                  
        ߱  ߱    ߱ ߱ ߱  
                            
           ߱               ߱   
                        
                                    
                    ܱ
              ߱   ߱ ߱ ۱۱
                         ߱
               ߱            
                           
                                     

                                                      VERSION 4.60

     Copyright 1989 - 1992 by Gordon Haff and Bit Masons Consulting.
                         All rights reserved.

     Command:  DF

     Syntax:   DF [d:][source-path][file-mask] [d:][target-path]
               [/O,N,E,D,T,or O][+/-] [/M(0,T,P, or C)] [/F] [/V] [/Ccfg_file]

     Prereqs:  100% IBM Compatible PC running DOS 3.0 or higher

     Purpose:  DF provides a fast, compact alternative to both the DOS
               `dir' command and large, unwieldy hard disk managers. DF
               displays all files in a directory in sorted order (name,
               date, size, attribute, or extension) and provides an easy
               way to copy, delete and rename marked files. The directory
               structure on the disk can be quickly traversed by simply
               selecting a directory name from the displayed list. A wide
               range of user-defined functions and SmartViewers enables DF
               to work with and augment existing customer software.

               DF is very simple to use. A menu of DF's basic functions is
               displayed next to the list of files; no need for the novice
               or infrequent user to refer to a manual or a complex set of
               help screens. There is on-line help, however, and it can be
               customized by the user!

               DF is also advanced. A wide range of functions such as
               directory creation, file date/time alteration, archive file
               creation, and directory printing are available on alternate
               menus which are displayed merely by pressing the Alt,
               Control, or Shift key. In addition to the many intrinsic
               functions, the companion program DFCONFIG allows users to
               add their favorite programs to DF's menus or file viewers.
               DFCONFIG also makes it easy to change operational features
               such as the default color.

                                             Ŀ
                                       Ŀ                   (tm)
                                     ĳ         o    
                                          Ŀ   Association of
                                                     Shareware
                                       ĳ    o        Professionals
                                     ĳ        
                                               MEMBER

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                -----------------

          1.0   History and Program Philosophy ..........................  8
          2.0   Installing Directory Freedom ............................  9
               2.1   Upgrading from Earlier Versions ....................  9
               2.2   Using the Installation Program ..................... 10
               2.3   Manual Installation Instructions ................... 10
               2.4   COMSPEC variable ................................... 11
          3.0   Using Directory Freedom ................................. 12
               3.1   About this Manual .................................. 12
               3.2   Manual Conventions ................................. 13
               3.3   Program Limits and Prerequisites ................... 13
               3.4   Starting up Directory Freedom ...................... 13
               3.5   Changing Directories ............................... 15
               3.6   File Marking ....................................... 15
               3.7   Hints and Suggestions .............................. 15
               3.8   Key by key Summary of Commands (by category) ....... 17
                    Exiting DF .......................................... 17
                    Marking files ....................................... 17
                    Copying, Moving, and Deleting files ................. 18
                    Changing active source and destination directories .. 18
                    Re-sorting the working directory .................... 19
                    DOS Shell functions ................................. 19
                    Directory functions ................................. 19
                    Miscellaneous additional commands ................... 19
                    View Commands ....................................... 20
                    Attribute Commands .................................. 20
                    User-defined Commands ............................... 20
                    Internal Viewer commands ............................ 21
          4.0   Program Feature Information ............................. 21
               4.1   Internal Viewer .................................... 21
               4.2   Shell functions and SmartViewers ................... 22
                    User-defined functions .............................. 22
                    Viewers ............................................. 22
                    Run a Program ....................................... 23
                    DOS Shell ........................................... 23
               4.3   Attribute Functions ................................ 24
               4.4   Mouse Support ...................................... 24
               4.5   Network Support .................................... 25
               4.6   About Configuration Files .......................... 25
               4.7   System Information Screen .......................... 26
               4.8   Ultravision Compatibility .......................... 27
               4.9   DESQview and Microsoft Windows Compatibility ....... 27
          5.0   Customization ........................................... 28
               5.1   DFCONFIG Command Line .............................. 28
               5.2   Creating a Configuration File ...................... 29
               5.3   DFCONFIG Usage Notes ............................... 29
               5.4   DFCONFIG Main Menu ................................. 30
               5.5   Commands Modification .............................. 31
                    Command-line syntax ................................. 32
                    Example ............................................. 32
                    Archiver Command .................................... 34
                    Other command line controls ......................... 34

               5.6   Attributes Modification ............................ 35
                    Color ............................................... 36
                    Switch .............................................. 36
                    Snow Check .......................................... 36
                    Sort Option ......................................... 37
                    Verify Default ...................................... 38
                    Beep Default ........................................ 38
                    Extended Keyboard ................................... 39
                    SmartViewer Key ..................................... 39
                    Secondary Menu Key .................................. 39
                    Mouse ............................................... 40
                    Startup Video Mode .................................. 40
                    Exclude Attributes .................................. 40
                    Printer Port ........................................ 40
                    Disable CFG Read .................................... 41
                    Drive Table ......................................... 41
                    Drive Table Keys .................................... 41
                    Memory Allocation ................................... 42
               5.7   Read Help Screen ................................... 43
               5.8   Filenames .......................................... 43
          6.0   Companion Programs ...................................... 44
               6.1   Bit Masons Programs ................................ 44
                    X-Ray Viewers ....................................... 44
                    ND .................................................. 45
               6.2   Third-Party Programs ............................... 45
                    PRUNE ............................................... 45
                    SLED or TED or QEDIT or ...  ........................ 45
                    LIST ................................................ 46
                    VPIC ................................................ 46
                    RVS ................................................. 46
          7.0   Technical and Sources ................................... 46
          8.0   Acknowledgements ........................................ 47
          9.0  Appendix A: User-defined Commands ........................ 49
          10.0  Appendix B: Patching Instructions ....................... 50
                    RN.COM .............................................. 50
                    PRUNE.COM ........................................... 50
          11.0  Appendix C: Site Licenses ............................... 51
          12.0  Appendix D: Keystrokes for Data-entry ................... 52
          13.0  Appendix E: "Undocumented" Patches ...................... 53
          14.0  Appendix F: System Information Screen ................... 54
                    CPU ................................................. 54
                    Memory .............................................. 54
                    BIOS ................................................ 55
                    Sound ............................................... 55
                    DOS ................................................. 56
                    Hardware ............................................ 56
                    Disks ............................................... 57
                    Video ............................................... 57

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page  3


               DISCLAIMER of WARRANTY (a.k.a. Legal Stuff)
               -------------------------------------------

     The Shareware evaluation (trial use) version is provided AS IS. Bit
     Masons Consulting MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESSED OR
     IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OF
     MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

     Bit Masons Consulting warrants the physical diskette(s) and physical
     documentation provided with registered versions (only) to be free of
     defects in materials and workmanship for a period of thirty days from
     the date of registration. If  Bit Masons Consulting receives
     notification within the warranty period of defects in materials or
     workmanship, and such notification is determined by the publisher to
     be correct, the defective diskette(s) or documentation will be
     replaced.

     The entire and exclusive liability and remedy for breach of this
     Limited Warranty shall be limited to replacement of defective
     diskette(s) or documentation and shall not include or extend to any
     claim for or right to recover any other damages, including but not
     limited to, loss of profit, data, or use of the software, or special,
     incidental, or consequential damages or other similar claims, even if
     Bit Masons Consulting has been specifically advised of the
     possibility of such damages. In no event will Bit Masons Consultings'
     liability for any damages to you or any other person ever exceed the
     lower of suggested list price or actual price paid for the license to
     use the software, regardless of any form of the claim.

     BIT MASONS CONSULTING SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,
     EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED
     WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

                                 LICENSE
                                 -------

     Directory Freedom is a Shareware product.  As such, it is made
     available to the general personal computing public for evaluation.
     Users are licensed to operate this program on their computers for the
     purpose of test and evaluation on a trial basis for a limited trial
     period.  It is not possible to reasonably define the limits of a fair
     and equitable time period for evaluation; therefore it is left to the
     user's judgment and sense of fair play as to the time required to
     make a decision as to its usefulness.  (As a guideline, 30 days
     should generally be sufficient time to evaluate the utility of a
     program of this type.)  If the user decides the program is not of
     sufficient merit to warrant purchase through registration with the
     author, he/she should remove the program from his/her personal
     computer.  Otherwise, if the program is deemed useful and is in
     regular use on the user's computer system, registration with the
     author is required.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page  4

     Registered users are those users who elect to pay for Directory
     Freedom and register that payment with the author.  By virtue of
     registration and payment for the program, registered users are
     granted a license to continue to utilize the program on their
     personal computer for as long as they choose.  This license
     authorizes the user to use the program on any personal computer
     system he or she may own or use so long as the program is operated on
     only one computer system at a time.

                                GUARANTEE
                                ---------

     Directory Freedom is offered with an unconditional 30-day money-back
     guarantee.  If you become dissatisfied with the program for any
     reason within that period, just let me know and your registration fee
     will be refunded.  If you purchased a registration package which
     included a diskette and/or a manual, please return these when
     requesting a refund.

     This guarantee is unconditional.  I would ask, however, if you are
     having a problem to let me know before giving up on DF since your
     problem may be something I can solve.

     Finally, if you order a registration package which includes a
     diskette or manual and either of these items are defective - either
     through my error or through postal service "processing", let me know
     and I will send replacements promptly.

                              REGISTRATION
                              ------------

     The registration fee is $25, payable to:
          Bit Masons Consulting
          3205 Windsor Ridge Dr.
          Westboro, MA 01581

     The payment of this registration fee to the author entitles the user
     to full use of the product for an unlimited period of time in
     addition to product support and a diskette with the latest version
     and other utilities written by the author.  Hardcopy documentation
     and future updates are not included as part of the basic registration
     fee.  See the REGISTER.DOC file for the charges associated with these
     services.

     Directory Freedom is a fully functional Shareware product.  Shareware
     is a computer program distribution and marketing method that permits
     potential buyers to thoroughly try the program prior to purchase. It
     is NOT free and it is not in the Public Domain.  If, after evaluating
     the program, you find it useful enough to use on a regular basis, you
     are expected to pay for it by registering with the author.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page  5

     Please note that the registration fee is specifically limited to
     Directory Freedom (DF.COM), the configuration program (DFCONFIG.EXE),
     and their associated documentation.  Other copyrighted "Freeware"
     (i.e. copyrighted software for which no fee is asked) and public
     domain software may be distributed with Directory Freedom only for
     the convenience of users.  The copyrights for such software remain
     with the original authors.  In addition, various software is
     mentioned in this documentation in conjunction with DF's user-defined
     functions and SmartViewers.  Much of this software is Shareware for
     which a registration fee must be paid to the individual authors to
     use their programs past an initial trial period.

                             Site Licensing
                             --------------

     Attractively priced site licensing is available for commercial users.
     Pricing for "typical" site licensing is given in an appendix to this
     manual.  If you have needs which are not met by the standard license
     terms, please call or write for a quote which addresses any unique
     support or product update requirements.  Customization is also
     available on a contract basis.


                       Upgrade and Update Policies
                       ---------------------------

     There has been some confusion in Shareware circles recently about
     upgrade/update policies for certain pieces of software.  Therefore,
     I'd like to take this opportunity to spell out my policies.  First,
     some definitions:  I define upgrade as the RIGHT to use a later
     revision of a piece of software.  I define update as the physical
     media on which the upgrade resides.  I'll further define an update as
     not including hardcopy documentation unless specifically defined.
     With that out of the way, I'd like to spell out my current
     upgrade/update policies:

     There are no upgrade charges associated with DF and I do not have any
     plans at present to institute such charges with future revisions.  I
     do reserve the right to do so, however, if in my sole opinion the
     nature and magnitude of DF changes to such a degree as to constitute
     a substantially new product.  I currently do charge for updates and
     plan to continue to so charge.  The content and pricing for specific
     update packages is described at the end of this document and in the
     REGISTER.DOC file.  Pricing is subject to change without notice,
     however, to accommodate postage, printing, and other price increases.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page  6

                         ASP Ombudsman Statement
                         -----------------------

     This program is produced by a member of the Association of Shareware
     Professionals (ASP).  ASP wants to make sure that the shareware
     principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a
     shareware-related problem with an ASP member by contacting the member
     directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can help you
     resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but does not provide
     technical support for members' products. Please write to the ASP
     Ombudsman at 545 Grover Road, Muskegon, MI 49442 or send a Compuserve
     message via Easyplex to ASP Ombudsman 70007,3536.

                     DISTRIBUTING Directory Freedom
                     ------------------------------

     DF may be freely distributed subject only to the following
     distribution for-charge restrictions:

     Directory Freedom is the sole property of Gordon Haff.  The program
     may be freely copied and transferred to individual parties for
     evaluation purposes.  It may be posted on Bulletin Board systems
     (BBS) for electronic access as long as NO FEE is charged for its
     distribution except for private BBS operations that charge a regular
     user subscription fee.  Computer information services such as
     Compuserve (CIS), Genie, and Byte Information Exchange (BIX) are
     authorized to post this product for subscriber access.  Directory
     Freedom may be distributed on diskette only by 1) disk
     distributors/vendors who are associate members of the Association of
     Shareware Professionals (ASP) or 2) users groups which do not charge
     more than a nominal fee to cover the costs of distribution.  Any
     changes to these policies must be made in writing by the author.

     Please feel free to distribute copies of this program to friends,
     coworkers, bulletin boards, and users' groups.  I do ask, however,
     that you please distribute all of the original files and not modified
     copies.  The main reason for this is that modified (e.g. with
     DFCONFIG) versions may have different default attributes or other
     settings from those specified in the manual and will have different
     CRC values from those files in the standard distribution.  The former
     could confuse new users.  The latter may cause someone to conclude
     that DF is damaged.  In particular, some non-default (but user
     selectable) switch settings such as "Enable F11/F12" will not work
     properly on systems without the requisite hardware and BIOS support.

     If you have come up with user-defined settings which you would like
     to share with others, please do so by describing them in a separate
     file (or by distributing a copy of your own .CFG file) rather than
     distributing a modified version of DF.COM.  I strongly encourage such
     sharing of ideas about using DF most effectively.  Please distribute
     such information in a separate archive, however, rather than adding
     to my archive.  Thank you in advance for your cooperation.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page  7

                            TECHNICAL SUPPORT
                            -----------------

     Registered Users: Full technical support is available to registered
     users of Directory Freedom.  I have found that the most effective
     product support can be delivered through the electronic services
     listed below.  If this option is not open to you, however, I also
     offer full product support through the mails, or, if the problem
     absolutely cannot wait, the telephone (no collect calls please).  I
     will do my best to resolve any software bugs in a timely manner and I
     am always open to incorporating new features or changes which are
     appropriate to the nature of the product.

