Return-path: X-Andrew-Authenticated-as: 7997;andrew.cmu.edu;Ted Anderson Received: from beak.andrew.cmu.edu via trymail for +dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl@andrew.cmu.edu (->+dist+/afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/tm2b/space/space.dl) (->ota+space.digests) ID ; Mon, 31 Dec 1990 02:43:38 -0500 (EST) Message-ID: Precedence: junk Reply-To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU From: space-request+@Andrew.CMU.EDU To: space+@Andrew.CMU.EDU Date: Mon, 31 Dec 1990 02:42:38 -0500 (EST) Subject: SPACE Digest V12 #701 SPACE Digest Volume 12 : Issue 701 Today's Topics: Re: Light years and such Re: Galileo Update #2 - 12/14/90 Re: Additions to Frequently asked SPACE questions * SpaceNews 17-Dec-90 * Re: space news from Nov 12 AW&ST SPACE Digest (Re: Usenet equivalent) Re: Soviets sell Mir flight to Americans Administrivia: Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to space+@andrew.cmu.edu. Other mail, esp. [un]subscription notices, should be sent to space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu, or, if urgent, to tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 14 Dec 90 15:41:54 GMT From: mojo!yun@mimsy.umd.edu (Dragon Taunter) Subject: Re: Light years and such Arnold G. Gill writes: >John Schultz writes: >> >>I have no trouble with the idea of light speed, light years, etc., but how >>can one telescope see back farther than another? Is it due to focusing power, >>or something similar? > > No -- it is due to the fact that the telescope has better light >collection abilities and/or better detectors. Either way, one can see fainter >objects, and for objects with the same intrinsic brightness, this means that >they can be seen further away. However, the real important quantity is the >magnitude limit (how bright an object is). The public finds things like 26th >magnitude difficult to understand, so they are told that one can see twice as >far. I would like to add that what is actually measured is the redshift. There is no way to measure directly the distance to object. One obtains a redshift and then choses a particular model of the universe to use for the calculation of distance. To within factors of two and pi the printed distance in the paper agrees with the values from the different models. Once again, the specifics have been diluted since news reporters do not expect the public to know what a z=4.5 reshift means. It does not help any for space sciences reporting that many science news reporters have backgrounds in biology. -- yun@wam.umd.edu zwy0c@scfvm.gsfc.nasa.gov (code 926) yun@eng.umd.edu zwy0c@charney.gsfc.nasa.gov 5 hrs 10' 39" W 39 deg 2' 9.7" N A milihelen is the amount of beauty required to launch one ship. ------------------------------ Date: 14 Dec 90 21:56:37 GMT From: misner@cod.nosc.mil (John Misner) Subject: Re: Galileo Update #2 - 12/14/90 In article <1990Dec14.192649.27652@jato.jpl.nasa.gov> baalke@mars.jpl.nasa.gov (Ron Baalke) writes: > > GALILEO STATUS REPORT > December 14, 1990 > ... > Part I of the VE-12 (Venus-Earth 12) ... ^ ^^^^^ Since the maneuver was called VEEGA (which I remember as Venus-Earth-Earth-Gravity-Assist), why is this portion not called EE-1 (Earth-Earth 1)? Another note from an "en"quiring mind. jm ------------------------------ Date: 15 Dec 90 00:32:50 GMT From: zephyr.ens.tek.com!wrgate!mtdoom!dant@beaver.cs.washington.edu (Dan Tilque) Subject: Re: Additions to Frequently asked SPACE questions leech@homer.cs.unc.edu (Jonathan Leech) writes: >dant@mtdoom.WR.TEK.COM (Dan Tilque) writes: >|> 2. Why do the Principle Investigators get to hog their data for >|> a full year instead of releasing it to me (Joe Taxpayer) who >|> paid for it? > > I'd rather phrase FAQs in a less-biased way than get >into another big argument on this topic. Want to try that one again? Sorry. I didn't mean for it to appear in the FAQ in that form. How about: Why isn't the scientific data and images from a probe released to the public immediately? If that's