Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from hogtown.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Sat, 1 Jun 91 01:26:07 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Sat, 1 Jun 91 01:25:49 -0400 (EDT) Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #582 SPACE Digest Volume 13 : Issue 582 Today's Topics: Gravity! What is Gravity? Try This! Letter To United Nations USF,Inc Oct90 Re: SPACE STATION FREEDOM WOUNDED Orbital Elements for Galileo Re: SPACE STATION FREEDOM WOUNDED Re: If no Freedom, what comes next? UNITED SPACE FEDERATION,INC. UPDATE 7 LOW LATITUDE AURORAL ACTIVITY WATCH Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription requests, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 17 May 91 05:14:02 GMT From: vax5.cit.cornell.edu!usf@cu-arpa.cs.cornell.edu Subject: Gravity! What is Gravity? Try This! Take two hollow metal balls, very thing skin, filled with liqwid mercury and place them suspended on a balance scale, one on each end, about 10 feet apart. Now take genarator with mega volts and conect the positive leed to one of the metal balls and the negitive leed to the other. Now place a very large resistor at the fulcrum of the scale. Now connect the metal balls on either end to the resistor at the fulcrum. It is important that the scales be insulated from the current going through the metal balls, also, the balls should be about three feet in dia. and should weigh exactly the same amount. Balance the scales out, making sure that the scale can move with very little resistance. When this is finished crank up the generator and watch what happens to the metal balls. Has any one ever taken a ballon and rubed it in your hair and placed it next to lots of little cut up pieces of paper. What happens to all the little pieces of paper?, they stick to the ballon. If Earth was like a big balloon in space, and was charged when it was formed it would have no way to discharge in the vaccume of space. Assume now that the Earth has a constent charge of massive proportions and that the heavy metals at the Earths core would pull all the lighter materials, dirt, sand, water, and me and you towards the center of the Earth. Much like the little pieces of paper, these lighter materials are drawm torwds the heavy core of the Earth, But the charge of Earth is many millions of times more powerful than the charge of the balloon. If you were to say take and reverse the charge of one of these particals, it would then repel away from the surface of the object it was previously attracted to! Charged particals also have established magnetic fields, and so does the Earth. For all you research buffs out there, have fun with this experiment! I think you might find its resaults very interesting!?! These comments are my own. Rick Newton was close when he said gravity was a constent force, but he never told what that force was. Maybe if had only known Ben Franklin! ------------------------------ Date: 17 May 91 08:42:58 GMT From: vax5.cit.cornell.edu!usf@cu-arpa.cs.cornell.edu Subject: Letter To United Nations USF,Inc Oct90 ****************************************************** * UNITED SPACE FEDERATIONS LETTER TO THE * * UNITED NATIONS * * SENT IN OCTOBER OF 1990 * ****************************************************** Farouk Mawlawi Chief NGO Section Department of Information United Nations New York, N.Y. 10017 In the United States of America Dear Mr. Malawi Thank you for the timely review of our material for association as an NGO with the United Nations. I think the U.N. must grow and become stronger in its ability to solve world conflicts, if humankind is to survive its technological teething and political growing pains. So it is with great honor and full commitment that our organization offers its support of the U.N. charter, the decisions of the security council and general assembly and the wishes of the secretary general and his administration in their capacity and service to the world community as embodied in the charter of the UNITED NATIONS. Furthermore, the UNITED SPACE FEDERATION, Inc. shall include information about the U.N., its activities and programs as sent to U.S.F., Inc. by the U.N., in our news letters, promotional materials and on our television programing, which will be reaching 260,000 people in the region of our headquarters in Tompkins County, N.Y.. Also because I believe so strongly in the U.N. and what it represents. I will see to it that a weekly one hour T.V. program totally dedicated to U.N. video presentations and high lighted general assembly meetings, will be aired by our organization on the local cable network. It will be an honor to be a part of the U.N., by educating people about its existence, purpose and programs , through our participation as an N.G.O. of the U.N.. Secondly, it is my hope that our organization can find favor and support from the U.N., as we further the ideals of our organization to create an international space agency, to undertake and promote peaceful space endeavors for the benefit of the peoples of the world community, through one UNITED SPACE FEDERATION! Thank you for your time and support, Godspeed! Sincerely, Rick R. Dobson Executive Director UNITED SPACE FEDERATION,Inc. ------------------------------ Date: 17 May 91 14:03:30 GMT From: swrinde!