       Document 0309
 DOCN  M9440309
 TI    Cytomegalovirus retinitis under combination therapy with zidovudine and
       dideoxycytidine in advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection.
 DT    9404
 AU    Kaulen P; Pham DT; Baranowski E; Wollensak J; Department of
       Ophthalmology, Klinikum Rudolf Virchow, Freie; Universitat, Berlin,
       Germany.
 SO    Ger J Ophthalmol. 1993 Nov;2(6):412-5. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94146693
 AB    The incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis during combination
       therapy with zidovudine (azidothymidine AZT) and zalcitabine
       (dideoxycytidine ddC), was compared with that during monotherapy with
       AZT alone in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
       infection. A total of 85 patients with CD4 cell counts under
       500/microliters were enrolled in a prospective, controlled study.
       Between August 1991 and June 1992, these patients were treated daily
       with 500 mg/kg AZT given alone (n = 42) or in combination with 0.02
       mg/kg ddC (n = 43). The rate of occurrence of typical microvascular
       retinopathy with cotton-wool exudates was lower in patients receiving
       combination treatment than in those given monotherapy [10 patients (26%)
       receiving AZT/ddC vs 23 patients (56%) given AZT; P < or = 0.01,
       chi-square test]. CMV retinitis developed in 8 patients (19%) treated
       with AZT and in 6 patients (14%) treated with ddC and AZT (no
       significant difference). In contrast to recently published data, we
       found no decrease in the rate of occurrence of retinitis in the group
       under combined antiretroviral therapy but observed a significantly lower
       incidence of microvascular retinopathy.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*DRUG THERAPY  AIDS-Related
       Opportunistic Infections/*DRUG THERAPY  Comparative Study
       Cytomegalovirus Retinitis/*DRUG THERAPY  CD4-CD8 Ratio  Drug Therapy,
       Combination  Human  HIV Infections/DRUG THERAPY  Incidence  Male
       Prospective Studies  Zalcitabine/*THERAPEUTIC USE
       Zidovudine/*THERAPEUTIC USE  CLINICAL TRIAL  JOURNAL ARTICLE  RANDOMIZED
       CONTROLLED TRIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

