               ===========================
               Cognition-Enhancement Drugs 
               ===========================

This text has been excerpted from:  
MEGABRAIN REPORT: THE PSYCHOTECHNOLOGY NEWSLETTER. 
Included here are dosages, precautions, and mail-order sources for 
three intelligence and memory enhancing substances. Please feel free to 
duplicate this excerpt and put it onto other bulletin boards or 
conference systems. For a copy of the full length article, including 
references, contact: 
MEGABRAIN REPORT, POB 2744, Sausalito, CA 94965, Phone: (415) 332-8323, 
FAX: (415) 332-8327.

The authors of this article are Michael Hutchison and John 
Morgenthaler.  Michael Hutchison is the editor and publisher of 
MEGABRAIN REPORT and can be contacted there (see the address above). He 
is also the author of the books, MegaBrain: New Tools and Techniques 
For Brain Growth and Mind Expansion, The Book of Floating, and the 
recently published Anatomy of Sex and Power: An Investigation of Mind 
Body Politics.

John Morgenthaler is the co-author with Ward Dean, MD, of a full length 
book on over thirty cognition enhancing compounds. The book includes an 
index, references, and sources of compounds. John can be contacted at 
POB 483 Santa Cruz, CA 95061, Phone: (800) 669-2030, MCI mail address: 
3144541.  A free copy of the book goes to anyone who posts this article 
to another bulletin board or conference system.

COGNITION-ENHANCEMENT DRUGS by Michael Hutchison and John Morgenthaler

Picture this: You have a business meeting tomorrow with your Japanese 
distributor. This meeting requires that you be in top form for some 
critical negotiations. You have several reports to go over, many facts 
to memorize, and above all you have to get some rest.

Your first step? A trip to the drug store, of course. A meeting like 
this is much too important to take on without fine-tuning your 
biochemistry. You must create the optimal neurochemical conditions for 
learning and creativity. You ask the druggist, who then points you 
towards the shelf of cognitive enhancement compounds. You load up your 
basket with bottles of piracetam, vasopressin, hydergine, choline, 
DMAE, and maybe a little centrophenoxine.

After arriving home, and taking the appropriate doses of each of these 
you go into your study to slip on your cranial electric stimulator 
along with your light and sound device. You know from your experience 
and that of many pioneers in the consciousness revolution that this 
particular combination of chemicals and brain machines has a 
synergistic effect that will create the optimal psychobiological state 
for the tasks that lie ahead. You can be sure that your Japanese 
counterparts are engaged in a similar manner.

After an hour in your study you feel very different. You are relaxed, 
yet alert and creative. Your brainwave activity has altered, and an EEG 
would show that it has become more regular and has increased in 
amplitude in certain frequencies, causing you to feel simultaneously 
profoundly relaxed yet in a state of intense concentration, loose and 
creative as well as mentally quick and alert. A brain-mapping device 
would show that the two hemispheres of your brain were in a state of 
"superconnection," with an enormous increase in the amount of 
information flowing between the hemispheres. At the same time, the rate 
of metabolism and the energy level of your brain cells has sharply 
increased. You are now in the optimal state to imprint new memories, to 
plan new and more creative strategies, to visually rehearse every 
detail of your upcoming meeting...

Sound far-fetched? Well, both the brain machines and the cognitive 
enhancement compounds already exist. Megabrain described a variety of 
devices that show evidence of enhancing cognition (for a summary of 
several recent studies suggesting that CES devices can have clear 
cognition-boosting effects see the "Research Update" elsewhere in this 
issue); and the book also mentioned the cognition-enhancing effects of 
such neurochemicals as vasopressin and MSH-ACTH 4-10. Since then other 
mind- magnifying drugs have emerged as well as even more astonishing 
evidence of their ability to amplify learning, memory and thinking. 
What we don't know is how to best use them together, or even whether 
they should be used together.

That's what we want to find out. The problem, as many of you are aware, 
is that it is extremely difficult for those interested in performing 
research into the effects of brain machines to obtain the necessary 
funding and support. Mainstream science, particularly those elements in 
control of doling out grants and funds to support research, and many of 
the universities and institutions engaged in research, seem to have 
little interest in investigating these machines. What research is done 
usually involves the therapeutic applications of the devices rather 
that the induction of peak performance brain states.

