                        AGREEMENT ESTABLISHING THE 
                      MULTILATERAL TRADE ORGANIZATION  
                                     
           
      The Parties to this Agreement,

      Recognizing that their relations in the field of trade and economic 
endeavour should be conducted with a view to raising standards of living, 
ensuring full employment and a large and steadily growing volume of real 
income and effective demand, and expanding the production and trade in goods 
and services, while allowing for the optimal use of the world's resources in 
accordance with the objective of sustainable development, seeking both to 
protect and preserve the environment and enhance the means for doing so in a 
manner consistent with their respective needs and concerns at different 
levels of economic development,

      Recognizing further that there is need for positive efforts designed 
to ensure that developing countries, and especially the least developed 
among them, secure a share in the growth in international trade commensurate 
with the needs of their economic development,

      Being desirous of contributing to these objectives by entering into 
reciprocal and mutually advantageous arrangements directed to the 
substantial reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade and to the 
elimination of discriminatory treatment in international trade relations,

      Resolved, therefore, to develop an integrated, more viable and durable 
multilateral trading system encompassing the General Agreement on Tariffs 
and Trade, the results of past trade liberalization efforts,  and all of the 
results of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations,

      Determined to preserve the basic principles and to further the 
objectives underlying this multilateral trading system,
      
      Agree as follows:

                                 Article I
                     Establishment of the Organization

      The Multilateral Trade Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the 
MTO") is hereby established.


                                Article II
                             Scope of the MTO

1.    The MTO shall provide the common institutional framework for the 
conduct of trade relations among its Members in matters related to the 
agreements and associated legal instruments included in the Annexes to this 
Agreement.

2.    The agreements and associated legal instruments included in Annexes 1, 
2 and 3 (hereinafter referred to as "Multilateral Trade Agreements") are 
integral parts of this Agreement, binding on all Members.

3.     The agreements and associated legal instruments included in Annex 4 
(hereinafter referred to as "Plurilateral Trade Agreements") are also part 
of this Agreement for those Members that have accepted them, and are binding  
on  those Members.  The Plurilateral Trade Agreements do not create either 
obligations or rights for Members that have not accepted them. 

4.    The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in Annex 1A (hereinafter 
referred to as "GATT 1994") is legally distinct from the General Agreement 
on Tariffs and Trade, dated 30 October 1947, as subsequently rectified, 
amended or modified (hereinafter referred to as "GATT 1947").


                                Article III
                           Functions of the MTO

1.    The MTO shall facilitate the implementation, administration, 
operation, and further the objectives, of this Agreement and of the 
Multilateral Trade Agreements, and shall also provide the framework for the 
implementation, administration and operation of the Plurilateral Trade 
Agreements.

2.    The MTO shall provide the forum for negotiations among its Members 
concerning their multilateral trade relations in matters dealt with under 
the agreements in the annexes to this Agreement.  The MTO may also provide a 
forum for further negotiations among its Members concerning their 
multilateral trade relations, and a framework for the implementation of the 
results of such negotiations, as may be decided by the Ministerial 
Conference.

3.    The MTO shall administer the Understanding on Rules and Procedures 
Governing the Settlement of Disputes in Annex 2 to this Agreement.  

4.    The MTO shall administer the Trade Policy Review Mechanism provided 
for in Annex 3 to this Agreement.

5.    With a view to achieving greater coherence in global economic 
policy-making, the MTO shall cooperate, as appropriate, with the 
International Monetary Fund and with the International Bank for 
Reconstruction and Development and its affiliated agencies.


                                Article IV
                           Structure of the MTO

1.    There shall be a Ministerial Conference composed of representatives of 
all the Members, which shall meet at least once every two years.  The 
Ministerial Conference shall carry out the functions of the MTO, and take 
actions necessary to this effect.  The Ministerial Conference shall have the 
authority to take decisions on all matters under any of the Multilateral 
Trade Agreements, if so requested by a Member, in accordance with the 
specific requirements for decision-making in this Agreement and in any 
Multilateral Trade Agreement.

2.    There shall be a General Council composed of representatives of all 
the Members, which shall meet as appropriate.  In the intervals between 
meetings of the Ministerial Conference, its functions shall be conducted by 
the General Council.  The General Council shall also carry out the functions 
assigned to it by this Agreement.  The General Council shall establish its 
rules of procedure and approve the rules of procedure for the Committees 
provided for in paragraph 7.

