




                        W H A T    I S    S H A R E W A R E ?
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                    Copyright (c) 1997  Swimming Elk Software.
                                 All Rights Reserved.


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                                  TABLE OF CONTENTS
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          Some Definitions .............................................. 1
          The Shareware Concept ......................................... 2
          The Association of Shareware Professionals .................... 2
          Contacting ASP Members Online ................................. 3
          Author Address Changes ........................................ 4
          For More Information .......................................... 6


          Some Definitions:
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          You've probably heard the terms "public domain", "freeware",
          "shareware", "trialware", and others like them. Your favorite 
          download site probably has many programs described by one or 
          more of these words. The terms give rise to a lot of confusion,
          but each actually has a specific meaning and implication.
          Once you understand them, you will have a much easier time
          navigating the maze of programs available to you, and
          understanding what your obligations are, or aren't, with each
          type of program.

          Let's start with some basic definitions.



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          "Public domain" has a very specific legal meaning.  It means that
          the creator of a work (in this case, software), who had legal
          ownership of that work, has given up ownership and dedicated the
          work "to the public domain".  Once something is in the public
          domain, anyone can use it in any way they choose, and the author
          has no control over the use and cannot demand payment for it.

          If you find a program which the author has explicitly put into
          the public domain, you are free to use it however you see fit
          without paying for the right to use it.  But take care - due to
          the confusion over the meaning of the words, programs might be 
          described erroneously as being "public domain" when, in fact, they
          are shareware or free copyrighted software.  To be certain that a
          program is public domain, you should look for an explicit
          statement from the author to that effect.

          "Copyrighted" is the opposite of public domain.  A copyrighted
          program is one where the author has asserted his or her legal
          right to control the program's use and distribution by placing
          the legally required copyright notices in the program and
          documentation.  The law gives copyright owners broad rights to
          restrict how their work is distributed, and provides for
          penalties for those who violate these restrictions.  When you
          find a program which is copyrighted, you must use it in
          accordance with the copyright owner's restrictions regarding
          distribution and payment.  Usually, these are clearly stated in
          the program documentation.

          Maintaining a copyright does not necessarily imply charging a
          fee, so it is perfectly possible and legal to have copyrighted
          programs which are distributed free of charge.  The fact that a
          program is free, however, does not mean it is in the public
          domain - though this is a common confusion.

          "Shareware" is copyrighted software which is distributed by
          software companies via the Internet, bulletin boards, on-line services, 
          CD ROM & diskette vendors, and through copies circulated among friends.  
          It is commercial software which you are allowed to use and evaluate 
          before paying for it. This makes shareware the ultimate in 
          money back guarantees.

          Shareware is NOT demonstration software, and should never be
          described as such, since it is fully (and often continuously)
          functioning, allowing complete evaluation by an end user.
          Demonstration software is either severely limited in function
          from the start, or else will shut down after a short period
          of use, leaving the user without access. The terms shareware
          and demo are thus mutually exclusive.


          The Shareware Concept:
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          Most money back guarantees work like this:  You pay for the
          product and then have some period of time to try it out and see
          whether or not you like it.  If you don't like it or find that it
          doesn't do what you need, you return it (undamaged) and at some
          point - which might take months - you get your money back.  Some
          software companies won't even let you try their products!  In
          order to qualify for a refund, the diskette envelope must have an
          unbroken seal.  With these "licensing" agreements, you only



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          qualify for your money back if you haven't tried the product.
          How absurd!

          Shareware is very different.  With shareware you get to use it
          for a limited time, without spending a penny.  You are able to
          use the software on your own system(s), in your own special work
          environment, with no sales people looking over your shoulder.  If
          you decide not to continue using it, you throw it away and forget
          all about it.  No paperwork, phone calls, or correspondence to
          waste your valuable time.  If you do continue using it, then -
          and only then - do you pay for it.

          Shareware is a distribution method, NOT a type of software.
          Shareware is produced by accomplished programmers, just like
          retail software.  There is good and bad shareware, just as there
          is good and bad retail software.  The primary difference between
          shareware and retail software is that with shareware you know if
          it's good or bad BEFORE you pay for it.

          As a software user, you benefit because you get to use the
          software to determine whether it meets your needs before you pay
          for it, and authors benefit because they are able to get their
          products into your hands without the hundreds of thousands of
          dollars in expenses it takes to launch a traditional retail
          software product.  There are many programs on the market today
          which would never have become available without the shareware
          marketing method.

