Written by: Dr. Sanford Aranoff ÃÇÏÇÕÆ ØÎÍÈ .Ö Õ"Å 651 Greenwood Manor Circle 6 ÔÏÕÒ ÆÏ 'ÉÕ West Melbourne, FL 32904 49311 ÆÇÔ× É×Ò Tel.: (407) 984-5400 03-922-6997 :'ÍÊ If you enjoy using the program, please send me $29. ù An editor with all the standard features, such as block commands, multiple windows, etc. ù Good for English, Hebrew, or a mixture. Search for an English string, and replace with a Hebrew string. ù Excellent for the initial, creative process of writing the text. ù Output can be ASCII files compatible with other programs that print fancy text, such as 1ST WORD¿ or WordUP¿, including, of course, Hebrew with the proper justification. Hebrew text can be created with Dutch proportional spacing, for input to WordUP¿. ù Can read, write, or print files with Hebrew in the IBM format. The Hebrew file can be reversed. Some DOS word processors produce ASCII Hebrew files with the letters in reverse order. We Atari people can now talk to your IBM friends! ù UNDO fully supported. All deletes can be restored. ù Back-ups automatically made, so that files remain intact. ù Goodies: Date (English or Hebrew), kill to stop saving or printing, bookmark, move by paragraphs, typing speedometer. ù Labels. Prints mailing labels. English labels are printed with Elite type, and Hebrew with Pica. Will print both language labels, each with the proper justification. This is a great editor for creating text with both English and Hebrew. Although originally written for Hebrew, it turned out that this is a fine general-purpose editor. It permits the fast typing in of your ideas. The text can then go to other editors or desktop publishing programs to be printed beautifully. The letters in the shaded area on the left indicate language changes. The letter "P" indicates a new page. You can force a new page at the line by typing the at sign, "@", with nothing else on the line. ÆÎÌ ,ÔÇÍà ×ÇÂÕÇÆ ØÇÄÌ ,ÚËÊÕÅÏÊÐÆ ×ÇÏÇÌ×Æ ÍÌ ÚÑ ÚËÍËÍÎ× ÅÃÑÎ ù .'ÇÌÇ ,×ÇÏÇÍÉ ,×ËÍÄÏ ×ÈÇÕÉÎ ÖÒÉ .ÅÉËà ØÆËÏÖÍ Ç ×ËÕÃÑÍ Ç ×ËÍÄÏÂÍ ÃÇÊ ù .×ÈÕÉÎà Æ×Ç ÛËÍÉ× .ÊÐÔÊÆ ×ÃË×Ì ÍÖ ×ËÏÕÓËÆ ×Ë×ÍÉ×ÆÆ ÙËÍÆ×Í ÃÇÊ ù ØÇÄÌ ,ÆÒË ×ÇÐËÒÅÎÆ ×ÇÕÉ ×ÇËÏÌ×Í ÚËÂ×Î ASCII ÜÃÇÔà ÊÍÒ ù .ÙËÕÓÖ ÇÎÌ ÕÅÇÐÎ ÆËÆ× ×ËÕÃÑÆ .1ST WORD¿ Ç WORD-UP¿ .IBM ÍÖ ÊÎÕÇÒà ×ËÕÃÑà ÚËÓÃÔ ÐËÒÅÆÍ Ç ,ÃÇ×ÌÍ ,ÂÇÕÔÍ Ø×ËÏ ù !IBM ËÖÏ ÚÑ ÕÃÅÍ ×ÑÌ ÚËÍÇÌË ,ËÕÊ ËÖÏ ,ÇÏ .ÕÇÈÉÖÍ Ø×ËÏ ÆÔËÉÎ ÍÌ .UNDO à ÆÎËÍÖ ÆÌËÎ× ù .ÚËÓÃÔÆ ×ÇÎËÍÖ ÍÑ ÕÇÎÖÍ ,ËÊÎÇÊÇ ØÒÇÂà Æ×ÖÑÏ Back-up ù ÔËÐÒÆÍ ÄÇÕÆ ,(×ËÕÃÑ Ç ×ËÍÄÏÂ) ÙËÕÂ× :ÚËÃÇÊ ÚËÕÃÅ ×ÇÏÇÖ ù ,ÚËÒËÑÐ ËÒÍ ÜÇÒÔ ,(ÚÇÔÎ Ç×ÇÂÍ ÕÉÎ ÕÇÈÉÍ) ÕÒÐ ØÎËÐ ,ÆÐÒÅÆ Ç ÆÕËÎÖ .ÙÍÖ ÆÐÒÅÆÆ ÍÖ ×ÇÕËÆÎ ÅÅÎ ÂËÆ .ÅÉËà ØÆË×Ö Ç ×ËÍÄÏ Ç ×ËÕÃÑ ÃÇ×ÌÍ ×ÅÑÇËÎ ×ÂÈÆ ×ËÏÌ×Æ .Æà ÖÎ×ÖÆÍ ÍÔ ÅÂÎÇ ,ÅÂÎ ÆÕËÆÎÇ ÆÔÈÉ ,ÛÇÐÍ ÜÇÒÔÍ Shift Home ÜÉÍ .×ÇÅÇÔÒÆ ÍÖ ×ËÕÃÑà ×ËÓÎ× ÖË ÆÊÎÍ .ÆÍÑÎÍ ÙÐÎÍ ÜÇÒÔÍ Control Up Arrow ÆÈ ÕÉÂÇ ÛÐÇÂà ÕÂÖ× ÂËÆ ÆÈ ÕÉÂÇ ,Æ×Ç ØËÃÆÍ ËÅÌ ÔÕ Æà ÚËÖÎ×ÖÎ Ú× Ú Ç ,×ËÏÌ×Æ ÚÑ Ã×ÌÎ Ã×ÇÌ Æ× Ú Íà.ËÍ ÚÍÖÍ ÆÃÇÉ ÖËÄÕ× Í ,ÙÍÖ × ÕËÃÑÆÍ ÙÍ ×ÕÈÇÑÇ ÆÃÇÊ ÂËÆ ÙË ÆÂÇÕ Æ×ÂÇ ,ÕÒÐÆ ×ËÃÍ ÕÇÃËÉ ÙÍ ÆÖÇÑ ËÏ .$29.00 - ÖÔÃÎ ËÏÂÖ ÛÐÌÆ × ËÍ ÉÍÖ ÆÏ ,Ã×ÌÍ Ù×ÇÃÖÉÎ ÙÍ ÆÖÇÑÖ ,ÕÍÅÏÐÆÇ ËÍÖ ÃÓÎÆ ØËà ÍËÅÃÆ ØË .ËÕÌÖ ËÍ ÑËÄÎÇ ,×ÇÕÖ Æ×ÂÖÌ ÔÕ ÚÍÖ .Õ×ÇÎ ÍÌÆ .ÆÓÇÕ Æ×ÂÖ ÚËÎÑÒ ÆÎÌ ×ËÏÌ×Æ × ÔË×Ñ× .×ÇÕÖ .