3.    The General Council shall convene as appropriate to discharge the 
responsibilities of the Dispute Settlement Body provided for in the 
Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes 
in Annex 2.  The Dispute Settlement Body may have its own chairman and shall 
establish such rules of procedure as it deems necessary for the fulfilment 
of those responsibilities.

4.    The General Council shall convene as appropriate to discharge the 
responsibilities of the Trade Policy Review Body provided for in the Trade 
Policy Review Mechanism in Annex 3.  The Trade Policy Review Body may have 
its own chairman and shall establish such rules of procedure as it deems 
necessary for the fulfilment of those responsibilities.
      
5.    There shall be a Council for Trade in Goods, a Council for Trade in 
Services and a Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property 
Rights (TRIPS), which shall operate under the general guidance of the 
General Council.  The Council for Trade in Goods shall oversee the 
functioning of the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annex 1A, the Council 
for Trade in Services shall oversee the functioning of the Multilateral 
Trade Agreement in Annex 1B, and the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of 
Intellectual Property Rights shall oversee the functioning of the 
Multilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 1C.  These Councils shall carry out 
the functions assigned to them by their respective agreements and by the 
General Council.  They shall establish their respective rules of procedure 
subject to the approval of the General Council.  Membership in these 
Councils shall be open to representatives of all Members.  These Councils 
shall meet as necessary to carry out their functions.

6.    The Council for Trade in Goods, the Council for Trade in Services and 
the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights shall 
establish subsidiary bodies as required.  These subsidiary bodies shall 
establish their respective rules of procedure subject to the approval of 
their respective Councils. 

7.    The Ministerial Conference shall establish a Committee on Trade and 
Development, a Committee on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions and a Committee 
on Budget, Finance and Administration, which shall carry out the functions 
assigned to them by this Agreement and by the Multilateral Trade Agreements, 
and any additional functions assigned to them by the General Council, and 
may establish such additional Committees with such functions as it may deem 
appropriate.  As part of its functions, the Committee on Trade and 
Development shall periodically review the special provisions in the 
Multilateral Trade Agreements in favour of the least-developed countries 
Members and report to the General Council for appropriate action.  
Membership in these Committees shall be open to representatives of all 
Members.  
8.    The bodies provided for under the Plurilateral Trade Agreements shall 
carry out the functions assigned to them under those Agreements and shall 
operate within the institutional framework of the MTO.  These bodies shall 
keep the General Council informed of their activities on a regular basis.
      

                                 Article V
                    Relations with other Organizations

1.    The General Council shall make appropriate arrangements for effective 
cooperation with other intergovernmental organizations that have 
responsibilities related to those of the MTO.

2.    The General Council may make appropriate arrangements for consultation 
and cooperation with non-governmental organizations concerned with matters 
related to those of the MTO.
      

                                Article VI
                              The Secretariat

1.    There is established a Secretariat of the MTO headed by a 
Director-General.

2.    The Ministerial Conference shall appoint the Director-General and 
adopt regulations setting out the powers, duties, conditions of service and 
terms of office of the Director-General.                     

3.    The Director-General shall appoint the members of the staff of the 
Secretariat and determine their duties and conditions of service in 
accordance with regulations adopted by the Ministerial Conference.      

4.    The responsibilities of the Director-General and the staff of the 
Secretariat shall be exclusively international in character.  In the 
discharge of their duties, the Director-General and the staff of the 
Secretariat shall not seek or accept instructions from any government or any 
other authority external to the MTO.  They shall refrain from any action 
which might adversely reflect on their position as international officials.  
The Members of the MTO shall respect the international character of the 
responsibilities of the Director-General and the staff of the Secretariat 
and shall not seek to influence them in the discharge of their duties.  


                                Article VII
                         Budget and Contributions

1.    The Director-General shall present to the Committee on Budget, Finance 
and Administration the annual budget estimate and financial statement of the 
MTO.  The Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration shall review the 
annual budget estimate and the financial statement presented by the 
Director-General and make recommendations thereon to the General Council.  
The annual budget estimates shall be subject to approval by the General 
Council.  
      
2.    The Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration shall propose to 
the General Council financial regulations which shall include provisions 
setting out:

      (a)  the scale of contributions apportioning the expenses of the MTO 
           among its Members;  and

      (b)  the measures to be taken in respect of Members in arrears.

