AVAILABILITY OF PRINTED INFORMATION PERTAINING TO GRANTS TYPE ACCEPTED AND NOTIFIED TRANSMITTERS The January 1983 volume of the Commission's "Radio Equipment List, Equipment Acceptable for Licensing" (REL), and the annual supplements to the REL printed periodically, contains a listing of all type accepted and notified transmitters alphabetically by name of the grantee. Public notices of type accepted and notified actions are also issued on a monthly basis. The REL, supplements and copies of the public notices will provide a list of all equipment acceptable for licensing as of a specific date. Copies of the REL and supplements may be purchased from the duplicating contractor, ITS, or other distributors of Commission documents. Parties outside the Washington area, interested in reviewing the REL and supplements, may contact the nearest Field Operation Bureau field office. See "FCC Field Offices" under "Other Commission Activities and Procedures" for locations. Public notices may be picked up from the Press and News Media Division, 1919 M St., N.W., Washington, DC, as they are released or arrangements for receipt of monthly public notices on a regular basis may be made with the duplicating contractor or other distributors of documents. Addresses and telephone numbers of the duplicating contractor and other distributors of documents are listed under "FCC Distribution Procedures". CERTIFIED, TYPE APPROVED, NOTIFIED (receivers) Due to the large volume of equipment subject to certification, type approval and receiver notification, no printed record of all authorized equipment is available. Public notices of grant actions for certified, type approved and notified receiver equipment are issued on a monthly basis. See last paragraph above, if interested in obtaining copies of public notices. REQUESTS FOR SPECIFIC DATA AND/OR CLASSES OF EQUIPMENT Except for the Radio Equipment List, the Commission does not maintain printed or microfiche records of authorized radiofrequency equipment by frequency, class, etc. However, parties wishing to obtain such lists may request them under the Freedom of Information Act. Parties requesting specialized records will be charged a fee pursuant to Section 0.467 of the Rules. INSPECTION AND/OR DUPLICATION OF RADIOFREQUENCY DEVICE RECORDS (Certification, Notification, Type Approval, and Type Acceptance) Pursuant to Section 0.457(d)(1)(ii) of the Rules, applications for equipment subject to Certification, Notification, Type Approval and Type Acceptance are not available for public inspection or duplication until the applications have been granted. Records may be inspected or copied at the Laboratory located at 7435 Oakland Mills Road, Columbia, MD. Parties not having access to the Laboratory may obtain copies through the Commission's duplicating contractor, International Transcription Services (ITS) or contact one of the other firms listed under "FCC Distribution Procedures" under this menu. Parties wishing to utilize the services of the duplicating contractor or other distributors of Commission documents should contact the firms for their rates. Records are retired under an approved records retirement schedule on an annual basis. Therefore, parties wishing to inspect or duplicate records at the Laboratory should ascertain whether the record is available prior to coming to the Laboratory. The Lab's telephone number is (301) 725-1585, and hours of operation are 8:00 AM to 4:30 PM. MARKETING REGULATIONS FOR RADIO FREQUENCY DEVICES A radio frequency device is defined in Section 2.801 of the Rules as any device which in its operation is capable of emitting radio frequency energy by radiation, conduction, or other means. Section 2.803 - Equipment requiring Commission approval. Equipment subject to Certification, Type Acceptance, Type Approval and Notification is required to be authorized by the Commission prior to marketing in the United States. Marketing means, "sell or lease, offer for dale or lease (including advertising for sale or lease) or import, ship. or distribute for the purpose of selling or leasing". Advertising or display of a device requiring a grant, but has not been granted certification, type acceptance, type approval or notification will not be deemed to be an offer for sale, provided the advertisement contains, and the display is accompanied by a conspicuous notice as follows: "This device has not been approved by the FCC. This device is not, and may not be offered for sale or lease, or sold or leased until the approval of the FCC has been obtained". Any non-approved device displayed under the terms of the above provisions may not be activated or operated. Section 2.805 - Equipment that does not require Commission approval. Equipment which does not have to have a grant issued by the Commission, e.g., a device subject to verification, but must comply with specific technical standards prior to use, must not be offered for sale or lease (including advertisement for sale or