Route might remain open but with many major detours and delays due
           to collapsed buildings and bridges.  Most of the post-attack
           traffic would be on I-5 South.  


    Interstate 80
         Closed from interchange at 80/50 to Newcastle due to collapsed
         structures and would not be opened within 72 hours. 


    Interstate 80  Business Loop 80
         Closed and would not be opened within 96 hours.    Extensive damage
         due to collapsed bridges and overcrossings which will occur
         throughout this route. 


    State Highway 160
         Closed for 24 hours at X Street due to an overpass collapse.  A
         detour can be made around this area in 8 hours.   


    State Highway 16
         Closed at I-5; but open from Bryte to Power Line Road.  Detours can
         be made available around the affected interchanges. 


        2.  Airports

    Sacramento Metropolitan Airport (SMF)
         Closed for over 72 hours; perhaps several weeks.  Practical land
         access will not exist due to freeway and highway damage which will
         effectively isolate the airport and nearby facilities. 



                              Appendix 1-5, page 4
Working Draft (02/03/87)

    Sacramento Executive Airport
         Closed for an undetermined amount of time.  Access to and from the
         airport may be interrupted due to failure of some surface streets.


        3.  Railroads

         The Southern Pacific Railroad and the Union Pacific Railroad lines
         which run around and through the City will be damaged to an unknown
         extent.  Both carriers have yards in the city which will experience
         damage.  Also, since many of the tracks are on levees and bridges,
         damage is expected.  Time to repair and continued operation is
         dependent upon the extent of the damage and the availability of
         repair equipment.


        4.  Marine Facilities

         Marine facilities at the Port of Sacramento may be damaged and not
         totally operational.  The extent of damage and the time to return to
         operation is unknown.  Also, there may be damage to the Army Corps of
         Engineers' locks at the port facility.


        5.  Communications

         a.  Telephone Systems

         Telephone communications will be adversely affected due to
         overloading resulting from post-attack calls within the area and from
         the outside, and many instruments will be off their hooks.  This
         situation will be further complicated by physical damage to equipment
         due to blast effects and ground shaking, loss of service due to loss
         of electrical power, and subsequent failure of some auxiliary power
         sources. 

         Key system facilities are located on Watt Avenue, J and 13th Streets,
         and on Florin Road in areas projected to experience intense blast
         overpressures and/or ground shaking.  It is likely the telephone
         systems in and to the Sacramento area will have systemic failures not
         readily bypassed by alternative traffic routing.  It is also probable
         the recovery effort will be delayed because many telephone company
         employees will have difficulty getting access to damaged areas to
         accomplish repairs. 


        b.  Radio Systems

         Radio systems will generally operate at 40% effectiveness for the
         first 12 hours after the attack, increase to 50% for the second 12
         hours, then begin a slow decline to approximately 40% within 36
         hours.  The long-term implications are that individual systems will
         become gradually less useful to the overall recovery effort when
         supplanted by systems relocated from outside the disaster area.





                              Appendix 1-5, page 5
Working Draft (02/03/87)

         It is unlikely public safety radio systems would become saturated
with
         noncritical communications from mobile units.  However, it is clear
         radio traffic densities on redundant (nonemergency designated)
         channels would increase, particularly when remote base station and
         repeater failures would tend to limit the number of channels
         available.

         Nonetheless, after 12 hours, at which time the number of operable
         units will have declined (because of the exhaustion of emergency
         power fuel and because recovery efforts will have restored some
         order), the radio traffic density problem will ease. 


        c.  Commercial Broadcasters

         All radio and TV facilities are expected to be out of operation in
         Sacramento City for 24 hours due to in-house problems, and/or power
         supply problems, and/or transmission line problems.  Elsewhere in the
         Valley, 1/3 of the facilities are also expected to be out of service
         for 24 hours.  After 24 hours, 50% of the entire valley facilities
         are expected to be in operation. 


        6.  Water Supply and Waste Disposal

         a.  Supply and Filtration Facilities

         Several of the major filtration plants might sustain damage causing
         temporary interruptions in water supply.  The numerous major
         reservoirs in the area provide storage to meet demands during the
         time required for repairs.  However, damage to water transmission
         lines, local storage reservoirs, and pumping plants, as well as local
         distribution systems, will affect water availability and pressure. 
         The absence of electrical power for extended periods will, in some
         areas, preclude water deliveries where pumping is necessary, even
         though conveyance facilities may be intact.  Many areas could be
         dependent on tanker trucks to provide their basic needs. 


        b.  Sewage Facilities

         Sewage collection systems might sustain widespread damage,
         particularly in the low-lying areas nearer the rivers.  The many
         sewage treatment facilities also located on structurally poor ground
         adjacent to the rivers may be damaged and may experience electrical
         power losses, resulting in discharge of raw sewage into the rivers or
         onto the low-lying areas near the treatment facilities.


        c.  Water Pipelines

         Out of operation for more than 72 hours.







                              Appendix 1-5, page 6
Working Draft (02/03/87)

        d.  Water Treatment Plants

         Inoperable for an unknown period.  These plants are vulnerable
         because of their proximity to the surface rupture and their total
         dependence on commercial electric power.  These plants can be
         bypassed without significant impact to the water supply system. 


        7.  Electric Power

         Damage to power plants and their ancillary facilities in affected
         areas can be expected to reduce generating capacity by 50 percent. 
         The potential impact of this reduction in local output is lessened,
         however, by the availability of power from other sources outside the
         affected area and by the obvious significant reduction in consumer
         demand. Immediate concerns will focus on repairs necessary to restore
         power to areas of greatest need.  Major restoration problems include
         repairs necessary to route power through the major substations,
         restoration of damaged and collapsed transmisson line towers,
         reactivation of equipment at local substations, and replacement of
         fallen poles, burned transformers, etc. 

         It is reasonable to assume that, during some portion of the first
         72-hour period following the laydown, virtually all areas would
         experience some temporary loss of power.  All critical facilities
         will require standby generating equipment and emergency fuel
         supplies.  It is assumed that all substations in Sacramento City and
         those supplying power to the city will be heavily damaged. 


        8.  Natural Gas

         Damage to natural gas facilities will consist primarily of (a) some
         isolated breaks in the major transmission lines and (b) numerous
         breaks in mains and individual service connections within the
         distribution systems, particularly in the areas of intense ground
         shaking and/or poor ground nearer the rivers and lowlying areas. 
         These many leaks in the distribution system will affect major
         portions of the urban areas, resulting in a loss of service for
         extended periods.  Sporadically distributed fires should be expected
         at the sites of a small percentage of ruptures, both in the
         transmission lines and the distribution system.  Transmission
         pipelines serving Sacramento City and the surrounding urban areas are
         most vulnerable to damage. 


        9.  METROPOLITAN AIRPORT JET FUEL PIPELINE

         Rupture of this pipeline may occur, resulting in fires. 










                              Appendix 1-5, page 7


Working Draft (02/03/87)



   C.  Casualties

The total number of casualties projected to result from a nuclear attack and
the resulting secondary effects are as follows: 

              Deaths                         Hospitalized Injuries       
                         Other                               Other
    Schools  Hospitals  Sources  Total  Schools  Hospitals  Sources Total 













   D.  Long-Term Homeless

There could be approximately   100,000  long-term homeless persons. 


3.  Emergency Response Actions

Emergency response actions associated with the above situations are presented
in Appendices A-5a through K-5a and Appendix R-5a.  These are located in the
Annexes in Part Two of this plan. 

Attachments:

    1 - General Background Information

    2 - California Nuclear Attack Blast Areas for Civil Defense Planning
    Purposes - Index of the State

    3 - California Nuclear Attack Blast Areas for Civil Defense Planning
    Purposes - Sacramento County Area

    4 - Alpha-Neop; Checklist Guide for Nuclear Emergency Operations Planning














                              Appendix 1-5, page 8


Working Draft (02/03/87)

                             GENERAL BACKGROUND DATA

    TECHNICAL DATA

    International Crisis

    When nations of differing political goals fail to settle disputes through
    diplomatic negotiations, war or a nuclear exchange may result.  It is
    possible a nuclear attack would be preceded by several days or possibly
    weeks of tense international crisis, rather than by surprise.  When
    diplomatic relations deteriorate beyond resolve and the threat of nuclear
    war is realized, protective actions must be taken.  Preparation prior to
    an atack will reduce casualties.



    Accidental Launch and/or Detonation

    A remote possibility exists for a nation to accidentally launch a nuclear
    warhead targeted for or near California.  Should this occur, the affected
    area would be limited and the remaining resources of the state could be
    applied and evacuation would be feasible soon after detonation.