The financial regulations shall be based, as far as practicable, on the 
regulations and practices of the GATT 1947.

3.    The General Council shall adopt the financial regulations and the 
annual budget estimates by a two-thirds majority comprising more than half 
of the Members of the MTO.                             

4.    Each Member shall promptly contribute to the MTO its share in the 
expenses of the MTO in accordance with the financial regulations adopted by 
the General Council.
      

                               Article VIII
                             Status of the MTO

1.    The MTO shall have legal personality, and shall be accorded by each of 
its Members such legal capacity as may be necessary for the exercise of its 
functions.

2.    The MTO shall be accorded by each of its Members such privileges and 
immunities as are necessary for the exercise of its functions.

3.    The officials of the MTO and the representatives of the Members shall 
similarly be accorded by each of its Members such privileges and immunities 
as are necessary for the independent exercise of their functions in 
connection with the MTO.         

4.    The privileges and immunities to be accorded by a Member to the MTO, 
its officials, and the representatives of its Members shall be similar to 
the privileges and immunities stipulated in the Convention on the Privileges 
and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies, approved by the General Assembly 
of the United Nations on 21 November 1947.

5.    The MTO may conclude a headquarters agreement.

      
                                Article IX
                              Decision-Making

1.    The MTO shall continue the practice of decision-making by consensus 
followed under the GATT 1947.[1]    Except as otherwise provided, where a 
decision cannot be arrived at by consensus, the matter at issue shall be 
decided by voting.  At meetings of the Ministerial Conference and the 
General Council, each Member of the MTO shall have one vote.  Where the 
European Communities exercise their right to vote, they shall have a number 
of votes equal to the number of their Member States[2] which are Members of 
the MTO.  Decisions of the Ministerial Conference and the General Council 
shall be taken by a majority of the votes cast, unless otherwise provided in 
this Agreement or the Multilateral Trade Agreements.[3]                 

2.    The Ministerial Conference and the General Council shall have the 
exclusive authority to adopt interpretations of this Agreement and of the 
Multilateral Trade Agreements.  In the case of an interpretation of a 
Multilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 1, they shall exercise their authority 
on the basis of a recommendation by the Council overseeing the functioning 
of that Agreement.  The decision to adopt an interpretation shall be taken 
by a three-fourths majority of the Members.  This paragraph shall not be 
used in a manner that would undermine the amendment provisions in Article X.

3.    In exceptional circumstances, the Ministerial Conference[4] may decide 
to waive an obligation imposed on a Member by this Agreement or any of the 
Multilateral Trade Agreements;  provided that any such decision shall be 
approved by three-fourths[5] of the Members.

      (i)  A request for a waiver concerning this Agreement shall be 
submitted to the Ministerial Conference for consideration pursuant to the 
practice of decision-making by consensus.  The Ministerial Conference shall 
establish a time-period which shall not exceed ninety days to consider the 
request.  If consensus is not reached during the time-period, any decision 
to grant a waiver shall be taken by three-fourths5 of the Members.

        (ii)  A request for a waiver concerning the Multilateral Trade 
Agreements in Annexes 1A or  1B or 1C and their annexes, shall be submitted 
initially to the Councils for Trade in Goods, the Council for Trade in 
Services or the Council for TRIPs, respectively, for consideration during a 
time-period which shall not exceed ninety days.  At the end of the 
time-period, the relevant Council shall submit a report to the Ministerial 
Conference.  

4.    A decision by the Ministerial Conference granting a waiver shall state 
the exceptional circumstances justifying the decision, the terms and 
conditions governing the application of the waiver, and the date on which 
the waiver shall terminate.  Any waiver granted for a period of more than 
one year shall be reviewed by the Ministerial Conference not later than one 
year after it is granted, and thereafter annually until the waiver 
terminates.  In each review, the Ministerial Conference shall examine 
whether the exceptional circumstances justifying the waiver still exist and 
whether the terms and conditions attached to the waiver have been met.  The 
Ministerial Conference, on the basis of the annual review, may extend, 
modify or terminate the waiver.
      
5.    Decisions under a Plurilateral Trade Agreement, including any 
decisions on interpretations and waivers, shall be governed by the 
provisions of that Agreement.