On the other hand, huge amounts of money are being spent for research 
into cognition enhancing drugs. But much of the research is being done 
by the big pharmaceutical companies, who are racing with each other to 
develop patentable memory enhancement drugs and to obtain FDA approval 
for these compounds. Since the FDA is primarily oriented toward 
treating diseases in a medical context, and has not shown much interest 
in giving its approval to drugs that simply improve people's memories 
or boost intelligence, the pharmaceutical companies are directing their 
efforts toward gaining approval for their cognition-enhancement drugs 
as treatments for medical problems such as Alzheimer's disease, 
multiple-infarct dementia and senility. Since financial analysts 
estimate that such cognitive drugs could quickly produce sales of well 
over a billion dollars a year in the U.S. alone, and ultimately outsell 
antibiotics and tranquilizers, the competition is fierce, and these 
companies are in no mood to investigate ways their substances might 
work synergistically or in combination with other substances or other 
mechanisms such as mind machines.

Also, since their efforts are directed toward drugs that are 
patentable, these companies have little interest in exploring the 
cognition enhancement properties of substances that cannot be patented. 
Vitamin C is a good example: in a controlled study in which healthy 
individuals were tested both for levels of vitamin C and IQ, those with 
higher levels of the vitamin averaged 5 points higher in IQ; when those 
with the lower levels of the vitamin were given vitamin C supplements, 
their IQ scores increased by over 3.5 points. In some way, Vitamin C is 
a cognition-enhancing substance. But, of course no one can patent 
vitamin C, which is cheap and readily available.

In another example, one widely available and unpatentable substance 
(DHEA) is rumored to have demonstrated in a recent study some success 
in, among other things, treating AIDS, as well as cognition 
enhancement; however, the drug company involved in the experiments is 
now apparently trying to conceal the discoveries about DHEA until it 
can develop some variant that is patentable (i.e. has commercial 
value), and has obtained a court order forbidding the scientist in 
charge of the study to even speak with anyone about the matter.

WE HAVE MET THE GUINEA PIG AND IT IS US

And so, MEGABRAIN REPORT has concluded that if we really want more 
research into mind-machine mind-food interactions we'd better start 
doing it ourselves. Thus we ask you to join us in a series of surveys, 
tests and assessments designed to explore the interactions between 
brain machines and cognitive enhancement compounds. This is not to say 
we are advising you to take any of the cognition- enhancement 
substances we describe. No! We do not advise you to take these 
compounds, just as we do not advise you to use mind machines or do 
anything to enhance your mental functioning. High level mental 
functioning can be exceedingly dangerous and have frightening and 
unpredictable side effects, as individuals from Socrates to Jesus to 
Galileo have discovered.

However, we do have reason to believe that many of you are by nature 
curious, given to exploration and even experimentation-- that, in fact, 
many of you are already making use of some of these cognition-boosting 
nutrients. This being so, it seems clear to us that you have 
information that would be of interest and value to the rest of us. It's 
also clear that if there are hundreds or even thousands of you with 
such information, then by gathering it together, we can synthesize it, 
analyze it, begin to search for trends, tendencies, proclivities, and 
perhaps even make some important connections.

The first part of the survey is intended to be an open-ended 
exploration rather that a rigorous scientific study or an attempt to 
confirm an existing hypotheses. We hope not for solid conclusions or 
hard data, but rather to discover and delineate some interesting 
avenues for future research.

In a later issue, we will report on the early survey results. It's 
possible--though we cannot guarantee it--that in investigating the 
subjective responses we hope to receive from MEGABRAIN REPORT readers 
we will discover some trends. We can use this information to guide us 
in designing a more focused study for part two of the survey.

For example, we might receive many reports that the effects of 
piracetam are amplified when used with the light and sound devices. 
Then we could plan to focus more deeply on the particular 
machine/compound interaction, investigating the interactive effects 
over differing periods of time, using different sound and light 
frequencies and modes, and in various areas, such as memory, reaction 
speed, creativity and so on.

In this issue, we will introduce some of the more interesting compounds 
for cognitive enhancement, provide information about how to obtain each 
of them, present some methods for assessing and evaluating your own 
brain state and tracing your progress, and present a simple 
questionnaire. These self-assessment methods and our initial survey 
appear at the end of this article. First we will describe a few of the 
most promising cognition enhancing substances.

====================================================================
                        !!DANGEROUS COMBINATIONS!!