unsatisfactory, please feel free to rewrite it yourself. --- Dan Tilque -- dant@mtdoom.WR.TEK.COM ------------------------------ Date: 15 Dec 90 02:31:57 GMT From: ka2qhd!kd2bd@rutgers.edu (John Magliacane) Subject: * SpaceNews 17-Dec-90 * SB SPACE @ ALLBBS < KD2BD $SPC1217 * SpaceNews 17-Dec-90 * Bulletin ID: $SPC1217 ========= SpaceNews ========= MONDAY DECEMBER 17, 1990 SpaceNews originates at KD2BD in Wall Township, New Jersey, United States. It is published every week and is made available for unlimited distribution. * MIR NEWS * ============ U2MIR has once again become active from the Mir space station complex. Simplex radio contacts with U2MIR can be made on a frequency of 145.550 MHz FM when the amateur radio experiment is active and the spacecraft is above your horizon. U2MIR was supposed to contact WA4SIR on the Space Shuttle (STS-35), but due to Columbia's early return to Earth, the contact was never established. * OSCAR-21 NEWS * ================= The launch of AMSAT-OSCAR-21/RM-1/RS-14/RUDAK-2 has been postponed until 07-Jan-91 so that a Soviet official may witness the launch. RUDAK-2 will not only carry a Mode B linear transponder, but also a variety of packet radio experiments with data rates from 400 to 9600 bps using various modulation schemes. It will be compatible with AX.25 protocols and those amateurs equipped for FO-20, PACSAT, LUSAT, AO-13 PSK telemetry, and UO-14. Linear Transponder Uplink: 435.030 - 435.120 MHz (90 KHz) Linear Transponder Downlink: 145.880 - 145.970 MHz (inverted) O/P Power: 12 watts max. Beacon : 145.880 MHz, CW telemetry. Gain of satellite RX/TX antennas: 2.3 dBi each (dipoles) Input sensitivity: -125 dBm (435 MHz) for a C/No of 45 dB/Hz SAT-RX-1: 435.016 MHz +-10 KHz 1200 bps, FSK, NRZIC/Biphase-M (JAS, PACSAT) SAT-RX-2: 435.155 MHz +-10 KHz (AFC) 2400 bps, BPSK, Biphase-S SAT-RX-3a: 435.193 MHz +-10 KHz (AFC) 4800 bps, RSM, NRZIC/Biphase-M SAT-RX-3b: 435.193 MHz +-10 KHz (AFC) 9600 bps, RSM, NRZI (NRZ-S) +Scrambler SAT-RX-4: 435.041 MHz +-10 KHz (digital AFC) RX for RTX-DSP experiments The downlink can be switched to the following operating modes: Transmit frequency: 145.983 MHz Mode 1: 1200 bps, BPSK, NRZI (NRZ-S) (like FO-20) Mode 2: 400 bps, BPSK, Biphase-S (AMSAT mode for OSCAR-13 beacon) Mode 3: 2400 bps, BPSK, Biphase-S (planned for OSCAR-13) Mode 4: 4800 bps, RSM, NRZIC (Biphase-M) (like 4800 bps uplink) Mode 5: 9600 bps, RSM, NRZI (NRZ-S) + Scrambler (like 9600 bps uplink) Mode 6: CW keying (only for special events) Mode 7: FSK (F1 or F2B), e.g. RTTY, SSTV, FAX, etc. (only for special events) Mode 8: FM modulated by D/A signals from DSP-RISC processor (e.g. speech) RUDAK-2 is a joint project of AMSAT-U-ORBITA, the Adventure Clubs in Moscow and the AMSAT-DL/RUDAK Group in Marburg, Munich and Hannover. [From: DB2OS & DJ0HC/KE6MN via OSCAR-11 07-Apr-90] * TNX QSL! * ============ A special thanks to all those who sent QSLs, cards and letters to SpaceNews: KF6J : Lou Godat, Mission Viejo, California, U.S.A. N4WAO : Denis Wood, Eastville, Virginia, U.S.A. ...and e-mail messages: KG2U, NK8Y, N8AHO, KB0AGD * FEEDBACK WELCOMED * ===================== Feedback regarding SpaceNews can be directed to the editor (John) via any of the following paths: INTERNET : kd2bd@ka2qhd.de.com PACKET : KD2BD @ NN2Z.NJ.USA.NA UUCP : ...!rutgers!ka2qhd!kd2bd MAIL : John A. Magliacane, KD2BD Department of Electronics Technology Advanced Technology Center Brookdale Community College 765 Newman Springs Road Lincroft, New Jersey 07738 U.S.A. << If you like what you see, send us your QSL card! >> /EX -- John A. Magliacane FAX : (908) 747-7107 Electronics Technology Department AMPR : KD2BD @ NN2Z.NJ.USA.NA Brookdale Community College UUCP : ...!rutgers!ka2qhd!kd2bd Lincroft, NJ 07738 USA VOICE: (908) 842-1900 ext 607 ------------------------------ Date: 14 Dec 90 05:18:44 GMT From: agate!shelby!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!usc!