                                 Article X
                                Amendments

1.    Any Member of the MTO may initiate a proposal to amend the provisions 
of this Agreement or the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annex 1 by 
submitting such proposal to the Ministerial Conference.[6]  The Councils 
listed in Article IV may also submit to the Ministerial Conference proposals 
to amend the provisions of the corresponding Multilateral Trade Agreements 
in Annex 1 whose functioning they oversee.  For a period of ninety days 
after the proposal has been tabled formally at the Ministerial Conference, 
unless the Ministerial Conference decides on a longer period, any decision 
by the Ministerial Conference to submit the proposed amendment to the 
Members for acceptance shall be taken by consensus.  Unless the provisions 
of paragraphs 2, 5 or 6 apply, that decision shall specify whether the 
provisions of paragraphs 3 or 4 shall apply.  If consensus is reached, the 
Ministerial Conference shall forthwith submit the proposed amendment to the 
Members for acceptance.  If consensus is not reached at a meeting of the 
Ministerial Conference within the established period, the Ministerial 
Conference shall decide by a two-thirds majority of the Members whether to 
submit the proposed amendment to the Members for acceptance.  Except as 
provided in paragraphs 2, 5 and 6, the provisions of paragraph 3 shall apply 
to the proposed amendment, unless the Ministerial Conference decides by a 
three-fourths majority of the Members that the provisions of paragraph 4 
shall apply.

2.    Amendments to the provisions of this Article and to the provisions of 
the following enumerated Articles shall take effect only upon acceptance by 
all Members:

      Article IX of this Agreement;
      Articles I and II of the GATT 1994, in Annex 1A;
      Article II:1 of the General Agreement on Trade in Services, in Annex 
1B;
      Article 4 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual 
Property Rights, including                                               
Trade in Counterfeit  Goods, in Annex 1C.

3.    Amendments to provisions of this Agreement, or the Multilateral Trade 
Agreements in Annexes 1A and 1C, other than those listed in paragraphs 2 and 
6, of a nature that would alter the rights and obligations of the Members, 
shall take effect for the Members that have accepted them upon acceptance by 
two-thirds of the Members and thereafter for each other Member upon 
acceptance by it.  The Ministerial Conference may decide by a three-fourths 
majority of the Members that any amendment made effective under this 
paragraph is of such a nature that any Member which has not accepted it 
within a period specified by the Ministerial Conference in each case, shall 
be free to withdraw from the MTO or to remain a Member with the consent of 
the Ministerial Conference.

4.    Amendments to provisions of this Agreement or the Multilateral Trade 
Agreements in Annexes 1A and 1C, other than those listed in paragraphs 2 and 
6, of a nature that would not alter the rights and obligations of the 
Members, shall take effect for all Members upon acceptance by two-thirds of 
the Members.

5.    Except as provided in paragraph 2 above, amendments to Parts I, II and 
III of the General Agreement on Trade in Services, in Annex 1B, and the 
respective annexes shall take effect for the Members that have accepted them 
upon acceptance by two-thirds of the Members and thereafter for each Member 
upon acceptance by it.  The Ministerial Conference may decide by a 
three-fourths majority of the Members that any amendment made effective 
under the preceding provision is of such a nature that any Member which has 
not accepted it within a period specified by the Ministerial Conference in 
each case shall be free to withdraw from the MTO or to remain a Member with 
the consent of the Ministerial Conference.  Amendments to Parts IV, V and VI 
of the General Agreement on Trade in Services, in Annex 1B, and the 
respective annexes shall take effect for all Members upon acceptance by 
two-thirds of the Members. 
      
6.    Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Article, amendments to 
the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, 
including Trade in Counterfeit Goods, in Annex 1C, meeting the requirements 
of Article 71, paragraph 2, of that Agreement may be adopted by the 
Ministerial Conference without further formal acceptance process.

7.    Any Member accepting an amendment to this Agreement or a Multilateral 
Trade Agreement in Annex 1 shall deposit an instrument of acceptance with 
the Director-General of the MTO within the period of acceptance specified by 
the Ministerial Conference.

8.    Any Member of the MTO may initiate a proposal to amend the provisions 
of the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annexes 2 and 3 by submitting such 
proposal to the Ministerial Conference.  The decision to approve amendments 
to the Multilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 2 shall be made by consensus 
and these amendments shall take effect for all Members upon approval by the 
Ministerial Conference.  Decisions to approve amendments to the Multilateral 
Trade Agreement in Annex 3 shall take effect for all Members upon approval 
by the Ministerial Conference.