     Unregistered Users: I will attempt to respond to software trouble
     reports made by non-registered users if the problems concern the
     general functionality of the program.  Such users should not,
     however, expect product support beyond initial aid in determining
     whether the program is suitable for their needs.

     If you have a problem:  I ask that, before calling or writing, you
     take the following steps:

     1)   Check the manual.  We all sometimes approach a piece of software
     with preconceived ideas about how it ought to work which may not
     correspond to how it actually does work.  (Of course, I'm interested
     in your input if you have this sort of experience.)

     2)   See if you can duplicate the problem with your original,
     unmodified version of DF.  (You do still have an original, unmodified
     version, don't you?)

     3)   If you're still stuck, please make a note of a) your hardware
     and software environment; b) your attribute and command settings.  DF
     is a very configurable program and, unfortunately, one of the
     downsides of this configurability is that user-defined settings can
     sometimes interact in unexpected ways.  (I try to test a broad range
     of configurations and settings, but  obviously can't try every one.);
     and c) the sequence of actions which lead to the error.  If I can't
     reproduce an error, it will be very difficult to correct, so your
     help is vital in isolating the problem.

     If you follow these steps, it will help me to solve your problem in a
     more efficient and timely manner.

        Contact via:

          Channel 1 BBS            (617) 354-8873
          Compuserve User ID#      72561,2637  (use Easyplex mail)
          Internet                 72561.2637@compuserve.com

          U.S. Mail                3205 Windsor Ridge Dr.
                                   Westboro MA 01581
          Telephone                (508) 898-3321 (after 6pm Eastern time)

     I usually check Channel 1 daily and Compuserve weekly.  In addition,
     I monitor the Ilink and RIME Shareware relays through Channel 1.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page  8

     1.0   History and Program Philosophy
     ------------------------------------

     The Directory Freedom of today originally grew out of a variety of
     programs which owe their "look and feel" to Michael Mefford's DR and
     CO utilities in PC Magazine Volume 6, #17 and #21.  DF was most
     directly adapted from Peter Esherick's DC (Directory Control) version
     1.05B.  Peter helped get DF started by making the source code for DC
     available to me and has also shared some fixes which he has made in
     subsequent revisions of his program.

     DF came into being because, while DC became a staple in my utilities
     subdirectory, it still lacked a few features which I wanted.  Some of
     these were included in Brad Stephenson's modifications to DR; others
     didn't exist at all.  At the same time, more conventional DOS shells
     usually lacked these features as well plus they tended to be rather
     big clunky things by comparison.

     The initial revisions of Directory Freedom represented minor
     enhancements to DC.  As time went by, users suggested more and better
     features, many of which were incorporated into DF.  With Revision
     3.0, I made DF shareware.  I felt that, at this point, DF had
     achieved a unique identity and was substantially different from the
     software on which it was originally based.  Furthermore, by making DF
     shareware, I was able to commit to a significantly higher level of
     ongoing development and support than would have otherwise been
     possible.

     So what uniquely defines DF?  Some of the major features are listed
     below.  These are just a sampling but should help to give the user of
     one or more of the earlier programs mentioned a flavor for how DF has
     been extended from its original roots.

          The usual file copying, moving, deleting, and renaming
          Directory creation, deletion, and renaming
          Ability to run external programs from a menu (and pass them file
               names, etc.)
          SmartViewers (external file viewers calls keyed to file extension)
          File and directory attribute manipulation
          Send a directory listing to a printer
          Change file dates
          On-line help
          Support for 43/50 line modes with EGA/VGA
          High degree of configurability: colors, beep type, verify flag,
               exclude attributes and more
          Command-line file mask (e.g. *.exe)
          A wide range of sort methods (including by attribute)
          Create file archives (e.g. with PKZIP)
          A detailed system configuration screen
          A user-friendly configuration program

     Yet, for all the above, the main DF program is still less than 35
     KBytes in size!  (As you might guess, it's written 100% in assembly
     language.)


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page  9

     Directory Freedom is designed to provide what one user called "a
     rational alternative to the DOS 'dir' command."  While, at this stage
     in its development, DF has grown far past the point where it merely
     provides DOS directory services, I have tried to stay true to one
     fundamental philosophy of design.  This philosophy is that DF should
     stay sufficiently small and fast that you does not feel that you are
     bringing up an applications program every time you type "DF".
     Rather, the user should find it faster and easier to just type "DF"
     that typing DIR, or COPY, or whatever other DOS command is required.
     Along the way, additional functionality has been added, but with the
     intent of never compromising this basic design goal.

     2.0   Installing Directory Freedom
     ----------------------------------

     Installing Directory Freedom is straightforward.  You may either use
     the supplied installation program (diskettes purchased directly from
     Bit Masons only) or you may manually extract the contents of the .ZIP
     format archives.  Manual extraction requires that you use the PKUNZIP
     decompression/dearchive program from PKWare (not supplied).

          2.1   Upgrading from Earlier Versions
          -------------------------------------

     Whenever you upgrade, I strongly recommend that you make a copy of
     your old revision working files (DF.COM, DFCONFIG.EXE, and any
     configuration files) and put them in a safe place.  While I conduct
     extensive testing, it is never possible to absolutely guarantee that
     something about your hardware and/or software environment won't have an
     allergic reaction to a new revision.  Keeping your old revision files
     somewhere safe will allow you always to easily move back to the previous
     revision in the case of problems.

     If you are upgrading from a version prior to 4.50, skip to the next
     section.  DFCONFIG is not compatible with these older revisions
     because of extensive additions made in version 4.50.  Simply make a
     note of your settings and spend a few minutes reentering them after
     installation is complete.

     If you are upgrading from version 4.50, you may bring over
     user-defined commands and attributes using DFCONFIG, if you so
     desire, by performing the following steps:

        If you store your configuration info internal to DF.COM, life is easy

          Backup your version 4.50 files
          Rename DF.COM to DF450.COM (for example)
          Install the new program version in the same directory as the old
          To bring over your old settings and install the new help
          Type DFCONFIG df450.com df.com
          Choose the "Read Help Screen" menu item and select the
               DFHELP.TXT file
          Confirm that you know what you're doing
          Select "Save and Quit" from the main menu

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 10

     If you store your configuration info in an external .CFG file, life
     is even easier

          Backup your version 4.50 files
          Install the new program version in the same directory as the old;
               your existing configuration files will be used automatically
          To update the help screen (not required, but a good idea):
          Type DFCONFIG df.cfg where df.cfg is the name of the
               configuration file.  (If you use another name for your
               configuration file, use that.)
          Choose the "Read Help Screen" menu item and select the
               DFHELP.TXT file
          Confirm that you know what you're doing
          Select "Save and Quit" from the main menu
          Repeat for any other configuration files you use

          2.2   Using the Installation Program
          ------------------------------------

     1)   Make a backup of the distribution disk
     2)   Insert the distribution disk in a floppy disk drive.
     3)   Type  A:INSTALL (assuming the distribution disk is in Drive A)
     4)   The installation program will prompt you for the destination
          directory for Directory Freedom and its companion files (such as
          the X-Ray Viewers).  Only  DF.COM itself is required to run
          Directory Freedom.  You may wish to initially extract the
          Directory Freedom files to their own directory and then move
          only the executables you plan to make use of (e.g. DF.COM,
          DFCONFIG.EXE, and whatever archive viewers you use) to a working
          directory contained in your PATH statement such as a utilities
          directory.
     5)   Make sure that you have a COMSPEC environment variable defined
          per Section 2.4
     6)   The file README.DFD on the distribution diskette (diskettes
          purchased directly from Bit Masons only) can be read at any time
          by typing TYPE README.DFD | MORE at the DOS prompt.  This file
          may contain updated information not available when this manual
          went to press.
     7)   Run DFCONFIG.EXE at any time to change program settings.  (See
          Section 5 for more information.)

        (Now that wasn't hard, was it?)

          2.3   Manual Installation Instructions
          --------------------------------------

     The main Directory Freedom files are contained in the archive file
     DF460.ZIP.  This archive contains all files required to use Directory
     Freedom in addition to documentation, registration information, and
     miscellaneous support files.  A complete description of the archive
     contents are contained in the README.DF file in the archive.  The
     README.DF file also describes companion archives distributed by Bit
     Masons which can be used either by themselves or to enhance Directory
     Freedom's capabilities.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 11

     After extracting DF460.ZIP, copy the files DF.COM and (optionally)
     other files such as DFCONFIG.EXE and DFCONFIG.HLP to a working floppy
     diskette or a subdirectory on your hard disk.  If you've got a hard
     disk, the easiest thing is probably just to copy these files to
     whatever subdirectory you normally keep your utilities in.  Since DF
     is nice and small and simple, there's really no need to go off
     creating a separate subdirectory for it.  To be most useful, whatever
     subdirectory DF ends up in should be part of the PATH setup in your
     AUTOEXEC.BAT file.  You can also go ahead and copy any of the
     associated utilities distributed with DF to the same location if you
     like and do whatever you normally do with the documentation.

     After you've done all this, put your original files in a safe place!
     Having the original files will allow you to start over again if
     something happens and your modified files are lost or corrupted.
     Please also use the original files if you ever have an urge to
     distribute copies of this program to a local bulletin board or user's
     group.

     At this, or any other point, you can also run the DFCONFIG
     customization program.  Full instructions for doing so are given in
     Section 5.0 of this manual.  DFCONFIG.EXE allows you to easily
     configure DF, so you'll probably want to keep it handy [unless you
     are in an environment in which you are setting up DF in a standard
     manner for the use of others and don't want that standard setup to be
     changed].

     **Revision 4.5 Note**: In the interests of further increasing
     user-configurability (more switches, longer and more user-defined
     command lines, multiple extensions per SmartViewer) many changes were
     made in the user-changable data area of  DF in revision 4.50.  As a
     result, users of earlier revisions will need to bring their switch
     settings and command lines over from previous revs manually. Revision
     4.50 configurations are compatible with version 4.60.


     Finally, you MUST make sure that you have a COMSPEC environment
     variable defined.  This is explained below.

          2.4   COMSPEC variable
          ----------------------

     When DF shells to (i.e. executes) another program, it uses something
     called the COMSPEC variable located in its environment block.  This
     variable tells DF what command interpreter it should use when it
     shells and where that command interpreter is located.

     Now in the good old days, most programs didn't bother to look for
     this variable.  They just assumed it was COMMAND.COM and that it was
     located in the root directory of the current drive.  Nowadays,
     fortunately or unfortunately depending upon your point of view,
     things aren't so simple.  Some people use software such as J.P.
     Software's excellent 4DOS as a COMMAND.COM replacement (a version of
     4DOS is included with the Norton Utilities as NDOS).  Others don't
     want to put COMMAND.COM in the root directory of every drive they

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 12

     use.  The result is that good software doesn't go around making
     assumptions any longer.  It looks to see what the user actually
     wants.

     How does the user tell the software what she wants?  By setting the
     COMSPEC variable.  How do you set it?  In the following manner:  At
     the DOS prompt (or more commonly in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file), type or
     include a line like the following:

          SET COMSPEC=C:\COMMAND.COM

     The above example tells your software to look in the root directory
     of your C: drive for the COMMAND.COM interpreter.  This is probably
     the most common setting for users with hard disks.  Other common
     settings include the following:

          SET COMSPEC=\COMMAND.COM      (look in root of current drive)
     or   SET COMSPEC=C:\4DOS.COM       (Use 4DOS in root of C:)

     You can check your COMSPEC (and other environment settings) at any
     time by typing SET at the DOS command line.

     If you found this whole section hopelessly confusing, just use one
     the COMMAND.COM settings listed above.  Use the first if you have a
     hard drive and the second if you have only floppies.  Ask a friend to
     modify your AUTOEXEC.BAT file if you don't know how to do so.

     3.0   Using Directory Freedom
     -----------------------------

     I'm tempted at this point to offer a monetary reward to anyone who
     has actually read this far into the manual.  (But I'm not going to --
     sorry.)  If you're still with us and awake -- Congratulations! (but
     no cash prizes).  DF is so easy to use that people like me probably
     think they don't need to read the manual.  I suggest reviewing the
     full manual anyway; DF has many advanced features and shortcuts which
     even experienced users can overlook.

          3.1   About this Manual
          -----------------------

     This documentation was written at a level which, I hope, is
     appropriate to the level of computer sophistication of most DF users.
     This level assumes a degree of familiarity with keyboard usage on an
     IBM-PC/AT compatible and a basic understanding of how DOS runs
     programs and executes commands.  DF attempts to make life easier for
     the person who knows how to use the command line but, unlike a DOS
     shell, does not try to insulate the user from the underlying system.

     If the above scares you a bit, don't let it.  We have all been
     beginners at one time and I'm sure you can borrow a book or friend
     who will help you through any rough spots you run into.  (And
     feedback on any spots of opaqueness in this manual is always welcome
     as well.)


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 13

     This manual does go into some depth explaining the how's and why's of
     certain functions.  These explanations exist largely to satisfy the
     curiosity of the more technical users of this program and therefore
     the beginning user should not feel put off if he does not understand
     every concept mentioned in these supplementary discussions.

          3.2   Manual Conventions
          ------------------------

     The commands on the main alternate menu are designated throughout
     this manual as Alt-Fx commands for simplicity and consistency with
     previous revisions of this program even though they can be
     alternately defined as LeftShift-Fx.

     Which, by the way, suggests that I'd better say what I mean by
     expressions such as Alt F1.  It means that you should press on the
     Alt key with one finger and (while continuing to hold down the Alt
     key) press the F1 key with some other appendage.

     The Source or Working directory refers to the directory which is
     being displayed on the screen by DF.  The Target directory is the
     default destination for copies and other operations.  It is also the
     current DOS directory (meaning that a user-defined command which
     sends output to the current DOS directory will send that output to
     the DF Target directory.

          3.3   Program Limits and Prerequisites
          --------------------------------------

     Maximum of about 1500 files in a directory (unless small memory
          setting used in which case the limit is about 400-500)
     Up to 1GB per logical disk
     Operating system revision of at least DOS 3.0
     Minimum 192MB of memory; more memory is useful if you use
          user-defined commands

          3.4   Starting up Directory Freedom
          -----------------------------------

     The basic syntax of the DF command line is:

     DF [d:][source-path][file-mask] [d:][target-path]
            [/O,N,E,D,T,or O][+/-] [/M(0,T,P, or C)] [/F] [/V] [/Ccfg_file]

     All parameters are optional.  If no pathnames are entered, both the
     source and the target directories default to the current DOS
     directory.  If only one path is entered, this path is taken to be
     that of the source directory and the target directory defaults to the
     current DOS directory.  (Pathnames can be a maximum of 63 characters
     long, starting at the drive letter and including the filename.)  The
     file-mask is a wildcard specification such as *.EXE which allows for
     the display of a subset of files in a directory.  Options, specified
     by a "/" followed by a letter, may appear either before or after the
     pathnames and override any settings made with the DFCONFIG program.
     The options are as follows:

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 14

     /N        Sort directory by filename
     /E        Sort directory by extension
     /D        Sort directory by date and time
     /S        Sort directory by file size
     /T        Sort Directory by attribute (i.e. archive, hidden,
               read-only, system)
     /O        Use original order, i.e. do not sort directory at all.

