Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from beak.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Mon, 7 Jan 1991 00:27:04 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Mon, 7 Jan 1991 00:26:30 -0500 (EST) Subject: SPACE Digest V13 #011 SPACE Digest Volume 13 : Issue 11 Today's Topics: Re: Air pressure questions (A human being in vacume) Re: Translunar/interplanetary shuttle? Recent Newsstand Magazine Articles Re: You can help clear cloud over MIR SWEERSTAKES. Re: Interstellar travel Re: HST images via anonFTP and SPAN/HEPnet Re: Interstellar travel Re: Air pressure questions (A human being in vacume) Heat Transfer Fomulas Wanted Re: News from FLIGHT International * SpaceNews 31-Dec-90 * Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription requests, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 28 Dec 90 23:02:51 GMT From: brody@eos.arc.nasa.gov (Adam R. Brody) Organization: NASA Ames Research Center, California Subject: Re: Air pressure questions (A human being in vacume) References: <1990Dec11.111010.22953@unicorn.cc.wwu.edu>, <1990Dec28.212625.10995@zoo.toronto.edu> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu Were Mercury and Gemini over pressurized with pure Oxygen as well? If so, were they just lucky to not have fires? If not, why not? ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 28 Dec 90 21:39:02 GMT From: usc!cs.utexas.edu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!utzoo!henry@ucsd.edu (Henry Spencer) Organization: U of Toronto Zoology Subject: Re: Translunar/interplanetary shuttle? References: <8970@fmeed1.UUCP>, <50123@eerie.acsu.Buffalo.EDU>, <9021@fmeed1.UUCP> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu In article <9021@fmeed1.UUCP> russ@m-net.ann-arbor.mi.us (Russ Cage) writes: >3.) Probably not. Among other things, the Shuttle is not > safe to use for transporting liquid fuels, so loads > of fuel must go up on expendables... Only if you insist on using cryogenics. NASA is still happy to ship large quantities of hypergolics in the cargo bay, oddly enough. (Well, actually, it's not odd at all, given that the prohibition on cryogenics is basically irrational.) -- "The average pointer, statistically, |Henry Spencer at U of Toronto Zoology points somewhere in X." -Hugh Redelmeier| henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 27 Dec 90 11:56:26 GMT From: van-bc!rsoft!mindlink!a752@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU (Bruce Dunn) Organization: MIND LINK! - British Columbia, Canada Subject: Recent Newsstand Magazine Articles Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu The December issue of Omni contains a large fold-out poster which is a map of the earth marked with the position of 46 major satellites in geosynchronous orbit. Around the map are thumbnail descriptions of each satellite such as " #19 ANIK C1 - SENT ALOFT IN: 1985 DIES IN: 1995 TRANSPONDERS: 16 OPERATOR: Telesat Canada PURPOSE: Telecommunications links for Canada". The poster also includes small pictures of about half of the satellites. The January issue of Popular Science has an article "Soviet Space Odyssey". The text results from a visit to the USSR in the summer of 1990 by a group of US VIPs who were given fairly extensive access to facilities. There are a number of good color photos of Soviet hardware (Soyuz launch, EVA maneuvering unit with strapped in astronaut, Mir mockup underwater, Voskhod capsule showing three crammed couches, Soyuz external view, Vostok vehicle, gantry for Proton launches, Buran in launch position). Most useful is a full page color diagram of Mir, annotated to indicate the location of important equipment. I personally will be keeping this diagram near my computer so that I can understand net discussions of Mir hardware! -- Bruce Dunn Vancouver, Canada a752@mindlink.UUCP ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 28 Dec 90 20:20:50 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!wuarchive!emory!wa4mei!ke4zv!gary@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Gary Coffman) Organization: Gannett Technologies Group Subject: Re: You can help clear cloud over MIR SWEERSTAKES. References: <8093.2779956e@jetson.uh.edu>, <15403@ogicse.ogi.edu> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu In article <15403@ogicse.ogi.edu> borasky@ogicse.ogi.edu (M. Edward Borasky) writes: >Let me get this straight -- someone is selling tickets to a drawing? >The winner gets a trip