    Limited Attack

    o    Counterforce Areas

         An attack directed at military installations capable of retaliatory
         strikes would cause massive problems for adjacent areas.  Since it is
         possible a period of intense crisis could precede such an attack, it
         would be feasible to initiate an extensive shelter preparation
         program.  This would include the use of other radiological
         countermeasures in both risk and non-risk areas.

    o    Other Military Targets

         The attack postulated above may be expanded to include additional
         military targets; e.g., communications and control facilities, supply
         depots, etc.  While more threatening than the limited attack, effects
         on the general population would be mainly confined to fallout.

    All-Out Attack

    This is a full-scale conflict involving both military and civilian
    targets.













                              Attachment 1, page 1

Working Draft (02/03/87)

    Consequences

    Any area of the state could experience the effects of fallout.  The extent
    and intensity of fallout will depend on the number of weapons used; their
    distribution, yield, and altitude of detonation; the composition of
    buildings or surface under the burst; surrounding topography; and the
    weather.  Fallout emits ionizing radiation which could cause numerous
    casualties, reduce the vigor of exposed persons, prevent and/or delay
    post-attack emergency operations, and deny use of some areas and vital
    facilities.  Reduction of these consequences will depend on goverment's
    capability to detect, measure, and report levels of fallout radiation, and
    their capability to receive, evaluate, and disseminate this information to
    those in jeopardy.



4.  California Readiness Conditions

The California Emergency Plan establishes four Readiness Conditions, numbered
inversely from Condition Four through Condition One, which will be used in
planning for or responding to nuclear defense emergencies. These readiness
conditions provide the basis for an orderly transition from normal peacetime
activities to wartime readiness at each level of the Statewide Emergency
Management Organization.

The California readiness conditions correspond to the Federal Increased
Readiness Categories A through D published by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency in Civil Defense Guide CPG l-7, April l979, which also includes
guidelines on increased readiness actions.

Orders to make the transition from one readiness condition to another will be
disseminated by the Governor, or his designated representative, using the
appropriate State of California's communications systems and followed by an
official release to the news media. Simultaneous with the announcement of
either Condition Two or Condition One, the Governor may proclaim a State of
War Emergency to permit full mobilization of Emergency Management
Organizations and complete transition to wartime emergency status. A State of
War Emergency will exist automatically on receipt of attack warning or an
actual attack.

    o    Readiness Condition Four - (Federal Guide Category A)

         This readiness condition is in effect during a normal peacetime
         situation. Preparedness programs are primarily concerned with:  1)
         Developing and maintaining operational readiness to cope with natural
         disasters and other peacetime emergencies, and  2) Maintaining
         standby plans for responding to nuclear defense emergencies. State
         and local governments operate in a normal manner, giving priority to
         their peacetime statutory responsibilities and obligations.










                              Attachment 1, page 2
Working Draft (02/03/87)


    o    Readiness Condition Three - (Federal Guide Category B)

         This readiness condition will be announced by the Governor or
         representative when it would be prudent for state and local
         governments to make internal preparations for in-place sheltering in
         response to a worsening international situation.

    o    Readiness Condition Two - (Federal Guide Category C)

         This readiness condition may be ordered during an international
         crisis, which may result in risk of a general war. The condition will
         be announced by the Governor or representative when the emergency
         management organizations of the state and local governments,
         including organized volunteers, auxiliaries, and the public, should
         take additional specific precautionary measures in preparation for a
         war emergency.

    o    Readiness Condition One - (Federal Guide Category D)

         This readiness condition will be announced if it is necessary to
         assume a complete state of war readiness based on official notice
         from the Federal Government that enemy attack is considered imminent
         and could occur with little or no warning.

A capacity to detect, measure and report levels of fallout radiation, along
with the capability to receive and evaluate this information is necessary to
provide intelligence to all concerned as the basis for making decisions
affecting:

    o    Determination of shelter occupancy periods;

    o    The necessity for fire suppression around "in use" shelters
         (regardless of radiation levels);

    o    A requisition method to provide neccessary water, food and other
         supplies for shelterees and other displaced persons;

    o    Implementation of rescue, first aid, medical and welfare operations; 

    o    Use of fire fighting, law enforcement and other public service
         operations;

    o    Relocation of people from areas of high radiation intensity to safer
         areas;

    o    Restoration and/or continuance of vital facilities; particularly
         utilities.

    o    Decontamination, recovery and rehabilitation operations; and

    o    Control of radiation exposures of workers assigned to accomplish the
         above tasks in fallout area.






                              Attachment 1, page 3
Working Draft (02/03/87)


All of the above assume the detonation is a surface burst and will cause a
fallout situation.  However, if it is an air burst no fallout will be
generated and sheltering survivors from fallout radiation will not be
necessary.

   Assumptions

    o    International tension will result in a declaration of increased
         Readiness Condition 3 and/or Readiness Condition 2.

    o    A radiological protection system is necessary to ensure success and
         credibility to population protection planning.

    o    The state aerial monitoring system will be developed to provide the
         radiological intelligence necessary for remedial movement and
         recovery operations.

    o    Radiological officers, monitors and support personnel will be
         required in risk areas, along movement routes and in low risk areas
         to ensure availability of support during all operational phases.

    o    The integrity of the radiological support systems will be weakened
         during the movement operations phase but can be strengthened and
         restored after movement is completed.

    o    The majority of the general population will depend upon state and
         local government to advise them and provide information relative to
         the radiological situation.

    o    People and training material needed to conduct monitor courses will
         be available or can be provided in low risk areas.

    o    Some people in the general population have had radiological training
         but currently have no emergency assignment and can be retrained and
         assigned to the radiological protection system.

    o    Because of Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) and organizational movement,
         communications systems cannot be depended upon after a nuclear attack
         to provide EOCs with radiological data. 

    o    There will be a shortage of operable radiological instruments and
         radiologically-trained personnel.

    o    The state radiological protection system will be required to
         effectively manage recovery phase operations.














                              Attachment 1, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                   Part Two

                                    ANNEXES



This part of the Emergency Plan includes the following functional Annexes
which describe the emergency response organization.  Each Annex is supported
by Appendices that provide Emergency Action Checklists for hazard-specific
responses. 


                                                              Page Number

    A   Managing Emergency Operations                              A-i

    B   Fire and Rescue Operations                                 B-i

    C   Law Enforcement and Traffic Control Operations             C-i

    D   Medical Operations                                         D-i

    E   Public Health Operations                                   E-i

    F   Coroner Operations                                         F-i

    G   Care and Shelter Operations                                G-i

    H   Movement Operations                                        H-i

    I   Rescue Operations                                          I-i

    J   Construction and Engineering 0perations                    J-i

    K   Resources and Support Operations                           K-i

    R   Radiological Protection                                    R-i




















                                       2-i


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                    Annex A

                          MANAGING EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

                                    CONTENTS



A.1 INTRODUCTION                                                    A-1

A.2 OBJECTIVES                                                      A-1

A.3 CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS                                           A-2

    A.3.1  Peacetime Emergencies                                     A-2

           Decentralized Coordination and Direction                  A-2
           Centralized Coordination - Decentralized Direction        A-2
           Centralized Coordination and Direction                    A-3

    A.3.2  War Emergencies                                           A-3

    A.3.3  General                                                   A-3

           A.3.3.1    Pre-Emergency Period                           A-3
           A.3.3.2    Emergency Period                               A-3
           A.3.3.3    Post-Emergency Period (Recovery)               A-5

A.4 STATEWIDE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM                            A-5

    A.4.l  Local Emergency Management                                A-5

           A.4.1.1    Incident Level Management                      A-5
           A.4.1.2    Jurisdiction Level Management                  A-5

    A.4.2  0perational Area Emergency Management                     A-8
    A.4.3  Mutual Aid Region Emergency Management                    A-8
    A.4.4  State Emergency Management                                A-8

A.5 POLICIES AND PROCEDURES                                          A-9

    A.5.1  Operational Priorities                                    A-9
    A.5.2  Special Functions                                         A-9


ENCLOSURES

    A-1  Incident Emergency Management System
    A-2  Local Emergency Management 0rganization Chart
    A-3  Emergency Communications

    Attachment: 

     A-3-A Local Radio Systems




                                       A-i


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)
                                                                       Page
No.
    A-4  Alerting and Warning                                                

         Attachments: 

              A-4-A Local Attack Warning System                              
              A-4-B  Local Alerting and Notification System                  
              A-4-C  Local Peacetime Emergency Warning System                

    A-5  Situation Analysis and Reporting                                    

         Attachment: 

              A-5-A Situation Report Form                                    

    A-6  Emergency Public Information                                        

         Attachments: 

              A-6-A Public Information Officer Checklist                     
              A-6-B Emergency Public Information Priorities                  
              A-6-C Jurisdiction Emergency Public Information
                   0rganization  165                                         
              A-6-D Media Access Regulations                                 
              A-6-E Emergency Public Information Contacts                    
              A-6-F Emergency Broadcast System Procedures                    



APPENDIX A    Managing Emergency Operations                                  

              A-1  Response to a Major Earthquake
              A-2  Response to Hazardous Material Incident
              A-3  Response to Imminent/Actual Flooding
              A-4  Response to Imminent/Actual Dam Failure
              A-5  Response to War Emergencies




















                                      A-ii


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                     Annex A

                          MANAGING EMERGENCY OPERATIONS



A.1 Introduction

This annex establishes policies and procedures and assigns responsibilities to
ensure the effective management of emergency operations during peacetime and
war emergency situations.  It provides information on the dissemination of
emergency public information, emergency communications, alerting and warning
procedures, and damage assessment and reporting.  The annex describes the
organizational and operational concepts for managing emergency operations. 