          The shareware system and the continued availability of quality
          shareware packages depend on your willingness to purchase
          the shareware you use. It's your ordering of our software
          which allows us to continue to develop our products.

          Please show your support for shareware distribution by purchasing 
          the programs you actually use, and by encouraging others to try them.
          Often nowadays, a fully registered copy is little more than a phone
          call or e-mail away. Internet registration is becoming the norm.

          Shareware can only survive through YOUR active support! 
          AND AT THIS PERIOD IN ITS SHORT HISTORY IT IS VERY DEFINITELY 
          AN ENDANGERED SPECIES.



          The Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP):
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          In the early days of shareware there were no real standards.
          Independent authors had no efficient way to learn from each other
          or to work together to improve the overall image of shareware.
          There was no system in place to ensure that users were treated
          fairly and professionally.  There was no way for users to find an
          address for an author who had moved.  In short, the shareware
          community was disorganized and each author did things the way he
          or she thought was best.  It was clear that if shareware was ever
          to become a viable and respected marketing alternative, there had
          to be some standardization.  There had to be some guidelines to
          best serve the users.

          In 1987 a handful of shareware authors founded the Association of
          Shareware Professionals (ASP).  In forming this industry
          association, these shareware authors had several primary goals in
          mind, including:

              o  To inform users about shareware programs and about
                 shareware as a method of distributing and marketing
                 software.

              o  To foster a high degree of professionalism among shareware
                 authors by setting programming, marketing, and support
                 standards for ASP members to follow.

              o  To encourage broader distribution of shareware through
                 user groups and disk dealers who agree to identify and
                 explain the nature of shareware.

              o  To assist members in marketing their software.


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              o  To provide a forum through which ASP members may
                 communicate, share ideas, and learn from each other.

          The newly formed Association of Shareware Professionals worked
          together to draft a code of ethics for all present and future
          members.  This code of ethics included several requirements that
          soon became very popular among users (customers), including:

              o  A member's program (evaluation version) could not be
                 limited (crippled) in any way.*  In the true spirit of
                 Try-Before-You-Buy, users must be able to evaluate all the
                 features in a program before paying the registration fee.

              o  Members must respond to every registration.  At the very
                 least they must send a receipt for the payment.

              o  Members must provide technical support for their products
                 for at least 90 days from the date of registration.

          * The rules have now changed in regard to 'crippling', largely
          through widespread abuses by users.

          A new system was put in place to help ensure that users were
          treated fairly and professionally.  If a user was unable to
          resolve a problem with a member author then the user could
          contact the ASP Ombudsman with their complaint.  The Ombudsman
          would then try to help resolve the dispute.  For more complete
          details regarding the Ombudsman, please refer to the "ASP
          Ombudsman Statement" below (page 8).

          In 1991, the ASP had over 300 author members and almost 200 vendor 
          members, with new members joining every week. Today these numbers have
          more than quadrupled.


          Contacting ASP Members Online:
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          
          First it was Compuserve...

          There is still an easy and convenient way to speak directly to many ASP
          Members (both authors and vendors).  Visit the shareware forum on
          CompuServe.  Simply type "GO SHAREWARE", "GO SHARE", or "GO
          ASPFORUM" from any CompuServe ! prompt.

          But AOL now has its own ASP and shareware areas. So has MSN. So has
          the World Wide Web: just navigate to 

          http://www.asp-shareware.org

          You will be able to talk to the authors of your favorite
          shareware programs, learn about other programs, ask questions,
          make suggestions, and much more.  We'd love to meet you online,
          please come visit us today! 












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          Author Address Changes:
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          People move.  Forwarding orders expire.  What can you do?

             "I got a copy of a shareware program written by an ASP Member.
             I sent in the registration fee and the post office returned my
             letter saying that it was undeliverable.  Now what do I do?"

          If the author has moved then chances are very good that you have
          an old version of the program.  This is another situation that
          the ASP can help you to resolve.  ASP Members are required to
          keep the ASP informed of address changes.  If you need to obtain
          the current address for a member, simply write to the following
          address:

             ASP Executive Director
             545 Grover Road
             Muskegon, MI  49442-9427
             U.S.A.

          or send a CompuServe message via CompuServe MAIL to ASP Executive
          Director 72050,1433.  You may also FAX your request to the ASP
          Executive Director at 616-788-2765.