lease), imported, shipped or distributed for the purpose of selling or leasing or offered for sale or lease, prior to compliance testing to determine compliance with the administrative and technical provisions applicable to the specific class of equipment. EXEMPTIONS - Exemptions to certain provisions of the marketing regulations may be found in the following sections: Section 2.806 - Exemption for (certain digital devices). Section 2.807 - Statutory exceptions. Section 2.809 - Exemption for ISM equipment (Part 18). Section 2.811 - Exemption for Part 73 transmitters. Section 2.813 - Exemptions for Part 74 transmitters. IMPORTATION OF RADIOFREQUENCY DEVICES CAPABLE OF CAUSING HARMFUL INTERFERENCE Regulations governing the importation of radiofrequency devices or subassemblies thereof, are found in Part 2, Subpart K of the Commission's Rules and Regulations. The regulations deals with importation of complying radiofrequency devices, as well as entry of noncomplying devices under specific conditions, such as for test and evaluation, repair or further fabrication, export only, and for use exclusively by the U.S. Government. Parties interested in purchasing the regulations should order Parts 0 to 19 from the U.S. Government Printing Office. See "Obtaining Rules and Regulations" under the menu "Applying for an Equipment Authorization") for ordering information. FCC Form 740, STATEMENT REGARDING THE IMPORTATION OF RADIOFREQUENCY DEVICES..., must be completed in duplicate for each radio frequency device, or subassembly thereof, which is imported into the Customs territory of the United States. The original copy of Form 740 shall be sent to: FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, DC 20554, ATTENTION: IMPORTS, on or before the date the shipment is delivered to a U.S. port of entry, and a copy of the completed Form 740 must accompany the shipment. Questions concerning Form 740 should be directed to the nearest FOB field office. See "FCC Field Offices" under this menu for locations. Copies of Form 740 may also be obtained from the FCC Services and Supply Branch, 1919 M St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036 or from local FOB field offices. FCC LABORATORY HISTORY, FUNCTIONS, ORGANIZATION HISTORY The Laboratory is located on 212 acres of Commission-owned land on the southeast edge of Columbia, Md. This land also houses the Laurel Monitoring Station. It is located at the northwest corner of Interstate Route 95 and Guilford Road. The property was acquired in 1941, and the initial activity there was directed to the radio intelligence activities to support the war effort. After the war, more and more radio frequency equipment began appearing on the market, and some of the personnel engaged in the monitoring activity were detailed to examine the suitability of certain kinds of equipment for use and/or licensing. This activity grew as the complexity and kinds of equipment increased. The trend toward more complex and more intensive use of the spectrum continues today at an ever accelerating rate. FUNCTIONS The functions of the Laboratory fall into three basic categories: 1. Examination and testing of equipment regulated by the Commission to ascertain whether such equipment complies with requirements of the Commission's Rules; 2. Maintenance of the Commission's standards of measurement, traceable to the National Bureau of Standards; calibration and maintenance of test equipment used by the Laboratory and the Commission's Field Operations Bureau; development of measurement procedures for the testing of radio frequency devices subject to Commission regulation; 3. Technical information and advice are provided to the Commission to assist it in reaching decisions concerning such matters as selection of systems (for example, stereo broadcast transmission systems), frequency assignment plans, and development of technical standards for equipment. ORGANIZATION The organization of activities at the FCC Laboratory falls along the lines of the basic functions outlined above: 1. The equipment authorization activity is carried on by the Equipment Authorization Branch of the Authorization and Evaluation Division, which is a part of the FCC's Office of Engineering and Technology. This Branch, which includes eight engineers, one secretary, six applications examiners, and one communications analyst, carries on all engineering evaluations, testing, issuance of grants of approval and lists of approved equipment, and record keeping associated with the equipment authorization program. 2. The Sampling and Measurements Branch, also a part of the Authorization and Evaluation Division, is responsible for: (a) Testing samples of Commission-approved devices to determine whether production items comply with applicable Commission rules; (b) Calibration and maintenance of test instruments used by the FCC Laboratory and the FCC Field Operations Bureau; (c) Development of test procedures for devices subject to the Commission's Rules. This Branch includes five engineers, two electronics technicians and one secretary. 