From ts@uwasa.fi Mon Mar 21 00:00:00 1994
Subject: FAQFTP.TXT contents
                            Copyright (c) 1993, 1994 by Timo Salmi
                                               All rights reserved

FAQFTP.TXT Additional questions related to FTP (File Transfer
Program). Comments and corrections are solicited.

..................................................................
Prof. Timo Salmi      Co-moderator of comp.archives.msdos.announce
Moderating at garbo.uwasa.fi anonymous FTP  archives  128.214.87.1
Faculty of Accounting & Industrial Management; University of Vaasa
Internet: ts@uwasa.fi   BBS +(358)-61-3170972; FIN-65101,  Finland

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1) What is anonymous FTP? How do I get files from sites using it?
2) How to read scrolling text files on-line during an FTP session?
3) How do I convert Unix text files to PC files, and vice versa?
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From ts@uwasa.fi Mon Mar 21 00:00:01 1994
Subject: Basics of anonymous FTP

1. *****
 Q: What is anonymous FTP? How do I get files from sites using it?

 A: Both these questions are covered in PD2ANS.TXT which is a part
of this same Frequently Asked Questions collection. See the very
first question in the said file. For the second part of the question
see Appendix A of PD2ANS.TXT. Much the same information is given in
garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/pd2/camfaq.zip item "Hands on! A newbie's quick
start to get you going. An example."
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From ts@uwasa.fi Mon Mar 21 00:00:02 1994
Subject: Reading text files on-line in FTP

2. *****
 Q: How to read scrolling text files on-line during an FTP session?

 A: Take a moment to study the two tricks in the demonstration
session log below.  The tricks are "ls -CF" and "ls -lF |less".  A
third trick is to have a terminal emulator with a scroll-back
buffer.  Eg MsKermit has this convenient feature.  You can even read
a text file with theses trick by applying eg "get README |less".
You can direct a listing to a file.  Example "ls -lF dir.log".  You
shell from the session by "!less dir.log" to read the file.
               *** IMPORTANT NOTICE ***
Handy as these tricks are, you should use them judiciously, since
they keep the FTP connection open.  Recall that there may be many
simultaneous users at the more popular FTP sites.  It is better to
decrease the load by first getting the text files (eg the example
README, especially if it is long) and read them at your leasure at
your own host after you have closed the FTP connection.  There may
even access limitations on the maximum simultaneous number of FTP
users, so do not hog the connection.
  > ftp garbo.uwasa.fi                             <--- your input
  Connected to garbo.uwasa.fi.
  220 garbo.uwasa.fi FTP server ready.
  Name (garbo.uwasa.fi:ts): anonymous              <--- your input
  331 Guest login ok, send ident as password.
  Password: [your email address]                   <--- your input
  230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
  ftp> ls -CF                                      <--- your input
  200 PORT command successful.
  150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
  .FSP_CONTENT    bin/            lost+found/     pc/             ql/
  .message        dev/            ls-lR.Z         photos/         unix/
  CD-ROM.INF      etc/            mac/            private-ajh/    usr/
  CDROM/          garbo-gifs/     mirror/         private-hv/     windows/
  HELP            home-brew/      next/           private-ts/
  226 Transfer complete.
  remote: -CF
  211 bytes received in 0.03 seconds (6.8 Kbytes/s)
  ftp> cd /pc/ts                                   <--- your input
  250 CWD command successful.
  ftp> ls -lF |less                                <--- your input
  200 PORT command successful.
  150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
  total 4087
  -rw-rw-r--  1 ts          29359 Oct 11 04:03 0news-ts
  -rw-rw-r--  1 ts          36892 Dec 31  1990 0news89.ts
  [parts deleted]
  -rw-rw-r--  1 ts          39143 May 31  1989 tsf2cm15.zip
  -rw-rw-r--  1 ts          82531 Aug 18 11:46 tsfaqn37.zip
  :q                                               <--- your input
  226 Transfer complete.
  local: |less remote: -lF
  3638 bytes received in 70 seconds (0.051 Kbytes/s)
  ftp> close                                       <--- your input
  221 Goodbye.
  ftp> quit                                        <--- your input
  >
There is also an alternative approach to reading long text files
on-line if you are using a PC for your terminal emulation.  Get a
screen buffer program where you can scroll the text back and forth.
For example get
 45720 Oct 19 01:08 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/screen/scrlit18.zip
 scrlit18.zip SCROLLit, Advanced Screen ScrollBack Buffer (good)
or whatever version is the current. Another scrollback buffer
program is /pc/screen/buffit30.zip.
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From ts@uwasa.fi Mon Mar 21 00:00:03 1994
Subject: Unix <--> MsDos conversions

3. *****
 Q: How do I convert Unix text files to PC files, and vice versa?

 A: This is maybe not be an actual FTP question, but it is so
closely related to file transfers that it is at home here in
faqftp.txt in garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/ts/tsfaqn*.zip.

> I need to convert a Unix text file to a PC text file. How can I do
> that?

Unix and MsDos use different eolns (end of lines) for text files. In
Unix the next line character is ascii 10, while MsDos users an ascii
13 ascii 10 pair.

You can do the conversion in several different ways.