Æà ÖÎ×ÖÎ Abstract This has most of the usual features word processors have: ù Insert/overstrike mode. ù Insert/delete line. ù Delete character. ù Backspace. Deletes previous character (left character, if Hebrew). ù Delete from cursor to start of line (right side, if Hebrew). ù Word-wrap. ù Go to the next line. For English, the cursor will remain at the same position, unless the new line is shorter than the old. For Hebrew, the cursor will always be at the beginning of the line. ù Go to top/bottom of the text. ù Go to the left or right end of the line. ù Go to bottom of the screen. ù Go to next screen. ù Go to line (specified in a dialog box). ù Mouse can move the cursor to any part of the text on the screen. ù Multiple windows. ù Block commands: Mark, cut (erase), paste, and hide. Text can be copied from window to window. ù Find/replace. It is possible to search for an English or international string, and replace it with a Hebrew string, or vice-versa. ù Markers. Set by address of line, not line number. Will automatically go to the proper window. ù Tab key. For Hebrew, it moves the cursor spaces to the left. ù Set margins. ù Reformat. English is left-justified, right ragged; Hebrew is right-justified, left ragged. ù Printing. Page numbers are optional. ù Help. In an alert box when opening a file, or by clicking on the window title bar. It also has some unique features, features which usually are not present in word processors: ù Bookmark. A marker is saved with the file. ù Undo for lines or letters deleted. ù International characters. ù Column and line numbers displayed, but not while typing (so that you are not distracted). ù Paragraph reformatting is not automatically done, distracting you. No need to stop typing because the program decided to reformat the paragraph. ù Today's date (in Hebrew or English). ù Optional creation of ASCII text with no carriage returns at the line ends for WordUP. ù Printing of Hebrew with either the Atari character set or the IBM standard character set. ù Reading and writing Hebrew with the IBM format, or reading reversed Hebrew. ù Moving down the text by paragraphs. This is a useful feature permitting one to see entire paragraphs at a time. I like it because I think in terms of paragraphs. ù Menu Bar. The menu bar gives important information, such as insert/overstrike mode, line number, etc. ù Pull-down menus for mouse entering of commands. ù Kill during save or printing. Useful when the printer jams! ù Hebrew and English. The important feature is the fact that this program is completely bilingual. You can type English or Hebrew as you wish. ù A nice feature is that when changing a language in the middle of a line, and then restoring the original language, the cursor jumps to the line end. Fast and easy. E.g., you are typing Hebrew text. The cursor is moving from right to left. You hit ^E, and type English. The cursor does not move, but the line grows to the left. Hit ^H to continue typing Hebrew. The cursor will now be at the end (left side) of the line. ù Compatibility. Another very important feature is the compatibility with other major word processors, in both reading files created with these word processors, and in creating files which these programs can read. This is discussed in