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!uakari.primate.wisc.edu!caen!umich!dgsi!gregc@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU (Greg Cronau) Subject: Re: space news from Nov 12 AW&ST In article <1990Dec12.044442.2101@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes: >NASA appoints five-man team to assess recent orbiter turnaround problems >and consider whether changes are needed. The team is headed by "former >astronaut" John Young. ["Former"? I thought he was still nominally an >active astronaut.] While John Young still has the official title of "Astronaut", I believe he has removed himself from the active flight rotation schedule. I have not heard why he made this decision. gregc@cimage.com ------------------------------ Date: 14 Dec 90 17:00:12 GMT From: tm2b+@andrew.cmu.edu (Todd L. Masco) Subject: SPACE Digest (Re: Usenet equivalent) y.yduJ@MACBETH.STANFORD.EDU (Judy Anderson) writes: > Is there a usenet equivalent for the space digest? If so, under what > newsgroup name should I look? Thanks. > Judy Anderson [I'm sending this to sci.space rather than making a personal reply because I've received many subscription requests from sci.space readers] Short answer: Yes, sci.space. Long answer/Ad: The SPACE Digest is a mailing-list equivalent to the USENET newsgroup sci.space; the only real differences being that I frequently will put one or two articles of interest in from another newsgroup and that I will occasionally completely remove a flamefest or a thread that has become completely ridiculous, before the Digest goes out (I don't like to do this, but...). To those with USENET feeds, the Digest is of interest only to those who for some reason prefer mail to rn. I only know of a few people with access to hosts with feeds who receive the Digest. The Magazine is another matter; the SPACE Digest has a companion "best-of, mostly-facts" digest, named the SPACE Magazine. If you're tired of the bad signal-to-noise ratio of the newsgroup, you may want to get the Magazine as an alternative to wading through scores of articles every day. If you know somebody who can't get at a USENET feed, can receive mail, and might be interested in the Digest or the Magazine, let 'em know about the Digest and Magazine! Digest requests should be directed to: space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu Magazine request should be directed to: space-mag-request+@andrew.cmu.edu -- Todd L. Masco | tm2b+@{andrew.cmu.edu,andrew.bitnet} | "Boxes." ------------------------------ Date: 14 Dec 90 08:17:48 GMT From: snorkelwacker.mit.edu!usc!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!lavaca.uh.edu!jetson.uh.edu!cosc12i2@bloom-beacon.mit.edu Subject: Re: Soviets sell Mir flight to Americans In article <1990Dec13.232711.588@engin.umich.edu>, sheppard@caen.engin.umich.edu (Ken Sheppardson) writes: > cosc12i2@jetson.uh.edu writes: >>The electronic publication SPACE FAX DAILY reported Friday, Dec. 7, that: >> >>"a flight to MIR had been sold to an american buyer through >> SPACE COMMERCE CORPORATION. More details available on Monday." >> > > According to Space News, an undisclosed American firm has payed an > undisclosed amount (greater than $12 million) for a ride in the next > six months or so. I don't recall the exact numbers, but I'll check them > when I get back to the office on Friday and post a correction if necessary. > The HOUSTON CHRONICLE, HOUSTON POST, and REUTERS NEWS SERVICE all had stories on this on Wednesday, Dec. 12. The CHRONICLE and REUTERS story was based on the SPACE NEWS article, but it was not stated as such in the POST. The only new information presented was that the un-named firm buying the Soyuz/MIR flight is Houston based, the five to seven day flight is scheduled for late 1992, the price is more than the $12 million Tokyo Broadcasting Service paid, and the company and purpose are still unknown. Ad Astra, Y'all Alvin Carley moving to: ====> ARORA@UH.EDU Put my name in all subject lines of all email for me. ------------------------------ End of SPACE Digest V12 #701 *******************