9.    The Ministerial Conference, upon the request of the Members parties to 
a trade Agreement, may decide exclusively by consensus to add that Agreement 
to Annex 4.  The Ministerial Conference, upon the request of the Members 
parties to a Plurilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 4, may decide to delete 
that Agreement from Annex 4.

10.   Amendments to a Plurilateral Trade Agreement in Annex 4 shall be 
governed by the provisions of that Agreement.


                                Article XI
                            Original Membership

1.    The contracting parties to the GATT 1947 as of the date of entry into 
force of this Agreement and the European Communities which accept this 
Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements and for which Schedules of 
Concessions and Commitments are annexed to the GATT 1994 and for which 
Schedules of Specific Commitments are annexed to the General Agreement on 
Trade in Services in Annex 1B shall become original Members of the MTO. 
      
2.    The least developed countries recognized as such by the United Nations 
will only be required to undertake commitments and concessions to the extent 
consistent with their individual development, financial and trade needs or 
their administrative and institutional capabilities.


                                Article XII
                                 Accession

1.    Any state or separate customs territory possessing full autonomy in 
the conduct of its external commercial relations and of the other matters 
provided for in this Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements may 
accede to this Agreement, on terms to be agreed between it and the MTO.  
Such accession shall apply to this Agreement and the Multilateral Trade 
Agreements annexed thereto.                                  

2.    Decisions on accession shall be taken by the Ministerial Conference.  
The Ministerial Conference shall approve the agreement on the terms of 
accession by a two-thirds majority of the Members of the MTO.

3.    Accession to a Plurilateral Trade Agreement shall be governed by the 
provisions of that Agreement.

      
                               Article XIII
             Non-Application of Multilateral Trade Agreements
                        between Particular Members

1.    This Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements in Annexes 1 and 
2 shall not apply as between any Member and any other Member if either of 
the Members, at the time either becomes a Member, does not consent to such 
application.

2.    Paragraph 1 may be invoked between original Members of the MTO who 
were contracting parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947 
only where Article XXXV of that Agreement had been invoked earlier and was 
effective as between those contracting parties at the time of entry into 
force for them of this Agreement.

3.    Paragraph 1 shall apply between a Member and another Member which 
accedes under Article XII only if the Member not consenting to the 
application has so notified the Ministerial Conference before the approval 
of the agreement on the terms of accession by the Ministerial Conference.

4.    The Ministerial Conference may review the operation of this Article in 
particular cases at the request of any Member and make appropriate 
recommendations.

5.    Non-application of a Plurilateral Trade Agreement between parties to 
that Agreement shall be governed by the provisions of that Agreement.


                                Article XIV
                 Acceptance, Entry into Force and Deposit

1.    This Agreement shall be open for acceptance, by signature or 
otherwise, by contracting parties to the GATT 1947 and the European 
Communities which are eligible to become original Members of the MTO in 
accordance with Article XI of this Agreement.  Such acceptance shall apply 
to this Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed thereto.  
This Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed thereto shall 
enter into force on the date determined by Ministers in accordance with  
paragraph 3 of the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of 
Multilateral Trade Negotiations and shall remain open for acceptance for a 
period of two years following that date unless the Ministers decide 
otherwise.  An acceptance following the entry into force of this Agreement 
shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the deposit of the 
instrument of acceptance.                   

2.    A Member which accepts this Agreement after its entry into force shall 
implement those concessions and obligations in the Multilateral Trade 
Agreements that are to be implemented over a period of time starting with 
the entry into force of this Agreement as if it had accepted this Agreement 
on the date of its entry into force.

3.    Until the entry into force of this Agreement, the text of this 
Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements shall be deposited with the 
Director-General to the CONTRACTING PARTIES to the GATT 1947.  The 
Director-General shall promptly furnish a certified true copy of this 
Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements, and a notification of each 
acceptance thereof, to each signatory of this Agreement.  This Agreement and 
the Multilateral Trade Agreements, and any amendments thereto, shall, upon 
the entry into force of this Agreement, be deposited with the 
Director-General of the MTO.                           

4.    The acceptance and entry into force of a Plurilateral Trade Agreement 
shall be governed by the provisions of that Agreement.  Such Agreements 
shall be deposited with the Director-General of the MTO.
      

                                Article XV
                                Withdrawal

1.    Any Member may withdraw from this Agreement.  Such withdrawal shall 
apply both to this Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements and shall 
take effect upon the expiration of six months from the date on which written 
notice of withdrawal is received by the Director-General of the MTO.