READ THIS!! VERY IMPORTANT. IGNORING THIS COULD LEAD TO SERIOUS
MEDICAL PROBLEMS (like death...)

        Unless one is very experienced in pharmacology it is
unwise to experiment with combinations of drugs. Even when using
a single drug, thought should be given to all substances, both
food and drug, which have been taken recently. Most primitive
people fast or at least adstain from certain substances for
several days prior to taking a sacrament. Substances most
universally avoided are alcohol, coffee, meat, fat and salt. Some
drugs potentiate others. For example, atropine will increase the
potency of mescaline, harmine, cannabis and opiates. Many of the
substances discussed in this book are MAO inhibitors. MAO
(monoamine oxidase) is an enzyme produced in the body which
breaks down amines and renders them harmless and ineffective. A
MAO inhibtor interfere with the protective enzyme and leaves the
body vulnerable to these amines. A common substance such as
tyramine, which is usually metabolized with little or no
pharmacological effect, may become dangerous in the presence of
an MAO inhibitor and cause headache, stiff neck, cardiovascular
difficulties, and even death. MAO inhibitors may intensify and
prolong the effects of other drugs (CNS depressants, narcotic
analgesics, anticholinergics, dibenzazepine antidepressants,
etc.) by interfering with their metabolism. In the presence of an
MAO inhibitor many substances which are ordinarily non-active
because of their swift metabolism may become potent psychoactive
drugs. The phenomenon may create a new series of mind alterants.
However, because of the complex and precarious variables
involved, it is risky and foolish for anyone to experiment with
these possibilities on the non-professional level.
        The most commonly used MAO inhibitors include hydrazines
such as iproniazid, Marsilid, Marplan, Niamid, Nardil, Catron;
also non-hydrazines such as propargylamines, cyclopropylamines,
aminopyrazine derivatives, indolealkylamines, and carbolines.
MAO-inhibiting materials discussed in this book include
yohimbine, various trytamines, especially 5-MeO-DMT and the
-methyltryptamines, and the various harmala alkaloids. The
latter are especially potent inhibitors but, like yohimbine and
the trytamines, are shoty-lasting in action (30 minutes to
several hours). Some of the commercial MAO inhibitors listed
above are effective for several days to several weeks.
        Amoung the materials which may be dangerous in
combination with MAO inhibitors are sedatives, tranquilizers,
antihistamines, narcotics and alcohol - any of which can cause
hypotensive crisis (severe blood pressure drop); and amphetamines
(even diet pills), mescaline, asarone, nutmeg (active doses),
macromerine, ephedrine, oils of dill, parsley or wild fennel,
beer, wine, cocoa, aged cheese and other tyrosine-containing
foods (tyrosine is converted into tyramine by bacteria in the
bowel) - any of which can cause hypertensive crises (severe blood
pressure rise).

*****************************************

NOOTROPIC DRUGS

Some of the nootropic drugs being tested now on humans include 
vinpocetine (being developed by Ayerst Laboratories), which speeds up 
learning, improves memory and recall and seems to block the action of 
substances that disrupt memory; aniracetam (Hoffman-La Roche), which 
appears to be about ten times more potent in improving and protecting 
memory than piracetam, pramiracetam (Warner-Lambert/Parke Davis), which 
seems to improve learning and memory by enhancing the firing of neurons 
in the hippocampus (a key to the formation of long-term memories), and 
oxiracetam (Ciba-Geigy), apparently two to three times as powerful as 
piracetam (intriguingly, research shows that when oxiracetam is given 
to pregnant rats their offspring proved more intelligent that control 
groups--similar findings have been reported for the offspring of 
pregnant rats kept in "enriched environments," as described in the 
"Research Update" elsewhere in this issue). All of these substances 
seem remarkably nontoxic and free of side effects.

As yet, there is no nootropic drug that is approved by the FDA for sale 
in the US, but, keenly aware of the multi-billion dollar potential of 
nootropics, the drug companies are pouring big bucks into research that 
will satisfy FDA requirements by proving how they work (still not well 
understood), and by proving their effectiveness in treating medical 
problems such as Alzheimer's disease and senility. 

In this article we will focus on the most extensively tested and widely 
available nootropic compound, piracetam.