To ensure that emergency operations are conducted in a timely, effective, and
efficient manner, this annex is supported by a series of hazard-specific
responses to different types of emergencies. 


A.2 Objectives

The overall objective in managing emergency operations is to ensure the
effective management of emergency forces involved in preparing for and
responding to situations associated with natural disasters, technological
incidents, or war emergencies.  Specifically, this will include: 

      o  Overall management and coordination of emergency operations to
         include, as required, on-scene incident management. 

      o  Coordinating or maintaining liaison with appropriate federal, state,
         and other local governmental agencies and applicable segments of the
         private sector. 

      o  Requesting and allocating resources and other support. 

      o  Establishing priorities, and resolving any conflicting demands for
         support. 

      o  Coordinating interjurisdictional mutual aid. 

      o  Activating and using communications systems. 

      o  Preparing and disseminating emergency public information.

      o  Disseminating warnings. 

      o  Managing the movement and reception and care of persons in the event
         an evacuation is ordered. 

      o  Collecting, evaluating, and disseminating damage information and
         other essential data. 







                                       A-1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

A.3 Concept of Operations

A.3.l    Peacetime Emergencies

Local emergency operations will be managed in one of three modes, depending on
the magnitude of the emergency. As an aside, included herein are nuclear
terrorist threats and nuclear weapons accidents.

    Decentralized Coordination and Direction

    This management mode is similar to day-to-day operations and would be used
    for those emergency situations for Level I response in which normal
    management procedures and local resources are adequate.  Local public
    safety and emergency function coordinators provide necessary support, as
    established by appropriate agreements and ordinances.  The local Emergency
    Operating Center (EOC) is not activated, and interagency coordination
    (e.g., fire, law) is accomplished via established telephone and radio
    communications systems and procedures at the incident and agency dispatch
    facilities. 

    As desired and established, incident management systems can be used for
    on-scene management activities.  These systems usually report through
    established twenty-four hour dispatch facilities. 

    Centralized Coordination - Decentralized Direction

    This mode of operation is used for Level II response to emergencies which
    involve several departments or agencies from within the same jurisdiction,
    and/or agencies from more than one jurisdiction which require close
    coordination.  In these situations, key management level personnel from
    the principal involved agencies will collocate in a central location to
    provide jurisdictional or multijurisdictional coordination for the
    emergency.  Their activities can include, but are not necessarily limited
    to: 

      o  Establishing an areawide situation assessment function.

      o  Establishing an areawide public information function. 

      o  Determining resource requirements for the affected area and
         coordinating resource requests. 

      o  Establishing and coordinating the logistical systems necessary to
         support multi-incident management. 

      o  Establishing priorities for resource allocation. 

    Note that these functions are supplementary to those which may be
    performed by a single agency or within a single jurisdiction. 

    In this mode, a Coordination Group should meet at the jurisdictional EOC
    or, if the EOC is not activated, meet at a 24 hour dispatch facility
    located in or immediately adjacent to the affected area. 


                                       A-2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

    Incident Command Systems established by local jurisdictions would continue
    to report through established twenty-four hour dispatch facilities of the
    local governments.  Information would be provided to the EOC (or other
    Coordination Center) by agency dispatch facilities and/or by liaison
    personnel.

    Centralized Coordination and Direction

    This mode of operation would be utilized following a Level III (major)
    disaster which would render it impossible for the jurisdiction to
    effectively function in either of the other modes.  In this situation, the
    local EOC would be activated and all coordination and direction activities
    (including public safety dispatch) would be accomplished from the EOC. 
    Incident Emergency Management Systems (to the extent practicable) would
    report to and receive direction from the local EOC.  The following page
    depicts the statewide emergency management structure in response to a
    major disaster. 

A.3.2    War Emergencies

Operations during war emergencies include essential actions relating to
increased readiness and attack with or without warning. The Statewide
Emergency Management System will be fully activated and centralized
coordination and direction of emergency operations will be established.  The
Operational Area EOC and City EOCs will be activated and staffed by the
designated Emergency Management Staff members.


A.3.3    General

Emergency management will generally be conducted during three periods as
described below.  Detailed emergency actions for responding to peacetime and
nuclear defense emergencies are provided in Appendix A, Hazard-Specific
Responses. 


A.3.3.1  Pre-Emergency Period

The Emergency Management Organization will maintain emergency communications
systems, warning systems, and the EOC in operable condition.  Plans, proce-
dures, and resource data will be kept up-to-date. 

If an emergency situation is likely, the Emergency Management Organization
will take necessary actions to increase readiness. 

A.3.3.2  Emergency Period

If a threatening situation develops, the Local Emergency Services Director
will be notified immediately.  The elements of the Emergency Management
Organization will be activated as required at the direction of the Local
Emergency Services Director.  Incident management will be established to
direct field units.  0perations will be coordinated in a centralized or
decentralized mode depending on the magnitude of the emergency situation.  If
the situation warrants, a LOCAL EMERGENCY may be declared. 





                                       A-3
DRAFT

        STATEWIDE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT FOR MAJOR DISASTERS (LEVEL III)














                                     (CHART)











































                                       A-4


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

If an emergency occurs without warning, the initial response will be managed
in a decentralized mode by on-duty personnel.  Centralized management, if
required, will be established as rapidly as conditions permit.  Assistance
will be requested through mutual aid channels as needed.  Actions will be
directed to save lives and protect property.  A LOCAL EMERGENCY may be
declared.  The State Office of Emergency Services (OES) will be advised of the
situation and, if deemed essential, will be requested to recommend that the
Governor proclaim a STATE OF EMERGENCY in the affected area. 

A.3.3.3   Post-Emergency Period (Recovery)

As soon as practical following a major emergency, normal management of local
government operations will be restored.  Disaster assistance will be
coordinated through "one-stop" Disaster Assistance Centers (DACs).  If major
damage has occurred, a local government recovery group will be formed to
coordinate planning and decision making for recovery and reconstruction
efforts. 

A.4 Statewide Emergency Management System

Fully activated, the Statewide Emergency Management System consists of all
local jurisdictions (cities and county unincorporated areas), Operational
Areas (countywide), OES Mutual Aid Regions (two or more counties) and State
Government.  Local jurisdictions will be responsible for directing and/or
coordinating emergency operations within their respective jurisdictional
areas, with the other levels being responsible for coordinating and/or
providing support as required by the local jurisdictions.  The organization
and responsibilities of each of the levels are outlined below.  Emphasis has
been placed on the Local Emergency Management Staff.  Staffs at the other
levels will have counterparts to the Local Emergency Management Staff. 

A.4.1    Local Emergency Management

A.4.1.1  Incident Level Management

Incident level emergency management will be implemented as required for the
on-scene management of field operations.  The local Incident Emergency
Management System is described in Enclosure A-1, Incident Emergency Management
System. 

A.4.1.2  Jurisdiction Level Management

The Local Emergency Management Staff will be directed by the Emergency
Services Director, who will be responsive to the Local Disaster Council
(organized pursuant to Section 8610 of the Government Code).  The Director
will be supported by the Emergency Services Coordinator and functional
0perations Coordinators with responsibilities as indicated below.  Additional
support will be provided by special staff members for Communications, Damage
Assessment, Emergency Public Information, Radiological Protection, Situation
Analysis, and Warning.  During a war emergency, an Emergency Resources
Management Group will be organized as specified in the California Emergency
Resources Management Plan (published and issued separately).  (See Enclosure
A-2, Local Emergency Management 0rganization Chart.)  A listing of the
designees for staff positions is provided in Part Three, 0perational Data. 