more detail below. ù Prints mailing labels. ù In summary, this is an excellent program for children who wish to express themselves verbally. It is excellent for one who wishes to use a desk-top publishing program, in either Hebrew or English or both, and wants to be able in a fast, easy way create the text. ù General comments: The mouse disappears while typing, so as not to distract you. It will reappear if the mouse is moved. The elapsed time appears in the upper right corner, in minutes and seconds up to one hour; after this, it is hours and minutes. This time is updated only upon menu changes so as not to be distracting. Hit the mouse button to get the column number. Hit F7 to get the column number including the printing margin. This is important for getting the printing correct. Save As HEBREW.BUF for a BUF file that can be imported into WORDUP. This permits justification with no word wrap of the Hebrew text. After Saving As WORDUP.BUF, a file selector will appear. Choose HEBREW .BUF. Run WordUP, open a file, then hit "Insert". The Hebrew file will be entered, right justified. Prior to saving the file, be sure that the right margin is set to 78, and reformat all the paragraphs. This will create a proportional file in Dutch 12 for WordUP. The next few pages give a general description of the editor. This is followed by a tutorial. This program is a truly professional program, free of bugs and lockouts and such. It is designed for the rapid entry of text. The important thing here is the ability to quickly enter your ideas in a creative fashion, with a minimum disturbance from the computer. You can just keep on typing. You do not have to stop your typing because the program decided to reformat the paragraph, as is the case with 1ST WORD¿. Instead, the lines will split with the cursor at the proper location. Later, after you entered the text, you can do the reformatting. The menu gives important information: Which file (up to three may be opened simultaneously), language (English or Hebrew), insert or overstrike mode, line and column number of the cursor, tab spacing (default is 5), left and right margins (default: 1 and 66). For sending to a word processor that uses Dutch 12, then set the margin to 78, and the tab spacing to 10. The window bar gives the title. Click on the window bar to get help. The shaded column on the left is for the cursor in Hebrew. The reason for this is that in Hebrew the cursor is to the left of the letter, so that the typing appears natural. (Characters occasionally appearing in this column are language information, discussed below). A few words about the cursor. For English, the letter added is to the left of the cursor. For example, if you typed "bok", and wanted to correct it to "book", then put the cursor on the "k", and type "o". For Hebrew, the letter added is to the right of the cursor. For example, if you wanted to correct the word "ÕÒÐ" to become "ÕÒËÐ", then put the cursor on the "Ò" and hit "Ë". The above is true only for single language lines. For mixed language lines, the rule is to look at the language of the line, not the language being typed. For example, if you are typing a Hebrew line, and