******************************************
PIRACETAM
Piracetam (Nootropyl)

Piracetam has been the subject of intensive research for over 15 years, 
and has not only proven to be a powerful intelligence booster and 
cerebral stimulant, but also, even in massive acute and chronic 
dosages, appears to be nontoxic and to produce no side effects (it's so 
nontoxic one FDA employee reportedly claimed that since huge doses 
produce no toxic effects, it can't possibly have any pharmacological 
effects and must be physiologically inert). It is so remarkable in its 
effects and safety that its discovery by UCB Laboratories in Belgium 
sent virtually every other major pharmaceutical company scrambling to 
develop its own cerebral stimulant. This "Smart pill race" has resulted 
in the creation of a new drug category called the nootropics, from the 
Greek words noos (mind) and tropein (turn), meaning "acting on the mind".

Piracetam has been proven to boost learning and memory in normal 
subjects as well as those who suffer cognitive deficits, and is also a 
cognitive enhancer under conditions of hypoxia, or too little oxygen 
(recent expeditions to climb Mt. Everest have included piracetam as an 
"essential" medication to treat frostbite and memory lapses causes by 
altitude). A variety of clinical studies with human subjects, including 
studies of young healthy volunteers, healthy middle-aged subjects with 
some memory decline, elderly subjects, elderly subjects with senility, 
and alcoholics, have proven that piracetam enhances cortical vigilance, 
improves integration of information processing, improves attention span 
and concentration, and can produce dramatic improvements in both direct 
and delayed recall of verbal learning.

It's effective in the treatment of dyslexia, stroke, alcoholism, 
vertigo, senile dementia, sickle-cell anemia, and many other 
conditions, enhances the brain's resistance to various injuries and 
boosts its ability to recover from injuries, protects the brain against 
chemicals such as barbiturates and cyanides, and is widely used 
throughout Europe and Latin America (where it is sold over the counter).

The subjective effect described by a lot of people is that it "wakes up 
your brain". In fact, it selectively stimulates the anterior or frontal 
part of the forebrain--that part of the brain that has evolved most 
recently, rapidly and remarkably in the course of our evolution from 
ape to human, and which is the seat of our "higher functions."

Piracetam works in a number of ways to increase energy within the 
brain. First, it steps up the production of adenosine triphosphate 
(ATP), the energy storage and energy generating molecules within our 
cells. It also boosts cerebral metabolism by improving cerebral 
microcirculation (blood flow), increasing the brain's use of glucose, 
and increasing the brain's oxygen utilization. It also seems to enhance 
protein syntheses in the brain (it's been proven that protein synthesis 
is an essential step in laying down long-term memories).

SUPERCONNECTING THE BRAIN. 

Perhaps the most intriguing aspect of piracetam is that it has been 
proven to increase the flow of information between the right and left 
hemispheres of the brain. As a result of experiments with human 
subjects one researcher concluded that piracetam causes the hemispheres 
to become "superconnected." Since there's increasing evidence that high 
level brain states--brilliance, insight, creativity, flow, peak 
performance, being "in the zone"--are a product of the integrated and 
synergistic functioning of both hemispheres simultaneously, we might 
suspect that piracetam enhances not only simple learning and memory but 
creative or syntheses thinking.

Piracetam's capacity to superconnect the hemispheres becomes even more 
intriguing in light of the evidence indicating that many of the most 
widely used mind machines and techniques for brain enhancement (such as 
binaural beat frequencies and the sound and light machines) function in 
part by facilitating integrated hemispheric functioning. This raises 
the possibility that since both the machines and piracetam seem to 
facilitate interhemispheric communication, there might be a 
potentiating or synergistic effect when such mind machines are used in 
combination with piracetam, resulting in a quantum leap in brain- 
enhancement effects.

PRECAUTIONS: 

Piracetam may increase the effects of certain drugs, such as 
amphetamines and psychotropics. Adverse effects are rare but include 
insomnia, psychomotor agitation, nausea, headaches and gastrointestinal 
distress.

DOSAGE: 

Piracetam is supplied in 400mg or 800mg tablets. The usual dose is 
2400-4800 mg per day in three divided doses. Some literature recommends 
that the first two days a high "attack" dose should be taken. We have 
noticed that when some people first take piracetam they do not notice 
any effect until they take a high dose. Thereafter, they may notice 
that a lower dosage is sufficient. The drug takes effect in 30 to 60 
minutes.

SOURCES: 
 piracetam is not sold in the US. It can be purchased over the counter 
in Mexico or by mail order from the address below.


