5 6 14 50 V.1.11

               *******************
               **   STAR 2000   **
               *******************
               
         A Freeware Subset of STAR BASE

              by J.Andrzej Wrotniak
  
         Distributed by Debonair Software
   
  To view a page, click on its top-right corner.
     To change volume or to rearrange pages,
        click on the proper volume number.
1-1
              WHAT IS STAR 2000?
  Star 2000  is a freeware subset of Star Base - a
commercial program  distributed  by Debonair Soft-
ware (for our address - see Page 5-6).
  While being a copyrighted program, Star 2000 can
be freely  distrubuted  as long as  all the files,
including the documentation, stay together.
  This is not  just a demo:  Star 2000  is a fully
functional program,  just scaled  down as compared
to the original.  The limitations  and differences
are listed on Page 4-2 of this help.
  While some users of  Star 2000  will have a need
for Star Base, many should be perfectly happy with
the free version. We hope you enjoy the program.
               DATABASE WINDOWS
  The database  windows display the data on stars,
deep sky objects (DSO)  and on the objects  of the
Solar System  (Sun, Moon and the planets).
  They are  opened,  respectively,  by clicking on
<List|List stars>,    <List|List deep sky objects>
and <List|List Solar System>.
  If a window is  already  open,  it will  be just
brought it to the top. If, however, the parameters
describing window contents have beeen changed, the
window will be updated to reflect the change (this
is also true about the map and HR plot windows).
  The current top window can be closed by pressing
the Escape key.
1-3
              DATABASE OPERATIONS - I
  To move around a data window use the scroll bars
on the right, or the keyboard:
 * Clr/Home - go to the top of database,
 *  or  - page up or down, respectively,
 *  or  - line up or down, respectively.
  The other operations are enabled only in the DSO
and star (not in Solar System) window:
 * Clicking on a data line will display the object
   in the Full Data dialog.
 * Double-clicking will tag an object (marking  it
   with a ">") or untag it again.  The listing can
   be then  limited to  tagged  objects only.  The
   <List> menu has also "Untag all" options.
1-4
             DATABASE OPERATIONS - II
 * The last tagged  or  accessed star is displayed
   in inverse video (see "Finding an  Object").
 * The coordinate system  used in data windows can
   be changed by clicking on <List|Set list frame>
 * Selecting  <List|Mapped only>  will  limit  the
   listing to objects drawn within the most recent
   map - the change is effective immediately.
 * The listing  order can  be changed  by clicking
   on <List|Sort ...> menu entries. Objects can be
   sorted by two attributes,  in increasing or de-
   creasing order.


1-5
            DATABASE SUBSET SELECTION
  The <List|Select...>  menu entries  enable data-
base filters: only objects with attributes falling
within specified ranges will be  listed.
  A dialog  will show up, asking for  low and high
limits ofeach  attribute.  An empty field means no
filtering of that attribute from that side (top or
bottom).  If both fields of an attribute  are left
empty,  the attribute will not be filtered at all.
  You may also limit  the selection  to previously
tagged objects.
  For stars, the spectral type  limits may contain
just a single letter and a digit, e.g. F9.

1-6
              OBJECT CO-ORDINATES
  All objects can be displayed or mapped using one
of the following co-ordinate systems:
 * Equatorial: declination (à) and right ascension
   (ë)  (the latter in angle or time units)
 * Ecliptic: latitude (á) and longitude (Ä)
 * Galactic: latitude (b) and longitude (l)
 * Horizon: azimuth (A) and elevation (H).
  The horizon  system uses parameters entered pre-
viously via <Options|Set horizon frame>.
  The mode of right ascension display can be chan-
ged by clicking on <Options|Show RA as "hhmm">.
  The system used  in all textual output is chosen
from <List|Set list frame>.
2-1
                    STAR DATA
  In addition to co-ordinates,  the following data
is displayed in the star database window:
 * Catalog number:   YBS 0001 to YBS 9100,  with a
   "D" denoting multiple stars;
 * Greek/Numeric and constellation name, as EpsUma
 * Apparent (m) and absolute (M) magnitudes in the
   visual wavelength range;
 * The B-V color index;
 * Distance (d) in light years;
 * Harvard/Yerkes spectral/luminosity class, shown
   abbreviated  (the  full  version can be seen in
   the Full Star Data dialog).