have the word "bok" on the line, to correct it to become "book", bring the cursor to the "o", following the rule for Hebrew that the letter added is to the right of the cursor. Likewise, if you are typing an English line, and wish to correct "ÕÒÐ", put the cursor on the "Ð", following the rule that the letter added is to the left of the cursor. If this is confusing to you, remember that it was much more confusing to me to program! The basic idea is that when typing you want it to look as if the cursor gets filled up with the letter being typed. Hebrew, read from right to left, thereby requires that the letter added is to the right of the cursor. Mixed language lines simply have to take the rule of the primary language of the line, not the language being typed. The language of the line is the language of justification. English is left justified, and Hebrew right justified. An important objective of word processors is compatibility with other word processors, to read and write files that the other word processors can properly deal with. 1HEBREW meets this requirement: 1. 1ST WORD or 1WRDPLUS¿. Using 1HEBREW, just open a .DOC file, modify it, and save it again as a DOC file. 1ST WORD will be able to properly word wrap the file, if a paragraph reformatting is requested. Hebrew lines will be properly right justified. 2. WORDSTOK, the editor distributed by Eram, the representative of Atari in Israel. It is indeed possible for you to continue using all the files you created with WORDSTOK. Merely open a WORDSTOK file as a TXT file, and proceed. If you save it in 1HEBREW as a TXT file, the resulting file will not be compatible with WORDSTOK; save it as a HEB file instead. 3. WORDUP¿. This program produces lovely printing using GDOS fonts. If you create an English file with 1HEBREW and save it as a TXT file, the resulting ASCII file will word-wrap in WORDUP. Hebrew files, on the other hand, will appear in WORDUP with paragraph markers on the right side of each line. In WORDUP, hit "Enter" to replace a paragraph marker with end of a line marker, then "Delete" to delete the paragraph marker. This way the Hebrew text will be right justified, with no word wrap occurring. (How to avoid word wrapping for English is discussed below). Allow me to briefly mention EDITOR.PRG¿, the editor for Personal Pascal. Although this is the fastest editor I have seen for the creation of ASCII files or source code, it is not acceptable for documentation. It has a few problems, as well: One cannot open a file on one drive, and another on another drive. It is possible to make it bomb by hitting the wrong keys (horrors!). Tab keys are not hard spaces, which confuses me. (WORDUP also does not use hard spaces for tab keys). Markers are based upon line numbers, and so change as the text is modified - you can't simply jump back to where you were! Finally, since it does not automatically create a back-up file when saving, it is possible to lose the original file. Line Numbers. Each line is given a line number. Bookmark. 