Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from hogtown.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Mon, 18 Feb 91 01:50:07 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Mon, 18 Feb 91 01:50:00 -0500 (EST) Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #171 SPACE Digest Volume 13 : Issue 171 Today's Topics: NASA Prediction Bulletins, Part 1 Magellan Update - 02/07/91 Re: Liquid SCUBA Re: 30 foot telescopes Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription requests, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 17 Feb 91 21:16:00 GMT From: ncis.tis.llnl.gov!blackbird.afit.af.mil!news@lll-winken.llnl.gov (TS Kelso) Subject: NASA Prediction Bulletins, Part 1 The most current orbital elements from the NASA Prediction Bulletins are carried on the Celestial BBS, (513) 427-0674, and are updated several times weekly. Documentation and tracking software are also available on this system. As a service to the satellite user community, the most current of these elements are uploaded weekly to sci.space. This week's elements are provided below. The Celestial BBS may be accessed 24 hours/day at 300, 1200, or 2400 baud using 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity. - Current NASA Prediction Bulletins #810a - Alouette 1 1 00424U 62B-A 1 91 38.50840181 .00000242 00000-0 27943-3 0 3831 2 00424 80.4631 54.0707 0024322 30.6547 329.6009 13.67451727414859 ATS 3 1 03029U 67111 A 91 30.98589074 -.00000075 00000-0 99999-4 0 4990 2 03029 13.4809 19.2882 0015951 218.6535 141.2597 1.00272405 85072 Cosmos 398 1 04966U 71 16 A 91 46.25743827 .00055406 19154-4 29448-3 0 3918 2 04966 51.5348 330.4341 2103340 259.5019 76.3626 11.42359809619014 Starlette 1 07646U 75010 A 91 36.17770379 -.00000011 00000-0 39064-4 0 1920 2 07646 49.8274 319.1466 0206802 240.6069 117.4034 13.82149331808005 LAGEOS 1 08820U 76039 A 91 35.95995117 .00000006 00000-0 99999-4 0 1882 2 08820 109.8482 74.8743 0044466 189.0958 170.9000 6.38664315 88802 GOES 2 1 10061U 77048 A 91 32.96966637 -.00000259 00000-0 99999-4 0 5566 2 10061 8.5292 60.3601 0004622 31.1346 329.5077 1.00282597 51311 IUE 1 10637U 78012 A 91 37.09256551 -.00000184 00000-0 79862-4 0 1989 2 10637 32.6772 115.1268 1415248 359.6790 0.2838 1.00303982 8818 GPS-0001 1 10684U 91 41.27402228 0.00000005 10000-3 0 5951 2 10684 63.8472 82.1937 0124939 198.7394 160.8708 2.00554445 80625 GPS-0002 1 10893U 91 40.27222354 -.00000022 10000-3 0 3095 2 10893 64.2844 323.0827 0170569 23.4172 337.3723 2.00536492 93420 GOES 3 1 10953U 78062 A 91 36.29317434 .00000094 00000-0 99999-4 0 389 2 10953 7.5090 63.6351 0005277 128.1234 232.0035 1.00262826 7253 SeaSat 1 1 10967U 78064 A 91 39.13790541 .00001277 00000-0 47987-3 0 4608 2 10967 108.0304 87.3474 0004358 227.5833 132.4941 14.36187024660321 GPS-0003 1 11054U 78093 A 91 43.01728988 -.00000021 00000-0 99999-4 0 3478 2 11054 63.7998 319.1581 0062863 117.2424 243.3641 2.00571289 90498 Nimbus 7 1 11080U 78098 A 91 38.21107624 .00000155 00000-0 17012-3 0 7315 2 11080 99.1835 302.6033 0008803 172.8487 187.2797 13.83498449620530 GPS-0004 1 11141U 91 42.13968452 0.00000004 10000-3 0 1193 2 11141 63.8337 82.0470 0061201 311.4681 48.0518 2.00548220 89179 GPS-0005 1 11690U 80 11 A 91 37.29252999 .00000006 00000-0 99999-4 0 945 2 11690 64.3103 84.4280 0121940 202.7513 156.7679 2.00553025 94937 GPS-0006 1 11783U 80 32 A 91 43.07670851 -.00000022 00000-0 99999-4 0 3509 2 11783 