3. The Engineering Evaluation Branch carries on much of the Laboratory testing and analysis to support the third function described above. Examples of its recent projects include analysis and tests of narrow band land mobile communication systems, spread spectrum communication systems, and performance characteristics of UHF television receivers which might allow the Commission to make changes in its UHF-television frequency assignment "taboos". In addition to the three functional groups discussed above, the Office of the Chief of the Authorization and Evaluation Division is located at the FCC Laboratory, along with those of one of his deputies, a Senior Technical Advisor, a Program Analyst, Division Secretary and two custodial/maintenance personnel. The Division also includes another organizational unit, the Technical Standards Branch. The second Deputy Chief and the Technical Standards Branch are located in the Commission's offices in downtown Washington, D.C. The Chief, Authorization and Evaluation Division is also administratively responsible for the buildings, grounds, equipment and other facilities at the FCC Laboratory. DESCRIPTION OF FCC LABORATORY AND FACILITIES PRINCIPAL BUILDINGS The Laboratory occupies approximately 25 acres of the 212-acre tract of land. There are three principal buildings in the Laboratory complex. The first of these is the main building, first occupied in 1975, which is a one-story structure covering approximately 20,000 square feet. This building houses most of the present activity. The second of these buildings is a two-story, garage-like structure, built in 1948, which the staff refers to as the "shop". This houses marine radar type acceptance testing; it also serves as a small testing laboratory and a storage shelter for some heavy mechanical equipment. The third principal building in the laboratory group is a "Cape Cod" style brick building built in 1941, which outwardly resembles a residence. This building was the principal Laboratory building until the new main building was occupied in 1975 and, at present, serves only for storage. TEST RANGES The Laboratory contains five open-field test ranges for field strength measurements. There are two 3-meter test ranges, one open and the other circumscribed by a wooden structure which can be covered by an inflated nylon bag. The enclosable range permits field strength measurements of open-field accuracy to be made regardless of the weather -- almost! We say almost, because the inflated bag cannot withstand high or gusty winds and must be deflated during windstorms or risk destruction. This enclosable structure is built on a concrete slab, covered by a wire mesh ground screen, 28 feet in diameter. There is also an outdoor 10-meter range, which is superimposed on the outdoor 3-meter range. The other two outdoor test ranges are a 100-foot and a 500-foot range superimposed. There is a rotatable platform capable of rotating an automobile or pick-up truck, and two small wooden shelters for housing measuring equipment, these shelters being 100 ft. and 500 ft., respectively, distant from the platform. CALIBRATION CAPABILITIES Calibration of Laboratory and FCC Field test equipment is done, in most cases, through use of secondary standards. These secondary standards are power meters, attenuators, and field strength meters which are calibrated periodically by the National Bureau of Standards at Boulder, Colorado, and are kept at the FCC Laboratory strictly for calibration of Laboratory and FCC Field Operations Bureau equipment which is in everyday use. STANDARDS The standards used by the FCC, both in its Laboratory and in its Field Operations Bureau, which are traceable to the National Bureau of Standards, are maintained at the Laboratory, as follows: Frequency: Two radio receivers are employed to utilize National Bureau of Standards (NBS) standard frequency transmissions from radio station WWVB (60 kHz) in Boulder, Colorado. Two local oscillators are phase- compared with the NBS signals to provide local frequency standards with accuracy of one part in 10 or better. Standard Field Generation: A loop antenna test site provides calibrated induction fields with accuracies of 1%, over a frequency range of 50 kHz to 25 MHz. Power: A power meter and thermistor mounts calibrated by NBS are the standards for power measurement capability from 10 MHz to 40 GHz with accuracy of 1%, over a wide power range up to about 1 kW. Field Strength: A small, portable field strength meter with frequency range 540 kHz to 5 MHz is calibrated by NBS to 2% accuracy. Field Strength Meter Antenna Calibration: Field strength meter antennas are evaluated on the basis of calculated characteristics of dipole antennas and measured characteristics of balun transformers. Attenuation: An attenuator calibrator with an internal standard which is periodically calibrated by NBS permits attenuation measurements with