                                       A-5


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

The Local Emergency Management Staff will have overall responsibility for:

      o  Organizing, staffing, and operating the E0C. 

      o  Operating communications and warning systems. 

      o  Providing information and guidance to the public. 

      o  Maintaining information on the status of resources, services, and
         operations. 

      o  Directing overall operations. 

      o  Obtaining support for the jurisdiction, and providing support to
         other jurisdictions as required. 

      o  Analyzing contamination and other hazards and recommending
         appropriate countermeasures. 

      o  Collecting, evaluating, and disseminating damage assessment and other
         essential information. 

      o  Providing status and other reports to the Operational Area Emergency
         Management Staff (if activated) or the OES Mutual Aid Region Office. 

The general responsibilities of key members of the Local Emergency Management
Staff are listed below.  Specific responsibilities are provided in the
functional Annexes to this plan (denoted in parenthesis following the title of
the staff member): 


    Emergency Services Director

    Exercises overall management and coordination of the jurisdiction's
    response to emergency situations. 


    Emergency Services Coordinator

    Assists the Emergency Services Director in managing and coordinating
    emergency response efforts. 

    Operations Coordinators

         Fire and Rescue (Annex 8)

         Coordinates the activities of personnel engaged in fire and rescue
         and other emergency operations; maintains communications with field
         commands; evaluates status reports; makes decisions regarding the
         commitment of resources; and determines the need for additional
         assistance. 








                                       A-6


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

         Law Enforcement and Traffic Control (Annex C)

         Coordinates the activities of law enforcement and traffic control
         personnel in and around disaster areas; maintains communications with
         field commands; evaluates status reports; makes decisions regarding
         the commitment of resources; and determines the need for additional
         assistance. 

         Disaster Medical (Annex D)

         Coordinates the procurement and allocation of critical public and
         private medical and other resources; the activation and operations of
         Casualty Collection Points; the transportation of casualties and
         medical resources; and the relocation of patients from damaged or
         untenable health care facilities. 

         Public Health (Annex E)

         Coordinates public health measures and supports such measures
         accordingly; supports efforts in communicable disease prevention and
         control; and coordinates activities to mitigate the effects of
         radiological and toxic chemical spills and/or emissions. 


         Coroner (Annex F)

         Coordinates operations associated with collection, identification,
         and disposition of dead persons. 


         Care and Shelter (Annex G)

         Coordinates the procurement and allocation of resources required to
         support mass care operations, to include the activation of appro-
         priate lodging and feeding facilities; coordinates the activation and
         staffing of fallout shelters. 

         Movement (Annex H)

         Coordinates the movement of persons from hazardous or threatened
         areas to lower risk reception areas. 


         Rescue (Annex I)

         Coordinates operations associated with the location, provision of
         immediate care, and safe removal of endangered, trapped, injured
         and/or isolated persons. 











                                       A-7


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

        Construction/Engineering (Annex J)

         Coordinates the allocation of engineering resources (construction
         equipment, materials, etc.) required for emergency debris clearance,
         route recovery, fallout shelter construction, and other engineering
         operations. 

        Resources and Support (Annex K)

         The Resources and Support Coordinator will be assisted by the
         following Support Officers with general responsibilities as
         indicated: 

             Supply/Procurement

              Coordinates the allocation of essential supplies, including
              food, fuel, and health supplies. 

             Personnel

              Coordinates the allocation of personnel. 


             Transportation

              Coordinates the allocation of transportation resources required
              to move people, equipment, and essential supplies. 

             Utilities

              Coordinates the continued operation of water, gas, and electric
              utilities and, as required, any redirection of services. 

        Radiological Protection (Annex R)

         Performs monitoring, decontamination, and radiological hazard
         assessment. For weapons incidents, coordinates activities with state
         and federal response teams.

If there is a possibility that all, or part, of the Statewide Emergency
Management System will be activated, and if the situation so dictates, the
local E0C identified in Part Three, Operational Data, will be activated and
staffed by all or part of the designated Emergency Management Staff. 


A.4.2    Operational Area Emergency Management

If the Operational Area level is activated during an emergency, a county
official, designated by County Ordinance, will function as the Operational
Area Coordinator and will have the overall responsibility for coordinating
countywide emergency operations and the support requirements of jurisdictions
within the county.  The Operational Area will also be the focal point for
information transfer and support requests by cities within the county.  The
Area Coordinator and supporting staff will constitute the Operational Area
Emergency Management Staff.  The Area Staff will submit all requests for
support that cannot be obtained within the county, and other relevant
information, to the appropriate OES Mutual Aid Region Emergency Management
Staff (if activated). 

                                       A-8

WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

A.4.3    Mutual Aid Region Emergency Management

The 0ES Mutual Aid Region Emergency Management Staff is headed by a State OES
Regional Manager and will be supported by designated state agency repre-
sentatives.  The Regional Emergency Management Staff (if activated), will
coordinate and support local emergency operations at the request of
Operational Area Coordinators.  The Regional Staff will submit all requests
for support that cannot be obtained within the Region, and other relevant
information, to the State Emergency Management Staff. 


A.4.4    State Emergency Management

The State Emergency Management Staff is headed by the Director, OES (acting as
a representative of the Governor), or his designated representative, and
assisted by Coordinators provided by state agencies.  When activated, the
State Staff will be responsible for coordinating statewide emergency opera-
tions, to include the provision of mutual aid and other support and the
redirection of essential supplies and other resources to meet local
requirements. 

A.5 Policies and Procedures

A.5.l    Operational Priorities

Special consideration will be given to establishing operational priorities in
conducting emergency operations.  The following activities will be accorded
such priority.  There is no significance in the order of listing.  All are
important; a given situation will dictate the order of priority: 

      o  Meeting the immediate needs of people (rescue, medical care, food,
         shelter, clothing). 

      o  Temporary restoration of facilities, whether publicly or privately
         owned, essential to the health, safety and welfare of individuals
         (sanitation, water, electricity, road, street and highway repairs). 

      o  Meeting the rehabilitation needs of people (temporary housing, food
         stamps, employment, etc.). 


A.5.2    Special Functions

The following special functions will be governed by the policies and
procedures reflected in Enclosures 3 through 7 to this Annex as indicated: 

    A-3  Emergency Communications
    A-4  Alerting and Warning
    A-5  Situation Analysis and Reporting
    A-6  Emergency Public Information
    A-7  Radiological Protection



                                       A-9


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                 Enclosure A-1

                      INCIDENT EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

This enclosure is to be completed by local officials to describe the locally
adopted Incident Emergency Management System.  The following summary of the
Incident Command System (ICS) is provided as an example of an effective
Incident Emergency Management System. 

An ICS can be used to provide a management structure and system for conducting
on-site multidisciplinary operations (for example, those incidents which
involve concurrent tactical field interactions between fire, law enforcement,
and medical personnel). 

The ICS, because of its standardized organizational structure and common
organizational and operational terminology, provides a useful and flexible
management system that is particularly adaptable to incidents involving
multijurisdictional response.  The ICS provides the flexibility to rapidly
activate and establish an organizational form around the functions that need
to be performed. 

The ICS basic organizational structure will consist of five principal
Sections, which normally would be activated for a major incident.  The
Sections are: 

   Incident Command

    Includes the Incident Commander, who has overall management responsibility
    for the incident.  ACommand Staffelement is provided for handling such
    matters as Public Information, Safety and interagency liaison. 
    Multijurisdiction incidents will involve aUnified Commandelement, which
    will bring together jurisdictional Incident Commanders to develop a common
    and consistent action plan to make the best use of all available
    resources. 

   Operations Section

    This Section is headed by an Operations Section Chief, who is responsible
    for the management of all incident tactical activities.  On multidis-
    ciplinary incidents, the Operations Section Chief may have deputies.  The
    Operations Section can be subdivided into Branches, e.g., Law Branch, Fire
    Branch, and Medical Branch, etc.  Branches may be further divided into
    divisions and smaller units.  Staging areas for resources are also under
    the management of this Section. 

   Planning Section

    This Section is headed by the Planning Section Chief and is structured
    into several units, depending upon the needs of the incident.  Situation
    Assessment and Resources Status are examples of the kinds of units which
    may be formed within this Section.  The Planning Section collects and
    analyzes all data regarding incident operations, develops alternatives for
    tactical action plans, conducts planning meetings and prepares the
    incident action plan for incidents which will require extended operations.
    




