       Document 0823
 DOCN  M9440823
 TI    Injecting risk behavior among drug users in Amsterdam, 1986 to 1992, and
       its relationship to AIDS prevention programs.
 DT    9404
 AU    van Ameijden EJ; van den Hoek AR; Coutinho RA; Department of Public
       Health and Environment, Amsterdam, The; Netherlands.
 SO    Am J Public Health. 1994 Feb;84(2):275-81. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94127640
 AB    OBJECTIVES. Serial, cross-sectional trends in injecting risk behavior
       were studied among drug users from 1986 to 1992. METHODS. From a cohort
       study in Amsterdam, 616 intake visits of drug users who had injected in
       the 6 months preceding intake were selected. RESULTS. The proportion of
       drug users who reported borrowing and lending used injection equipment
       and reusing needles/syringes (in the previous 6 months), continuously
       declined from 51% to 20%, from 46% to 10% and from 63% to 39%,
       respectively. In multivariate analysis, it appeared unlikely that a
       selective recruitment of participants over time was responsible for
       these trends. Participants, recruited later in time, had been previously
       tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) more often, had received
       daily methadone less often, and had obtained a higher proportion of new
       needles via exchange programs. Indications were found that (1) voluntary
       HIV testing and counseling leads to less borrowing, lending, and reusing
       equipment; and (2) obtaining needles via exchange programs leads to less
       reusing needles/syringes. It appeared that nonattenders of methadone and
       exchange programs have reduced borrowing and lending to the same extent
       as attenders. CONCLUSIONS. Methodologically, evaluating specific
       measures is difficult. However, the combination of various preventive
       measures in Amsterdam is likely to be responsible for the observed
       decrease in injecting risk behavior.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/PREVENTION & CONTROL/  *TRANSMISSION
       Adult  Cohort Studies  Cross-Sectional Studies  Female  Health Behavior
       Human  Logistic Models  Male  *Needle Sharing/ADVERSE EFFECTS/TRENDS
       Netherlands  Risk Factors  Substance Abuse, Intravenous/*COMPLICATIONS
       Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