63.5910 318.6561 0154527 58.5165 303.0594 2.00568087 79130 GOES 5 1 12472U 81049 A 91 46.17478572 .00000117 00000-0 99999-4 0 459 2 12472 4.0739 72.7414 0003072 264.4444 95.8087 1.00232325 34660 SME 1 12887U 81100 A 91 39.11242720 .00298812 00000-0 94075-3 0 1155 2 12887 97.5863 110.3078 0003890 237.1524 122.9071 15.90649776518156 Cosmos 1383 1 13301U 82 66 A 91 38.20154361 .00000154 00000-0 16970-3 0 6840 2 13301 82.9324 128.5515 0026033 234.0541 125.8201 13.67877789429803 LandSat 4 1 13367U 82 72 A 91 39.21016107 .00000572 00000-0 13670-3 0 6675 2 13367 98.1356 101.6966 0004351 107.6065 252.5611 14.57165781455675 IRAS 1 13777U 83 4 A 91 44.54048980 .00000211 00000-0 17019-3 0 8990 2 13777 99.0138 242.4746 0013548 82.4083 277.8643 13.98875166 80685 Cosmos 1447 1 13916U 83 21 A 91 35.99295632 .00000185 00000-0 18437-3 0 7793 2 13916 82.9400 199.9309 0036369 211.5437 148.3564 13.74096288394640 TDRS 1 1 13969U 83 26 B 91 40.26619069 .00000126 00000-0 99999-4 0 2632 2 13969 5.0460 63.6719 0002668 293.0312 67.0714 1.00270296 1721 GOES 6 1 14050U 83 41 A 91 46.18321520 .00000112 00000-0 99999-4 0 3669 2 14050 2.8439 75.0774 0002370 333.2737 27.1540 1.00287396 575 OSCAR 10 1 14129U 83 58 B 91 33.73676974 .00000005 00000-0 99999-4 0 6357 2 14129 25.9197 162.4090 5980697 213.9903 86.8948 2.05880381 29486 GPS-0008 1 14189U 83 72 A 91 42.01096248 .00000003 00000-0 99999-4 0 8978 2 14189 63.4873 80.3809 0144648 224.0964 134.8167 2.00568944 55556 LandSat 5 1 14780U 84 21 A 91 39.17389684 .00000428 00000-0 99999-4 0 5183 2 14780 98.2531 101.0003 0003265 93.5959 266.5554 14.57086581369085 UoSat 2 1 14781U 84 21 B 91 44.60585790 .00002542 00000-0 46967-3 0 9161 2 14781 97.9189 93.9319 0011234 202.2724 157.7947 14.66210085371330 GPS-0009 1 15039U 84 59 A 91 41.68497861 .00000003 00000-0 99999-4 0 1644 2 15039 63.2123 79.5268 0025490 231.1921 128.6564 2.00566231 48822 Cosmos 1574 1 15055U 84 62 A 91 36.99367330 .00000221 00000-0 22541-3 0 268 2 15055 82.9550 249.9447 0028810 34.5662 325.7361 13.73408925332165 GPS-0010 1 15271U 84 97 A 91 42.12800116 -.00000022 00000-0 99999-4 0 28 2 15271 63.0910 318.1268 0111953 330.7384 28.6761 2.00563217 45942 Cosmos 1602 1 15331U 84105 A 91 38.29569497 .00006277 00000-0 83645-3 0 4708 2 15331 82.5395 142.8385 0021149 284.7282 75.1441 14.79363824342837 NOAA 9 1 15427U 84123 A 91 45.34718728 .00000637 00000-0 36332-3 0 7024 2 15427 99.1734 55.9071 0015995 51.4752 308.7851 14.12817483318175 GPS-0011 1 16129U 85 93 A 91 42.34590421 .00000004 00000-0 99999-4 0 7258 2 16129 64.0075 80.6722 0123391 148.2106 212.6198 2.00564368 39150 Mir 1 16609U 86 17 A 91 46.52305979 .00044043 00000-0 43853-3 0 2639 2 16609 51.6077 184.0600 0023815 243.6484 116.2261 15.64878844286111 SPOT 1 1 16613U 86 19 A 91 37.07331107 -.00000352 00000-0 -15683-3 0 2365 2 16613 98.7081 113.2039 0000397 188.1779 171.8782 14.20044398 97129 Cosmos 1766 1 16881U 86 55 A 91 46.42350392 .00000749 00000-0 99999-4 0 3113 2 16881 82.5207 194.0340 0020540 275.4226 84.4738 14.78825204245084 EGP 1 16908U 86 61 A 91 36.31502153 -.00000025 00000-0 99999-4 0 3388 2 16908 50.0137 259.3075 0011834 67.6801 292.5279 12.44392436203883 NOAA 10 1 16969U 86 73 A 91 45.37774576 .00000800 00000-0 36539-3 0 5498 2 16969 98.5778 72.6526 0012427 288.4727 71.5100 14.23903291229077 MOS-1 1 17527U 87 18 A 91 41.21455720 .00000498 00000-0 39526-3 0 7499 2 17527 99.0849 115.4197 0000296 143.8701 216.2481 13.94881078202447 