                              Enclosure A-1, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

   Logistics Section

    This Section is headed by the Logistics Section Chief, and is responsible
    for meeting the logistical needs of the Operations Section.  This can
    include procuring equipment and supplies, providing food and medical
    support to incident assigned personnel, and meeting the transportation
    requirements of the incident.  The Logistics Section can be divided into
    Branches and Units as the situation requires. 

   Finance Section

    This Section will be activated at an incident when required for purposes
    of maintaining records on personnel and equipment time, for providing
    payments to vendors for supplies and equipment usage, and for determining
    the cost considerations or various alternative strategies associated with
    incident planning. 





































                              Enclosure A-1, page 2


                                 Enclosure A-2

                  LOCAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION CHART
























                        (T0 BE C0MPLETED BY JURISDICTION)


























                                  Enclosure A-2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                 Enclosure A-3

                            EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS


1.  General

Essential to all emergency organizations is an effective communications
capability to support emergency operations.  The magnitude of a particular
emergency situation will determine the degree to which communications systems
are utilized. 

While a generally adequate communications capability exists between the
various State Office of Emergency Services (OES) facilities, the
communications systems presently available between OES and local facilities
are inadequate.  Several systems have access to agencies of local
jurisdictions, but few of them terminate in facilities, such as Emergency
Operating Centers (EOC), from which centralized emergency operations for large
scale disasters could be directed by local governments. 


2.  Situation

2.a Peacetime Emergencies

Telecommunications systems are composed of many subsystems, each
interconnected and interdependent.  A radio network, for example, may use a
combination of telephone lines, microwave circuits, satellite interfaces,
underground and overhead cables, and secondary radio paths.  The failure of
any one link in this electronic "chain" can effectively disable a large
portion of the system. 

Communications systems may be overloaded or even rendered inoperable in an
emergency.  Telephone communications may be overloaded by calls within or into
affected areas.  The situation may be further complicated by physical damage
to equipment, loss of electrical power and subsequent failure of some
auxiliary sources.  Loss of emergency power has been the primary cause of
communications failure in past disasters.  Poor installation practices and
inadequate preventative maintenance of backup power equipment contribute to a
high failure rate.  Scarcity of diesel and gasoline, which are primary fuels
for backup generators, may limit the viability of surviving communications
sites. 


2.b War Emergencies

During the early phases of war emergencies (i.e., increased readiness), it can
be assumed that the existing communications systems used daily by most
agencies, particularly public safety agencies, will be used for
intrajurisdictional communications.  Also, such agencies will be expected to
operate, at least initially, from their day-to-day offices and headquarters.


                              Enclosure A-3, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

If the international situation worsens and attack becomes more likely,
agencies would be expected to operate and communicate from a protected EOC. 
Where interjurisdictional communications are required, particularly between
0perational Areas, it is expected that systems common to most agencies will be
utilized where applicable and available. 

In the event of a nuclear attack, the destructive effects of blast, heat, and
electromagnetic pulse (EMP)* may cause numerous electronic components or
systems to fail.  All communications personnel should be familiar with
countermeasures which can be taken to protect and/or minimize damage to
communications equipment. 

3.  Facilities and Systems

Following is a listing of federal, state and local communications systems
available for:  direction and/or coordination of emergency operations;
alerting and warning governmental forces and the general public during
peacetime and nuclear defense emergencies; and providing advice and
instructions to the general public. 


3.a Emergency Broadcast System (EBS)

EBS is a network of public broadcast stations and interconnecting facilities
which have been authorized by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to
operate in a controlled manner during a war, state of public peril or
disaster, or other national emergency.  The system is devised to provide the
President and federal government with a means of emergency communications with
the general public.  It may be used on a voluntary basis during day-to-day
situations posing a threat to safety of life and property.  Priority for use
is: 

    o    Presidential messages
    o    Local area programming
    o    State programming
    o    National programming and news. 


                      
*   A large amount of energy is released by the detonation of a high altitude
    nuclear weapon.  A small proportion of this energy appears in the form of
    a high intensity, short duration, electromagnetic pulse (EMP).  EMP can
    cause damage or malfunction in unprotected electrical or electronic
    systems.  EMP damage can occur instantaneously over very large areas.  All
    communications equipment is susceptible to damage or destruction by EMP,
    including broadcast stations, radios, televisions, car radios, and
    battery-operated portable transistor radios. 



                              Enclosure A-3, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

3.b State Radio Systems

    California Law Enforcement Radio System

    Serves all OES facilities and interconnects law enforcement agencies of
    all counties and numerous cities.  This system is microwave-intertied to
    provide statewide coverage.  This system is the State's radio backup to
    the National Warning System, discussed below. 

    California Emergency Services Radio System

    A Local Government (LG) System which serves all 0ES facilities, a number
    of state agencies, and county-level civil defense agencies participating
    in the system.  It is microwave-interconnected for statewide coverage. 


    OES Fire Network

    Serves all OES facilities and fire support equipment.  Radio equipment on
    this network is located with fire service agencies in 52 counties.  The
    network employs mountain-top mobile relays and interconnects to the State
    Microwave System to provide statewide coverage. 


3.c Local Radio System

Details on local radio capabilities are provided in Attachment A-3-A, Local
Radio Systems.


3.d Telephone

    (1)  Common carrier telephone service is available to support all
         emergency systems. 

    (2)  The National Warning System (NAWAS) is a nationwide attack warning
         dedicated landline system which provides two-way voice communica-
         tions between Federal, State, and Local Warning Points.  Details on
         the system are provided in Enclosure A-4, Alerting and Warning.


3.e Teletype

The California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (CLETS) has 900
terminals in California and serves all cities and counties. 


4.  Communications Support

The following are sources of communications support to local emergency
operations, with support being dependent upon the type and magnitude of the
emergency. 







                              Enclosure A-3, page 3


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

4.a California Office of Emergency Services

OES has two mobile command complexes, each consisting of a communications van,
an operations van, a command van, and a generator to provide power.  One
complex is stored at Los Alamitos and the other at the OES Headquarters in
Sacramento.  Their primary purpose is to provide initial communications from
the disaster area to OES Headquarters and act as a collection point for damage
assessment information until more sophisticated communications are established
and/or restored.  These complexes are equipped for operation on each of the
major state radio communications systems, the satellite systems, various
mutual aid radio systems and RACES.  Radio operators must be provided by the
responsible agency. 


4.b California National Guard (CNG)

The CNG has an assortment of communications capability, with limited day-to-
day in-place systems.  Most communications serve their own operating forces. 
It has some reserve capability. 

4.c Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)

RACES operates on radio amateur frequencies by authority of the FCC in support
of emergency communications.  RACES can augment existing systems, substitute
for damaged or inoperable systems, and establish communications links with
otherwise inaccessible areas. 


4.d Citizens Band Radio

Citizens Band Radio operators can participate in civil defense activities on a
voluntary basis under the direction of civil defense authorities. 


5.  Policies and Procedures

5.a  Since there are few uncommitted communication resources, existing
day-to-day systems should be considered as all that will be available in an
emergency.  Emergency reserve equipment is for increased operating
requirements of the owner and cannot be readily diverted to other agencies.
Generally, even if made available, this would be impractical for technical
reasons such as frequency or antenna mismatch. 

5.b  During a STATE OF WAR EMERGENCY, privately owned radio systems,
equipment,
and facilities, subject to approval by the licensee, will generally be
used to support the emergency activities of field forces not already
linked to EOCs. 

5.c  Communications systems installed at or controlled from E0Cs will normally
be used to support the field activities of the various emergency services
which make up emergency organizations.  Other available communications systems
will be used to provide links to nearby jurisdictions or to higher levels of
the Statewide Emergency Organization.  Communications systems in EOCs will
include radio systems licensed to jurisdictions.  Such radio systems are
augmented in an emergency by radio systems licensed to other agencies of
government, to private industry, and to individuals. 



                              Enclosure A-3, page 4
WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

5.d  Operators of communications equipment will be provided by those agencies
regularly using licensed systems.  Communications Officers will provide
operators for communications equipment which augments regular capabilities,
and will also provide personnel to service and maintain communication
equipment and facilities. 

5.e  The EBS will be used, to the maximum extent possible, for the
dissemination of emergency information, advice, and action instructions to the
general public. 

5.f  RACES will be assigned to back up any of several services in case regular
communications paths become inoperative.  Special consideration will be given
to using RACES to support disaster medical care and emergency public
information operations. 