     + or -    Any of the sort attributes can be appended with a + or a -
               on the command line (though the suffix has no effect on an
               Original order "sort").  A + indicates that the sort is to
               take place in ascending order, while a - indicates that it
               is to be in descending order.  If no suffix is specified,
               the sort will take place in whatever has been stored as the
               default order for that key.

     /M0       Use "small" memory setting of 64KB for both DF's code and
               directory.  Use for maximum shell space when no XMS or EMS
               memory is available.  (DF requires memory space for code
               approximately equal to the size of DF.COM.)

     /MT       Use full 64KB segment for directory.  Swap to XMS memory,
               if available, when shelling
     /MP       Use full 64KB segment for directory.  Swap to EMS memory,
               if available, when shelling
     /MC       Use full 64KB segment for directory.

     /V        Turn on DOS Verify switch for disk file writes
     /F        Fast display on IBM Color Graphics Adapter (CGA) - i.e. no
               snow check
     /Ccfg_file
               Use specified cfg_file for parameter and command-line settings

        Examples of valid command lines:

     DF                Use default settings.  Source directory = Target
                       directory = Current DOS
     DF c:\util        Use default settings.  Source directory = c:\util.
                       Target = current DOS
     DF c:\util\*.com  As above, but display only files with a .COM extension
     DF ..             Source directory = Parent (directory above current).
                       Target = current DOS
     DF .  c:\util     Source directory = current. Target = c:\util
     DF c:\util d:\foo Source directory = c:\util.  Target = d:\foo
     DF c:\util /N-    Source directory = c:\util.  Display files in
                       descending name order
     DF c:\util /T /V  Force verify ON for all disk file writes.  Sort in
                       default attribute order
     DF /Cdft.cfg      Use settings stored in the configuration file DFT.CFG

     DF comes up displaying the source directory.  A brief menu of
     optional commands is displayed to the right of the directory display.
     You may move up and down the directory list with the up and down
     arrow keys on the cursor keypad.  Files may be individually copied,
     deleted, moved or renamed by pressing the function keys F1 through
     F4, respectively.  Alternatively, a number of files may be selected,

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 15

     or "marked" using the Grey + and Grey - keys on the right side of the
     keypad. After marking, pressing the appropriate function key will
     apply the chosen operation to the entire group of files.

          3.5   Changing Directories
          --------------------------

     The source (displayed) directory can be changed in one of three ways:

     Press the F9 function key and enter a new drive and path name.  (The
     Backspace key is a shortcut for typing F9 followed by .. (double
     dot).  This shortcut is primarily intended for those using networks
     which may not display the .. parent directories as part of the
     file/directory display in some configurations.) Use the left and
     right arrow keys to move through your drive table To move to
     different subdirectories on the same drive, simply press the <Enter>
     key after using the up or down arrow keys to highlight the desired
     subdirectory.  Note that as always within DOS, ".." denotes the
     parent of a given subdirectory, i.e. the level above the currently
     displayed directory, and "." denotes the current directory.

     The target directory can be changed either by using the F10 key in a
     manner analogous to the F9 key or by swapping the source and target
     directories with the F8 key, changing the directory in one of the
     ways described above, and then swapping things back with the F8 key
     again.  However, note that any file marks are erased when the source
     (displayed) directory is changed.

          3.6   File Marking
          ------------------

     Entries may be marked with the following exceptions.  The marking
     keys will NOT operate on the following:

          Subdirectories
          Hidden files

          3.7   Hints and Suggestions
          ---------------------------

     The following techniques, explanations, and hints have proven useful
     to myself or to other users.  They may help you to get more out of
     your copy of Directory Freedom.

     To "re-mark" a group of files (i.e. mark the same group of files
     which have just been operated on and which now have a  *  next to
     their entries) press F6 and F7 in sequence.  (If you have an extended
     keyboard, just use the F11 function.)

     One of the PC Magazine utilities is called SWEEP and allows you to
     automatically repeat the execution of a command through multiple
     directories.  If you type 'SWEEP DF' from the root directory,
     therefore, DF will be executed in succession in each directory on the
     hard disk.  Ben Stock suggests that this "is the best thing for
     housekeeping, reclaiming disk space, and preparing for major
     backups."  SWEEP should be available on most major bulletin boards.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 16


     Dir of Source E:\
            Target D:\TD\PROGS\DF\DF460
    ACTOR        <DIR>      9-20-91   9:46p      ͻ
    AFTERDRK     <DIR>      3-27-92   6:48p         Directory Freedom    
    AMIPRO       <DIR>     10-09-91  11:32p            Version 4.60      
    CORELDRW     <DIR>      9-20-91   9:47p       Copr. Gordon Haff 1992 
    DASH         <DIR>     12-14-92   6:52p      Ķ
    DEMYSTS      <DIR>     10-04-92   4:13p       F1   Copy              
    EXCEL        <DIR>      9-21-91   6:13p       F2   Delete            
    FORMS        <DIR>      9-20-91  11:14p       F3   Move              
    ICO          <DIR>      9-20-91   9:48p       F4   Rename            
    MSCOPE       <DIR>     10-04-92   4:09p       F5   Clear marks       
    NDW          <DIR>      9-21-91   5:35p       F6   Mark remainder    
    PERFORM      <DIR>      9-20-91  10:38p       F7   Swap Mark/Unmark  
    POWERPNT     <DIR>      9-20-91   9:43p       F8   Swap Source/Target
    TRASHCAN     <DIR>     10-10-91  12:01aH      F9   Change Source     
    WINDOWS      <DIR>      9-20-91   9:44p       F10  Change Target     
    WINMCAD      <DIR>     12-29-91   8:31p       F11  Re-Mark files     
    WINWORD      <DIR>      9-20-91   9:45p       F12  Secondary Viewer  
    LOGFILE  TXT    63796  10-03-92  11:32p   A         Alt-Z  Help      
    SPINRITE LOG    29325  10-26-91   2:39p   A    Esc or Alt-Q to Exit  
    TREEINFO DT      2658  10-30-91   1:46a   A  ͼ
     Volume: WINDOWS       7,241,728 bytes free
     Target disk has       8,394,752 bytes free
        1 of   21.     102,400 bytes/   4 files

               Figure 1.  Example of opening DF screen.

     This screen displays a typical Directory Freedom file listing.
     The displayed directory is referred to throughout this manual as
     the Source or Working directory.  The Target directory is shown on
     the second line of the display.  This directory is the default
     destination for copies and moves; it is also the current DOS
     directory - and hence the default directory for many user-defined
     commands.

     The main menu is shown on the right.  Other menus are brought up
     my pressing the Alt (or Left-Shift), Control, or Right-Shift keys.
     -----------------------------------------------------------------------

     To pop up a directory level, highlight the '..' entry and press
     <Enter>.

     The DF Target directory is also the current DOS directory.  Hence
     user-defined commands which send output files to the default
     directory regardless of the directory of the source file (e.g.
     PKUNZIP) will send their output to the DF Target directory -- NOT the
     (displayed) Source directory.

     To print a file, COPY the file to your print device.  For example, to
     print a file to LPT1:, press F1 and give LPT1 or PRN (note that there
     is no trailing colon) as the destination file name.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 17

     To efficiently pack files on to multiple floppies, do a sort in
     descending size order.  This way, DF will copy the all the files it
     can (starting with the largest) onto each diskette in order.  When DF
     runs out of room on a diskette, it will skip all files which don't
     fit.  Just put in a new diskette and press the COPY key again.
     (There's a bit of beeping associated with this procedure -- if you
     set the Beep Option to "Beep 1" rather than "DOS Beep", the sound is
     a good bit less obnoxious.)

     JOIN and SUBST are relics of an ancient DOS past which Microsoft
     introduced primarily to deal with programs which came from an even
     more ancient past.  You probably shouldn't be using them and I can't
     guarantee that DF will do everything perfectly on drives that have
     been JOINed or SUBSTituted.  Most of the time, everything seems to
     work fine but some odd problems have been reported from time to time.

          3.8   Key by key Summary of Commands (by category)
          --------------------------------------------------

          Exiting DF
          ----------

     Esc       Exit program and return to original directory.
     Ctrl Q    Exit program leaving the currently displayed directory
               (source) as the current default drive and directory for DOS.

          Marking files
          -------------

     Grey +    Mark current file entry, if not a subdirectory or hidden
     or Ins    file, and advance cursor to next line.

     Grey -    Remove mark on current file, and advance cursor to next line.
     or Del

     Space     Toggle marking of highlighted file.  Same as Grey + (Mark)
               unless currently highlighted file is already marked, in
               which case it is the same as Grey - (Remove Mark).

     F5        Clear all marks.

     F6        Mark all remaining files, i.e. those not marked with an * .

     F7        Swap marked and unmarked files.

     F11       Re-mark files (i.e. mark those files with *'s next to their
               names) This function is equivalent to F6 followed by F7.

     Most functions operate on the marked files, if any, otherwise they
     operate on the currently highlighted file.  If the operation is
     successful the mark is replaced with an asterisk (*), if unsuccessful
     the file is passed over, leaving the mark, and the program proceeds
     on to the next marked file.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 18

          Copying, Moving, and Deleting files
          -----------------------------------

     F1        Copy file(s) via a read/write sequence to requested target
     or Ctrl C

     Alt F1    Protected Copy - similar to F1 except that an error is
               generated if the target file already exists or cannot be
               written to (e.g. is Read-only or Hidden)

     F2        Delete file(s) or directory after asking for confirmation
               (unless empty directory).  Directories containing
               subdirectories or Read-Only/Hidden files cannot be deleted.

     F3        Move file(s), i.e. Copy to requested target, delete source.
     or Ctrl M Where possible this function is performed using an across
               directory rename instead of a file read/write sequence.

     Alt F3    Forced Move - Unlike a regular move (F3), this option will
               overwrite the target file if it already exists.  (This
               command has the same relationship to MOVE as COPY has to
               PROTECTED COPY.)

     F4        Rename file(s) or directory within the currently displayed
               (source) directory.

          Changing active source and destination directories
          --------------------------------------------------

     F8        Swap the Source Directory and the Target Directory.

     F9        Prompt for a new Source Directory.

     F10       Prompt for a new Target Directory.

     ]         Make the Target Directory equal to the Source Directory.

     [         Make the Source Directory equal to the Target Directory.

     <Left Arrow>
               Change to next drive specified in Drive Table.

     <Right Arrow>
               Change to previous drive specified in Drive Table.

     Backspace Pop the Source Directory up one level.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 19

          Re-sorting the working directory
          --------------------------------

     Alt N     Sort by filename                              (ascending)
     Ctrl N                                                  (descending)
     Alt E     Sort by file extension (e.g. .COM vs .DOC).   (ascending)
     Ctrl E                                                  (descending)
     Alt D     Sort by date and time.                        (ascending)
     Ctrl D                                                  (descending)
     Alt S     Sort by file size.                            (ascending)
     Ctrl S                                                  (descending)
     Alt T     Sort by attribute                             (ascending)
     Ctrl T    (archive, read-only, hidden, system)          (descending)
     Alt O     Re-read and display dir in original DOS order (unsorted)
     Ctrl O                                                  (unsorted)

     However you sort the files, note that the actual order of the files
     on the disk is unchanged.  Sorting changes only the display of files
     within Directory Freedom; any changes to the sort order are not
     written to disk.  Attribute sorting sorts by the value of the
     attribute bits such as Archive and Read-only.

          DOS Shell functions
          -------------------

     Alt F2    Invoke DOS Shell.
     Alt F5    Runs the highlighted program.  Parameters  to insert after
               the program name are prompted for.

          Directory functions
          -------------------

     Alt F6    Create a directory.  Creates a new subdirectory under the
               Source Directory using a name provided by the user.

          Miscellaneous additional commands
          ---------------------------------

     Alt F4    Re-read source directory.  Required after changing
               diskettes in a floppy disk drive. Also useful if a copy or shell
               command has changed the directory's contents.

     Alt F7    Displays system information screen
     Alt F8    Swap video mode between 25 lines and 43 lines (EGA) or 50 lines (VGA).  Only operational if you have an EGA or VGA display adapter.

     Alt F9    Set file date/time.  Prompts for new date and time for
               marked files.  Uses the system date and time by default.

     Alt F10   Creates an archive file (e.g. ZIP file) from marked files
               using a command line specified through DFCONFIG.

     RShift F10
               Secondary 'Create Archive' key


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 20

     Ctrl F    Toggle display of directories in listing on/off

     Alt F11, Ctrl L
               Edit Volume name of source Volume.

     Alt F12, Ctrl P
               Prints the source directory listing to your printer.
     Ctrl W    Send Form-feed to printer

     Ctrl Z    Show Help screen.

          View Commands
          -------------

     <Enter>   (i.e. the <Enter> key on the central portion of the keyboard).
       or      If file highlighted: SmartView uses the external viewer
     Ctrl V         specified for the extension of the highlighted file.  If
                    the extension is not defined, the default viewer is used.
               If directory highlighted: Change to highlighted directory (i.e. make
                    it the source).

     Grey <Enter> (i.e. the <Enter> key on the numeric keypad)
         or         If file highlighted: Force default viewer.
     Ctrl <Enter>   If directory highlighted: As above.

     Note: The function of the <Enter> and Grey<Enter> keys can be
     exchanged through the SmartViewers setting in DFCONFIG.

     F12       Use Secondary Viewer.
     or Ctrl B

          Attribute Commands
          ------------------

     Alt A     Add Archive bit          Ctrl A         Remove Archive bit
     Alt R     Add Read-Only bit        Ctrl R         Remove Read-Only bit
     Alt H     Add Hidden bit           Ctrl H         Remove Hidden bit
     Alt Y     Add System bit           Ctrl Y         Remove System bit

          User-defined Commands
          ---------------------

     Ctrl-F1 through Ctrl-F12, RShift-F1 through RShift-F6, RShift-F11,
     RShift-F12 plus external file viewers.  The two Create Archive
     functions can also be customized.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 21

          Internal Viewer commands
          ------------------------

     These commands are ONLY applicable when using internal viewer

     W         Toggle word wrap/horizontal scroll.  The startup status of
               this toggle can be set through a patch location.

     A         Toggle ASCII string display.
     B         Toggle blanking of non-ASCII characters.
     Grey *    Toggle WordStar bit mask (shift non-ASCII high-order
               characters (from 128 to 255) down into the displayable
               ASCII range of 1 to 127.

