       Document 0251
 DOCN  M9440251
 TI    Preexposure prophylaxis with 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine against
       simian immunodeficiency virus infection in macaques.
 DT    9404
 AU    Tsai CC; Follis KE; Sabo A; Grant RF; Bartz C; Nolte RE; Benveniste RE;
       Bischofberger N; Regional Primate Research Center, University of
       Washington,; Seattle.
 SO    J Infect Dis. 1994 Feb;169(2):260-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94149308
 AB    A reverse transcriptase inhibitor, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine
       (PMEA), was evaluated for efficacy against acute simian immunodeficiency
       virus (SIV) infection in juvenile macaques (Macaca fascicularis).
       Macaques were pretreated subcutaneously with PMEA for 48 h before SIV
       inoculation. Drug treatment continued for an additional 28 days.
       Efficacy of PMEA was determined by detection of SIV in blood, SIV DNA in
       peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and SIV antibodies. Protection from
       acute SIV infection occurred in 83% of macaques treated with 20
       mg/kg/day versus 50% of macaques treated with 10 mg/kg/day. Several
       PMEA-treated macaques developed mild dermatitis that disappeared when
       the 4-week therapy ended. The results of these experiments indicate that
       preexposure prophylaxis with PMEA can prevent acute SIV infection in
       macaques. Since PMEA demonstrates profound inhibition of retrovirus
       infection, it may have utility as a chemoprophylactic agent for humans
       exposed to SIV or human immunodeficiency virus.
 DE    Adenine/*ANALOGS & DERIVATIVES/THERAPEUTIC USE  Animal  Antibodies,
       Viral/BIOSYNTHESIS  Base Sequence  Dose-Response Relationship, Drug  DNA
       Primers/CHEMISTRY  DNA, Viral/ANALYSIS  Leukocytes,
       Mononuclear/MICROBIOLOGY  Macaca  Molecular Sequence Data  Simian
       Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*PREVENTION & CONTROL  Support, U.S.
       Gov't, P.H.S.  SIV/IMMUNOLOGY  T-Lymphocyte Subsets/IMMUNOLOGY  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