2.    Withdrawal from a Plurilateral Trade Agreement shall be governed by 
the provisions of that Agreement.

      
                                Article XVI
                         Miscellaneous Provisions

1.    Except as otherwise provided for under this Agreement or the 
Multilateral Trade Agreements, the MTO shall be guided by the decisions, 
procedures and customary practices followed by the CONTRACTING PARTIES of 
the GATT 1947 and the bodies established in the framework of the GATT 1947.

2.    To the extent practicable, the Secretariat of the GATT 1947 shall 
become the Secretariat of the MTO, and the Director-General to the 
CONTRACTING PARTIES to the GATT 1947, until such time as the Ministerial 
Conference has appointed a Director-General in accordance with Article VI:2 
of this Agreement, shall serve as Director-General of the MTO.

3.    In the event of a conflict between the provisions of this Agreement 
and the provisions of any of the Multilateral Trade Agreements, the 
provisions of this Agreement shall prevail.

4.    Each  Member shall ensure the conformity of its laws, regulations and 
administrative procedures with its obligations as provided in the annexed 
Agreements.                                 

5.    No reservations may be made in respect of any provisions of this 
Agreement.  Reservations in respect of any of the provisions of the 
Multilateral Trade Agreements may only be made in accordance with the 
provisions set out in those Agreements.  Reservations in respect of a 
provision of a Plurilateral Trade Agreement shall be governed by the 
provisions of that Agreement.                     

6.    This Agreement shall be registered in accordance with the provisions 
of Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.


      Done at --- this -- day of --- one thousand nine hundred and 
ninety---, in a single copy, in the English, French and Spanish languages, 
each text being authentic.

Explanatory Notes:

      The terms "country" or "countries" as used in this Agreement and the 
Multilateral Trade Agreements are to be understood to include any separate 
customs territory Member of the MTO.

      In the case of a separate customs territory Member of the MTO, where 
an expression in this Agreement and the Multilateral Trade Agreements is 
qualified by the term "national", such expression shall be read as 
pertaining to that customs territory, unless otherwise specified.
                                  ANNEXES

Annex 1A  

General interpretative note to Annex 1A:  

      In the event of conflict between a provision of the General Agreement 
on Tariffs and Trade 1994 and a provision of another agreement in Annex 1A, 
the provision of the other agreement shall take precedence to the extent of 
the conflict.

1.     General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994

      The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 (hereinafter referred 
      to as GATT 1994) consisting of:

      a.   The provisions in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 
      dated 30 October 1947 annexed to the Final Act of the second session 
      of the  Preparatory Committee of the United Nations Conference on 
      Trade and Employment (excluding the Protocol of Provisional 
      Application), as rectified, amended or otherwise modified by the terms 
      of legal instruments which have entered into force before the date of 
      entry into force of the Agreement Establishing the Multilateral Trade 
      Organization Agreement are hereby made an integral part of this Annex. 

      b.   The provisions of the legal instruments that have entered into 
      force under the GATT 1947 before the date of entry into force of the 
      Agreement Establishing the MTO, as set forth below:

           i.    protocols and certifications relating to tariff 
           concessions;

           ii.   protocols of accession (excluding the provisions (a) 
                 concerning provisional application and withdrawal of 
                 provisional application and (b) providing that Part II of 
                 the GATT 1947 shall be applied provisionally to the fullest 
                 extent not inconsistent with legislation existing on the 
                 date of the Protocol); 

           iii.  waivers granted under Article XXV of the GATT 1947 and 
                 still in force on the date of entry into force of the 
                 Agreement Establishing the MTO[7];  and

            iv.  other decisions of the CONTRACTING PARTIES to the GATT 
                 1947.

      c.   The Understandings set out in sub-paragraphs i through vii below 
      shall be deemed to be an integral part of the GATT 1994.

           i.    Understanding on the Interpretation of Article II:l(b) of 
                 the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (text)

           ii.   Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII of the 
                 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (text)

           iii.  Understanding on Balance-of-Payments Provisions of the 
                 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (text)

           iv.   Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XXIV of the 
                 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (text)

           v.    Understanding in respect of waivers of obligations under 
                 the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (text)

           vi.   Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XXVIII of 
                 the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (text)

           vii.  Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XXXV of the 
                 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (text).