an accuracy of 0.1 dB per 10 dB over a frequency range of 10 MHz to 12.4 GHz. EQUIPMENT AUTHORIZATION PROGRAM INTRODUCTION The Federal Communications Commission is responsible, among other things, for promoting the effective use of the radio frequency spectrum in the public interest. This responsibility includes the regulation of the kinds of apparatus that use the spectrum for communication by way of radio transmission or that generate radio frequency energy for other purposes and may interfere with spectrum use. The Commission's main tool for fulfilling this responsibility is the equipment authorization program administered by the Authorization and Evaluation Division of the Office of Engineering and Technology. Simply stated, the objectives of this program are: 1. To enable the people of the United States to use modern radio communications to maximum advantage, with a minimum of radio frequency interference; 2. To assure that equipment subject to the Commission's Rules, or to statutory and international treaty requirements meets those requirements when marketed in the United States; 3. To protect the integrity of authorized radio communication services from radio frequency interference created by improperly designed equipment. Prior to about 1955, the equipment authorization program was not a major program of the Commission. In the past, the spectrum was used by a comparatively small number of relatively sophisticated users, and the equipment authorization program was of lesser importance. This situation has changed dramatically. We are quickly becoming the world's first electronic society. Because of a rapidly growing economy and a dynamic technology, the demand for use of the spectrum is constantly increasing. Just a few years ago, it was uncommon for the average American family to have even one transmitting device. Today, we estimate that the average family has at least two such devices. About one hundred and fifty million new transmitters are in use. Unless this intense and expanding use of the spectrum is managed properly, increasing interference will degrade radio communications in the United States. Thus, the Commission must investigate new equipment and techniques, examine new products prior to marketing and develop standards relative to equipment operating parameters. It is the nature of spectrum interference problems that they must be anticipated long before they manifest themselves. If the problem is not treated in time, the cure is impossible. Hence, the equipment authorization program has been established whereby, for many kinds of equipment, the FCC requires a showing of compliance and issues a grant of authorization before equipment is marketed. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE The current equipment authorization program has evolved from early Commission efforts to reduce radio frequency interference caused by electronic devices. The program began in the 1930's with type approval of ship radiotelegraph and standard broadcast transmitters. It was expanded just prior to World War II to include non-communicating devices such as diathermy machines that produced interference incidental to their operation. These initial programs were conducted by the Field Bureau through on-site tests of transmitters and use of special vehicles to investigate individual interference problems. The initial program treated "ad hoc" individual problems rather than general problems. In the early 1950's responsibility for the program was shifted to the Chief Engineer and it began to take the shape it has today. Type acceptance was established for most kinds of mobile, and broadcast, transmitters. Certification was established for receiving and low power transmitting devices. The program has grown from type approval of ship radiotelegraph equipment in the 1930's to today's program where about 80 different categories of equipment, as classified in the Commission's Rules, are regulated by the equipment authorization program. There is a document, OET Bulletin 61, issued recently and available from the Commission, listing the categories of equipment subject to the program, and giving further information about the procedures, their applicability, and importation regulations for radio frequency devices. PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES OF PROGRAM 1. Equipment authorization. Involves: -Review of applications for equipment authorization -Equipment testing -Issuance of grant or denial of equipment authorization -Records and files 2. Examination of facilities used by manufacturers and applicants to make measurements for equipment authorization purposes. (Information on such test facilities is required by Part 15 of FCC Rules.) Engineering review of written report is required. 