2-2
             DEEP SKY OBJECT DATA
  In addition to co-ordinates,  the following data
is displayed in the DSO database window:
 * The NGC catalog number;
 * Object type (abbreviated to three letters):
       Gxy - galaxy
       Neb - nebula
       PlN - planetary nebula
       OCl - open cluster
       GCl - globular cluster
       NCl - cluster with nebular associacion
* Visual magnitude (approximate).


2-3
          DATA ON SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS
  The  Solar System Window  lists the co-ordinates
(in the current  list frame),  distances  from Sun
(rS) and Earth (rE), phases  (1.0 means full disc)
and visible magnitudes. Distances are in AU.
  The co-ordinates  of Moon are  corrected for the
parallax.
  This window,  accessible  via   <List|List Solar
System>,  does not  respond to  any  mouse  clicks
except scrolling.
2-4
                 THE MAP WINDOW
  This window is opened from the menu  by clicking
on  <Map|Draw grid>,  <Map|Draw stars>,  <Map|Draw
deep sky objects> or <Map|Draw Solar System>.
  If, when  this  happens,  the window  is already
open,  then the  specified class  of  objects will
be just added  to the map,  unless some parameters
describing the previous contents have been changed
(and "Map disabled"  warning is being shown).
  In the  latter case the window  will be redrawn,
including  the grid (if not disabled from <Map|Set
drawing mode>) and the requested objects.
  The number of the recently drawn objects is dis-
played as the window title.
2-5
                DRAWING A MAP
  The redrawing uses the most recently entered map
parameters. If these have not been changed, if the
object selection remains the same and if the given
class of  objects is  already mapped,  the  window
will be  just brought to the top, without drawing.
  If <Map|Selected only> is checked, then only the
objects selected  by the last select command  will
be included.  The map will then need to be redrawn
- until then  search and  identification  of stars
will be disabled.
  <Map|Set drawing mode>  changes  some of the map
drawing defaults  (grid on/off and spacing,  black
margin, magnitudes shown or not).
2-6
               MAP PARAMETERS - I
  Click on <Map|Set parameters> to set:
* PROJECTION: defines how the celestrial sphere is
  projected onto a plane.
* RANGE: from 60ø to 180ø across the map window,or
  Full, with the whole map fitting into the window
* PROJECTION FRAME: coordinate system in which the
  sky will be drawn.
* GRID FRAME: the reference system depicted by the
  grid (can be different than than the above).
* PROJECTION CENTER: in any reference frame. Chan-
  ging the frame will re-compute the values.   The
  last  marker  position can be chosen by clicking
  on [Last Mark] button.
3-1
               MAP PARAMETERS - II
  [Round] will round the center coordinates to the
nearest  whole numbers of grid steps (so it should
be used only after the map scale is selected).
  The map is NOT redrawn after  new parameters are
entered,  but only when  one of the <Map|Draw ...>
menu entries is used.
  The window info line will initially display the
projection information, which also can be recalled
at any time by clicking on <Map|Show parameters>.
  A double-click in the map will display the mouse
coordinates  in the  grid frame.  The same happens
for a single  click when no  object is found under
the mouse (see the next page).
3-2
              OBJECT IDENTIFICATION
  Clicking on an object  in the map  (or in the HR
plot)  will recall its brief data to the  window's
Info Line.  The object will  be marked, and <Find|
Show again> will display its full data (except for
Solar System objects).
  Only the first object (as currently sorted) at a
given pixel will be identified.   The Solar System
is scanned before DSOs and stars, so if a star and
a planet overlap, the planet will be recognized.
  Holding the Shift key when clicking on an object
will exclude Solar System from the search.
  The identified  star or DSO will be  highlighted
in its database window (if present there).
3-3
             FINDING AN OBJECT
  The <Find|Find...> menu entries allow  to search
for  various objects, identified as follows:
* Solar System objects: by name (or its beginning,
  like MA for Mars).
* DSOs: by catalog number.
* Stars: by number or by name.  In the latter case
  leaving one field  (symbol or constellation) em-
  pty  will find the first star matching the other
  field.  The others can be found with  <Find|Next
  matching star>.
The found object  will be highlighted  in its data
base and marked on the map (if on top).  It can be
redisplayed in full with <Find|Recall last...>
3-4
           HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSEL DIAGRAM
  This diagram is plotted as M vs. B-V. By default
M ranges from -10 to 10, and B-V - from -0.5 to 2.
If,  however,  M and/or B-V  limits are set in the
listing  (use <List|Select stars> to do it),  then
these limits will be imposed on the H-R plot, too.
  Stars included  into the H-R plot can be limited
to those drawn in the last map,  and to those lis-
ted in the database window;  these limitations are
toggled with <Plot|Mapped only> and <Plot|Selected
only> menu entries, respectively.
  Star identification and search are also possible
from the H-R diagram (see the preceding pages).