GOES 7 1 17561U 87 22 A 91 44.90042722 -.00000046 00000-0 99999-4 0 7250 2 17561 0.0652 260.3920 0002692 110.0643 349.5238 1.00276120 7999 Kvant-1 1 17845U 87 30 A 91 46.01212897 .00077863 00000-0 76800-3 0 4746 2 17845 51.5990 186.6554 0024558 239.2088 120.4306 15.64851731220761 DMSP B5D2-3 1 18123U 87 53 A 91 39.22405415 .00000173 00000-0 99999-4 0 8475 2 18123 98.8124 231.6594 0015490 72.6694 287.6173 14.14324101187766 RS-10/11 1 18129U 87 54 A 91 46.06719682 .00000188 00000-0 19510-3 0 5255 2 18129 82.9312 149.0934 0012344 159.0111 201.1617 13.72146279182843 Meteor 2-16 1 18312U 87 68 A 91 38.12203007 .00000357 00000-0 31317-3 0 6035 2 18312 82.5568 104.1014 0011423 321.8325 38.2037 13.83731862175476 Meteor 2-17 1 18820U 88 5 A 91 40.33153583 .00000414 00000-0 36074-3 0 4510 2 18820 82.5466 161.9410 0017430 22.8229 337.3693 13.84422941152992 DMSP B5D2-4 1 18822U 88 6 A 91 39.19788387 .00001077 00000-0 50696-3 0 7853 2 18822 98.6138 277.9580 0005992 316.3942 43.6761 14.21749435156356 Glonass 34 1 19163U 88 43 A 91 38.24508738 .00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 1590 2 19163 64.9190 151.2881 0007180 186.8548 173.1367 2.13102543 21151 Glonass 36 1 19165U 88 43 C 91 38.30203559 .00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 1626 2 19165 64.9010 151.2850 0003794 337.0632 22.9223 2.13102842 21155 AO-13 1 19216U 88 51 B 91 32.13316424 .00000004 00000-0 99999-4 0 2367 2 19216 56.8337 112.6755 7116426 246.2331 27.6333 2.09698990 20208 OKEAN 1 1 19274U 88 56 A 91 39.07950804 .00002410 00000-0 32893-3 0 441 2 19274 82.5186 299.6003 0023458 73.6240 286.7568 14.78102566139755 Meteor 3-2 1 19336U 88 64 A 91 38.10766476 .00000043 00000-0 99190-4 0 7050 2 19336 82.5438 111.2438 0018573 86.0906 274.2332 13.16910977121873 Glonass 39 1 19503U 88 85 C 91 38.32176001 -.00000017 00000-0 99999-4 0 784 2 19503 65.4247 30.6718 0005799 206.0940 153.8939 2.13103358 18647 NOAA 11 1 19531U 88 89 A 91 45.34063825 .00000809 00000-0 46313-3 0 4567 2 19531 99.0153 359.3348 0011589 326.7590 33.2851 14.11911741123131 TDRS 2 1 19548U 88 91 B 91 26.13719519 .00000113 00000-0 99999-4 0 2321 2 19548 0.6690 81.0920 0003301 200.8851 77.9453 1.00274228 7155 Glonass 40 1 19749U 89 1 A 91 38.36295994 .00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 8604 2 19749 64.8634 150.9457 0005743 271.9981 87.9417 2.13101838 16178 Glonass 41 1 19750U 89 1 B 91 38.42113178 .00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 9179 2 19750 64.8845 150.9696 0005281 246.7965 113.1484 2.13102188 16173 GPS BII-01 1 19802U 89 13 A 91 45.21188952 .00000017 00000-0 99999-4 0 2301 2 19802 55.0406 187.8726 0051581 162.6080 197.5246 2.00556782 14604 Akebono 1 19822U 89 16 A 91 38.31754183 .00036205 00000-0 24175-2 0 9244 2 19822 75.0796 122.6266 4115458 70.2490 328.9580 7.22185607 16676 Meteor 2-18 1 19851U 89 18 A 91 38.12440040 .00000115 00000-0 97659-4 0 4033 2 19851 82.5170 41.2704 0016193 69.2222 291.0671 13.84054453 98066 MOP-1 1 19876U 89 20 B 91 41.79999999 .00000027 00000-0 99999-4 0 1793 2 19876 0.2462 49.1820 0001250 299.0860 80.6790 1.00267173 3058 TDRS 3 1 19883U 89 21 B 91 26.76472238 -.00000235 00000-0 99999-4 0 2292 2 19883 0.6920 81.5925 0001639 239.0287 39.2753 1.00276913 77134 GPS BII-02 1 20061U 89 44 A 91 14.12991735 -.00000034 00000-0 99999-4 0 2323 2 20061 54.8519 7.2546 0089983 183.1245 176.8410 2.00566408 11727 Nadezhda 1 1 20103U 89 50 A 91 36.62913276 .00000154 