3. Compilation and publication of lists of approved equipment. Drafting and publication of documents concerning test procedures and FCC rule requirements for specific kinds of equipment. Providing information by correspondence and by telephone to manufacturers and others in need of it, concerning FCC Rules as they affect the characteristics and the marketing of equipment. Information concerning applications for equipment authorization, and authorized devices is available by computer to the public. SCOPE OF PROGRAM AND RESOURCES REQUIRED The equipment authorization program, as it is in operation today, encompasses about 80 regulatory categories of equipment plus advance approval of over-the- air subscription television systems and utilizes 15 full time employees at the FCC Laboratory. Additional support is given to the equipment authorization program by other personnel at the FCC Laboratory and other organizational units of the FCC. STATISTICAL INFORMATION Statistical information showing equipment authorizations issued is listed in the FCC Annual Report published annually. FCC LABORATORY MANAGEMENT STAFF Robert L. Cutts, Chief, Authorization and Evaluation Division Columbia, Maryland (301) 725-1585 John T. Robinson, Deputy Chief, Authorization and Evaluation Division Columbia, Maryland (301) 725-1585 Robert M. Bromery, Chief Deputy Chief, Authorization and Evaluation Division Washington, DC (202) AUTHORIZATION AND EVALUATION DIVISION BRANCHES Technical Standards Branch Washington, DC (202) Chief/Vacant Charles M. Cobbs Chief, Equipment Authorization Branch Columbia, Maryland (301) 725-1585 Chief, Engineering and Evaluation Branch Columbia, Maryland (301) 725-1585 David Means Leslie (Art) Wall Chief, Sampling and Measurement Branch Columbia, Maryland (301) 725-1585 LABORATORY MAILING ADDRESS: Federal Communications Commission 7435 Oakland Mills Rd., Columbia, MD 21046 OPERATING HOURS: 8:00 AM - 4:30 PM DIRECTIONS TO LABORATORY - From Washington, DC I-95 North to Exit 38A (32 East, Ft Meade) 32 East to Exit marked Route 1 North - Elkridge Route 1 North to Traffic Light (Guilford Road) Left at Guilford Road Guilford Road to Oakland Mills Road Right on Oakland Mills Road, Lab 1/4 mile on right I-95 North to Route 175 West Route 175 West to Snowden River Parkway Left on Snowden River to Oakland Mills Rd Left on Oakland Mills Rd, Lab 1 mile on left Route 29 North to Route 175 East Route 175 East to Snowden River Parkway Right on Snowden River to Oakland Mills Rd Left on Oakland Mills Rd, Lab 1 mile on left - From Baltimore, Maryland I-95 South to Route 175 West 175 West to Snowden River Parkway Left on Snowden River to Oakland Mills Rd Left on Oakland Mills Rd, Lab 1 mile on left - From Baltimore Washington International Airport Rte 46 West to BWI Parkway BWI Parkway South toward Washington, DC to Rte 175 175 West to Snowden River Parkway Left on Snowden River to Oakland Mills Rd Left on Oakland Mills Rd, Lab 1 mile on left Route 295 South to Route 175 West Route 175 West to Snowden River Parkway Left on Snowden River to Oakland Mills Rd Left on Oakland Mills, Lab 1 mile on left October 17, 1990 ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON ADVANCED TELEVISION SERVICE ____________________ SCHEDULE OF MEETINGS The following schedule is based on information available as of 10:00 a.m. Tuesday, October 16, 1990. Meetings of Advisory Groups and Working Parties may be changed without advance public notice. Interested parties should contact the appropriate Chair or Vice Chair if additional information is desired. (New meetings and changes are highlighted.) The schedule of meetings also is available on the FCC Laboratory Public Access Link (PAL). PAL can be accessed at (301) 725-1072 at either 300 or 1200 baud for five minute intervals, 8:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. (EST) and fifteen minute intervals, 8:00 p.m. - 8:00 a.m. (EST). After connection, PAL is accessed by striking one or more "carriage returns." The schedule of meetings is accessed through item 6 (Public Notices) of the user menu, which is displayed after proper connection with PAL has been completed. SS/WP2 ATS EVALUATION AND TESTING Tuesday, October 23/11:00 a.m. PBS Building 1320 Braddock Place Alexandria, Virginia Chair Mark Richer (703) 739-5469 SS/WP3 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT IS/WP2 TRANSITION SCENARIOS Wednesday, October 24/10:30 a.m. Bellcore 2101 L Street, N.W. - Suite 600 B1 & B2 Floor 6 Washington, DC Chair Larry Thorpe (201) 833-5261 Chair J. Peter Bingham (615) 521-4569 SS/WP4 SYSTEMS STANDARDS Thursday, October 25/10:30 a.m. HBO 1100 Avenue of the Americas 7th Floor Conference Room New York City, NY Chair Robert Hopkins (202) 828-3130 PS/WP6 ATS SUBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT Tuesday, October 30/10:00 a.m. NAB 1771 N Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. Chair Craig Tanner (303) 939-8500 PS/WP3 ATS SPECTRUM UTILIZATION AND ALTERNATIVES Tuesday, October 30/2:00 p.m. Bellcore Offices 2101 L Street, N.W. Washington, DC Chair Dale Hatfield (303) 442-5393 SS/WP1 ATS SYSTEMS ANALYSIS Monday, November 5/10:00 a.m. Bellcore 2101 L Street, N.W. - Rooms B1 & B2 - 6th