     In addition, the cursor control keys act as you would expect.  The
     <Enter> key duplicates the <PgDn> key.

     4.0   Program Feature Information
     ---------------------------------

     The following sections describe some of Directory Freedom's main
     features and compatibility with environments such as networks and
     windowing systems.

          4.1   Internal Viewer
          ---------------------

     (Note that this section applies ONLY if an external file viewer is
     NOT configured as your main and/or secondary default viewer. The
     internal viewer obviously has a speed and size advantage over
     external viewers - especially on a floppy disk system.  On the other
     hand, an external viewer such as Vern Buerg's LIST can have a much
     wider array of features (e.g. text searching).  DF is shipped with
     the internal viewer preconfigured although the user can, of course,
     change this easily by adding a command line such as LIST ~ from
     within the DFCONFIG program.)

     Just as pressing <Enter> lets you view a new directory, pressing
     <Enter> when a filename is highlighted lets you view the contents of
     the file. In the default mode the display is wrapped at the edge of
     the screen if a line is more than 80 characters wide.  This option
     can be toggled by pressing W.  Display of non-ASCII characters can be
     toggled with the ASCII and Blank options by pressing A or B.  In
     ASCII mode only strings of 5 or more normal ASCII characters
     (including tab or space) are displayed.  This is useful for viewing
     the messages contained in an .EXE or .COM file.  With the Blank
     option, non-ASCII characters are replaced with a blank or space.  A
     final option, Grey *, masks the high-order bit of non-ASCII
     characters to make WordStar files readable.

     The startup status of the Word-wrap bit can be swapped with a patch.
     See Appendix E.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 22

          4.2   Shell functions and SmartViewers
          --------------------------------------

     DF allows the user to significantly build on the internal program
     functions by accessing external programs in a variety of useful ways.
     While this functionality has existed in DF from the start (in fact,
     it was the major new feature of DF 1.0), with version 4.0 I added a
     wide new array of methods to access external programs.

          User-defined functions
          ----------------------

     Up to 16 (or 20 if the F11/F12 keys are enabled) external shell
     functions can be assigned to the CONTROL-F1 through CONTROL-F10 and
     RShift-F1 through RShift-F6 keys.  (Why not all the RShift keys, you
     ask?  Answer: I'm reserving the rest of the RShift keys for DF's own
     use in future versions.)

     Functions such EDIT and UNARCHIVE can be added to the user-defined
     menus to correspond with the programs which you use, not to some
     arbitrary set of functions which I've set up.  To illustrate the use
     of these functions, DF comes configured with a few typical external
     programs predefined, but these can be easily added to or changed
     through the use of the DFCONFIG program. (Those of you wondering how
     someone could ever have a need for this many user-defined functions
     might want to take a look at Appendix A which contains some of the
     clever things which users have done with these functions.)

     An important note: The user-defined functions (and SmartViewers)
     depend on external DOS programs.  If a defined program cannot be
     found (either by specifying its full path in the command line or by
     placing it  in a directory contained in your DOS PATH), the
     corresponding user-defined function will not work.

          Viewers
          -------

     DF has both default viewers and SmartViewers.

     If you wish, the main default viewer can be left in its shipped
     configuration of using DF's internal viewer.  Alternatively, a
     program such as Vern Buerg's LIST or PC Magazine's SMOOTH can be
     substituted by entering the appropriate command line for the default
     viewer in DFCONFIG.  (For example, to use LIST, enter LIST ~ as the
     default viewer command line.)  The default viewer will be used to
     examine the contents of the highlighted file if 1) the file's
     extension has not been configured for a SmartViewer or 2) one of the
     default viewer override keys (e.g. Ctrl <Enter>) have been pressed.

     SmartViewers allow you to automatically use the external viewer most
     appropriate to a given file's type (as reflected in its extension).
     For example, you can configure ZR (the author's ZIP file viewer) for
     files with a .ZIP extension and a program such as VGIF or VPIC for a
     file with a .GIF extension.  As with all the other user-defined
     functions, customizing the settings for your personal preferences is

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 23

     easy with DFCONFIG.  Each SmartViewer command line can have up to
     three corresponding extensions defined.  Single character wildcards
     (i.e. ?) are allowed.  (Multiple character wildcards, i.e. *, are not
     supported.)

     For example, a multi-purpose graphics viewer such as VPIC might have
     a command line and extensions line which looks like the following:

          Command Line:    VPIC  ~      Extensions:    GIF PCX RLE

     (Hint: If you require more than the allowed three extensions, just
     replicate the command line and define additional extensions which
     correspond to the replicated command line.)

     In addition to the main default viewer and Smartviewers, a secondary
     default viewer (accessible through the F12 key or Ctrl B) was added
     in version 4.50.  The purpose of this viewer is to permit easy access
     to a viewer which is used frequently but which does not correspond to
     specific file extensions.  For example, you might want to leave the
     internal viewer configured as the main viewer because of its speed,
     but assign a more fully-featured external program to the secondary
     viewer.

          Run a Program
          -------------

     The Run-a-Program function (Alt-F5) allows you to run an executable
     program from within DF.  The program under the highlight bar will be
     executed when you press this key combination.  You will then be
     prompted for the command-line parameters to pass to the executing
     program.  Press <Esc> to abort the operation or <Enter> to continue
     without parameters.

     Use this option with caution on programs you haven't tried out
     before.  For one thing, DF has no way of testing a program's memory
     requirements.  If a program doesn't do its own testing it may hang
     your system.  Also, some programs seem to be allergic to being run in
     shells.

     NEVER execute a Terminate-And-Stay-Resident (TSR) program from a
     shell.  You'll end up creating a hole in memory which will, at the
     least, cause you to lose memory and, at worst, will cause a system
     crash.

          DOS Shell
          ---------

     The DOS Shell (Alt-F2) allows you to temporarily exit to DOS.  You
     should be able to do anything in this shell which you would normally
     do from the DOS command line subject to the constraint that the DF
     parent is using between 35 KB and 100 KB of memory.  Type EXIT at the
     DOS prompt to return to DF.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 24

          4.3   Attribute Functions
          -------------------------

     DF incorporates functions which allow you to add or remove file
     attributes.  The ALT-attribute functions allow you to set attribute
     bits while the CTRL-attribute functions allow you to remove the bits.
     The A, R, H, and Y keys control the Archive, read-Only, Hidden, and
     System bits respectively.  (An S-key would have conflicted with the
     sort function, so the system attribute was assigned a different key
     since it will be seldom used anyway.)

     In general, attribute functions can be performed using standard
     marking just like all other functions.  The exception is un-hiding
     hidden files. Hidden files can be unhidden one-by-one, but hidden
     files cannot be marked. This is because the ability to mark must
     carry over to all program functions and I thought that, in general,
     users would want hidden files to be automatically skipped since most
     DF functions are illegal on hidden files.  (On a broader note, DF
     intentionally forces a few extra steps to delete or otherwise disrupt
     both Read-Only and Hidden files.  I believe that this philosophy
     represents reasonable, if conservative, practice.  Files are
     generally made Hidden or Read-Only for a reason and, therefore, I
     don't believe it should be too easy to tamper with them.)

          4.4   Mouse Support
          -------------------

     As of Revision 4.0, DF directly incorporated mouse cursor emulation
     (prior versions required a companion memory-resident program, DFM).
     This mouse cursor emulation provides the following:

        Mouse up/down movements emulate <up arrow> and <down arrow>
        Mouse left button emulates <Enter>
        Mouse right button emulates <esc>
        Mouse middle button (if present) emulates <space>

     In addition to using the mouse in the main directory listing, the
     Mouse button emulation is also active in the internal viewer.

     I realize that the above mouse support is relatively limited.  I do
     not, however, have plans to significantly increase the level of this
     support since I believe that doing so would tend to decrease the
     ease-of-use of DF from the keyboard.

     In DF 4.50, the mouse initialization code was changed to do a mouse
     software reset rather than a hardware reset.  This lets DF start up
     quite a bit faster on some systems.  If this change causes you any
     problems, see Appendix E for "undocumented" patch location
     information.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 25

          4.5   Network Support
          ---------------------

     Directory Freedom has been tested with a variety of networks
     including Novell Netware, FTP Systems' PC/TCP running idrive,
     Lantastic, and Data General PC*I running the MS-NET redirector
     without any problems.  Of course, networked drives typically impose
     some restrictions on what the PC can do -- such as changing volume
     labels.  Any such limitations will apply to DF as well.

     There is one "feature" of Netware of which you may want to be aware.
     Unless the Netware configuration file (SHELL.CFG) contains the line
     DOTS=ON, you will not see the .. which indicates the parent directory
     under DOS and within DF.  This is a function of the way Netware
     interacts with DOS system calls and has nothing to do with DF.
     Realizing that many users are not in a position where they can change
     their network server configuration, I've added a shortcut key to DF
     which lets you move to the parent directory more easily -- the
     Backspace.  Note, however, that this shortcut emulates doing an F9
     (Change Directory) and typing .. ; therefore it does not preserve the
     cursor location when you pop up a level.

          4.6   About Configuration Files
          -------------------------------

     By default, DF will happily go on its way using the configuration
     information stored within its own program file (DF.COM) whether that
     information consists of the defaults the program with which was
     shipped or new settings stored directly to the program file by
     DFCONFIG.  There may even be a slight startup speed advantage to
     doing things this way since there's no configuration file to read
     when initializing.

     Because of virus concerns, however, some users may prefer not to
     write to an executable program file (like DF.COM).  In fact, resident
     virus detection software might well trigger when DFCONFIG tries to
     modify DF.COM unless you've told the virus software to ignore
     modifications to that file.  For this reason (in part) DF allows for
     the use of configuration files.

     Section 5.2 tells you how to go about creating an initial
     configuration file if you don't already have one (since DF does not
     ship with such a file, seeing as how it isn't needed and can be
     easily constructed from the program file).  Once you've got a
     configuration file, however, what determines if or how DF uses it?
     Here's the scoop:

     If you've modified DF.COM with the "Disable CFG Read" option, no-way
     no-how are you going to convince DF to read a configuration file
     until you've changed this.  See Section 5.6.

     Assuming you haven't so disabled the use of configuration files, DF
     will, on startup, look in the directory containing the executing copy
     of  DF for a file called DF.CFG.  If there is, it will use that
     configuration file's settings to override those stored in the
     executable.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 26

     If you use the /C command line switch (e.g. /Cdft.cfg -- note no
     spaces), DF will instead look for the configuration file pointed to
     on the command line.

          4.7   System Information Screen
          -------------------------------

     The components of the System Information Screen (Alt F7) are
     described in hideous techno-weenie detail in Appendix F.  This
     section just gives a brief overview of the type of information shown
     and the philosophy behind the choice of information.

     The major components of the system information screen are as follows:

          CPU type, frequency, and floating point unit type
          System memory totals, allocation, and drivers
          DF memory utilization
          BIOS copyright information
          Sound board information
          DOS, memory manager, and windowed environment information
          Hardware summary
          DIsk drive information
          Video summary

 Directory Freedom 4.60   Copyright 1992 Gordon Haff and Bit Masons Consulting
        System Information Screen     Press <esc> or <space> to return
 CPUDOSDisks Ŀ
  CPU: 80386   Step: D0+  DOS version: 5.00  Logical Drives               
  Running at 19.8  MHz    12-17-92   1:42a    ABCDEFGHIJ                  
  NDP: none               Environ  399/ 800  CMOS Information             
 MemoryĴ Files  80 Buf  20     A: 1.2MB  5              
        KB  Total   Free  Verify N  Break N     B: 1.44MB 3              
  Convl       640    569  Win  N    DV  N       Type  HD1:   1  HD2:   0  
  EMS 4.0   7,504  3,520  QEMM    6.03                                    
  Extnd     7,168        HardwareĴ            D  Drive letter   
  XMS 3.00         3,520  Bus           ISA   DRIVE D      Volume Label   
  XMM driver 6.03         Mouse           Y     2E2B-1CE1  Serial #       
  HMA used      16K free  101-key Supprtd Y         Fixed  Type           
                            Kybd  Present Y         2,048  Cluster size   
  DF Program   32KB Conv                      133,920,768  Total space    
     Directry  63KB  XMS  LPT1         3BCh     8,390,656  Free space     
     for shell  537 KB    LPT2         278h                               
 BIOSĴ LPT3  not present  L/R cursor keys cycle disks  
 12/15/89 (C)1987, Americ                   VideoĴ
 an Megatrends Inc.All ri COM1  3F8h  16450  Active:   VGA + analog color 
  SoundĴ COM2  not present  Inactive: MDA + 5151 (mono)  
  SBlaster  Y   220h      COM3  not present 
  Adlib  Y                COM4  not present 
 

     Figure 2.  Sample System Information Screen.  This screen comes
                from a 386-25 running under DOS 5.0.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 27

     You may cycle through the logical drive table (less drives A and B)
     by pressing the <Left arrow> and <Right arrow> keys.  Using the Ctrl
     <Left arrow> and Ctrl <Right arrow> keys includes drives A and B.
     (You will of course get an error if there's no disk in a floppy drive
     when you try to access it.)

     The philosophy behind the information presented is to provide a
     useful single-page summary of the system information of most concern
     to users.  I've tried to address both the cases where the system
     being examined is the user's regular system and the cases where the
     utility is being used to examine an system with the intent of
     figuring out what it is.

     The philosophy is not to replace the rich set of dedicated system
     analysis utilities available in the market.  While I will make
     reasonable efforts to keep abreast of hardware and software changes
     which affect the system information screen, DF revisions will not be
     driven by updates to this screen nor will the focus of DF switch to
     being a system information utility.

          4.8   Ultravision Compatibility
          -------------------------------

     Directory Freedom Revision 4.0 and later is compatible with
     Personics' Ultravision.  Ultravision is a very nice program which
     allows for an expanded range of screen modes on EGA/VGA systems as
     well as providing for alternate palette sets.

     DF will respond to Ultravision in the following ways:

     If the screen mode is 80 columns by n rows (where n is any number),
     DF will come up in that mode, whether n is 25, 43, 50, 63, or
     whatever.  The Swap Video Mode (Alt-F8) will, however, alternate
     between 25 lines and 43/50 lines only.

     If the screen mode is j columns by n rows (where j is any number not
     equal to 80 and n is any number), DF will come up in 80 column by 25
     row mode.  The Swap Video Mode will work as above.

     In all cases, DF will, upon exit, restore the screen to whatever mode
     was in effect on entry.

     In other words, DF can display any number of rows but requires an 80
     column display and will act accordingly.