          For More Information:
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          If you would like to learn more about the shareware phenomenon,
          there are several excellent sources of additional information.
          Two of the best books ever written about shareware are described
          below.


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          Dr. File Finder's Guide to Shareware:
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          By Mike Callahan and Nick Anis.  Foreword by John C. Dvorak.

             "[Mike's] book distills thousands of hours of his online
             search for the crown jewels of Shareware into one usable
             guide.  As such, it may be the most valuable computer book
             you'll ever buy."
                --Jack Rickard, Publisher, Boardwatch Magazine

             "No one combines Dr. File Finder's comprehensive knowledge of
             the Shareware genre with his good taste in software. This is
             sure to be the definitive place to look for insight and
             program information."
                --Barry Simon, Former President of the Association of
                Shareware Professionals, PC Magazine Columnist, and
                Coauthor of Stackey, Batutil, and Ctrlalt

             "GREAT!  Every PC user will find something of value within
             these pages.  This book will save you a bundle."
                --Alfred Glossbrenner

             "If I were going to buy only one computer book, this would be
             it."
                --Tom Scott, Publisher, Telecomputing Magazine

          Nobody knows Shareware like the illustrious Dr. File Finder,
          known  off line as Mike Callahan.  Now, in Dr. File Finder's
          Guide to  Shareware, you can learn about dozens of leading
          Shareware programs,  including where and how to get them.  In the
          true spirit of Shareware, this book/disk package includes a disk
          full of top programs that you can try out yourself before
          registering.  Send in the card at the back of the book and you'll
          get two additional disks with more software.

          Mike Callahan, AKA Dr. File Finder, is the world's leading
          authority on Shareware.  He regularly accesses thousands of
          bulletin board systems and has been a major force in promoting
          many of the top Shareware packages.  Callahan has spent several
          years and thousands of hours helping people around the world
          learn more about Shareware.

          Nick Anis is the coauthor of several acclaimed best-sellers in
          the  Dvorak*Osborne imprint, including Dvorak's Guide to PC
          Telecommunications, Dvorak's Guide to Desktop Telecommunications,
          and Glossbrenner's Complete Hard Disk Handbook.

          $39.95, ISBN: 0-07-881646-7, 950 pp. 7 3/8 X 9 1/4.  AVAILABLE
          NOW AT YOUR LOCAL BOOK OR COMPUTER STORE OR CALL TOLL-FREE
          1-800-227-0900 (M-F, 8:30 - 4:30 PST)



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          Shareware:  "Try Before You Buy" Software:
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
          Perhaps you've read Rob Rosenberger's well known and highly
          acclaimed treatise on the computer virus problem.  If you liked
          that article then you'll love his excellent book on Shareware.
          This book is a must for anyone who is interested in Shareware,
          what to look for (and look out for), and where to find it.  In
          this book, shareware author and writer Rob Rosenberger delves
          into the very heart of Shareware, telling you who developed the
          concept and why.

          You'll know why these programs:  * undercut the price of retail
          software * helped bring down the use of copy protection schemes *
          receive numerous editorial and reader survey awards * generate
          more sales than retail software in some cases * make retail OS/2
          software developers so nervous * are falsely accused of spreading
          computer "viruses".

          Rob shows you where you can find good Shareware.  You'll learn to
          beware of companies that make money by abusing the "try before
          you buy" concept.  And you'll discover where Shareware is heading
          in the near future.

             "A lot of good books devote just one or two chapters to the
             concept and history of Shareware.  I'm pleased to say there is
             finally a reference book on the subject."
                --Jim Button, cofounder of the Shareware concept

             "It's filled with accurate information for anyone who wants to
             learn about one of the most significant sources of high-
             quality software."
                --Edward Mendelson, contributing editor, PC Magazine

          Here's all the information you need to obtain your copy of this
          outstanding book:

             Shareware:  "Try Before You Buy" Software.  By Rob Rosenberger.
             Third Edition.  Only $6.95!

             Paradise Publishing                 Phone:  (800) 233-2451
             3111 S. Valley View Blvd., Suite B-105
             Las Vegas, NV  89102   U.S.A.