3-5
            DEFINING THE HORIZON FRAME
  Click on <Options|Set horizon frame> to set:
- Observer's co-ordinates  as ddømm' (minutes have
  to be entered as two digits even if they are ze-
  ros); negative values denote South and West.
- Observation  date as yyyy/mm/dd (valid years:
  1900..2100).
- Observation time (GMT) in Star 2000 is frozen at
  0:00  (this  affects  the  positions  of Sun and
  Moon, and, of course,  limits the  usefulness of
  the horizon reference frame). This limitation is
  lifted in the full version of Star Base.
Initially, the observer position is set to Washin-
gton, DC on 0:00 GMT, January 1, 2000.
3-6
               MEMORY MANAGEMENT
  If there is not enough memory  for all the data,
the program  will first  load  the planetary data,
then the stars and DSOs.
  The last data file may be truncated to  fit into
available memory,  so it is important to know that
stars  and DSOs  are stored on disk  starting from
the brightest.
4-1
                 FILE OPERATIONS
  These operations are not available in Star 2000.
  <File|Clear data> clears all stars and DSOs from
memory.  Then new data can be read from disk, with
an option to load just a part of the data set.
  The input filter is invoked from <File|Selective
read>. It allows to set magnitude limits for stars
and DSOs, and to select objects  within a circular
region.  Leaving a magnitude  field empty means no
VM cut-off, while the fields for region radius and
center coordinates should be either all left empty
or all filled.
  The <File|Read...> menu entries allow to load
stars and DSOs in any sequence.
4-2
            STAR 2000 VERSUS STAR BASE
* Star 2000  lists  2000  brightest stars  and 100
  deep sky objects; Star Base raises these numbers
  to 9096 (the full YBS Catalog) and 333; it also
  has data on comets and accepts optional (larger)
  data sets (see the previous page).
* Star Base  provides higher  map  magnifications:
  the smallest map range is 4ø (not just 60ø).
* The  Universal Time  in Star Base  can be set to
  any value (not being frozen to 0h00m).  Time and
  date can  be modified freely  (not just once for
  each program run).
* Of course,  Star Base  comes with a printed user
  manual and one update included in the $43 price.
4-3
           CONSTELLATIONS: And - CrB
 And     Andromeda        Cas     Cassiopeia
 Ant     Antlia           Cen     Centaurus
 Aps     Apus             Cep     Cepheus
 Aql     Aquila           Cet     Cetus
 Aqr     Aquarius         Cha     Chamaeleon
 Ara     Ara              Cir     Circinus
 Ari     Aries            CMa     Canis Major
 Aur     Auriga           CMi     Canis Minor
 Boo     Bootes           Cnc     Cancer
 Cae     Caelum           Col     Columba
 Cam     Camelopadus      Com     Coma Berenices
 Cap     Capricornus      CrA     Corona Australis
 Car     Carina           CrB     Corona Borealis
4-4
           CONSTELLATIONS: Crt - Lyr
 Crt     Crater           Her     Hercules
 Cru     Crux             Hor     Horologium
 Crv     Corvus           Hya     Hydra
 CVn     Canes Venatici   Hyi     Hydrus
 Cyg     Cygnus           Ind     Indus           
 Del     Delphinus        Lac     Lacerta
 Dor     Dorado           Leo     Leo
 Dra     Draco            Lep     Lepus
 Equ     Equuleus         Lib     Libra
 Eri     Eridanus         LMi     Leo Minor
 For     Fornax           Lup     Lupus
 Gem     Gemini           Lyn     Lynx
 Gru     Grus             Lyr     Lyra
4-5
           CONSTELLATIONS: Men - Tau
 Men     Mensa            PsA     Piscis Australis
 Mic     Microscopium     Psc     Pisces
 Mon     Monoceros        Pup     Puppis
 Mus     Musca            Pyx     Pyxis (Malus)
 Nor     Norma            Ret     Reticulum
 Oct     Octans           Scl     Sculptor
 Oph     Ophiuchus        Sco     Scorpius
 Ori     Orion            Sct     Scutum
 Pav     Pavo             Ser     Serpens
 Peg     Pegasus          Sex     Sextans
 Per     Perseus          Sge     Sagitta
 Phe     Phoenix          Sgr     Sagittarius
 Pic     Pictor           Tau     Taurus
4-6
           CONSTELLATIONS: Tel - Vul
 Tel     Telescopium      UMi     Ursa Minor
 TrA     Triang.Australe  Vel     Vela
 Tri     Triangulum       Vir     Virgo
 Tuc     Tucana           Vol     Volans
 UMa     Ursa Major       Vul     Vulpecula