          4.9   DESQview and Microsoft Windows Compatibility
          --------------------------------------------------

     As of version 4.60, Directory Freedom is a DESQview-aware
     application.  DF will detect whether DESQview (or DESQview/X) is
     running and, if it is, will make the appropriate function calls to
     assign an alternate video buffer address if required.  DF will also
     relinquish time slices while in keyboard polling loops for more
     efficient multitasking operation.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 28

     In addition,  the LShift key can be substituted for the Alt key as
     the "hot-key" for the secondary menu since holding down the Alt key
     is the default mechanism for popping up the DESQview menu.

     Microsoft Windows does not require specific "awareness" in the same
     way as DESQview.  However, also as of version 4.60, DF will detect
     the presence of Windows and release idle time slices in the same
     manner as for DESQview.

     (DF is hardly a Windows application.  In fact, it has none of the
     characteristics of a typical Windows application -- it's small and
     efficient and doesn't require a 50MHz 486 for acceptable performance.
     However, many users setup DF on their Windows desktop to perform most
     of their file management tasks since it's faster and quicker to use
     than any Windows-based file managers they've run across.)

     5.0   Customization
     -------------------

     User customization is carried out through the DFCONFIG program which
     is menu driven and includes its own help screens.  DFCONFIG version
     4.60 can read and write version 4.60 DF.COM files and can read
     version 4.50 DF.COM files.  (It can probably write DF.COM 4.50 files
     without problems also, but this has not been qualified.)  DF.CFG
     files are compatible between version 4.60 and 4.50.  DFCONFIG version
     4.50 can be used with version 4.50 files only.

          5.1   DFCONFIG Command Line
          ---------------------------

     There are three possible permutations of the DFCONFIG command line:

     a)   DFCONFIG

     If you do not specify a path and filename on the DFCONFIG command
     line, DFCONFIG assumes that the program you wish to modify is called
     DF.CFG and is in the current directory.   The current configuration
     settings will be initially read from this file and any modifications
     made will be saved to this file.  If DF.CFG cannot be found, DF.COM
     is searched for.  If that cannot be found, DFCONFIG terminates with
     an error message.

     b)   DFCONFIG [[path\]filename]

     The specified filename will be used for both input and output as
     specified in a).  The path is optional if DFCONFIG and the .COM or
     .CFG file are in the same directory.

     c)   DFCONFIG [[path\]in_file] [[path\]out_file]

     The current configuration settings will be read from in_file.  Any
     modifications will be saved to out_file.  As for b), the path is
     optional if everything is in the same directory.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 29

     If you do specify any path\filename(s) on the command line, you must
     give a full legal pathname from either the current directory or a
     root and the full filename with extension. This allows you to use any
     names you desire for DF and/or its configuration files.  (You must
     maintain either the .COM or .CFG extensions, however.)  Note that
     in_file and out_file can be either DF.COM or DF.CFG files in any
     combination.

          5.2   Creating a Configuration File
          -----------------------------------

     To create a configuration file, follow the following steps (or, once
     you figure out their purpose, embellish them as you see fit):

     Change to a directory which contains DFCONFIG.EXE and DF.COM
     Type DFCONFIG DF.COM DF.CFG   (where DF.CFG is the name of the
          configuration file you wish to create)
     Type Y when the program asks you if you want to create a
          configuration file
     Save and Quit from the main DFCONFIG menu

     You now have a configuration file.  If you used the name DF.CFG and
     leave it in the same directory as the copy of DF.COM which you intend
     to run, it will be used automatically.  If you've named it
     YUH459X6.CFG, that's fine too, but you'll have a hard time
     remembering that name when you use the /C switch on the DF command
     line.  If you've tried to use anything other than a .CFG extension
     DFCONFIG has probably dutifully stopped you; if not, it still won't
     work.

          5.3   DFCONFIG Usage Notes
          --------------------------

     A mouse is supported in DFCONFIG's menus.  The <Left Mouse Button>
     button is equivalent to <ENTER> on the keyboard, the <Right Mouse
     Button> button to <ESC>.

     If you make changes to DF's parameters, make sure that you tell
     DFCONFIG to save them; i.e. changes are not automatically saved.

     DFCONFIG modifies DF.COM by making changes to the memory image of the
     program, and then saving the memory image back to disk if told to
     save the changes thereby overwriting the original.  This modification
     procedure may alert certain anti-viral programs such as Flushot+ and
     will alter the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) value of the DF.COM
     file.  Starting with version 4.50, a configuration file may be used
     in place of direct modification of the program file.

     DFCONFIG cannot work on a DF.COM file that has been compressed with a
     program such as LZEXE or PKLITE.  DF.COM is compatible with these
     programs, but it cannot be modified in its compressed state since
     DFCONFIG depends on data being in specific locations in the program.
     (Don't even think about compressing DF.CFG since then neither DF.COM
     or DFCONFIG.EXE will be able to read it.)


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 30

     DFCONFIG is compatible with Ultravision from Personics.  If
     Ultravision is detected, DFCONFIG will set an 80x25 screen mode, but
     will restore the initial screen dimensions upon exit.

     If you have a monochrome monitor attached to a graphics card
     (CGA/EGA/VGA), DFCONFIG will automatically map the screen colors to
     their monochrome equivalents (with minor changes to make it easier to
     recognize the "quick selection characters" in the menus).  The best
     results may be obtained, however, if you issue the "MODE MONO"
     command prior to invoking DFCONFIG.

          5.4   DFCONFIG Main Menu
          ------------------------

     Attributes:         Accesses the Attributes sub-menu for changing DF
                         settings such as color and Printer Port.  This
                         menu item is described in detail in Section 5.6.

     Commands:           Accesses the Commands sub-menu which allows the
                         specification of user functions such as
                         SmartViewers.  This menu item is described in
                         detail in Section 5.5.

     Help Screen File:   Reads in a plain text (i.e. ASCII) help screen to
                         replace the one which DFCONFIG has read in from a
                         DF.COM or configuration file along with the other
                         settings

     Info:               Gives registration information.

     Registration Form:  An easy way to enter your information and print a
                         registration form for DF.

     Filenames:          Allows the current in_file or out_file to be
                         changed.  See Section 5.7 for additional
                         information.

     Save and Quit:      Saves the current settings in memory to the
                         current out_file.  These settings could have been
                         read in from another copy of DF and/or could have
                         been entered by the user through the Attributes
                         and Commands sub-menus.

     Quit w/o saving:    Quit the program without making any alterations
                         to the out_file.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 31

          5.5   Commands Modification
          ---------------------------

     DFCONFIG can be used to modify the user-defined shell functions
     accessed by the following menus:

     Control Keys        (Ctrl F1 through Ctrl F10)
     Right Shift Keys    (RShft F1 through RShft F6)
     Extended Keys       (Ctrl and RShft F11 and F12)
     Viewers             (SmartViewers and default viewers)
     More SmartViewers   (What do you think?)
     Archivers           (Command line used by 'Create Archive' functions)

     See Appendix D for the edit keystrokes used in these data entry
     screens.

     At the simplest level, the shell functions can merely be used to run
     an external program with no arguments (or at least no variable
     arguments).  Thus, if you had a program called CPUTYPE which you
     would ordinarily run just by typing:

        CPUTYPE

     at the DOS prompt, you would just enter the same thing as one of the
     command lines within the DFCONFIG commands modification screen.

     There may indeed be situations where you want to access such a
     program from within DF, however, this usage does not take full
     advantage of the DF user-defined shell feature.

     Since the DF highlight cursor is always resting on a file or
     directory, it might seem useful to be able to pass that information
     to a shell command line.  DF can do exactly this.  By entering a ~
     (tilde) as part of a defined command line in DFCONFIG, the user tells
     DF to "Insert the full path and filename of the file or directory
     under the highlight at this spot in the command."  For example:

        The syntax to start Qedit with a file to edit is: Q [path\]filename

     In DFCONFIG, Q ~ will start Qedit with the highlighted file.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 32

          Command-line syntax
          -------------------

     In addition to the aforementioned tilde, a variety of other
     parameters are available to increase the flexibility of the
     user-defined command lines.

     %n   Synonym for ~.  This parameter is replaced with the full
          drive:path\filename of the highlighted file.  (e.g.
          c:\util\df.txt)

     %d   Source drive (e.g. c:)

     %p   Source pathname (e.g. c:\work) [Versions before 4.60 included a
          trailing \ for this parameter -- and, unfortunately, a second
          one for good luck if you were pointing to the root directory]

     %c   Target drive (note that since DF makes the target path the
          current DOS path, the default path on the target drive is the
          same as the target path)

     %f   Highlighted filename only (e.g. df.txt).  This differs from %n
          in that drive and path information is not included.

     %b   Highlighted "base" filename only (e.g. df)

     %e   Highlighted extension only (e.g. txt) [This corrects information
          in previous versions of this manual which indicated that the
          parameter included the leading period.]

     `    Synonym for ` (grave, i.e. the backwards accent under the tilde
          on most keyboards).  This allows for the runtime insertion of
          parameters.  The user is prompted for the input to this field.
          More than one grave may be placed on a command line, but the
          user will only be prompted one time and the input will be replicated.

     %%   Literal %

          Example
          -------

     All the above is really a whole lot more complicated to read than it
     actually is to do, so let's go through an example.  Let's suppose
     that we want to define a key for Phil Katz's PKUNZIP program which
     views or extracts the archives found on many electronic bulletin
     board systems.  Although we would normally set this program up on two
     different keys (one to view and one to extract), let's assume for the
     purposes of the example that this is a seldom used function and we
     only want to use one key for it.

     We go into DFCONFIG and the Commands menu.  We then enter the desired
     command line.  (We'll assume we're programming CTRL-F3):

     The usual syntax for PKUNZIP is something  along the lines of:
          PKUNZIP [options] [path\]filename


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 33

     In DFCONFIG, entering PKUNZIP ` ~ for the command line will prompt
     you to input the option you want, for example, -v if you want to view
     the highlighted ZIP file or -e if you want to extract the highlighted
     ZIP file.

     Enter whatever you like for the command line's menu name - it's only
     for your own reference.  Don't worry about the Pause?, Refresh?, and
     Multi? fields for now.  They're described later.

     We save the modified data entry screen with a <CTRL-Enter>, return to
     the main menu, and choose Save and Quit from the main DFCONFIG menu.

     When we next run DF, you'll notice that, when pressing the Control
     key, the new item has been added to the menu.


<Esc> to abandon changes, Ctrl<Enter> to saveͻ
                                                                Pause?        
                 Command Field                 Description         Refresh?   
                                                                       Multi? 
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F1   q ~                                 Edit (Qedit)        N  Y  N    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F2   arj e ~                             Extract ARJ         Y  Y  Y    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F3   pkunzip ~                           Extract ZIP         Y  Y  Y    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F4   nd ~                                Name -> Date        Y  Y  Y    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F5   fv ~                                Archive View        Y  N  Y    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F6                                                           N  N  N    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F7                                       These definitions   N  N  N    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F8                                       are examples only   N  N  N    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F9                                       and require other   N  N  N    
                                                                              
 Ctrl-F10                                      software to work    N  N  N    
ͼ

     Figure 3.  Data entry screen for main user-defined menu.



     We now select a file to operate on.  Just move the cursor down until
     the desired file is highlighted and, while holding down the Control
     key, press F3.  DF will prompt you to enter parameters.  Let's assume
     you want to view the archive.  In this case, type -v and then hit the
     <Enter> key.  If the highlighted file were called ARCHIVE.ZIP and was
     in the DOWNLOAD directory on the C: drive, DF would expand the
     command line to the following:

     PKUNZIP -V C:\DOWNLOAD\ARCHIVE.ZIP

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 34

          Archiver Command
          ----------------

     The default command line for the main archiver is:   pkzip -ao
     @dfzip998 '

     The @dfzip998 refers to a temporary file which DF creates to hold the
     filenames to be archived.  You shouldn't mess with this.  The -ao
     switch creates an archive, the time/date stamp of which is equal to
     the time/date stamp of the most recent file in the archive as opposed
     to the current time/date.  (Using the -a switch instead would cause
     the current date to be used.)

     The ' (grave or back-quote) in the command line prompts you to enter
     the name of the archive file you wish to create.  You can combine the
     name with any additional switches you wish to add to the process.
     (Of course if there are different switch settings which you use all
     the time, you will probably want to modify the command line in
     DFCONFIG.

          Other command line controls
          ---------------------------

     The Pause? value is asking whether you want a "Press any key to
     return" after exiting the program.  You probably don't want a pause
     for things such as editors and do for programs which place
     information on the screen without inserting their own pause before
     exiting.

     The Refresh? value is asking whether you want DF to reread the
     directory before returning from the shell.  You will generally want
     to set this value to 'Y' when performing functions such as extracting
     archives.  There is a minimal performance penalty attached to
     performing such a reread on hard disks unless the directories are
     very large.  If a function is regularly used on a floppy diskette
     directory, however, you may wish to perform Rereads manually (Alt-F4)
     only when you need them.  Refresh will wipe out any file markings.

     The Multi? value is asking whether or not you want the function to
     operate on Marked files (if any exist) or the highlighted file.  If
     Multi? is set to 'N', the function will operate only on the currently
     highlighted file - whether or not other files in the directory are
     highlighted.  If Multi? is set to 'Y', the function will operate
     SEQUENTIALLY on the marked files in the directory (or the highlighted
     file if no files are marked).  The Multi switch is not available for
     viewers.

     In the customization screen, you save your work by either typing
     CTRL-<Enter> at any point, or <Enter> when positioned on the last
     field of the screen.  Exiting with <Esc> DOES NOT SAVE THE CONTENTS
     OF THE SCREEN!

     All the movement and edit commands for the data screen are available
     through on-line help in DFCONFIG.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 35

          5.6   Attributes Modification
          -----------------------------

     In addition to DF screen colors (NORMAL, INTENSE, MENU, MENU2,
     BORDER, and INVERSE), the following attributes can be changed by the
     DFCONFIG program:

     Switch                   [Default: / (Standard DOS)
     Snow check               [Default: Off]
     Sort Default             [Default: Ascending Name order]
     Verify Default           [Default: Floppy only]
     Beep tone                [Default: Standard DOS Beep]
     Extended Keyboard        [Default: Auto]
     SmartViewer Key          [Default: <Enter>]
     Secondary Menu Key       [Default: Alt]
     Mouse                    [Default: Enable]
     Startup Video Mode       [Default: 25 lines]
     Exclude Attributes       [Default: N for all attributes]
     Printer Port             [Default: LPT1]
     Disable CFG Read         [Default: No]
     Drive Table              [Default: empty]
     Drive Table Keys         [Default: left/right arrow]
     Memory Allocation        [Default: Try XMS,EMS, and large Conventional]

     Each of these options are explained below.