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!usc!hela!aws@ucsd.edu (Allen W. Sherzer) Subject: Re: SPACE STATION FREEDOM WOUNDED In article <1991May17.030841.9775@sequent.com> szabo@sequent.com writes: >>>NEWS FLASH! NEWS FLASH! Spending $120,000,000,000 will >>>REDUCE COSTS!!! Pictures at 11! >>I would >>say the computer and electronics industry has spent well over that >>much over the last 30 years to develop markets, processes, and products. >>I think has reduced costs. Don't you agree? >Boy, there is a _huge_ difference here. ... >Freedom is _one_ incredibly large expenditure,... Ah! We have a misunderstanding. I do not support Freedom and would like to see it killed. However, I was argueing about the ability of a good infrastructure to reduce costs. I agree that Freedom has nothing to do with good infrastructure. There is a middle ground between our current socialistic approach and total government non-involvement (nither of which will work IMHO). That is to have the government provide infrastructure to seed commercial development. This is what happened with railroads, airports, the highway system, and others. Allen -- +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Allen W. Sherzer | Allen's tactics are too tricky to deal with | | aws@iti.org | -- Harel Barzilai | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 17 May 91 10:38:22 EST From: Somers_PW <@BITNET.CC.CMU.EDU:Somers_PW@RMC.CA> Subject: Orbital Elements for Galileo Would someone be able to provide the orbital elements for Galileo. Specifically: 1. eccentricity 2. semi-major axis 3. inclination 4. mean anomaly 5. right ascension of ascending node 6. argument of perigee 7. epoch time 8. Epoch of coordinates (e.g. 1950.0, 2000.0) Thanks in advance. I imagine quite a few sci.space enthusiasts would also appreciate this info. SOMERS_PW@RMC.CA ------------------------------ Date: 17 May 91 20:44:19 GMT From: usc!jarthur!nntp-server.caltech.edu!news@apple.com (Steinn Sigurdsson) Subject: Re: SPACE STATION FREEDOM WOUNDED In article <1991May17.061311.29286@agate.berkeley.edu>, gwh@tornado (George William Herbert) writes: >In article <1991May17.015234.1059@nntp-server.caltech.edu> steinly@groucho.tapir.Caltech.EDU (Steinn Sigurdsson) writes: >> I am curious about this. Does anyone know just how much >>bandwidth is needed to run a half-useful space station remotely? > >How much bandwidth is an Astronaut to splice some cables in mission-critical >electronics? > Well, a single radio link is sufficient most of the time, say 20 kHz? If you want a video signal so a ground controller can watch if s/he splices the red to the green or vica versa it becomes a couple of MHz. The question is, if most of space industry and science is to be done by teleoperation, then you must either have a clever local control (eg astronaut or space certified AI), or a very large bandwidth channel to control remotely. Which means a high-frequency carrier line-of-sight relays. The obvious answer would be a new net of super TDRSS's. How much would they cost, and what would the various scenarios for space development require in terms of bandwidth? At what point is it cost effective to put a trained PhD in EE in place, including life support. What is the redundancy and reliability of the available AI (or projected AI)? Teleoperation and AI was not feasible for the Apollo program. A number of people insist it is the way to go now, but I have not seen any hard numbers on the feasibility, and I do not know enough to make more then a order of magnitude estimate myself. I understand the principle, but am dubious about the practise. ------------------------------ Date: 17 May 91 06:05:14 GMT From: stanford.edu!agate!tornado.Berkeley.EDU!gwh@decwrl.dec.com (George William Herbert) Subject: Re: If no Freedom, what comes next? In article <1991May17.031141.15592@agate.berkeley.edu> fcrary@lightning.Berkeley.EDU (Frank Crary) writes: >I don't think a NASP Derived Vehicle will be able to lift 10 tonnes. 5 might >be a better guess (at this point, guessing on the low side would be good.) >5 tonne elements could make assembly a real pain. While a NDV would be >a good way to transport the crew, and possible to resupply. The actual >structural elements would be better launched on a larger platform. (say >a Titan IV.) 20,000 lbs was the figure quoted in the last AvWeek article on NASP/NDV I saw. (At least I think it was AW). Besides, even if i'm wrong and there was a 50% loss of weight effeciency due to downsizing to 5 ton modules, it would STILL be cheaper to fly them on NDV, by more than an order of magnitude. You can fly (ignoring vehicle amortization) 30-100 NDV flights (at given OTA & contractor flight cost estimates) per Titan. (boy will I look dumb if the X-30 fails to work or costs 10 times as much as we think to run... 8-P ) -george william herbert gwh@ocf.berkeley.edu ------------------------------ Date: 17 May 91 02:25:03 GMT From: vax5.cit.cornell.edu!usf@cu-arpa.cs.cornell.edu Subject: UNITED SPACE FEDERATION,INC. UPDATE 7 ******************************************************** * UNITED SPACE FEDERATION UPDATE, 16th of MAY 1991 * ******************************************************** *An International (Multinational) Civil Space Agency * * By 1993 * ******************************************************** FORWARD Greetings, from the Founder of the United Space Federation,Inc., International Headquarters in Ithaca, N.Y., USA. I am glad to see that other people around the world have heard about this historical event to further the peaceful purposes of space exploration and the opening of the new frontier for strictly civilian related scientific, industrial, commercial and noncommercial activities and endeavors. This Organization is now attempting to establish an international civil space agency that would be tasked with doing just this, and if we succeed,.this will be the beginning of a truly new and exciting era of space exploration and conquest, unlike anything attempted before. The only other organization in the world today that could be compared to such an organization as the United Space Federation, would