1HEBREW also contains a bookmark. You know what a bookmark is? When you put down the book, the bookmark saves your place, so that you can continue reading from where you let off. Here, too, there is a bookmark. Simply set a marker by hitting Shift F1, then save the file as a HEB file. When you open the file later, hit F1, and the cursor will jump to the line that you were at. Neat, huh? Date. Hit F8 to have today's date inserted at the location of the cursor. This assumes, of course, that the system date is correct. Other word processors also insert the date. The beauty here is that if Hebrew text is written, the date will be in Hebrew (the secular date), such as: 1989 ËÂÎ 12. Commands. The editor is uses commands which are primarily Alt (Alternate) key commands, with some ^ (Control) key commands. In addition, the mouse is used, along with the Alt and Shift keys; i.e., ^Mouse, Alt Mouse, and Shift Mouse are all used. The commands are designed to be as similar as possible to EDITOR.PRG. The working file should be a HEB file. The output is one of three types of files: HEB, DOC, and other files. HEB files contain soft spaces, necessary for reformatting paragraphs. If a hard space ,i.e., a ^Space, is hit, then the word will not be broken here during the automatic reformatting. HEB files contain various programming information, such as line numbers for markers and bookmarks, and tab and margin settings. In addition, the HEB files contain Hebrew lines left adjusted, with the left blanks trimmed, saving space. Various programs, such as mailing labels and mailing lists, read this left adjusted Hebrew, and properly right adjust it. In summary, for preparing Hebrew text, it is essential to work with HEB files, and to save them as TXT for input to a word processor. Two files are necessary: The HEB file, and the TXT file. TXT files are designed for compatibility with WORDUP. For English text, the saved file is an ASCII file with either carriage returns (no word wrap), or no carriage returns at the ends of the lines (word wrap). For Hebrew text, the carriage returns at the ends (right side) are present. Hebrew lines can contain English words (and vice-versa); they are right adjusted, with text entered on the right of the cursor. To define a line as English or Hebrew, hit twice, then ^E or ^H. The reason for hitting (Return or Enter) twice is to permit typing English as the beginning of a Hebrew line. If you hit ^E in the middle of a Hebrew line, you can type English. All spaces for English words in Hebrew lines (and vice-versa, Hebrew words in English lines) are automatically hard spaces, so that the phrase in the different language will not be broken up. That is, suppose you are typing a Hebrew line, and add a few words in English. When the cursor gets to the end of the line, the entire English phrase will appear on the next line. This is necessary so that the order of the words do not get confused as the language changes. Precisely put, the language of a line is changed if either: 1. The cursor is at the beginning of the line, AND 2. The preceding line is blank. OR the language was changed with the tab dialog (Alt T). This brings up a dialog box, permitting changes in the tab key setting, the right margin, and the language. For English, you can choose either "E" or "]". The latter