5-1
       STAR NAMES: Acamar - Ankaa
Acamar        TheEri      Achernar      AlpEri
Acrab         BetSco      Acrux         AlpCru
Adhara        EpsCMa      Albireo       BetCyg
Alcaid        EtaUMa      Alcyone       EtaTau
Aldebaran     AlpTau      Alderamin     AlpCep
Algeiba       GamLeo      Algenib       GamPeg
Algol         BetPer      Alhena        GamGem
Alioth        EtaUma      Almak         GamAnd
Al Na'ir      AlpGru      Alnilam       EpsOri
Alphard       AlpHya      Alphecca      AlpCrB
Alpheratz     AlpAnd      Altair        AlpAql
Aludra        EtaCMa      Ankaa         AlpPhe

5-2
       STAR NAMES: Antares - Hadar
Antares       AlpSco      Arcturus      AlpBoo
Atria         AlpTrA      Avior         EpsCar
Betelgeuse    AlpOri      Bellatrix     GamOri
Canopus       AlpCar      Capella       AlpAur
Caph          BetCas      Castor        AlpGem
Cor Caroli    AlpCVn      Deneb         AlpCyg
Denebola      BetLeo      Diphda        BetCet
Dubhe         AlpUma      Dzuba         DelSco
Elnath        BetTau      Eltanin       GamDra
Enif          EpsPeg      Fomalhaut     AlpPsA
Gacrux        GamCru      Gienah        GamCrv
Gienar        EpsCyg      Hadar         BetCen

5-3
       STAR NAMES: Hamal - Ras-Alhague
Hamal         AlpAri      Izar          EpsBoo
Kaus Austr.   EpsSgr      Kochab        BetUma
Markab        AlpPeg      Menkalinan    BetAur
Menkent       TheCen      Merak         BetUMa
Miaplacidus   BetCar      Mimosa        BetCru
Mirach        BetAnd      Mirfak        AlpPer
Mirzam        BetCMa      Mizar         ZetUMa
Muhlifain     GamCen      Naos          ZetPup
Nunki         DelSgr      Peacock       AlpPav
Phact         AlpCol      Phecda        GamUMa
Polaris       AlpUmi      Pollux        BetGem
Procyon       AlpCMa      Ras-Alhague   AlpOph

5-4
       STAR NAMES: Regulus - Zubenelgenubi
Regulus       AlpLeo      Rigel         AlpOri
Rigil Kent    AlpCen      Ruchbach      DelCas
Sabik         EtaOph      Sadir         GamCyg
Scheat        BetPeg      Schedar       AlpCas
Scutulum      IotCar      Shaula        LamSco
Sheratan      BetAri      Sirius        AlpCMa
Spica         AlpVir      Suhail        LamVel
Vega          AlpLyr      Wezen         DelCMa
Zosma         DelLeo      Zubenelgenubi AlpLib




5-5
     SOME NAMES OF BRIGHTER DEEP SKY OBJECTS

2632 Praesepe               598 M33,Triangulum Gxy.
 224 M31,Gt.Andromeda Neb. 6705 Wild Duck Cluster
5139 Omega Centauri        6523 Hourglass Nebula
6523 Lagoon Nebula         6205 Gt.Hercules Clust.
2264 Christmas Tree Clust. 6611 Eagle Nebula
 104 47 Tucanae            6618 Omega Nebula
1976 Great Orion Nebula    6514 Trifid Nebula
4755 Jewel Box             7009 Saturn Nebula
6405 Butterfly Cluster      253 Sculptor Galaxy



5-6
                DEBONAIR SOFTWARE
  STAR BASE can be ordered directly from
         Debonair Software
         P.O.Box 521166
         Salt Lake City, UT 84152-1166
(Yes, we are the people who brought you El Cal!).
  The price of  $43  (checks or money orders only)
includes  one update and  shipping within the con-
tinental U.S. (others please add $5 extra).
  Technical correspondence on Star 2000 (problems,
questions, enhancement  suggestions  etc.)  can be
also sent electronically to the author:
         CompuServe: 70611,2552
         GEnie:      J.WROTNIAK