   Edit Attributesͻ
                                                                            
                                                                            
            ͻ                                        
              Color                                                       
              Switch                              Directory of C:\TC      
              Snow Check                          Example of Intense      
              Sort Default                                                
              Verify Default                      Filename Ext  45678     
              Beep Default                        FILENAME EXT   6478     
              Extended Keyboard                   89098765 ABC 123098     
              SmartViewer key  ͻ      AUTOEXEC BAT  13818     
              Secondary Menu Ke  Normal          INVERSE           0     
              Mouse              Intense         GORDONHA FF   76438     
              Startup Video Mod  Menu                                    
              Exclude Attribute  Border            Ŀ    
              Printer Port       Inverse               Sample of         
              Disable CFG read   2nd Menu             MENUS/BORDER       
              Drive Table      ͼ            
              Drive Table Keys                                            
              Memory Allocation                                           
              Return to Menu                                              
            ͼ                                        
                                                                            
   ͼ

     Figure 4.  Attributes modification menu showing color modification
                sub-menu.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 36

          Color
          -----

     Both the foreground and background settings of the six color
     combinations used in DF can be modified through DFCONFIG's Attribute
     modification.  To aid you in this process, a sample color screen
     changes dynamically based on the currently set and currently
     highlighted colors.

          Switch
          ------

               /    ("Standard" DOS switch)
               -    ("UNIX" switch)

     For the UNIX hackers, the switch character is used to identify an
     option entered on the DOS command line when you first call up DF.
     Normally this is '/', so that options would be specified by /d or /o.
     By changing the byte to '-', options can be entered as -d or -o.
     This lets you use '/' in your path names, so that instead of entering
     command lines like:

          DF C:\COMM\DOWN D:\UTIL /D

     You can now enter:

          DF C:/COMM/DOWN D:/UTIL -D              or
          DF C:\COMM\DOWN -d D:\UTIL              or

          DF -d  C:/COMM\DOWN D:/UTIL -D

     But not:  DF C:\COMM\DOWN D:/UTIL /D    (This will confuse DF)

     (Note that since the confusion results from the option switch, and
     since there are no options entered with pathnames once the program is
     running, you can use either / or \ as a path delimiter when entering
     a destination or changing the path with F9 or F10 keys.)

          Snow Check
          ----------

               Yes
               No

     When DF starts up it determines the primary display type and if it is
     monochrome, EGA, or VGA, snow checking is neither performed nor
     necessary.  If it is not one of those, then DF can query the display
     adapter before writing to the display memory to see if it is OK to do
     so.  This procedure is necessary to avoid spurious dots or "snow" on
     old IBM Color Graphics Adapters (CGAs) caused by the CPU and the
     display circuitry simultaneously accessing the video buffer.
     Unfortunately, this check also slows down the display quite a bit.
     If snow checking is specified by the command line switch /F, the
     default setting is overridden.  (It's unlikely you'll ever need to
     use this setting unless you have one of the original "true Blue" IBM
     PC's.)

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 37

          Sort Option
          -----------

               Name
               Extension
               Size
               Date
               Attribute
               Original

     A new default sort key and order can be chosen from within DFCONFIG.
     The choices (Name, Extension, Size, Date, Attribute, and Original)
     are the same as those which can be specified on either the DF command
     line or by pressing the appropriate Alt- or Ctrl-key.  If a sort
     order is specified as a command line switch, this default setting is
     overridden.

     If (O)riginal is chosen, no sort takes place and the filenames are
     displayed in the same order as they are displayed when typing the
     'dir' command at the DOS prompt.

     Other choices (e.g. (N)ame) bring up a secondary menu which asks you
     to specify (A)scending or (D)escending.  You can use the sort menu to
     specify a sort order for each primary key (except for (O)riginal).
     This sort order will be used as the command-line default if you
     specify a primary key but not an order suffix.  (In other words, if
     you specify a sort key but no order on the command line, (e.g. /D)
     whether the sort takes place in ascending or descending order will be
     a function of what you set up in this menu item.)

     If (N)ame, (E)xtension, or A(t)tribute is chosen, the sort is in
     ascending (i.e. alphabetical) order by default.  If (S)ize is chosen,
     the sort is in descending order by default to allow for more
     efficient packing when copying to multiple floppy diskettes.   (D)ate
     also sorts in descending order by default to place the most recently
     created or modified files at the top of the directory listing.

     DF automatically uses a logical secondary key and secondary key order
     for each primary key sort.  The identity and sort order of this
     secondary key is not configurable.

     Press <esc> from the primary sort key menu to return to the main
     attributes menu.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 38

          Verify Default
          --------------

               No Change
               Yes
               No
               Floppy Only

     From the DOS command line, you can type VERIFY ON or VERIFY OFF to
     change DOS's write-verify status.  If Verify is on, MS-DOS performs a
     series of checks following each disk-write operation to attempt to
     verify that the data just written can be read without error.  The
     downside of such checking is that write operations are slowed down
     significantly and the enhanced security provided by VERIFY ON is
     questionable, at least with hard disks.

     In any case, DFCONFIG allows the write-verify status within DF to be
     set in one of four different ways.  It can be set ON, in which case
     all affected DF commands will operate with write-verify status
     enabled.  It can be set OFF, in which case all affected DF commands
     will operate with write-verify status disabled.  It can be set to NO
     CHANGE, in which case DF will use the write-verify status which was
     in use by DOS prior to running DF.  Or it can be set to FLOPPY ONLY
     in which case verify is set on if the target is a floppy diskette and
     set off otherwise.  Using DF's /V command-line switch will force
     write-verify status ON no matter how this switch is set.

          Beep Default
          ------------

               DOS Beep
               Beep 1

     If an error is made when using DF (e.g. an illegal operation such as
     deleting a Read-only file is attempted), the program beeps to alert
     you of the error.  By default, the standard DOS beep (ASCII 07) is
     used.  Personally I find this standard tone very annoying and grating
     on the ear so DFCONFIG allows an alternative "soft beep" to be chosen
     instead.  (This alternative tone is generated by programming the
     timer chip directly instead of using standard DOS or BIOS services.
     Therefore it may not work on some computers which are not 100% IBM
     PC/AT hardware compatible.)


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 39

          Extended Keyboard
          -----------------

               Yes
               No
               Auto

     On systems with extended keyboards (101-key or equivalent), selecting
     Yes will allow the user to program two additional function keys on
     the Control and RightShift menus (and use the function key commands
     Alt-F11 and Alt-F12).  The status of this switch does NOT affect the
     ability to program these keys in the DFCONFIG command line editor.
     Unless this switch is set to Yes, however, those programmed keys
     cannot actually be used (nor will they be displayed) within DF.

     In revision 4.0, a new default setting (Auto) was added to this menu.
     The Auto setting attempts to automatically detect the presence of a
     BIOS which supports a 101-key keyboard.  Unfortunately, this sort of
     detection is kind of a kludge and 101-key support will NOT be
     automatically detected on all systems.  If automatic detection
     doesn't work on your system and you know that you have an extended
     keyboard BIOS (or memory resident software which emulates such a
     BIOS), just manually force the support by selecting "Yes".

     Simply having a 101-key keyboard does not guarantee that the BIOS of
     your system will support the extended function keys.  If you do not
     have an extended keyboard BIOS, enabling F11/F12 may hang your
     system.

          SmartViewer Key
          ---------------

               <Enter>
               Grey<Enter>

     DF normally uses the <Enter> key on the main keypad as the
     SmartViewer key (i.e. the one which calls up user-defined viewers if
     an extension matches).  Some people prefer to use the numeric keypad
     <Enter> key as their primary key.  This switch lets them do that.

          Secondary Menu Key
          ------------------

               Alt
               Left-Shift (i.e. the Shift key on the
                           left side of the keyboard)

     This switch chooses the "hot-key" used to bring up the secondary menu
     of "hardwired" DF functions.  (This is the menu which includes the
     Directory-specific functions and items such as "Run a Program.")  The
     choice is offered because pressing and releasing the Alt key may also
     bring up the DESQView menu if DESQView is active.  Since Alt has been
     the secondary "hot-key" in all versions of Directory Freedom to date,
     however, it has been left as the default for backward compatibility.
     Choosing Left-Shift as the hot-key will also lessen the chance of
     keystroke conflicts with memory resident programs.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 40

          Mouse
          -----

               Enable
               Disable

     By default, DF uses mouse cursor emulation if a mouse driver is
     detected.  If you wish to disable this support for some reason, use
     this menu.

          Startup Video Mode
          ------------------

               25 line
               43/50 line

     The setting of this item will determine whether your system starts up
     with a 25 row display or a 43 row (EGA) / 50 row (VGA) display.  If
     you do not have an EGA or VGA display adapter, this switch setting
     will have no effect and you will start up with a 25 line display.

          Exclude Attributes
          ------------------

               Read-Only      Y/N
               Hidden         Y/N
               System         Y/N

     By default, DF will display all files in the Working (source)
     directory regardless of their file attribute bits.  This menu item
     allows you to exclude the display of one or more of the "special"
     attribute settings.  (There is also an archive bit which is most
     commonly used to handle backups as well as subdirectory and volume
     bits - the latter two are already handled in a special manner by DF.)
     If , for example, Read-Only were set to 'Y', files with a Read-Only
     bit would not be displayed by DF.  This switch settings allows a
     person such as a PC manager to protect files which would be hidden
     from normal DOS displays or protected from normal DOS functions such
     as ERASE but which DF would normally display.

          Printer Port
          ------------

               LPT1
               LPT2

     This item selects the printer port which will be used by the Print
     Directory Listing command.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 41

          Disable CFG Read
          ----------------

               Yes
               No

     Normally, DF searches for a DF.CFG file in its home directory if no
     configuration file is specified on the command line.  If that search
     fails, the settings stored in DF.COM are used.  If you definitely
     don't want to use configuration files, you can save a little time
     when DF starts up by disabling DF's search for a configuration file.

     Note that this setting is not stored in any configuration files
     created.  Doing so wouldn't make sense since DF would see the setting
     too late to do any good.  This setting is only stored when DFCONFIG
     saves directly to a DF.COM file.

          Drive Table
          -----------

     The Drive Table is the list of drives which you can move among with
     the <left arrow> and <right arrow> keys from the main DF menu.  By
     default, the table is empty.  Fill it up with the drive letters you
     wish to add to the list unseparated by colons or spaces. For
     instance, entering CDEFG would allow you to move among those five
     drives.  It is allowed (though not really recommended) to add floppy
     drives to the list.

     If  DF.COM sees that the table is empty, by default it will use all
     logical drives on the system less A and B.  If you want to tell DF
     that empty means empty, you may patch DF.COM per Appendix E.

          Drive Table Keys
          ----------------

               Left/Right Arrow
               Control Left/Right Arrow

     By default, you move through the drive table with the left and right
     arrow keys.  Some people have found that, especially on systems which
     use brain-damaged cursor key arrangements such as the Inverted-T,
     they hit these keys by accident rather too often.  These folks can
     now optionally use the Control left/right arrow combination instead.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 42

          Memory Allocation
          -----------------

               XMS            Y
               EMS            Y
               Low (Large)    Y

     Starting with version 4.60 of Directory Freedom, memory management
     has been rewritten to allow a full 64KB memory segment to be devoted
     to storing the displayed directory.  This translates into about 1500
     files.  Earlier versions forced the directory to share its space with
     the program code which meant that only about half this number of
     files could be accommodated.

     This configuration item determines whether you use this new memory
     feature and, if so, whether you want to swap out the directory space
     to XMS or EMS when executing a user-defined command or otherwise
     shelling to DOS.  If any of the above items are set to 'Y', DF will
     use the large directory space.  If XMS is checked, DF will check for
     the presence of XMS memory and, if available, will swap the directory
     space to XMS memory on a shell.  Ditto for EMS.  If both XMS and EMS
     are set to 'Y', DF will first try to use XMS memory and will only do
     its thing with EMS if XMS is not available.  If both XMS and EMS are
     set to 'N' (or if they are unavailable), DF will still use the large
     directory space but will not swap. If you're the tinkering type, you
     can see the effects of all this in the System Information Screen
     under DF Memory Usage.

     "Boy, that last paragraph was sure confusing!?!  I wonder what I
     ought to do????"  The simple answer to this is that you'll very
     rarely want to make any changes from the default settings.  I can
     really only think of a couple of instances:

          If your system does not have XMS or EMS memory and you want to
          make about 30K more memory available for shells (in exchange for
          a smaller maximum directory size), set all options to 'N'

          (Rare) If, for some reason, your system is having problems with
          XMS or EMS swapping you may want to try turning the relevant
          option off.

     Note that DF automatically detects XMS and EMS memory availability.
     Setting, say, XMS to 'Y' only means that DF will try to use XMS for
     swapping.  If it can't find XMS or there's no XMS free, no harm is
     done.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 43

          5.7   Read Help Screen
          ----------------------

     This menu item allows you to read in a plain ASCII text file as DF's
     help screen.  When you read in a file in this manner, it will replace
     the current help text in DFCONFIG.  The text file should consist of
     18  lines with up to 77 characters each.  (If it's bigger or has
     longer lines than this, fine -- but the preceeding is all that will
     get read in.)  Important!  The file must be a plain ASCII file.  It
     cannot be formatted output from a word processor or the results will
     likely be spectacular but not very useful.

     Why would anyone want to do this?  Again, I have a couple of reasons:

          You want to write a new help file with your favorite text editor
          and take advantage of all the text editor's features such as
          column moves and line drawing boxes

          You want to bring over user-defined commands and settings from
          an earlier revision of DF while also getting the help screen
          which came with the new version.  The is actually the case when
          moving from DF 4.50 to 4.60 and, for this reason, the file
          DFHELP.TXT is supplied.  See the installation section of this
          manual for upgrading instructions.

          5.8   Filenames
          ---------------

     The Filenames item on the main menu allows you to specify new in_file
     and out_file names to replace those specified (or defaulted to) on
     the DFCONFIG command line.  The filenames can be either entered
     directly or selected from a directory list of .COM or .CFG files.  If
     filenames are entered manually, they must end in either a .CFG or a
     .COM extension which corresponds to their identity as configuration
     or program files.  If a .CFG file which does not exist is specified
     as an out_file (either through this menu item or on the DFCONFIG
     command line, you will be asked whether you wish to create a new
     file.

     DFCONFIG will attempt to validate any selected files to ensure that
     they correspond to the proper format for the chosen file type.  By
     necessity, however, the checking is limited to a search for certain
     coded strings which DFCONFIG inserts in .CFG files or which are
     present in .COM files.  If the chosen file is corrupted in a more
     subtle way (for instance by manual editing outside of the DFCONFIG
     program), DFCONFIG may still think the file is valid when it is not.
     The results in such a case will be unpredictable.