Floor Entrance on 21st Street - Suite 600 Washington, DC Chair Birney Dayton (916) 265-1000 SYSTEMS SUBCOMMITTEE (SS) Tuesday, November 6/10:00 a.m. - 1:00 p.m. PBS Building 1320 Braddock Place - Floor 6 Alexandria, Virginia Chair Irwin Dorros (201) 740-3200 After the Systems Subcommittee meeting on Tuesday, November 6, Peter Fannon, Executive Director of the ATTC, has offered to host a tour of the new facilities for the members of the Systems Subcommittee. IMPLEMENTATION SUBCOMMITTEE (IS) Thursday, January 31/10:00 a.m. Federal Communications Commission Commission Meeting Room, Rm. 856 1919 M Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. Chair James Tietjen (609) 734-2237 NOTE: TO INCLUDE A MEETING ANNOUNCEMENT IN THIS WEEKLY MEETING NOTICE, CONTACT VIVETTE HART AT (202) 632-7060 OR ROBERT BROMERY AT (202) 653-7315. THE DEADLINE IS 10:00 A.M. EACH TUESDAY FOR RELEASE THE NEXT DAY. FCC INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN VERIFICATION REPORTS CLARIFIED Business computers and TV receivers are examples of devices subject to technical standards that are designed to minimize their interference potential to radio and TV reception. In addition, these specific RF devices are subject to verification by the manufacturer or the party responsible for importing the device into the U.S.A. Verification is the least burdensome of the equipment authorization procedures for a device subject to the FCC Rules. This procedure requires the manufacturer or importer to test the device for compliance with the applicable FCC Rules and to maintain the test report and other information enumerated in 47 CFR 2.955. The Commission does not issue a grant of authorization for devices subject to verification. A recent review of a number of verification test reports submitted by manufacturers of Class A computing devices indicates that many of the reports have been found to be inadequate for determining compliance with the FCC Rules and regulations. To correct this situation, manufacturers and importers of radio frequency devices subject to FCC Rules are cautioned that data in verification test reports required by 47 CFR 2.951 et seq. of the Commission's Rules must contain, as a minimum, the information listed below. In addition to the AC line conducted and radiated test data demonstrating compliance with the Commission's Rules, all verification test reports shall include, as a minimum, the following information: 1. Date of test - The verification test report shall indicate the actual date all testing was performed. 2. Company performing the tests - The verification report shall state the name of the test laboratory, company, or individual performing the verification testing. Please be advised that the Commission may request additional information regarding the test site, the test equipment, or the qualifications of the company or individual performing verification tests in order to determine if a Class A computing device has been properly tested. 3. Signature on the test report - The verification test report shall be signed by the individual responsible for determining if the Class A computing device complies with the Commission's Rules. It shall also include the name and signature of an official of the company responsible for marketing the device under test. 4. Description of the test procedure - The verification test report shall contain a description of how the device was actually tested. For example, with a computer, merely stating that the device was tested per MP-4 is not enough of a description. The description shall include the following, but is not limited to: (a) A list of the test equipment used. (b) Description of the EUT and support equipment. Support equipment for a computer includes the external peripherals and internal cards with which the EUT is tested. (c) Identification of the EUT and support equipment by model number and/or FCCID, and, if appropriate, serial number. (d) Types and lengths of interface cables used and how they were arranged or moved during testing. (e) Photographs - At least two photographs shall be included in the verification test report; one showing the test set-up for the highest line conducted emission and the other one showing the test set-up for the highest radiated emission. These photographs must be focused originals which show enough detail to confirm other information contained in the test report. (f) Modifications made to the EUT - The verification test report should list all modifications, if any, made to the EUT by the testing company or individual to achieve compliance with the FCC Rules. For further guidelines on what information to include in verification test reports, please refer to Paragraph 7.0, Data Recording Format, contained in FCC measurement procedure MP-4, revised July 1987. Questions concerning this Public Notice, may be directed to Mr. Richard Fabina at the FCC Laboratory, 7435 Oakland Mills Road, Columbia, MD 21046, telephone 301-725-1585. End of listing : .