into space, and the sponsor of the lottery gets >the difference between what the trip cost and the total ticket revenues? >And the local DA thinks this is a ripoff and is bringing action against >the lottery? And someone wants ME to call the DA up, and tell him I >DON'T think it's a ripoff -- please back off and let the sweepstakes >proceed? > >Well, Buster, I DO think it's a ripoff! If I were a Texan I'd call the >DA up and give him all the encouragement I could. And if anybody tries >a scam like that here in Oregon, I'd go after petition signatures if >I had to! Temper. Temper. If this lottery really results in an ordinary American civilian actually going to Mir, the attendant publicity could result in the biggest boost to the American space program since Sputnik. Frankly I don't care if the organizers make a mint or lose their shirts. I don't care if a lot of people waste $3 calling the number. I do care that this may be the last chance in a long time to wake up the American public to the stretch out, phase out, give up, being planned for the US space program while the Soviet program plods ahead with a real permanent presence in space. Gary ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 29 Dec 90 03:24:08 GMT From: pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!wuarchive!cs.utexas.edu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!utzoo!henry@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Henry Spencer) Organization: U of Toronto Zoology Subject: Re: Interstellar travel References: <9012131704.AA08545@hermes.intel.com>, <1686@ke4zv.UUCP> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu In article <1686@ke4zv.UUCP> gary@ke4zv.UUCP (Gary Coffman) writes: >I seem to recall reading that there is some fundamental problem with the >Bussard Ramjet idea and that the thing can't work... Setting aside the mythical "ramjet speed limit", there are two or three big, nasty problems with the Bussard ramjet: 1. Fusion of ordinary hydrogen is very slow, and there is no obvious way to make it fast. You can sort of get around this by using it as reaction mass with a different energy source, e.g. antimatter. One very interesting notion is the possibility (rather faint, alas) that magnetic monopoles might exist and might catalyze proton decay. 2. The inverse-square law demands humongous magnetic field intensities at the ship to get useful intensities at very long distances (interstellar gas is thin and a ramscoop must be big). Internal repulsion within the field coils will try to tear them apart, and the structural strength needed to hold them together is pushing fundamental limits on the strengths of materials. 3. Interstellar gas is not very ionized, and something might have to be done to ionize it before you could get a useful grip on it with a magnetic field, and doing that at reasonable energy cost is hard. None of these is such an obvious derivative of the basic laws of physics that one can authoritatively state that there is no way around it, although number 1 is going to be a toughie. -- "The average pointer, statistically, |Henry Spencer at U of Toronto Zoology points somewhere in X." -Hugh Redelmeier| henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 3 Dec 90 16:06:06 GMT From: hsdndev!frooz!cfa.HARVARD.EDU@CS.YALE.EDU (Steve Willner, OIR) Subject: Re: HST images via anonFTP and SPAN/HEPnet References: <9357@ncar.ucar.edu> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu From article <9357@ncar.ucar.edu>, by gary@ncar.ucar.EDU (Gary Strand): > Well, I pulled the Saturn picture over, and besides its large size (5Mb+) > I can't get 'saoimage' to show anything useful. Is there something obvious > that I'm missing? I've not tried these images, but two general comments: 1) You will probably need the '-fits' keyword in the command line and maybe some others. Check the man page for saoimage carefully. 2) The default threshold and saturation values are seldom useful. Mouse around the image to find out the range of pixel values, then reset the grey scale accordingly. Good luck. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Steve Willner Phone 617-495-7123 Bitnet: willner@cfa Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Internet: willner@cfa.harvard.edu ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 29 Dec 90 01:04:50 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!sdd.hp.com!spool2.mu.edu!news.cs.indiana.edu!maytag!watmath!watdragon!watyew!jdnicoll@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Brian or James) Organization: University of Waterloo Subject: Re: Interstellar travel References: <1990Dec15.145230.22937@en.ecn.purdue.edu>, <1990Dec17.223038.5222@watdragon.waterloo.edu>, <1990Dec28.213423.11137@zoo.toronto.edu> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu In article <1990Dec28.213423.11137@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes: >In article <1990Dec17.223038.5222@watdragon.waterloo.edu> jdnicoll@watyew.uwaterloo.ca (Brian or James) writes: >> Bussard ramjets have thermodynamics problems, and >>probably can't work. > >Details, please. If this is the alleged "ramjet speed limit", please be >advised that only the ignorant think it exists, based on fallacious >analogies to aircraft jet engines. If I meant 'ramjets have a low speed limit', I would have said so. 'Not working' is *not* 'Moves slowly'. My brother's 1978 Honda moves slowly. My grandfather's minesweeper doesn't work at all, any more (The last mine was a little close). If you're going to imply that I'm ignorant, at least credit me with the correct ignorance. What I meant was (I should look this up first, but) the p-p reaction might occur too slowly to be useful as propulsion in a ramjet. I think Heppenheimer (sp) mentioned it first. James Nicoll ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 29 Dec 90 03:14:27 GMT From: zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!usc!cs.utexas.edu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!utzoo!henry@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu (Henry Spencer) Organization: U of Toronto Zoology Subject: Re: Air pressure questions (A human being in vacume) References: <1990Dec11.111010.22953@unicorn.cc.wwu.edu>, <1990Dec28.212625.10995@zoo.toronto.edu>, <7753@eos.arc.nasa.gov> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu In article <7753@eos.arc.nasa.gov> brody@eos.arc.nasa.gov (Adam R. Brody) writes: >Were Mercury and Gemini over pressurized with pure Oxygen as well? >If so, were they just lucky to not have fires? That's right. It had been standard practice since the beginning of the US manned program, and nobody had thought about the implications. -- "The average pointer, statistically, |Henry Spencer at U of Toronto Zoology points somewhere in X." -Hugh Redelmeier| henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 29 Dec 90 01:02:32 GMT From: snorkelwacker.mit.edu!primerd!primerd!choinski@tut.cis.ohio-state.edu Subject: Heat Transfer Fomulas Wanted Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu Can anyone give me a good rule 'o thumb in regards to atmospheric temperature transport? In essence, given that the average temp is ~40 degrees latitude, and one can determine an average temperature (15 C for us), how does one figure temperatures for lower or highter latitudes? WHile direct latitudes get ~1.305 times the normal luminosity per unit square, polar latitudes get much much less. Obviously you can not simply plug in the luminosity for the latitude (adding greenhouse modifiers), as the temperatures are too extreme. Polar areas must have their temperatures moderated by warmer climates. Likewise, equatorial temps must be limited by cooler latitudes. The question is therefore -- anyone have a quick and dirty formula, or the names of a few reference books that can get me going? /============================================================================\ |Burton Choinski choinski@s35.Prime.com| | Prime Computer, Inc. (508) 620-2800 x3233| | Framingham, Ma. 01701 PRIME Computer -- We're still the one| |----------------------------------------------------------------------------| |Disclaimer: Don't even think that these are PRIME's opinions... | \============================================================================/ ------------------------------ Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 0;andrew.cmu.edu;Network-Mail Date: 28 Dec 90 08:10:40 GMT From: snorkelwacker.mit.edu!usc!cs.utexas.edu!news-server.csri.toronto.edu!utzoo!henry@bloom-beacon.mit.edu (Henry Spencer) Organization: U of Toronto Zoology Subject: Re: News from FLIGHT International References: <1990Dec18.153859.12828@axion.bt.co.uk> Sender: space-request@andrew.cmu.edu To: space@andrew.cmu.edu In article <1990Dec18.153859.12828@axion.bt.co.uk> sjeyasin@axion.bt.co.uk writes: >As someone who has appreciated Henry Spencers regular postings of space >titbits from AWST, I wonder if