1) If the text file with the Unix eolns is not already on your PC,
first transfer the Unix file in binary mode from your Unix host to
your PC. Convert the file with the Unix eolns on your PC. There are
many programs that can do the conversion, like
 "UNIX2PC.EXE Unix text eolns to PC eolns"
from
 116426 Feb 11 22:56 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/ts/tsfilt21.zip
 tsfilt21.zip Programs for filtering messages, log files, Unix-PC, etc.
or
 "FILGEN.EXE  Generalized filter for any file"
 "UNIX2PC.XLT Unix newlines to PC newlines"
from
 65394 Feb 7 20:19 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/ts/tsfltb17.zip
 tsfltb17.zip Easily customizable general filters, for text or binary
or
 14395 Jul 26 1989 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/unix/flip1exe.zoo
 flip1exe.zoo Do newline conversions between *NIX and MS-DOS
The advantage with flip is that it preserves data stamps and it
works both ways (Unix -> MsDos, MsDos -> Unix). You can also
preserve date stamps by using U2PC.BAT "Change Unix eolns to MsDos
eolns" from tsfilt21.zip. Another advantage of flip is that it can
take wild cards for the files to be flipped.

2) Do the conversion from Unix eolns to MsDos eolns already at your
Unix host using a Unix filter like
 830 Mar 18 1993 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/ts/unix2pc
 unix2pc Filter Unix end of lines to PC end of lines
or a program like
 26409 Dec 5 1992 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/fileutil/flip.tar.Z
 flip.tar.Z Covert text file eolns between MsDos and Unix

3) The third option is complicated the first time out if you do not
already have the necessary facilities installed, but once you do, it
is perhaps the best alternative, since it decreases the size of the
file to be transferred. I use this option quite a lot myself.

First make a .zip file of your Unix text file on your Unix host. For
this you will need to have the zip program on your Unix host. The
Unix .zip is available from the /unix/arcers directory at Garbo
archives as
 304911 Sep 23 21:12 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/arcers/zip201.tar.Z
 zip201.tar.Z Info-ZIP's portable zipper (Unix,VMS,..), 2.04 compatible
If you do not know how to handle that, ask help locally, or see
 0news-u News and advice about the files in /unix directories
in the /unix/ts directory.

When you have the zip program on your Unix host apply
 zip -l -9 -j -o MyZip.zip MyText.txt
The -l switch is the crucial switch.

Transfer the MyZip.zip file from your Unix host to your PC in thye
binary mode. The unzip it applying for example "PKUNZIP MYZIP.ZIP"
using pkunzip.exe from
 202574 Feb 1 1993 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/arcers/pkz204g.exe
 pkz204g.exe PKWARE's pkzip, pkunzip, pkzipfix, zip2exe for .zip

4) If the file transfer program that you use has the option, use the
ascii transfer more in transferring the Unix text file from your
Unix host to your PC. Then you need no conversions.

5) Some editors can handle the different eolns in their stride. All
that is needed is to resave the Unix text file with the editor on
your PC. For example you can use
 206463 Feb 2 03:00 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/editor/qedit3.zip
 qedit3.zip QEdit Advanced, SemWare's shareware text editor, gr8!

---
> I need to convert an MsDos text file to a Unix text file to get
> rid of the ^M at the end of each line. How can I do that?

Again there are several options which mirror the ones above.

1) If the text file with the MsDos eolns is not already at your Unix
host, first convert the MsDos text file on your PC. The transfer in
the binary mode from you PC to your Unix Host. There are many
programs that can do the conversion, like
 "PC2UNIX.EXE PC text eolns to Unix eolns"
from
 116426 Feb 11 22:56 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/ts/tsfilt21.zip
 tsfilt21.zip Programs for filtering messages, log files, Unix-PC, etc.
or
 "FILGEN.EXE  Generalized filter for any file"
 "PC2UNIX.XLT PC newlines to Unix newlines"
from
 65394 Feb 7 20:19 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/ts/tsfltb17.zip
 tsfltb17.zip Easily customizable general filters, for text or binary
or
 14395 Jul 26 1989 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/unix/flip1exe.zoo
 flip1exe.zoo Do newline conversions between *NIX and MS-DOS

2) If the file is not already at your Unix host, first transfer the
text file from your PC to your Unix host in the binary mode. Convert
the text file with MsDos eolns on your Unix host using a Unix filter
like
 876 Oct 13 06:27 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/ts/pc2unix
 pc2unix Filter PC end of lines to Unix end of lines
or a program like
 26409 Dec 5 1992 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/fileutil/flip.tar.Z
 flip.tar.Z Covert text file eolns between MsDos and Unix

3) Zip your text file on your PC, transfer the zip file in the
binary mode to your host, and then unzip it at your host using
"unzip -a YourZip".

I Use this quite a lot myself, since it makes it easy to transfer
many text files at one go, and besides it reduces the size of the
material that has to be transferred.

You will naturally need the unzip program at your Unix host. It is
readily available as
 434192 Feb 22 02:06 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/arcers/unzip51.tar.Z
 unzip51.tar.Z Info-ZIP's portable unzipper, Unix,VMS,.., 2.04 compatible

4) If the file transfer program that you use has the option, use the
ascii transfer more in transferring the MsDos text file from your
PC to your Unix host. Then you need no conversions.
---

For us Scandinavians with diacritical characters that,
unfortunately, is not all there is to it. One needs translations
between the upper ascii and their lower ascii counterparts. There
are several MsDos programs for the purpose like
 "TOASC.EXE  8bit ibm to Scandinavian 7 ascii"
 "TOASCI.EXE 8bit ibm to International 7ascii"
 "TOIBM.EXE  7 ascii to Scandinavian 8bit ibm"
from
 116426 Feb 11 22:56 garbo.uwasa.fi:/pc/ts/tsfilt21.zip
 tsfilt21.zip Programs for filtering messages, log files, Unix-PC, etc.

For doing the conversions on your Unix host there are simple Bourne
shell scripts like
 696 Mar 18 1993 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/ts/asc2ibm
 asc2ibm Filter 7-bit Scandinavian characters to 8-bit characters
and
 1101 Nov 25 08:29 garbo.uwasa.fi:/unix/ts/ibm2asc
 ibm2asc Filter 8-bit Scandinavian characters to 7-bit characters
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