00000-0 15237-3 0 3000 2 20103 82.9619 112.9431 0038658 106.5949 253.9465 13.73643902 79769 GPS BII-03 1 20185U 89 64 A 91 44.88182082 .00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 1750 2 20185 54.8961 188.6993 0021432 163.3888 196.6298 2.00568572 10911 GPS BII-04 1 20302U 89 85 A 91 41.91577973 -.00000024 00000-0 99999-4 0 1785 2 20302 54.4598 307.3315 0032510 329.9999 29.8633 2.00556091 9656 Meteor 3-3 1 20305U 89 86 A 91 38.09015369 .00000043 00000-0 99999-4 0 3186 2 20305 82.5485 52.3259 0017416 101.3785 258.9289 13.15938523 61846 COBE 1 20322U 89 89 A 91 42.56293736 .00000130 00000-0 10717-3 0 2491 2 20322 99.0236 55.5962 0009985 64.4841 295.7346 14.02964245 63057 Kvant-2 1 20335U 89 93 A 91 45.94831825 .00026918 00000-0 27124-3 0 5734 2 20335 51.6048 186.9720 0024312 238.4208 121.5073 15.64822034 69684 GPS BII-05 1 20361U 89 97 A 91 43.92484162 .00000013 00000-0 99999-4 0 1263 2 20361 55.0077 130.8098 0063962 59.4393 301.2283 2.00584757 8551 SPOT 2 1 20436U 90 5 A 91 37.03795856 .00001226 00000-0 59317-3 0 4761 2 20436 98.7112 113.2452 0001051 90.4571 269.6694 14.20052742 53935 UO-14 1 20437U 90 5 B 91 44.71303883 .00000713 00000-0 29806-3 0 3028 2 20437 98.6767 124.8795 0011205 166.0387 194.1068 14.28892436 55351 UO-15 1 20438U 91 38.69320902 0.00000663 28056-3 0 1887 2 20438 98.6815 118.8203 0009936 184.1364 175.9744 14.28544843 54484 -- Dr TS Kelso Assistant Professor of Space Operations tkelso@blackbird.afit.af.mil Air Force Institute of Technology ------------------------------ Date: 7 Feb 91 20:10:16 GMT From: att!linac!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!sdd.hp.com!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!jato!mars.jpl.nasa.gov!baalke@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU (Ron Baalke) Subject: Magellan Update - 02/07/91 MAGELLAN STATUS REPORT February 7, 1991 The Magellan spacecraft is performing as expected. All STARCALS (star calibrations) and DESATS (desaturations) of the past 24 hours were successful. The spacecraft is now in its 958th mapping orbit and the radar system performance is nominal. Temperatures of spacecraft subsystems continue to be the focus of mission controllers. The geometry of Magellan's orbit about Venus and its position relative to the sun during mapping and playback were expected to produce higher temperatures during the this part of the prime mission and extending into the extended mission cycle. Anticipating these higher temperatures, two strategies were developed. One strategy, called "Flip Flop," controls the temperatures by turning the opposite side of the spacecraft to the sun during the second playback period. The timing of the mapping pass and playback periods would be unchanged. The disadvantage of this approach is that spacecraft parts would be subjected to more thermal cycles. If used, the Flip Flop strategy would be implemented starting with the April 9 command load, and continuing until April 30, then switching to the second strategy. The second strategy, called "Two Hide," controls spacecraft temperatures by including two periods in each orbit when the equipment bays would "hide" in the shade of the High Gain Antenna. This strategy would require a shortening of the mapping pass and playback periods similar to the strategy during occulted mapping. This strategy would be used from the April 30 command load until the July 23 load. Using both strategies is a