anybody out there would like to read >similar postings from FLIGHT Int, which is the British equivalent... I think this would be a fine idea. I try to include noteworthy items from Flight, but my time is scarce enough that I seldom manage it nowadays -- just doing AW&ST is a noticeable drain. Flight often has better coverage of non-US-military-industrial-complex spaceflight. (A further consideration is that I may not be renewing my Flight subscription the next time it comes up; getting it by international air mail is *extremely* expensive, and they seem to have dropped the surface- mail option I used to use.) -- "The average pointer, statistically, |Henry Spencer at U of Toronto Zoology points somewhere in X." -Hugh Redelmeier| henry@zoo.toronto.edu utzoo!henry ------------------------------ Date: 29 Dec 90 04:18:34 GMT From: ka2qhd!kd2bd@rutgers.edu (John Magliacane) Subject: * SpaceNews 31-Dec-90 * SB SPACE @ ALLBBS < KD2BD $SPC1231 * SpaceNews 31-Dec-90 * Bulletin ID: $SPC1231 ========= SpaceNews ========= MONDAY DECEMBER 31, 1990 SpaceNews originates at KD2BD in Wall Township, New Jersey, United States. It is published every week and is made available for unlimited distribution. * UoSAT NEWS * ============== The launch of six microsatellites designed and built by dedicated amateur radio operators from around the world was the most significant amateur satellite news event in history. These six microsats flew as secondary payloads on the European Space Agency's V-35 mission on 21-Jan-90. Twelve minutes after liftoff, the Ariane launch vehicle placed these six satellites into Earth orbit. UoSAT-3 and UoSAT-4 alone carried a total of 9 microprocessors and 5000 kilobytes of RAM. That's more computing power than had ever been launched by one rocket! UoSAT-3 (OSCAR-14) carries a 16-bit embedded microprocessor controller with 4.5 megabytes of RAM. UoSAT-4 (OSCAR-15) carries the first Transputer parallel-processing microprocessors in space. UoSAT-3 is currently being used to test new "PACSAT" communications software. UoSAT-3's PCE uses a multi-tasking operating system created by Quadron, Inc., which was specifically designed for communications intensive systems. UoSAT-4 (OSCAR-15) carries three microprocessors and a CCD Earth imaging camera. Parallel processing available on the spacecraft will provide high-speed compression of camera images. Tests of radiation tolerance of the Transputer chips used will also be made. * ITALIAN MICROSAT * ==================== Work continues in Italy on a new microsat amateur satellite. During the first week of December, the transmitter module, BCR module and CPU were all integrated and the PHT software was run succesfully, controlling each different module. The PSK transmitter has been tested at varous power settings, showing excellent linearity and the telemetry frames has been received by many stations in the 50 km radius of Rodano (Italy), where the engineering unit of the spacecraft is being integrated. A completed unit is expected to be ready by the end of Janaury after all tests are complete. * BADR-1 DECAYS * ================= BADR-1, a Pakistani satellite launched by the People's Republic of China earlier this year, decayed in the Earth's atmosphere between 08-Dec-90 and 09-Dec-90. BADR-1 transmitted telemetry using an FM carrier in the 2-meter amateur radio band on frequencies of 144.030 and 145.825 MHz. It was never determined why this spacecraft used amateur radio frequencies for its downlink of telemetry since it clearly was not an amateur satellite. * TNX QSL! * ============ A special thanks to all those who sent e-mail messages to SpaceNews: DL5SBS, K8VDU, WA2ISE, WA2TMF, WC1L, RW3DZ, ZL2AXJ * FEEDBACK WELCOMED * ===================== Feedback regarding SpaceNews can be directed to the editor (John) via any of the following paths: INTERNET : kd2bd@ka2qhd.de.com PACKET : KD2BD @ NN2Z.NJ.USA.NA UUCP : ...uunet!rutgers!ka2qhd!kd2bd MAIL : John A. Magliacane, KD2BD Department of Electronics Technology Advanced Technology Center Brookdale Community College 765 Newman Springs Road Lincroft, New Jersey 07738 U.S.A. << All The Best Wishes For A Healthy And Happy 1991! >> /EX -- John A. Magliacane FAX : (908) 747-7107 Electronics Technology Department AMPR : KD2BD @ NN2Z.NJ.USA.NA Brookdale Community College UUCP : ...!rutgers!ka2qhd!kd2bd Lincroft, NJ 07738 USA VOICE: (908) 842-1900 ext 607 ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V13 #011 *******************