Attachment: 

    A-3-A Local Radio Systems








































                              Enclosure A-3, page 5


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                        Attachment A-3-A, Enclosure A-3

                               LOCAL RADIO SYSTEMS




















                        (TO BE C0MPLETED BY JURISDICTION)



































                                Attachment A-3-A



WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                 Enclosure A-4

                              ALERTING AND WARNING


1.  General

Warning is the process of alerting governmental forces and warning the general
public to the threat of imminent extraordinary danger.  Dependent upon the
nature of the threat and the population group at risk, warning can originate
at any level of government. 

Success in saving lives and property is dependent upon timely dissemination of
warning and emergency information to persons in threatened areas.  The
National Warning System (NAWAS) is a nationwide attack warning system
developed to accomplish this task in a war emergency.  For major peacetime
emergencies, portions of the NAWAS system can be used, augmented by state and
local systems as appropriate. 


2.  Attack Warning System

2.a National Warning System (NAWAS)

NAWAS is a dedicated wire-line system which provides two-way voice communi-
cations between Federal Warning Centers, states' Warning Points, and local
Warning Points.  The system in California consists of four elements: 

    (1)  NAWAS, Federal-California link. 
    (2)  NAWAS, State-County Warning Points circuits. 
    (3)  County-City warning systems. 
    (4)  Local community attack warning devices, such as sirens, horns, or
         whistles. 

2.b NAWAS, Federal

The system may be activated nationally from two protected federal facilities: 

    (1)  National Warning Center (North American Air Defense Command, Colorado
         Springs, Colorado). 

    (2)  Alternate National Warning Center (Olney, Maryland). 

2.c NAWAS, State of California

California ties into the national system with a primary drop-out (State
Warning Point) at the State Office of Emergency Services (OES) Headquarters in
Sacramento.  Circuits then extend to 45 County Warning Points (see the figure
on the following page for the California Portion, National Warning System). 
The California Highway Patrol Headquarters in Sacramento serves as the
Alternate State Warning Point. 








                              Enclosure A-4, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

              CALIFORNIA PORTION, NATIONAL WARNING SYSTEM (NAWAS)

                                     (Chart)
























































                              Enclosure A-4, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

Both federal and state circuits are monitored 24 hours a day at the OES
Warning Center, the Alternate State Warning Point, and each of the local
Warning Points.  The 13 counties not on this system will receive warning via
other means (normally over the California Law Enforcement Telecommunications
System (CLETS). 

2.d County-City Warning Systems

In order to disseminate warning from the County Warning Points to cities,
local communications channels are normally used.  Although the State Warning
Point will relay warnings over the CLETS, it is usually more expeditious for
cities to arrange with the county Warning Points on NAWAS for further relay of
the information within the county.  This is normally via local Public Safety
communication channels or, in some instances, telephone.  (See Attachment
A-4-A, Local Attack Warning System.)

2.e Warning Devices

Local government is responsible for warning the populace of the jurisdiction. 
This is normally accomplished through the use of warning devices, such as
sirens, whistles, or horns, either strategically located within the community
or mounted on official vehicles.  The warning devices are normally activated
from a point staffed 24 hours a day. 

2.f Dissemination of Attack Warnings

The Federal Warning Centers disseminate warning information to State Warning
Points over NAWAS.  State Warning Points disseminate the information they
receive over NAWAS to the local Warning Points.  In addition, state agency
radio systems, teletype, and telephone circuits are used to ensure maximum
dissemination.  Each local Warning Point further disseminates the warning over
local Public Safety communications channels. 

2.g Alerting and Warning Signals

    (1)  Attention or Alert Signal

         The ATTENTION or ALERT signal is a 3 to 5 minute steady tone on
         sirens, horns, or other devices.  The ATTENTION or ALERT signal shall
         mean:  "An emergency situation exists or is imminent.  Listen to your
         local or area radio or television station for essential emergency
         information."

         Use of this signal is optional; it may be authorized by local
         government to get public attention in times of emergency. 

   (2)  Attack Warning Signal

         The ATTACK WARNING signal is a 3 to 5 minute wavering tone on sirens,
         or a series of short blasts on horns or other devices, repeated as
         often as indicated over the National Warning System or as deemed
         necessary by local government authorities. 







                              Enclosure A-4, page 3


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

         The ATTACK WARNING signal indicates that an actual attack against
         this country has been detected.  THIS SIGNAL WILL BE USED FOR N0
         OTHER PURPOSE AND WILL HAVE NO OTHER MEANING.  Everyone should take
         immediate protective action and listen to the area Emergency
         Broadcast System radio station for subsequent instructions. 

         This signal is appropriate for the initial attack warning and such
         subsequent attack warnings as may be required. 


   (3)  Testing Local Warning Systems

         With prior public notice, local warning devices may be tested to
         assure that they are operating properly and that the emergency
         warning signals will be recognized by the public. 


3.  Peacetime Emergency Warning Systems

3.a Emergency Conditions and Warning Actions

Methods of warning state and local governments of specific emergency
conditions are described below: 

    (1)  Seismic Sea Wave (Tsunami)

         The NAWAS is an integral part of the Tsunami alerting system. 
         Reports of major earthquakes occurring at any point in the Pacific
         Basin, which may generate seismic sea waves, are transmitted to the
         Honolulu Observatory for evaluation. 

         The Observatory Staff determines action to be taken and relays it
         over the NAWAS circuits to inform and warn West Coast states.  The
         State NAWAS circuit is used to relay the information to local Warning
         Points in coastal counties.  This same information is also trans-
         mitted to local jurisdictions over appropriate radio systems,
         teletype, and telephone circuits to ensure maximum dissemination. 

         A Tsunami Watch Bulletin is issued if an earthquake has occurred in
         the Pacific Basin and could cause a tsunami.  A Tsunami Warning
         Bulletin is issued when an earthquake has occurred and a tsunami is
         spreading across the Pacific Ocean.  When a threat no longer exists,
         a Cancellation Bulletin is issued. 


    (2)  Flood

         A flood emergency is normally preceded by a buildup period which
         permits marshalling of forces as required to combat the emergency. 
         During the buildup period, OES cooperates with the National Weather
         Service and the State Department of Water Resources by relaying
         pertinent weather information and river bulletins to local government
         officials in the affected areas. 






                              Enclosure A-4, page 4


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

         OES receives this information over selected circuits and relays it to
         OES Regions via the OES private line teletype system and to local
         governments via CLETS. 


    (3)  Fire

         Initial warnings of major conflagrations are normally issued by the
         affected area through the Operational Area and/or OES Regional Fire
         Coordinator, using whatever means of communications are appropriate
         and available.  Requests for mutual aid follow the same channels. 


    (4)  Earthquake

         Earthquakes occur without warning.  0ES could receive notification of
         an earthquake, as well as subsequent information, including damage
         reports, from various sources, such as: 

         (1)  University of California Seismological Observatory, Berkeley
         (2)  OES Regional Offices
         (3)  Local Governments
         (4)  Federal/State agencies
         (5)  Honolulu Observatory. 

         The information may be received via NAWAS, radio, teletype, and/or
         telephone, and would be further disseminated as appropriate, using
         any or all of these means.  The State Warning Center has a seismic
         alarm system that activates during earthquakes, prompting duty
         personnel to investigate the disturbance. 


    (5)  Other Emergencies

         Warning and/or information concerning emergencies other than those
         cited above is disseminated using any appropriate system(s). 


3.b Local Alerting, Notification, and Warning System

The local system for alerting the Emergency Management Staff, governmental
forces, and supporting private organizations, is depicted in Attachment A-4-B,
Local Alerting and Notification System.  The system for warning the public is
depicted in Attachment A-4-C, Local Peacetime Emergency Warning System. 


Attachments: 

    A-4-A Local Attack Warning System
    A-4-B Local Alerting and Notification System
    A-4-C Local Peacetime Emergency Warning System








                              Enclosure A-4, page 5


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                        Attachment A-4-A, Enclosure A-4

                           LOCAL ATTACK WARNING SYSTEM






















                        (TO BE COMPLETED BY JURISDICTION)

































                                Attachment A-4-A


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                        Attachment A-4-B, Enclosure A-4

                     LOCAL ALERTING AND NOTIFICATION SYSTEM






















                        (TO BE COMPLETED BY JURISDICTION)

































                                Attachment A-4-B


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                        Attachment A-4-C, Enclosure A-4

                    LOCAL PEACETlME EMERGENCY WARNING SYSTEM






















                        (TO BE COMPLETED BY JURISDICTION)

































                                Attachment A-4-C


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

                                 Enclosure A-5

                        SITUATION ANALYSIS AND REPORTING


1.  Introduction

A major problem following a disastrous event is collecting and analyzing
information on the nature, severity, and extent of damage, and reporting the
results through established channels.  The information will provide officials
a logical basis for their response decisions. 