is for no word wrap. There are two choices of English lines, and this matters when the file is saved as a TXT file. One is with no carriage returns at the ends of the lines, permitting word wrap in WORDUP. The other is with carriage returns. This would be used in headings of letters, for example. Hit ^E at the line beginning to get the option with no carriage returns. Hit ^] to get English text with carriage returns inserted. For Hebrew text, of course, carriage returns are always inserted, as we do not want it to word wrap. These changes will be visible in the left shaded column, as an "E", "H" or an "]". They are visible when opening the file, or when changing the screen (Shift Up, etc.), not when moving by single lines. If you notice that text is improperly justified, such as English text right adjusted, left ragged, then just go to the beginning of the text, add a blank line,and hit ^E. Save the file as a HEB file, the open it again. The text will be justified properly. In general, when changing languages, be sure to put the language change both before and after the text. E.g., if you are typing a Hebrew document, and want to add a few English lines, hit ^E before the English lines, and ^H after. Reformat with word wrap is done from the current line till: a blank line, a format line, or a line where Hebrew lines are redefined ( and ^E or ^H). Words separated by hard spaces (^space) are not broken up in the reformat. Reformatting is not done automatically as a line word wraps, as is done in 1st Word. The reason is so as not to interfere with your typing and thinking. After reformatting a paragraph, the cursor will jump to the next paragraph, after the blank line between paragraphs, unless this next paragraph is on the next screen. In this case, the cursor will remain at the bottom of the screen. Blocks. Hit Alt M (or Shift Mouse), and the line will be the block start and end. Hit Alt M again at a lower line to redefine block end. Block commands work with lines only, due to the mixing of Hebrew and English. Alt P will paste the block, in any file (not just the file opened). Alt C will Cut (delete) the block. Alt H will Hide the block. Although the block will not be visible on the screen, and cannot be used, memory is not released. Some editors have additional commands: Write Block and Load Block. These commands are not necessary. To read a block from an external file, open a new window with the file name, then set the start of the block as the first line, and the end of the block as the last line. Similarly, to write a block to an external file, open a new window, hit ^P, then save the window as the desired file name. Lines beginning with a â contain markers and tab and margin information. Lines with â and the at (@) sign exist only for HEB files. If a line contains only an @ sign, then a new page will appear here. If it contains @1, then the rest of the text will be single spaced. If it contains @@, then the rest of the text will be double-spaced. These lines are not part of the DOC or TXT saved files. Hit Alt G to Go to a line. This brings up the go to line dialog box. The tab key inserts hard blanks, up to the next tab stop. Find and Replace. Hit Alt F to bring up the find alert box. Three choices are available: 1. English, case sensitive. If you ask to find "Book", it will not find "book". 