severe challenge to the sequence planners since command sequences are started at least six weeks before the date of the command upload. At the Spacecraft Technical Interchange Meeting in Denver last week, predicted spacecraft temperatures for this transition period were presented, and the pros and cons of the two strategies discussed. Based on this discussion, the Mission Director, Jim Scott, decided to stay with the nominal mapping sequence thru April 16, then go directly to the "Two Hide" strategy for the mapping loads for the next 14 weeks. ___ _____ ___ /_ /| /____/ \ /_ /| Ron Baalke | baalke@mars.jpl.nasa.gov | | | | __ \ /| | | | Jet Propulsion Lab | ___| | | | |__) |/ | | |___ M/S 301-355 | It's 10PM, do you know /___| | | | ___/ | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | where your spacecraft is? |_____|/ |_|/ |_____|/ | We do! ------------------------------ Date: 7 Feb 91 22:15:43 GMT From: att!linac!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!swrinde!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!jpl-devvax!jenkins@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU (Steve Jenkins) Subject: Re: Liquid SCUBA In article dlbres10@pc.usl.edu (Fraering Philip) writes: >In article <1991Feb4.173100.1@happy.colorado.edu> sesharp@happy.colorado.edu writes: > >>[....] Premature babies often die >>of collapsed lungs because they don't produce sufficient surfactants to >>hold them open against surface tension. > >Could you reference the study please? > >I'm not questioning the truth of this, I'm curious because I was a premature >baby. (The only time in my life I was early, and it just about killed me). A slight clarification. The lungs are prevented from collapse by adhesion to the chest wall (like wet glass plates stuck together). Separation of the two (by injury, perhaps) is called 'pneumothorax' and will cause even normal lungs to collapse. It is life-threatening. Premature infants are at risk because their underdeveloped lungs are uncompliant for lack of pulmonary surfactant. Their lungs don't collapse, they just don't distend (under normal ventilatory pressures) sufficiently to allow adequate oxygenation. Standard plug: if you're interested in breathing (who isn't :-)), John B. West's little book "Respiratory Physiology: the essentials" is a good reference. Williams & Wilkins is the publisher, I think. There is also a mention of this particular problem (complete with Shakespearean quote) in Brian Whipp's chapter of Gordon Ross's physiology textbook. Can't remember the name, something catchy like "Human Physiology". -- Steve Jenkins N6UNI jenkins@jpl-devvax.jpl.nasa.gov Caltech/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (818) 354-0162 ------------------------------ Date: 17 Feb 91 19:24:24 GMT From: pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!linac!uwm.edu!spool.mu.edu!news.cs.indiana.edu!ariel.unm.edu!hydra.unm.edu!carls@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Bruce Carlson) Subject: Re: 30 foot telescopes The mirrors on large telescopes are now made of ceramic not glass and it is possible to build a 30m telescope on earth but it would have to be segmented like the Keck telescope and even then it would be an engineer's nightmare. Also a mirror that size would be a bear to point in orbit (better to put it on the moon). ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V13 #171 *******************