      d.   Explanatory Notes:  

           i.    The references to "contracting party" in the provisions of 
           the GATT 1994 shall be deemed to read "Member".  The references 
           to "less-developed contracting party" and "developed contracting 
           party" shall be deemed to read "developing country Member" and 
           "developed country Member".  The references to "Executive 
           Secretary" shall be deemed to read "Director-General of the MTO".

           ii.   The references to the CONTRACTING PARTIES acting jointly in 
           Articles XV:1, XV:2, XV:8, XXXVIII and the Notes Ad Article XII 
           and XVIII;  and in the provisions on special exchange agreements 
           in Articles XV:2, XV:3, XV:6, XV:7 and XV:9 of the GATT 1994 
           shall be deemed to be references to the MTO.  The other functions 
           that the provisions of the GATT 1994 assign to the CONTRACTING 
           PARTIES acting jointly shall be allocated by the Ministerial 
           Conference.

      e.   i.    The provisions of Part II of the GATT 1994 shall not apply 
           to measures taken by a Member under specific mandatory 
           legislation, enacted by that Member before it became a 
           contracting party to the GATT 1947, that prohibits the use, sale 
           or lease of foreign-built or foreign-reconstructed vessels in 
           commercial applications between points in national waters or the 
           waters of an exclusive economic zone.  This exemption applies to:  
           (a) the continuation or prompt renewal of a non-conforming 
           provision of such legislation;  and (b) the amendment to a 
           non-conforming provision of such legislation to the extent that 
           the amendment does not decrease the conformity of the provision 
           with Part II of the GATT 1947.  This exemption is limited to 
           measures taken under legislation described above that is notified 
           and specified prior to the entry into force of the Agreement 
           Establishing the MTO.  If such legislation is subsequently 
           modified to decrease its conformity with Part II of the GATT 
           1994, it will no longer qualify for coverage under this 
           paragraph.  

           ii.   The Ministerial Conference shall review this exemption not 
           later than five years after the entry into force of the Agreement 
           Establishing the MTO and thereafter every two years for as long 
           as the exemption is in force for the purpose of examining whether 
           the conditions which created the need for the exemption still 
           prevail.

           iii.  A Member whose measures are covered by this exemption shall 
           annually submit a detailed statistical notification consisting of 
           a five-year moving average of actual and expected deliveries of 
           relevant vessels as well as additional information on the use, 
           sale, lease or repair of relevant vessels covered by this 
           exemption.

           iv.   A Member that considers that this exemption operates in 
           such a manner as to justify a reciprocal and proportionate 
           limitation on the use, sale, lease or repair of vessels 
           constructed in the territory of the Member invoking the exemption 
           shall be free to introduce such a limitation subject to prior 
           notification to the Ministerial Conference.

           v.    This exemption is without prejudice to solutions concerning 
           specific aspects of the legislation covered by this exemption 
           negotiated in sectoral agreements or in other fora.

2.    The Uruguay Round Protocol to the General Agreement on Tariffs and 
      Trade 1994 shall also be deemed to be an integral part of the GATT 
      1994 (text)

3.    Agreement on Agriculture (text)

4.    Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (text)

5.    Agreement on Textiles and Clothing  (text)

6.    Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (text)

7.    Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Investment Measures (text)

8.    Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on 
           Tariffs and Trade (text)

9.    Agreement on Implementation of Article VII of the General Agreement on 
Tariffs and Trade                                                       
(text)

10.   Agreement on Preshipment Inspection (text)

11.   Agreement on Rules of Origin (text)

12.   Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures (text)

13.   Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (text)

14.   Agreement on Safeguards (text)

Annex 1B

      General Agreement on Trade in Services (text)

Annex 1C

      Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, 
           Including Trade in Counterfeit Goods  (text)


Annex 2

      Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of 
      Disputes  (text)


Annex 3

      Trade Policy Review Mechanism  (text)


Annex 4

      Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft  (text)
      Agreement on Government Procurement (text)
      International Dairy Arrangement (text)
      Arrangement Regarding Bovine Meat (text)

1. The body concerned shall be deemed to have decided by consensus on a 
matter submitted for its consideration, if no Member, present at the meeting 
where the decision is taken, formally objects to the proposed decision.

2. The number of votes of the European Communities and their Member States 
shall in no case exceed the number of the Member States of the European 
Communities.