2.  Concept of Operations

Following a disaster, local field units will promptly conduct a rapid recon-
naissance of affected areas to determine the extent of damage and will report
the information to local officials.  In large scale multijurisdiction
disasters (Level III), this information should first be consolidated at the
county level.  The information will then be reported to the Office of
Emergency Services (0ES) Mutual Aid Region, or State Coordination Center, when
activated, where it will be further consolidated and reported to State OES
Headquarters.  Reports will be utilized to determine the distribution and
severity of damage and will provide the basis for initiating the emergency
response and mutual aid support. 

Where required, these actions will be followed by a detailed assessment of
damage, of both the public and private sector, with the estimates (in dollar
amounts) serving as the basis for the Governor's proclamation of a STATE OF
EMERGENCY or the Governor's request to the President for a declaration of an
EMERGENCY or MAJOR DISASTER.  As required, this same information will serve as
a basis for the allocation of state funds under the State Natural Disaster
Assistance Act and/or the application of Federal disaster relief programs, the
latter of which would be appropriate in the event of a Presidential
declaration. 

3.  Policies and Procedures

3.a Disaster Intelligence

In a major disaster there are three kinds of disaster intelligence required: 

    (1)  Information necessary to determine operational problems and immediate
         needs of the victims.  In the Immediate Impact Phase this information
         is the most important, and an overriding priority will be given to
         its collection.  Collection of category 2 and 3 information
         (discussed below) will not be allowed to interfere with the
         determination of this category. 

    (2)  Specific information on dollar amounts, economic impact, etc., which
         is collected in order to permit the Governor to request a declaration
         from the President under the provisions of the Federal Disaster
         Relief Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-288).  The collection of this
         information is important but must not be accomplished until the needs
         of 1 above have been satisfied. 





                              Enclosure A-5, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

    (3)  Information, in sufficient detail, which will be necessary to
         properly plan for both short- and long-range recovery.  In the
         beginning, this item will have the lowest priority; however, it will
         assume the greatest importance once priorities 1 and 2 have been
         discharged. 

3.b Reconnaissance

An immediate reconnaissance of the area will provide a description of the
situation which can then be evaluated and provide a determination as to
general need and course(s) of action to be taken.  Such reconnaissance will
normally be conducted as follows: 

   (1)  Ground Surveys

         Local damage reconnaissance will usually be accomplished through
         ground surveys and will require the observation and reporting of
         damage, casualties, status of risk areas, and other facts necessary
         for executive decision.  This activity should include the inspection
         and reporting of the status of key facilities (e.g., utility
         substations, hospitals, etc.) which are essential to public welfare
         and safety.  It should be followed up by processing and forwarding
         applicable information through established channels. 


   (2)  Aerial Reconnaissance

         Where capabilities exist and conditions permit, a rapid means of
         determining general damage levels can be provided through aerial
         reconnaissance.  The following guidelines apply to the use of this
         method: 

         (a)  Damage assessment efforts will be expedited with aerial
              reconnaissance missions, using photographic and photogrammetric
              techniques where possible.  All information obtained by aerial
              reconnaissance should immediately be provided to city and county
              governments.  These actions are essential, since relevant
              emergency operations cannot be effectively undertaken until
              damage reports have been interpreted. 

         (b)  Where possible, aerial reconnaissance missions will be initiated
              at the county level, using locally available aircraft. Flights
              should be coordinated with the OES Mutual Aid Regionto avoid
              duplication of mission assignments.  If local aircraft are not
              available, a request will be submitted to the OES Mutual Aid
              Region for support. 

         (c)  If no means of communication is available with known or
              suspected damaged areas, then the staff of the county will
              initiate aerial reconnaissance missions.  If this cannot be
              done, State OES will request such services from adjoining
              counties or the State Departments of Transportation (Division of
              Aeronautics), Fish and Game, and the California Highway Patrol,
              or the Civil Air Patrol. 





                              Enclosure A-5, page 2


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

3.c Situation Reporting

Following the initial area reconnaissance, a series of reports will be
required in order to provide detailed information to the various levels of
government.  Reports will normally originate at the local level.  They will
identify the area being reported on to include observed damage. Where no
damage is observed, negative reports will be submitted. They will normally be
submitted through channels and will consist of the following types of reports:


    (1)  Flash Reports

         The first series of reports to be submitted, through channels, to the
         OES Headquarters in Sacramento will be Flash Reports. These will be
         verbal reports with the first being submitted as quickly as possible
         following a disaster. 

    (2)  Situation Reports

         A more refined and detailed Situation Report will be prepared and
         submitted through channels every two hours, or as requested.  This
         report will define affected areas, identify closed roads and
         highways, estimate the number of casualties, and provide other
         essential information.  Reports will provide, as a minimum, the
         information contained in Attachment A-5-A, Situation Report Form.

    (3)  Detailed Reports

         Following the Situation Reports, government at all levels will
         require more detailed information, particularly that resulting from
         damage estimates and analysis.  This type of information would also
         materially assist the state and federal governments in determining
         the exact situation.  The information should include:  the total
         numbers of dead and injured; the amount of damage to both public and
         private facilities; and the type and relative priority of needed
         assistance.  This information will be provided, along with a
         proclamation of a LOCAL EMERGENCY, if a request is made for the
         Governor to proclaim a STATE OF EMERGENCY. 


3.d Damage Assessment

    (1)  To support claims for public and private property losses under state
         and federal disaster recovery programs, the jurisdiction will, as
         early as possible, conduct a detailed assessment of damage to both
         the public and private sector and submit reports to the OES Mutual
         Aid Regional Office.  (NOTE: Requests for assistance under the State
         Natural Disaster Assistance Act must be accompanied by damage
         assessment information relative to public real property, excluding
         public property used solely for recreational purposes.) 









                              Enclosure A-5, page 3

WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

    (2)  Damage assessment should be conducted through "at the scene" surveys
         by teams of qualified local inspectors representing both the public
         and private sectors.  Where required, these local teams will be
         augmented by inspectors from appropriate state and Federal agencies. 

         (NOTE:    Costs related to damage assessment are not reimbursable
                   under existing disaster relief laws.)

    (3)  Individual Assistance damage assessment relates to estimates of
         damage to the private sector.  Included are damages to homes,
         businesses, farms, possessions, and other improvements.  Public
         Assistance damage assessment involves damage to public facilities
         (public buildings, sewer facilities, bridges, roads, public schools,
         etc.).  Included in this category are costs associated with emergency
         actions related to search and rescue, medical care, emergency
         shelter, feeding, relief, and rehabilitation. 

    (4)  Complete details relative to the overall scope of damage assessment,
         to include forms, procedures, etc., are included in the State
         Disaster Assistance Procedurel Manual (published and issued
         separately). 


Attachment: 

    A-5-A  Situation Report Form

































                              Enclosure A-5, page 4


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)
                         Attachment A-5-A, Enclosure A-5

                              SITUATION REPORT FORM


Reporting Jurisdiction                               Date/Time                

                                                                              

1.  Type of occurrence                                                        

2.  Where it occurred                                                         

3.  When it occurred                                                          

4.  Jurisdiction/Area/Facility affected                                       

5.  Estimated number of persons: 

    Dead          , Injured          , Evacuated         , Homeless           
            (1)                (2)                 (3)                  (4)

6.  Major highways/roads closed                                               

7.  Open adjacent airfields                                                   

8.  Actions by Local Officials: 

    a.   Proclamation of Local Emergency?   Yes          No      

    b.   Will a Governor's Proclamation be requested?   Yes          No      

         When (estimated)?                                     

    c.   EOC manned?  Yes         No        Location                          

    d.   Communications available: 

         Telephone                          TWX                               

         CLETS                LG Radio                   Other                

9.  Mutual aid assistance requested?    Yes          No      

    a.   Personnel:  Type         No.         From Where                      

    b.   Equipment/Supplies:  Type         From Where                         

10. Special problems (such as fuel shortages, etc.)                           

                                                                              

                                                                              

                                                                              

                         Attachment A-5-A, Enclosure A-5


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)
                                  Enclosure A-6

                          EMERGENCY PUBLIC INFORMATION



1.  Purpose

This enclosure establishes the Jurisdiction Emergency Public Information (EPI)
Organization and prescribes procedures for: 

    o    The rapid dissemination of accurate instructions and information to
         the public during periods of emergency. 

    o    Response to media inquiries and calls from the public. 

    o    Establishment of a Media Center near the Emergency Operating Center
         (EOC) for use by representatives of the print and electronic media. 

    o    Establishment of an On-Scene Public Information Team at the site of
         the incident. 