2. English, case insensitive. 3. Hebrew. Of course, there are no cases for Hebrew. Next an alert box for the replacement string will appear. You pick the language of the replacement string. Cancel for no replacement. If you enter a blank string, then Alt R will simply delete the find string. It is possible to use the Alt = command in the find string. This is a method of using find and replace with international characters. Before entering the find command, clear the string buffer by hitting Alt -. Then type the desired international characters by hitting Alt I. Delete the characters. In the find command, hit Alt = for the international characters. Alt F does not move the cursor; it merely determines the find and replace strings. Hit Alt D or Alt U for Find Down or Find Up. Replace: Alt R. The replace command is ignored in the following cases: 1. The preceding command was not a Find Down or Find Up. If the cursor is at a string that you want replaced, it is necessary to go back a bit, hit Alt D, then Alt R. 2. There is no room on the line for the string. In this case, hit Return to break up the line, and try again. Find and Replace work with Hebrew and English. It is beautiful! Save and Save as are fail save against power outages: Files are saved as .BAK files, and then renamed to the correct file. The BAK file is then erased. Other programs, such as WORDUP and 1ST WORD, also use BAK files. They, however, do not erase the BAK files, causing unnecessary clutter. Kill. An important unique feature is kill. During Save or Print, hit any key, and the process will stop. If the printer jams up, quickly hit any key on the keyboard to kill the printing. If you saved a file, and realized that you made a mistake (for example, you have a file by this name) then hit any key, and the save process will stop. The BAK file will then not be renamed or erased. When opening a file, and adding lines, the memory is checked. An alert box appears if there is not enough memory. In this case, save your files, quit, and try again. Undo. Another very nice, and unique, feature is the undo feature. In other word processors, once something is deleted it is quite a hassle to restore it. How often does one delete something by mistake? It happened to me enough times. Here, there are three independent buffers. The block buffer, the undo buffer, and the letters buffer. They all help from losing information. 1. The block buffer. Once a block is made, it is always available until another block is made. If you open too many blocks, you may run out of memory. To save the block as a file, simply open another file, paste the block into this file, and save. You can also load blocks this way. It is so easy to do it this way that I decided not to create special save and load block commands. 2. The undo buffer. Whenever a line is deleted by ^Delete or ^Mouse, the line can be restored anywhere by hitting "Undo". 