be the United Nations. An international civil space agency would not replace or compete with other space agencies around the world, but strengthen and unify them. The personnel and facilities of such an organization would belong to humanity and represent the interests of all the Nations of the world "Earth". Such large scale International Projects like (Earth) Moon Bases, Mars Missions, Mars Bases, and other very large international space projects, would be controlled, operated, and overseen by such an organization. The benefits of this type of symbiotic relationship between Nations through a Neutral International Organization ( or international space organization ), will be astronomical. No one country alone could accomplish or maintain such projects without major costs to their citizens and the economies of those Nations. If you will, imagine a superhighway into a wild wilderness full of existing possibilities. It is built and maintained by an independent contractor whose only responsibility is to that highway. The cost of building this highway is covered by individuals who wish to use it, but would not have been able to accomplish this feat alone. To use this highway there is a standard toll charge, which is used to operate and maintain it by the independent contractor. There would be certain rules established for those who use this highway, such as no military vehicles allowed! These rules would be agreed upon by the many individuals involved in construction of this highway, and then forwarded to the independent contractor to enforce. This is a general description of how the U.S.F. will be setup and operated, although in reality it most definitely is going to be far more complicated. This dream and vision is gaining much support from around the world, so I believe it could become reality within three years! Our goal is to have an operating international headquarters and staff, and to be a recognized international organization within three years. This organization I feel is an idea whose time has come. Anyone who would like to be part of this grand adventure and would like to assist in any way or would like more information about the U.S.F. , are welcome to write. It is also my personal dream to see an International industrial and scientific research Moon facility under construction within eight years, and an Internationally built and manned solar cruiser agreed upon and under development on the historic and symbolic date of January 1st, 2000. Space, our solar system, the universe around us and all there vast resources, endless opportunities and exciting challenges, are there waiting for us. This new frontier and all it has to offer, is now more accessible to humankind than ever before. The benefits of a focused and cooperative international civil space exploratory and research program, will offer a peaceful and constructive path for the industrial nations, as well as the developing nations far into the next century. The resulting benefits to, and advancement of, science, industry, and world commerce will be astounding. Like the Wright Brothers' first flight at KittyHawk, this will be the beginning of great things to come, and will offer many new solutions to world's environmental, social, political, economic and numerous other critical problems facing humankind at the doorstep of the 21st century. Thank You for your time and support, GodSpeed! Sincerely, Rick R. Dobson Founder and Executive Director UNITED SPACE FEDERATION, INC. Address: UNITED SPACE FEDERATION, INC. International Headquarters P.O. Box 4722 Ithaca, New York 14852-4722 In the United States of America E-Mail: BITNET: USF@CRNLVAX5.BITNET USF@CORNELLA.BITNET INTERNET: USF@CORNELLA.CIT.CORNELL.EDU USF@VAX5.CIT.CORNELL.EDU ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 17 May 91 02:52:48 MDT From: oler <@BITNET.CC.CMU.EDU:oler@HG.ULeth.CA> (CARY OLER) Subject: LOW LATITUDE AURORAL ACTIVITY WATCH X-St-Vmsmail-To: st%"space+@andrew.cmu.edu" /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ LOW LATITUDE AURORAL ACTIVITY WATCH 18 MAY - 19 MAY /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ ATTENTION: A Low Latitude Auroral Activity Watch has been issued for the areas from the central middle latitudes to the northerly low latitudes (see the approximate boundaries below). The major class M8.9/2B flare of 16 May had all of the major requirements for producing a major geomagnetic and auroral storm. However, it was not particularly well placed and was not associated with any proton arrivals here at Earth as was earlier expected. There is some uncertainty regarding the possible intensity of terrestrial impacts from this event. We currently believe the impact will likely be low to moderate, with active to minor storming possible over the middle and high latitudes. But there is a small concern that a stronger impact might occur. As a result, this Low Latitude Auroral Activity Watch has been issued in case the impact is stronger than expected. There is a slight chance that geophysical activity could become strong enough to be observed over the southerly middle and low latitude regions on the local evening of 18 and possibly 19 May (after the moon sets). Please note that if the forecasts are correct, auroral activity will not be observed at these lower latitudes. However, the risk is sufficient to warrant this Watch. NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE High latitudes >= 55 deg. N. | High latitudes >= 55 deg. S. Middle latitudes >= 40 < 55 deg. N. | Middle latitudes >= 35 < 55 deg. S. Low latitudes < 40 deg. N. | Low latitudes < 35 deg. S. ** End of Watch ** ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V13 #582 *******************