     When a file is chosen for input, its contents will be read into
     DFCONFIG as the current settings as soon as you verify that the
     program should go ahead.  When a new file is chosen for output, no
     writing takes place until DFCONFIG is exited through the "Save and
     Quit" item on the main menu.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 44

     6.0   Companion Programs
     ------------------------

     Bit Masons has written software which can be used in conjunction with
     DF.  The main example of this is the X-Ray Viewers which, while they
     can also be used outside of DF from the DOS command line, are
     primarily intended to be used as SmartViewers from within DF.  This
     companion software has been released by Bit Masons as "Freeware" and
     is not part of Directory Freedom.

     Those of you who order updates directly from the author will receive
     all Bit Masons companion programs together with the latest revision
     of Directory Freedom.

     In addition to software written in-house, Bit Masons also sells a
     companion disk of third-party software which many users find works
     well together with DF as SmartViewers and for other purposes.  Bit
     Masons acts only as a distributor for this software.  Most of it is
     shareware and must be registered with the individual authors per
     their license agreements if you use it.  See the REGISTER.DOC file
     for information on ordering this disk.  This third party software is
     also available from a variety of electronic sources and from disk
     vendors.

          6.1   Bit Masons Programs
          -------------------------

          X-Ray Viewers
          -------------

     The X-Ray Viewers provide a scrollable environment for examining the
     contents of various types of archive files and allows the user to
     view those contents by piping them to LIST.  In other words, you can
     read a text file contained within, for example, a .ZIP file without
     extracting the archive.  In combination with the SmartViewer
     functions in DF, the X-Ray viewers make the examination of .ZIP,
     .ARJ, .LZH, and .ZOO files almost automatic (just highlight a file
     and press <Enter>).
          "Freeware" but requires the appropriate archive program and LIST
             to function.
          Latest revision: 1.02;
          Archive name: XRAY102 (XRAY.ZIP on Compuserve) Contains ARJ,
          ZIP, LZH, and ZOO viewers.  See XR.TXT on the disk for more
          information.  Subsumes ZR which was in turn a renaming of ZV.

     In the interests of providing an integrated environment for viewing
     archives, the X-Ray Viewers revision 1.02 are bundled with Directory
     Freedom revision 4.60.  Since they are separate software, however, DF
     will not be automatically updated if new revisions of these viewers
     become available.  Those who obtain their software from Electronic
     Bulletin Boards may therefore wish to download copies of XRAYxxx.ZIP
     when new revisions become available.  Diskettes shipped by Bit Masons
     will always contain the most recent copies of the X-Ray Viewers.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 45

          ND
          --

     This program can be set to a user-defined function key and will
     rename the highlighted file to a new name which is derived from the
     current date. For example, FILENAME.TXT would be renamed to
     891015.TXT if the date were Oct 15, 1989.  It appends a letter to the
     base name (e.g. 891015A.TXT, 891015B.TXT, etc.) if the "dated name"
     already exists.  I find this very useful for handling message-base
     files from BBS's.  Version 2.00 adds a great deal of flexibility with
     command-line switches.
          ND is "Freeware."
          Latest revision: 2.0;
          Archive name: NAMD200.ZIP (ND200.ZIP on Compuserve)

          6.2   Third-Party Programs
          --------------------------

     As noted, some of these useful programs are included on the DF
     companion disk.  Please check the README.DF file for the latest
     contents of this diskette.

          PRUNE
          -----

     A Michael Mefford creation which appeared in PC Magazine is PRUNE.
     PRUNE shows two disk drives simultaneously and contains powerful
     functions for manipulating entire directory trees.  An older Mefford
     program which fulfilled a similar function was RF.  RF has not been
     updated for many years, however, and apparently has a variety of
     problems with high-capacity disks, DOS 5, and other recent additions
     to the PC world.  I no longer recommend that RF be used in
     conjunction with DF.  PRUNE is available on PCMAGNET and can be
     patched with the instructions in Appendix B.  A pre-patched version
     with a couple of other changes to make calling DF easier is available
     on many BBS systems and the DF companion disk as DFPRUNE.

          SLED or TED or QEDIT or ...
          ---------------------------

     Since I do not want to start a religious war, I won't even begin to
     suggest which editor people should configure.  SLED is a small
     shareware editor which many people like and is very sophisticated for
     its size.  TED is a simple editor from PC Magazine which is free
     copyrighted software.  While lacking such features as word-wrap, it
     is very compact (~ 12K bytes) and more than sufficient to edit batch
     files and perform similar tasks.  QEdit is a very good shareware
     programmers' editor.  Personally, I have my working copy of DF setup
     to use Multi-Edit (a programmer's editor).
          SLED is included on the companion disk.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 46

          LIST
          ----

     As mentioned earlier in this documentation, I recommend Vernon
     Buerg's LIST in place of the built-in file viewer for many
     applications.  Vernon has been making significant enhancements to
     LIST recently and is well worth a look in the event you don't already
     have a copy.
          LIST is included on the companion disk.

          VPIC
          ----

     VPIC will view many formats of graphics files (e.g. GIF and PCX) on a
     variety of graphics boards including most Super-VGA adapters.  VPIC
     is well-suited for configuration as a SmartViewer against a range of
     graphics formats.
          VPIC is included on the companion disk.

          RVS
          ---

     RVS fulfills much the same function as the X-Ray Viewers.  A single
     program can be used against a variety of archive formats to view
     their contents and view text files within the archive.  RVS is
     somewhat more powerful than the X-Ray Viewers, but also takes more
     memory and isn't quite as fast.  Which is best for you will depend on
     your requirements.  Many users find it convenient to use the X-Ray
     Viewers as their SmartViewers while assigning RVS to a user-defined
     key.
          RVS is included on the companion disk

     7.0   Technical and Sources
     ---------------------------

     DF was written using Borland's Turbo Assembler and Turbo Debugger
     3.0.  The vast bulk of the code is custom although some modified
     routines from Base Two's Spontaneous Assembler 2.0 libraries were
     also used.  Multi-Edit 6.0 from American Cybernetics was used as an
     editor.  DFCONFIG was compiled using Borland C++ 3.1 in conjunction
     with the TCXL rev 5.52 libraries.  [A sidebar: TCXL was formerly Mike
     Smedley's CXL.  The libraries were purchased by Innovative Data
     Concepts who now own the rights.  IDC can be contacted at
     215-443-9705.]  Documentation was prepared using Ami Pro 3.0 and
     converted for the on-disk version with the aforementioned Multi-Edit.

     DF was developed on a homebrew 386 (named Dejah Thoris) based on an
     AMI 20MHz full-size motherboard with Micropolis 660MB ESDI disk and
     Ultrastore 12(F) ESDI controller.  It is a dual monitor system with
     an Orchid Prodesigner 512KB VGA board and an IBM MDA board.  The
     system runs DOS 5.0, QEMM, and Windows 3.1.  While it is not possible
     to test with all possible configurations, test systems have included
     a DG/One 2T laptop, a DG Dasher/286 with EGA, and a DG/Dasher 386/25k
     with VGA.  Testing included both DOS 3.3 and DOS 5.0.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 47

     The following, in no particular order, are some of the sources and
     tools which have been helpful for the development of DF:

     Borland C++, Assembler, Debugger, and Profiler tools
     Innovative Data Concepts' Tesseract Development Tools
     Base Two's Spontaneous Assembly libraries
     American Cybernetic's Multi-Edit editor
     Lotus Development Corp.'s Ami Pro 3.0
     Many Hax and articles from PC Techniques magazine
     The rich assortment of assembler code which (mostly used to appear)
          in PC Magazine together with much information from the back
          pages of same
     The Waite Group's MS-DOS Developer's Guide
     A VERY well-thumbed copy of Ralph Duncan's Advanced MS-DOS
     Michael Abrash's Zen of Assemby Language
     Peter Norton's Programmer's Guide to the IBM PC
     Richard Wilton's Programmer's Guide to PC and PS/2 Video Systems
     Phoenix Technology's System BIOS for IBM PC's, Compatibles, and EISA
          Computers
     Robert Hummel's Programmer's Technical Reference: The Processor and
          Coprocessor
     Microsoft Press's Microsoft Mouse Programmer's Reference
     Steve Grant's and Andrew Rossmann's InfoPlus program for which they
          generously make the sources available.  Information in these
          sources contributed greatly to making the System Information
          screen possible.
     CPU frequency code adapted from ATPERF published by the late,
          lamented PC Tech Journal
     386 Step detection from 386STEP.ASM, Jeff Proise PC Magazine 2/11/92
     CPU code detection, including NEC variants, from PC Tech Journal 4/86
          by Bob Smith with 486 detection from Hummel added

     8.0   Acknowledgements
     ----------------------

     For Directory Freedom 4.60, special thanks go to my beta testers: Don
     Dougherty, Mike Cromer, Rick Strom, Ron Lloyd, John Windhorst, and
     others.  Blame me for any bugs you find, but rest assured that there
     would be many more without the efforts of these testers.

     I would also like to thank the many other users whose suggestions
     have contributed greatly to the advancement of DF and, of course,
     those who have registered their copies and made the Shareware concept
     work.  In addition to the above testers, the "inhabitants" of the
     Ilink and RIME Shareware Relays have been especially forthcoming with
     many suggestions for improvements and new features.

     Finally, I would like to thank the sysops of my "home" BBS (Channel
     One), Brian Miller and Tess Hedder.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 48

     DF 1.00 was based extensively on Peter Esherick's source code from DC
     rev 1.05b with the additional help of some code from Brad
     Stephenson's DR26 program.  Peter has also been kind enough to share
     some DC code fixes with me for incorporation into DF.  Peter can be
     contacted at the following:

          Albuquerque PC Users' Group
          Albuquerque RBBS  296-7672, John Maio, sysop
          ARPANET: esheric@SANDIA.GOV

     Steve Grandi of U. Arizona also contributed to DC and has made
     helpful suggestions for DF as well.


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 49

     9.0  Appendix A: User-defined Commands
     --------------------------------------

     This section shows just a sample of some of the command lines which
     myself and other users of DF have come up with to make our computing
     a bit easier.  As stated earlier, many of the programs listed in this
     Appendix are Shareware.  As such, you can fully try out these
     programs (subject to the limitations, if any) in their individual
     license agreements.  If you find them useful, however, you are
     expected to register them with the individual authors.  Most of these
     programs should be readily available from private electronic bulletin
     boards, Information Services such as Compuserve, and disk vendors
     such as PC-SIG.  If you can't find a particular program, I may be
     able to help, but some of the command lines in this Appendix were
     contributed by other users so I do not have all (or the latest
     versions of) some of the software listed here.  Thanks to Don
     Dougherty, Robert Ramsdell, and Shakib Otaqui for contributing.

          Editors and Word Processors
          ---------------------------

     q ~                      [Qedit]
     wp ~                     [Word Perfect]

          Virus Detection
          ---------------

     chk4bomb ~|list/s
     scan ~ /nomem

          Listing Files
          -------------

     These programs tend to have complicated switches; you may well want
     different settings than in these examples]

     4print ~ -h -s          [Print 2 to a page on Laserjet]
     lp ~ lpt1: /N /132      [Norton Line Print]

          Other
          -----

     dirmatch %p %c          [Look at source and target directories side by side]
     lzeshell ~              [Create compressed executable file]
     pkunzip ~               [Extract archive to default directory]
     pkunzip ~ s:\           [Extract archive to s: drive]
     4dos                    [Execute 4DOS command shell]

          Viewers
          -------

     list ~                  [LIST for general-purpose viewer]
     zr ~                    [ZR for .ZIP]
     vpic ~                  [VPIC for .GIF]
     wpdraw ~                [Word Perfect Draw for .WPG]
     playrol ~ bank.bnk      [Plays Adlib sound files (.ROL) with bank.bnk instrument file)

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 50

     10.0  Appendix B: Patching Instructions
     ---------------------------------------

     This section describes how to patch PC Magazine's RN and PRUNE to
     call DF instead of the default DR.  An alternate method of achieving
     the same effect is to rename DF.COM to DR.COM.  The instructions in
     this section are valid as of the specified revs of the RN.COM and
     PRUNE.COM which were downloaded from Compuserve on 20 November 1990.

     This section is not intended to be a tutorial on patching programs.
     The changes detailed in this section can be made with any byte-level
     editor such as DISKEDIT or NU in the Norton Utilities or even DEBUG.
     As always, make sure that you have a backup of the original program
     before you start messing around with its bytes!

        RN.COM
        ------

        Instructions apply to RN.COM, Revision 2.0 (4676 bytes).

        At offset 029Ah          old: 52 2F 45 0D 00
                                 new: 46 0D 00 00 00
        At offset 043Bh          old: 52
                                 new: 46

        The above changes alters DR references to DF and changes the
        command line which spawns DR/O to  a command line which spawns
        DF with no arguments.

        PRUNE.COM
        ---------

        Instructions apply to PRUNE.COM, Revision 1.0 (7388 bytes).

        At offset 0093h:         old: 52
                                 new: 46
        At offset 0633h:         old: 52
                                 new: 46

        The above changes DR references to DF references.

     I also have patched versions of these programs which will call DF by
     pressing the <Enter> key.  These patches required modification of the
     source code and, in the case of PRUNE, I will include it on any
     update disks I distribute.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 51

     11.0  Appendix C: Site Licenses
     -------------------------------

     Site Licenses are available for DF.  The rates below are for a
     "basic" site license.  This includes registration for the specified
     number of copies and support through a single specified individual.
     I will, however, be happy to address specific requirements such as
     update subscriptions and support through multiple persons.

     $40            1 registration with media, typeset manual and update
     $18            2-5 registrations
     $16            6-9
     $14            10-19
     $12            20-29
     $10            30-99
     $8             100 and up

     Unlimited      $2,500

     The above schedule means that the first copy is $40, the 2nd through
     5th copies are $18, and so forth.  (The exception is the unlimited
     license which represents the total license cost.)  So, for example, 6
     copies would cost $128 ($40 + 4x$18 + 1x$16).  The table below lists
     the site license cost for a variety of user counts.  My terms read
     support through a single person, though I'm flexible within reason.
     (i.e. I won't hang up the phone on anyone who isn't the "official"
     contact, but I would start to get unhappy if I were to start getting
     dozens of calls with setup questions.)

         Users     Price          Users     Price
           5        $112           40        $546
          10        $190           50        $646
          15        $260           60        $746
          20        $328           70        $846
          25        $388           80        $946
          30        $446           90      $1,046
          35        $496           100     $1,144

     DF is currently licensed by a wide range of companies and government
     agencies.  I'd like to add you to the list!