3. The letters buffer. Whenever Delete or Backspace is hit, the letter is added to this buffer. This buffer is emptied when full (equal to the margin width of the text), upon a language change, or when Alt - is hit. To add letters from this buffer to your text, hit Alt =. An easier way to use international characters is to hit Alt I. Click on the desired character, and the letter of the text will be replaced. Moving around the file: Top of file: Cir Home. Bottom of file: Shift Cir Home. Bottom of screen: F6. Next paragraph: F9. To move up or down a screen: Shift Up or Down arrow. To set a marker: Shift F1,2,3, or 4. To go to the marker: F1, etc. To move to the right or left end of the line: Shift right or left arrow. Typing Hebrew, then ^E for an English word, the ^H to return to Hebrew, will bring the cursor to the end (left) of the line. Likewise typing English, with an Hebrew word. And, of course, you can use the mouse to get to anywhere on the screen. ×ÇÍÇÑÒÆ ÍÖ ÆÕÓÔ ÆÎËÖÕ .ÊÐÔÊ ÚÖ ÖËÖ ÙÐÎÆ ÍÑ ÚÇÔÎ ÍÌà ØÎËÐÆ × ÂËÃË ÕÃÌÑÆ .ÍÇÂÎÖ Ç ØËÎË ÜÉÆ × ÜÉÍ ,ÆÍÇÂÎÖ Ç ÆÏËÎË ÈÇÈÍ .Shift-ÜÉ ÜÉÍ ,ÆÕÇÖ ÛÇÐÍ ÈÇÈÍ ØÎËÐÆ ,×ËÍÄÏÂÍ .ÆÊÎÍ Ç ÆÍÑÎÍ ÜÉ ÜÉÍ ,ÆÊÎÍ Ç ÆÍÑÎÍ ÆÕÇÖ ÈÇÈÍ ÛÇÐà ÆËÆË ØÎËÐÆ ÈÂÖ ,ÆÕÓÔ Õ×ÇË ÆÏËÆ ÆÕÇÖÆ Ú ÂÍ ,ÚÇÔÎ Ç×ÇÂà ÆËÆË .ÆÕÇÖÆ ÛÇÐà ÆËÆË ÅËÎ× ØÎËÐÆ ,×ËÕÃÑÍ .ÆÕÇÖÆ .F6 ÜÉÍ ,ÙÐÎÆ ×Ë×É×Í ÈÇÈÍ ÚÆËÕÉ ÖËÖ ×ÇÕÇÖ ÍÖ ÜÃÇÔ ÇÏËÆ ÛËÑÐ .F9 ÜÉÍ ,ÂÃÆ ÛËÑÐÍ ÈÇÈÍ .ÚÍÖ ÛËÑÐ ÅËÎ× ÆÂÕ× ,F9 ×ÅÇÔÒ ×ÕÈÑà .ÆÒÖ ËÇÏËÖ Ç ÆÔËÕ ÆÕÇÖ .ÆÊÎÍ Ç ÆÍÑÎÍ Shift-ÜÉ ÜÉÍ ,ÆÊÎÍ Ç ÆÍÑÎÍ ÙÐÎÍ ÈÇÈÍ .Shift "Home" ,ÛÇÐÍ ÜÇÒÔÍ ."Home" ÜÉÍ ,ÙÎÐÎÆ ÖÂÕÍ ÜÇÒÔÍ .ÆÕÇÖÆ ÙÇ×à ×ÇË×Ç ÛËÐÇÎ ØÇÖÂÕÆ ."Overstrike"Ç "Insert" ÖË ÃÓÎÎ ÕÇÃÑÍ "Insert" ÜÉÍ .×ÇÎËËÔÆ ×ÇË×ÇÂÆ ÚÇÔÎà ×ÇË×Ç ÐËÏÌÎ ËÏÖÆ .ÆÍÑÎÍ ÊËÕÒ×à ÃÓÎÆ × ÆÂÕ× .ÃÓÎÍ .ÆÏÇÌÏÆ ÆÒÖà ÆËÆË ÙËÕÂ×Æ .F8 :ÙËÕÂ× .Alt ÚÑ ÕÃÌÑ Ç F10 ÜÉÍ ,ÛËÑÐ ×ÕÇÖ × ÂÍÎÍ .Reformat .ÕÃÌÑ Shift ØËÎË Ç Shift F10 ÜÉÍ ,ÆÕÇÖÆ ×ÍÉ×Æ ÅÑ ØÎËÐÆÎ ×ÇÉÎÍ .reformat ÆÖÇÑ ÚÄ ÆÈ .ÕÃÌÑ Ç F7 :ÊËÕÒ×à ×ÇÏÇÌÏ ×ÇÕÇÖ ×ÇÂÕÍ ×ÐÒÅÆÖ ÚËÍËÎ ÕÒÐÎ × Ø×ÇÏ ÆÈ .F5 ÜÉÍ ,ÆÐÒÅÆ ×ÇÕËÆÎ × ×ÇÂÕÍ ÕÒÐÎ ÆÏËÆ ÆÏËÎ .ÆÔÅÍ ÚÍËÎà ÃÓÔÆ ×ÂÇ ,ÚÇËÆ ×ËÏÌ×Æ × ×É×Ò ÈÂÎ .ÉÇÇÕÆ ÖÔÎÇ ×ÇË×Ç .Control ÕÃÌÑ Ç Control Delete ,ÆÕÇÖ ×ÇÉÎÍ .ÔÇÍà ÆÏËÆ ÆÕÇÖÆ .Alt ÕÃÌÑ Ç Alt M ÜÉÍ ,(block) ÔÇÍà ×ÇÖÑÍ .ÖÄÅÇÎ ÚËÂÇÕ .ÔÇÍà ÚÏËÆ ×ÇÕÇÖÆ ÍÌ È ,ÚÑÒ ÅÇÑ ÆÈ ÚËÖÇÑ Ú .ÆÔËÉÎ ÕÉ ÚÄ Ç×Ç ÔË×ÑÆÍ ÕÖÒ .Alt C :ÔÍÇÍà ×ÇÉÎÍ .Alt P :ÔÇÍà ÔË×ÑÆÍ .Ç×Ç ÔË×ÑÆÍ Ø×ËÏ ÂÍ È .Alt H :ÔÇÍà ÂËÃÉÆÍ ,(ÆÍÇÂÎÖ Ç ÆÏËÎË ÕÇÖË) ÆÕÇÖÆ ×ÒÖ ×ÇÏÖÍ .^H Ç ^E :ÆÒÖ ×ÇÏÖÍ .ÚËÊÕÒ ÚËÐËÏÌÎ ÈÂÇ ,^T Ç ,ÆÔËÕ ÆÕÇÖ ÕÉ ^H Ç ^E ÜÉÍ .'ÇÌÇ ,F1 :ØÎËÐÍ ÜÇÒÔÍ .Shift F1,F2,F3,F4 :ØÎËÐ ÕÓËÍ Ç ,×ËÕÃÑ :×ÇËÕÖÒ ÖÍÖ ÖË .^F :×ÈÇÕÉÎÆ × ÚËÕÉÇà ÚÅÇÔ :ÖÒÉÍ ÆÏËÆ ×ÈÇÕÉÎÆ Ú ,ÆÎÄÇÅÍ .Case sensitive or insensitive ×ËÍÄÏ ÚËÕÉÇà .ÆÒÍÉÆÆ ×ÈÇÕÉÎÆ × ÚËÐËÏÌÎ ÆÈ ÕÉ ."boy" ÚÄ ÂÓÎË ÚÂÆ ,"Boy" Ç ,(ÖÇÒËÉ ×ÈÇÕÉÎÆ ÇÎÌ ÆÒÖ Æ×ÇÂà ×ÇËÆÍ ×ÃËËÉ ÂÍ ÆÒÍÉÆ ×ÈÇÕÉÎ) ÆÒÖ Ç ÆÊÎÍ ÖÒÉÍ Alt U Ç Alt D ÚËÓÉÇÍ ÆÈ ÕÉ .ÆÒÍÉÆ ØË - ÍÇÊËà ,ÕÉ ØÎÈ ÛËÍÉÆÍ Ø×ËÏ ÂÍ .Alt R :ÛËÍÉÆÍ Ø×ËÏ ÖÇÒËÉÆ ÕÉ ÅËÎ .ÆÍÑÎÍ .Alt U Ç Alt D ÚÅÇÔ ÚËÃËËÉ -- ØÇÌÏÆ ÚÇÔÎà ÂÓÎÏ ØÎËÐÆ Ú ÇÍËÒ ÜÃÇÔ ÇËÆ .HEB ÚÖ .Alt A :ÕÉ ÚÖà .Alt S :ÚÖ Ç×ÇÂà ÜÃÇÔ ÕÇÎÖÍ ËÅË-ÍÑ ÚÅÇÔ ÕÓÇÏÆ ØÎËÐÍ ÜÇÒÔÍ Ø×ËÏ È ,ØÖË ÜÃÇÔ ÚËÉ×ÇÒÖÌ .ÆÅÇÃÑ ÍËÃÖà ÂÇÆ .DOC ÚÖ .WORDUP ÇÎÌ ,ÚËÍËÍÎ×-ÅÃÑÎÍ ÆÏËÆ .TXT ÜÃÇÔ .F4 .1STWORD ÚÖ ÇÍ ÖËÇ ,ÚËËÔ ÜÃÇÔÆ Ú .Alt B :ÕÇÄÐÍ .Alt O :ÖÅÉ ÜÃÇÔ ÉÇ×ÒÍ .ÆÒÖÆ × ØËËÓÍ ÚËÌËÕÓ ÂÍ È ,.HEB ×ËÕÃÑ ÐËÒÅÆÍ ÕÖÒ .ÛÅ ÍÌà ÚËÕÒÐÎ ÚËÖÍ ×ÇÕÖÒ ÖË .^P :ÐËÒÅÆÍ .IBM ËÒÍ Ç Atari ËÒÍ .Esc Ç Alt Q :ÅÇÃÑÍ ÕÇÎÄÍ