3. Decisions by the General Council when convened as the Dispute Settlement 
Body shall be made only in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2.4 
of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of 
Disputes.

4. References to the Ministerial Conference include the General Council.

5. A decision to grant a waiver in respect of any obligation subject to a 
transition period or a period for staged implementation that the requesting 
Member has not performed by the end of the relevant period, shall be made 
only by consensus.

6. References to  the Ministerial Conference include the General Council.

7. Waivers covered by this provision are the following:  1. Argentina 
(Establishment of a new Schedule LXIV, L/7271, 31.12.93);  2. Australia 
(Base dates under Article I:4, BISD 9S/46, no time-limit);  3. Australia 
(Treatment of Products of Papua New Guinea, BISD 8S/28, no time-limit);  4. 
Australia (Tariff preference for less developed countries, BISD 14S/23, no 
time-limit);  5. Bangladesh (Establishment of a new Schedule LXX, L/7272, 
31.12.93);  6. Bolivia (Renegotiation of Schedule LXXXIV, L/7151, 31.12.93);  
7. Brazil (Establishment of a new Schedule III, L/7273, 31.12.93);  8. 
Canada (CARIBCAN, BISD 33S/97, 15.6.98);  9. Chile (Establishment of a new 
Schedule VII, L/7274, 31.12.93);  10. Cuba (Provisions of Article XV:6 BISD 
13S/23, no time-limit);  11. Egypt (Renegotiation of Schedule LXIII; L/7281, 
31.12.93);  12. European Coal and Steel Community (Waiver granted in 
connection with the ECSC, BISD 1S/17, no time-limit);  13. European 
Communities (Transitional measures to take account of the external economic 
impact of German unification,  L/7246, 31.12.93);  14. France (Trading 
Arrangements with Morocco, BISD 9S/39, no time-limit);  15. Israel 
(Establishment of a new Schedule XLII, L/7275, 31.12.93);  16. Jamaica 
(Margins of preference, BISD 18S/33, no time-limit);  17. Jamaica 
(Establishment of a new Schedule LXVI, L/7291, 31.7.94);  18. Malawi (Base 
dates under Article I:4, BISD 9S/46, no time-limit);  19. Malawi 
(Renegotiation of Schedule LVIII, L/7152, 31.12.93);  20. Mexico 
(Establishment of a new Schedule LXXVII, L/7276, 31.12.93);  21. Morocco 
(Establishment of a new Schedule LXXXI, L/7277, 31.12.93);  22. Pakistan 
(Establishment of a new Schedule XV, L/7278, 31.12.93);  23. Peru 
(Establishment of a new Schedule XXXV, L/7245, 31.12.93);  24. Senegal 
(Renegotiation of Schedule XLIX, L/7282, 31.12.93);  25. South Africa (Base 
dates under Article I:4, BISD 9S/46, no time-limit;  26. Sri Lanka 
(Establishment of a new Schedule VI, L/7279, 31.12.93);  27. Trinidad and 
Tobago (Establishment of a new Schedule LXVII, L/7290, 31.7.94);  28. United 
Kingdom (Items traditionally admitted free of duty from countries of the 
Commonwealth, BISD 3S/25, no time-limit);  29. United Kingdom (Special 
problems of dependent overseas territories, BISD 3S/21, no time-limit);  30. 
United States (Waiver in respect of products of the Trust Territory of 
Pacific Islands, BISD Vol.II, page 9, no time-limit);  31. United States 
(Imports of Automotive Products, BISD 14S/37, no time-limit);  32. United 
States (Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, BISD31S/20, 30.9.95);  33. 
United States (Andean Trade Preference Act, L/6961, 4.12.2001);   34. 
Uruguay (Renegotiation of Schedule XXXI, L/7280, 31.12.93);  35. Venezuela 
(Establishment of a new Schedule LXXXVI, L/7316, 30.6.94);  36. Zaire 
(Renegotiation of Schedule LXVIII, L/7283, 31.12.93);  37. Zambia 
(Renegotiation of Schedule LXXVIII, L/7329, 30.11.95);  38. Zimbabwe 
(Customs treatment for products of United Kingdom territories, BISD  9S/47, 
no time-limit);  39. Zimbabwe (Base dates under Article I:4, BISD 9S/46, no 
time-limit).  This list will be modified to take into account waivers 
granted under the GATT 1947 up to the date of entry into force of this 
Agreement and waivers hereby listed which will have expired by that time.



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