     For more information, contact Gordon Haff at:

                          Bit Masons Consulting
                         3205 Windsor Ridge Dr.
                           Westboro, MA 01581
                          Tele: (508) 898-3321
                         Compuserve: 72561,2637

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 52

     12.0  Appendix D: Keystrokes for Data-entry
     -------------------------------------------

          LeftArrow                     cursor left
          RightArrow                    cursor right
          UpArrow                       cursor up
          DownArrow                     cursor down
          Ctrl-LeftArrow                word left
          Ctrl-RightArrow               word right
          Tab                           field right
          Shift-Tab                     field left
          Enter                         process field
          Ctrl-Enter                    process all fields
          Decimal (.)                   move to right side of decimal point
          Home                          beginning of field
          End                           end of field line / end of field
          Ctrl-Home                     beginning of first field
          Ctrl-End                      end of last field
          Ins                           toggle field insert mode
          Del                           delete character at cursor
          BackSpace                     delete character left
          Ctrl-BackSpace                delete word left
          Ctrl-R                        restore field to original contents
          Ctrl-T                        delete word right
          Ctrl-U                        delete to end of field
          Ctrl-Y                        delete to end of last field
          Esc                           abort data entry

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 53

     13.0  Appendix E: "Undocumented" Patches
     ----------------------------------------

     Most DF user-definable switch settings can be altered quickly and
     easily through the companion DFCONFIG program.  This appendix
     documents the DF.COM patch locations for values stored in DF which I
     do not anticipate most users having a need to alter (and as such are
     not settable through DFCONFIG).

     Each entry in this section describes allowable values for each patch
     location and what the values mean.  It is assumed that any user
     wishing to do such patching has the appropriate software (DEBUG or a
     full-screen hex editor such as Norton Diskedit) and knows how to use
     it.  As always, any changes should be made on a backup copy of DF.COM.

          Mouse_reset @ 002Dh (Byte)

     0:  [default] Use software reset
     1:  Use hardware reset (used in earlier revs of DF)

     This patch is provided in case the change to a software reset creates
     any incompatibilities.  Such incompatibilities are not expected (and
     using a hardware reset is slower).

          DOS_version_check @ 002Ch (Byte)

     0:  [default] Check for DOS version. Abort if < 3.0.
     1:  Skip version check.

     If you wish to try running DF with DOS versions earlier than 3.0, you
     can try patching this location.  No testing has been done, however,
     and it is likely that severe problems will be encountered in several
     areas of the program (possibly including initialization).  The
     recommended solution to running with older versions of DOS (such as
     on older rev-locked hardware which cannot use standard Microsoft DOS)
     is to run an older version of DF which does not have code dependent
     on DOS 3-specific features.

          View_Flags @ 0026h (Byte)

     1: [default]  Wordwrap initially on for internal viewer
     0: Wordwrap initially off

     The internal viewer flags are, by default, initialized with the
     WRAP_BIT (1) set.  To startup the initial viewer with wordwrap set to
     off, set this byte to 0.

          Use_logical @ 0028h (Byte)

     0: [default]  If drive table empty, use logical drive table less A and B
     1: If drive table empty, leave it empty (i.e. disable left/right
        arrow drive movement)

     By default, DF will fill in the drive table for you automatically if
     it isn't explicitly set through DFCONFIG.  Patching this location
     disables this feature.

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 54

     14.0   Appendix F: System Information Screen
     --------------------------------------------

     This Appendix describes to a fairly grotesque level of technical
     detail what the system information screen is showing and how it
     arrived at some of the nonsensical numbers it displays (while
     conveniently forgetting to mention the random number generator).
     Somewhat seriously though, this Appendix is aimed at a fairly
     technical audience and assumes you know what things like the DOS
     Environment are together with other facts which make you an
     absolutely scintillating cocktail party guest.  If you don't know
     about such things you may want to consider yourself lucky and move on
     to the next section.  But anyway....

          CPU
          ---

     CPU:  Identifies the type of CPU.  80586 (i586) is not supported yet,
     nor does DF currently figure out the width of the memory bus (to
     distinguish, for example, between an 8088 and an 8086 or an 80386DX
     and an 80386SX).  NEC V20's and V30's together with Intel 8018x's are
     supposedly detected as are 80486SX's as distinguished from DX's
     (486DX2's are not treated uniquely).  80386 chip steppings are
     detected as B0 or earlier, B1, and D0 or later.  D0+ is good.
     Earlier steps had some bugs (See PC Mag 2/11/92).

     Cycle time is computed by timing a bunch of fixed point multiplies
     and making some adjustments for instruction overhead.  The results
     have been pretty good across a range of machines tested though they
     aren't exact because of the effect of things like memory refresh,
     wait states, caches, etc.  The code to do this was based on ATPERF
     from PC Tech Journal.  (The results of this benchmark are not rounded
     the the probable "right" answer as an intentional design decision.)

     NDP:  The type of numeric coprocessor is detected (including Weitek).
     Weitek detection is only done on an 80386 and is based on the state
     of bit 24 of eax as returned by INT 11h.

          Memory
          ------

     Convl:  Total and Free KB of Conventional (Low) memory.  Total memory
     obtained from 040:13h.  Available memory computed from offset 03h in
     the PSP.

     EMS: EMS revision number, Total, and Free KB of EMS memory.  Obtained
     using various INT 67h calls.

     Extnd:  Total extended memory.  If you are running DOS 4 or later
     this is obtained from offset 45h in the List of Lists.  If you are
     running DOS 3 it is obtained from an INT 15h call with ah = 088h
     (with the former being the more reliable method even though it uses
     an undocumented function call to obtain the List of Lists).  Since
     "old style" extended memory was accessed in various and sundry

     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 55

     unconventional and documented ways, there is no way to really
     determine how much extended memory is in use outside of a
     specification such as XMS.

     XMS:  XMS version number and Free KB of XMS memory.  Obtained using
     XMS multiplex function calls.  Duncan's Extending DOS is probably the
     best source for both EMS and XMS memory access information.

     XMM driver:  The version number of the XMS memory driver.

     HMA:  HMA is the famous 64KB high memory area which Microsoft
     "discovered" could be accessed in real mode by flipping the state of
     the A20 address line.  Possible states are none, free, and used.  If
     used, the amount free is given.  (Theoretically the HMA can only be
     used by one program at a time but this "rule" is sometimes broken.
     Furthermore, if you have a choice of giving the HMA to one of two
     pieces of software such as DOS 5.0 and DESQview, amount free may give
     you an idea about how efficiently one program makes use of the
     available space relative to the other.)

     DF Program:  The amount of conventional memory used by DF program
     code.

     DF Directory:  The amount of memory taken up by the DF directory
     listing.  The type of memory shown (XMS, EMS, or Conventional) is the
     type of memory being used by the directory when you have shelled out
     of DF to a user-defined command.  The directory is always in
     conventional memory while DF is active (not shelled out).

     DF for shell:  This is the amount of memory available for programs
     when you shell out of DF.  (Actually, some of this space will be be
     taken up by the command interpreter you have defined with COMSPEC=)

          BIOS
          ----

     The BIOS date is assumed to reside at 0F000:FFF5h.  The rest of the
     copyright signature is obtained by searching for a copyright notice
     in the BIOS ROM starting at the beginning of segment 0F000h.  This
     works most of the time especially with relatively modern systems.
     The only quirk I've noticed with recent systems is that some device
     drivers (e.g. the TCP/IP packet drivers from FTP Systems) very rudely
     overwrite the relocated BIOS ROM information with their own copyright
     notice.

          Sound
          -----

     Sound Boards are detected with all sorts of hairy I/O port bit
     twiddling which I don't really want to think about any more.  The
     code for doing this was obtained from the aforementioned INFOPLUS
     Pascal sources (and if  you think it looks bad in Pascal, try it in
     assembler sometime!)


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 56

          DOS
          ---

     DOS version: Major and minor versions of DOS obtained from DOS
     function call 30h.

     System date and time: Read through DOS functions 2Ah and 2Ch.

     DOS environment space: Used / Total.  If used is getting up near
     total, don't be surprised if you start running into all sorts of
     peculiar problems on your system which neither you nor anyone else
     can explain.  Total is set through parameters to the CONFIG.SYS
     SHELL= statement.

     Files:  The number of files set through FILES= in CONFIG.SYS.

     Buf:  The number of Buffers set through BUFFERS= in CONFIG.SYS.

     Verify:  The state of the DOS verify flag.  Note that this is the
     state of this flag in DOS.  It does not necessarily reflect its state
     within DF unless you've configured verify through DFCONFIG as "no
     change".

     Break:  The state of the DOS break flag.

     Win:  Indicates whether Microsoft Windows is running (i.e. whether
     you're in a Windows DOS Shell) and, if so, what version.

     DV:  Indicates whether DesqView is running and, if so, what version.

     The bottom line in the DOS section indicates any detected memory
     managers.  DF looks for QEMM, 386^MAX, and EMM386.  In the case of
     QEMM only, version number information is also returned.  Note that
     environments such as Microsoft Windows may disable memory managers
     temporarily and make it impossible, therefore, for DF to detect them.

          Hardware
          --------

     Bus:  Detects ISA, EISA, and MCA busses.  Does not distinguish 16-bit
     AT from 8-bit XT.

     Mouse:  Is a mouse present on the system?  Note that a physically
     connected mouse will not be detected if its driver is not present in
     memory.

     101-key Kybd Supported and Present:  Detects whether a 101-key
     keyboard can be supported by the system BIOS and, if so, whether one
     is present.

     LPT1 / LPT2 / LPT3: The addresses of each of the parallel printer
     ports detected on the system.  (3 words starting at 040:08h)


     Directory Freedom 4.60                                          Page 57

     COM1 - COM4:  The address and UART type of each of the serial ports
     detected on the system.  The information screen distinguishes among
     8250, 16450, and 16550 UART's.  (16550 UART's may not be properly
     detected under Microsoft Windows.)  (4 words starting at 040:00h)

          Disks
          -----

     Logical Drives:  All the logical drives detected on the system.
     Cycles through ALL drive letters checking to see if Set Default Drive
     (0Eh) function calls work on each.  This method captures
     non-contiguous logical drives.

     CMOS or BIOS Information:  If the system has CMOS RAM (all AT's and
     later plus some later 8088/86 systems) this item gives the system
     setup information stored therein.  This information may not be
     complete or accurate for systems such as those with floppy or hard
     disk drive BIOS's which provide extended capabilities (such a 4
     floppy disks).  If CMOS is not found, the small degree of information
     which can be gleaned from the BIOS equipment table is displayed.

     The cursor keys allow you to move through the system's logical
     drives.  Most of the displayed information is obtained through DOS
     function 1Ch (Get Allocation Information).  Serial number and volume
     label info is obtained through the undocumented DOS function 69h.

          Video
          -----

     Video information is obtained from int 10h, function 1Ah if
     available.  Otherwise the video hardware detection routines used by
     the main DF program are used to identify the main display adapter.


               Registration for Directory Freedom 4.60

     To register, please return this form with your registration check or
     money order (Purchase orders are also accepted) to:

                               Gordon Haff
                          Bit Masons Consulting
                         3205 Windsor Ridge Dr.
                          Westborough, MA 01581
                          Phone: (508) 898-3321

     Name     ____________________________________

     Address  ____________________________________________________________

              ____________________________________________________________

              ____________________________________________________________

     Phone    (_____)_____-______

     Where did you get DF 4.60 from:

     BBS / Service Name ______________________ Number (_____)_____-______


     DF 4.60 Registration w/ diskette             @ $ 25.00 ea      $ _______
        (Includes a license for one user, diskette w/
        DF and associated files, and product support.)

     DF 4.60 Registration (*)                     @ $ 20.00 ea      $ _______
        (Includes a license for one user and product support;
        NO DISKETTE OR HARDCOPY DOCUMENTATION.)

     DF 4.60 Registration w/ diskette/docs/upd    @ $ 40.00 ea      $ _______
        (Includes Registration and product support plus: A diskette with 
        DF and associated files, typeset documentation, one free update 
        diskette)

     DF Companion Utilities Diskette              @ $  5.00 ea      $ _______
        (Third-party utilities as described in the documentation)

     DF Update w/ diskette and docs               @ $ 15.00 ea      $ _______
        (Latest revision on diskette plus typeset documentation.
        REGISTERED USERS ONLY)

     (**) Non-North American shipping             @ $  5.00         $ _______


     TOTAL Enclosed (in US Dollars please)                          $ _______


     If a diskette is being ordered:   3.5" ____   5.25" ____

     (*) Please note that this option covers registration ONLY.  You will
     receive acknowledgement of registration but will NOT receive a
     diskette or printed documentation!  This economy option is intended
     for those who receive software by electronic means and are sure that
     they have the latest version.

     (**) Non-North American orders need include $5.00 extra to cover
     additional shipping and handling charges ONLY if a diskette and/or
     manual is being ordered.  Please send all payments payable in U.S.
     Dollars unless you have explicitly made other arrangements with the
     author.

     Canadian customers may use Canadian postal money orders in dollar
     denominations.

     Feel free to attach any other comments or instructions (e.g. program
     features you'd like to see, or don't send a copy of the program until
     the next major rev, etc.)

     Note that the update option is::

      1) Only available to users who have registered a previous revision
      of Directory Freedom and

      2) Only required of registered users if they wish a copy of the
      latest revision on disk and a printed manual.  In other words, this
      is a Materials/S&H charge for sending out the latest revision.
      Registered users of DF who have obtained the latest rev from other
      sources (e.g. a BBS) are under no obligation to pay an upgrade fee
      for the use of that rev.

     (Of course, this revision will be mailed out automatically to those
     users for whom it represents their free update.)

     If you or your organization would like a Software Subscription
     Service so as to receive the latest copies direct from the author as
     soon as they become available, you may pay for multiple updates at
     the time of the initial order and, by so doing, will be automatically
     placed on the list for the appropriate number of future update
     mailings.  If you have special requirements in this area, please call
     or write.  We will try our best to accommodate your needs.

     The DF Companion Utilities are described in Section 6 of the manual.
     These are third-party programs which many users have found to
     complement Directory Freedom well.  Bit Masons is acting solely as a
     distributor for these utilities.  Many of the included utilities are
     Shareware and must be registered with their authors after a trial
     period if you find them useful.


     ********************************************************************
     Now you can order your very own registered copy of Directory Freedom
     online!
     ********************************************************************

     Registered copies of the full Directory Freedom package
     (registration, media, typeset manual, and update) can be ordered
     online from Channel 1 Communications(R).  To order:

     Call Channel 1  at (617) 354-8873 and logon as a new user (if you are
     not already a member)

     Type S at the main Command prompt to get to the Signup menu.  Then
     select the Shareware Registration signup.

     Order Directory Freedom (specifying 5.25" or 3.5" disks -- if you
     don't specify, you will be shipped 5.25"), charging it to a major
     credit card.  The price is $40.  Massachusetts Residents must add 5%
     sales tax.  Note that your credit card statement will reflect a
     charge  from Channel 1 and not from Bit Masons Consulting or Gordon
     Haff.

     Bit Masons Consulting will ship your order promptly.

     Please do not contact Channel 1 for technical support or other
     questions about Directory Freedom (such as site licensing or other
     special orders)