2.  Assumptions

During emergency situations: 

    o    The general public will demand information about the emergency
         situation and instructions on proper survival/response actions. 

    o    The media will demand information about the emergency.  The local
         media, particularly radio, will perform an essential role in
         providing emergency instructions and status information to the
         public.  Depending on the severity of the emergency, or the media's
         conception of the severity of the emergency, regional and national
         media will also demand information and may play a role in reassuring
         (or alarming) distant relatives of disaster victims. 

    o    Depending on the severity of the emergency, telephone communication
         may be sporadic or impossible.  Local and regional radio/television
         stations without emergency power may also be off the air. 

    o    Demand for information will be overwhelming if sufficient staff is
         not provided and if staff is not trained. 


3.  Concept of Operations

EPI activities during emergencies are summarized below for each period/phase. 
Actions to be taken by the Jurisdiction Public Information Officer (PIO) and
EPI Staff are provided in detail in Attachment A-6-A, Public Information
Officer Checklist.


                              Enclosure A-6, page 1


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

3.a Pre-Emergency Period

    Normal Preparedness Phase

    During this phase, emphasis will be placed on preparing and maintaining
    plans, Standing Operating Procedures (SOPs), checklists and contact lists;
    developing sample news releases, radio/TV messages, emergency
    instructions, periodic status reports, etc., requiring only the
    particulars to be inserted; and on organizing and training EPI Staff. 


    Increased Readiness Phase

    Increased readiness actions will include alerting staff and reviewing and
    updating plans, SOPs, checklists and contact lists, as well as reviewing,
    updating, and completing pre-prepared radio/TV messages, news releases,
    emergency instructions, etc.  There may be a need to respond to inquiries
    from the media and public. 


3.b Emergency Period

During all emergency operations, the Jurisdiction PIO will serve as the dis-
semination point for all media releases.  Other agencies wishing to release
information to the public must coordinate through the PIO. 


    Pre-Impact Phase

    EPI functions during this phase will involve warning the public of an
    imminent hazard and providing instructions on protective actions to take
    to avoid the hazard or reduce its impact.  EPI Staff will be fully
    mobilized, and emergency instructions/information will be disseminated to
    the public in the following priorities (see Attachment A-6-B, Emergency
    Public Information Priorities, for details): 

    (1)  Lifesaving/health preservation instructions. 
    (2)  Emergency status information. 
    (3)  Other useful information. 


    Immediate Impact Phase

    During this phase, the EPI 0rganization will be fully mobilized and
    emergency instructions/information will be provided to the public in the
    above priorities.  The Media Center will be opened, and the On-Scene
    Public Information Team will be dispatched, if deemed appropriate. 


    Sustained Emergency Phase

    During this phase, applicable EPI will continue to be released, along with
    damage assessment figures when available. 

                             Enclosure A-6, page 2 


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

3.c Post-Emergency Period (Recovery)

During this period, appropriate information will continue to be released,
particularly on the restoration of essential services, travel restrictions,
and assistance programs available.  When time allows, actions taken during the
emergency will be assessed and the EPI Plan and checklist will be revised as
necessary. 

4.  California Emergency Public Information System 

The California Emergency Public Information System includes city, county,
Office of Emergency Services (OES) Mutual Aid Region, State and Federal PIOs
and public information representatives from private agencies.  The scope of
the emergency will determine how many levels of the system become actively
involved in EPI release. 

City and County PIOs will release EPI locally and will provide status
information to PIOs at the next higher level of government.  They should
coordinate in advance with the public information representatives of local
private agencies such as the American Red Cross, Salvation Army, and utility
companies, so that mutual needs may be fulfilled during emergencies. 

When the OES Emergency Public Information Organization at the OES Headquarters
in Sacramento is activated, PIOs will be assigned to the affected 0ES Mutual
Aid Region(s) to gather status information from local jurisdictions and pro-
vide it to the State OES PI0.  Mutual Aid Region PIOs may reply to media
calls, and will relay information from the state and federal levels to local
PIOs. 

The State OES PIO will summarize the disaster situation for the media and
report on state agency response activities.  The State OES PI0 will also
establish statewide Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) programming, keep the
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) PIO informed of developments, and
provide EPI Staff support to local jurisdictions on request.  The State OES
PIO will coordinate news releases pertaining to a particular jurisdiction with
that jurisdiction PIO PRIOR to dissemination to the news media.  When prior
coordination is not feasible, the local PIO will be informed at the earliest
possible opportunity. 

The FEMA PIO will provide information on federal response efforts and federal
assistance programs and may provide EPI Staff support to the state on request.
 The federal government determines nationwide EBS programming. 

5.  Jurisdiction EPI Organization

The Jurisdiction Emergency Public Information Organization will be supervised
by the Jurisdiction PIO or alternate.  The organization will function on a 24-
hour basis during emergencies and will be divided into four elements:  Emer-
gency Information/Rumor Control Section; Nonemergency Information/Visitor
Control Section; On-Scene Public Information Team; and Administrative Support
Section.  (See details in Attachment A-6-C, Jurisdiction Emergency Public
Information Organization.)

                              Enclosure A-6, page 3


WORKING DRAFT (02/87)

6.  Communications

The jurisdiction will rely on commercial telephone for dissemination of infor-
mation to the media and for responding to direct public inquiry.  The PIO
should ensure that sufficient telephone circuits are installed in the
Emergency Information/Rumor Control Section area to handle incoming calls (at
least three lines for media inquiry only) and in the Media Center to allow the
media to relay information.  The PIO should arrange for at least one unlisted,
outgoing line, not in rotary, for his/her exclusive use during disasters. 
(The PIO may choose instead to request the telephone company to institute line
load control, i.e., switch certain lines to outgoing only, during disasters.) 
The telephone/telecopier will be used to coordinate with PIOs in other
affected jurisdictions and at other government levels.  Should telephones be
out of service or unavailable (as will be the case of the On-Scene PIO Team),
the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) will be used for communi-
cating EPI messages.  Provisions for this support will be made in advance and
a list of trained RACES operators maintained.  The jurisdiction will activate,
or request activation of, local EBS stations following established EBS
procedures (see Attachment A-6-F). 

Local commercial radio is the most rapid means of communicating emergency
information to the public; however, EPI may need to be disseminated in a
number of ways, including: 

    o    Regional commercial radio stations whose signals reach the stricken
         area (if local stations are off the air). 

    o    Television stations (including cable). 

    o    Newspapers. 

    o    Special EPI supplements to newspapers. 

    o    Leaflets distributed by volunteers. 

    o    Public safety loudhailer. 

    o    Personal contact. 


7.  Media Access Privileges

7.a Ground Access

California Penal Code Section 409.5 (see extract in Attachment A-6-D, Media
Access Regulations) permits access by accredited reporters to areas which are
closed to the public during disasters.  The California Peace Officers'
Association suggests that "In general, authorized members of the news media
are to be permitted free movement in the area as long as they do not hamper,
deter, or interfere with the law enforcement or public safety functions".*

                      
*   Law Enforcement Media Relations Model Policy Manual, California Peace
    Officers' Educational Research and Training Foundation, 1982, p.8. 

                              Enclosure A-6, page 4




If access restrictions for the media are unavoidable in the opinion of the
authority in charge of the incident/disaster, a "pool" system may be
established.  Reporters on-scene should be permitted to select one
representative from each medium (radio, television, newspaper, wire service)
and from each level of coverage (local, regional, national, international) to
be escorted into the area.  Reporters will then share information, photo-
graphs, and video/audio tape with other accredited reporters.  If access by
the media must be denied or restricted for any reason, a complete explanation
must be given. 


7.b      Air Access

Federal Aviation Administration Regulation 91.91 (see extract in Attachment
A-6-D) covers temporary flight restrictions during incidents/disasters and
sets forth procedures which pilots of media and other aircraft must follow. 
Permission to fly over incident sites may be denied if such flights will pose
a significant safety hazard to the general public. 



Attachments: 

    A-6-A  Public Information Officer Checklist
    A-6-B  Emergency Public Information Priorities
    A-6-C  Jurisdiction Emergency Public Information Organization
    A-6-D  Media Access Regulations
    A-6-E  Emergency Public Information Contacts
    A-6-F  Emergency Broadcast System Procedures


























                                        


                              Enclosure A-6, page 5


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