Piracetam is reported to be an intelligence booster and CNS (central 
nervous system) stimulant with no known toxicity or addictive 
properties. Piracetam is inexpensive (under $0.85 per day) and 
available by mail (see appendix A.) The subjective effect described by 
some people is that piracetam, "wakes up your brain." You'll find more 
personal accounts of the effects of this remarkable drug in the case 
histories and testimonials appendix. It's effects and safety are so 
impressive that piracetam prompted the creation of a new pharmaceutical 
category called nootropics.

The term nootropic comes from a Greek word meaning "acting on the 
mind". Since the invention of piracetam by UCB Laboratories in Belgium, 
other pharmaceutical companies have been scrambling to develop their 
own nootropics. Some of them being researched now include; vinpocetine, 
aniracetam, pramiracetam, and oxiracetam. As yet, there is no nootropic 
compound that id FDA approved for sale in the US, but there is plenty 
of motivation on the part of pharmaceutical companies to get that 
approval. Financial analysts expect that the US market for these 
cognitive enhancers will soon be in excess of $1-billion per year 
(Pelton, 1989).

Piracetam is very similar in molecular structure to the amino acid 
pyroglutamate (see Pyroglutamate). Piracetam and pyroglutamate have the 
same "base" chemical structure, the 2-oxo-pyrrolidine, but they differ 
by the side chain. Pyroglutamate is 2-oxo-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid, 
and piracetam is 2-oxo-pyrrolidine acetamide.

Piracetam enhances cognition under conditions of hypoxia (too little 
oxygen), and also enhances memory and some kinds of learning in normal 
humans. Outside of the US, piracetam is used to treat alcoholism, 
stroke, vertigo, senile dementia, sickle cell anemia, dyslexia, and 
numerous other health problems (Pelton, 1989).

The effect of piracetam can be increased if taken with DMAE, 
centrophenoxine, choline, or Hydergine. When choline and piracetam are 
taken together there is a synergistic effect that causes a greater 
improvement in memory than the sum of each when taken alone (Bartus, 
1981).

We know of one person who claims she feels slightly agitated and 
depressed if she takes piracetam for more than a week without a choline 
supplement. This feeling is alleviated for her with a single dose of 
choline. It may be that the piracetam causes acetylcholine to be used 
up more quickly and that the choline helps to replace this important 
neurotransmitter.

Once fascinating study suggests that piracetam might increase the 
number of cholinergic receptors in the brain. Older mice were given 
piracetam for two weeks and then the density of muscarinic cholinergic 
receptors in their frontal cortexes was measured. The researchers found 
that these older mice had 30-40% higher density of these receptors than 
before. (Pilch, 1988). Piracetam, unlike many other drugs, appears to 
have a regenerative effect on the nervous system.

One theory of Alzheimer's disease is that the decline of intellectual 
functions is partly caused by a decreased activity of the cholinergic 
system in the brain caused by cell death and cell degeneration. The 
researchers in the above study speculated that their findings could 
explain how piracetam works and could also explain the finding of 
Bartus, et. al. regarding a profound effect of combining choline with 
piracetam on memory enhancement of old rats.

As mentioned previously the late drug researcher Arthur Cherkin related 
to us that he believed the combination of Hydergine and Piracetam 
potentiate each other by 5 times. This highlights the importance of 
adjusting the dosage when multiple substances are taken because, some 
of these substances will cause paradoxical effects when excessive 
amounts are taken.

Although piracetam is a derivative of GABA (gamma amino butyric acid, a 
neurotransmitter), there is no evidence that piracetam works through 
the GABAergic system. Some research even suggests GABA may even inhibit 
memory and learning (Zhang, 1989).

Precautions: Piracetam may increase the effects of certain drugs, such 
as amphetamines, psychotropics, and Hydergine, as stated. Adverse 
effects are rare but include insomnia, psychomotor agitation, nausea, 
gastrointestinal distress, and headaches. Piracetam has virtually no 
known toxicity or contraindications.

Dosage: Piracetam is supplied in 400mg or 800mg capsules or tablets. 
The usual dose is 2400 to 4800 mg per day in three divided doses. Some 
literature recommends that the first two days a high "attack" dose 
should be taken.  We have noticed that often when people first take 
piracetam they do not notice any effect at all until they take a high 
dose (approximately 4000 to 8000mg). Thereafter, they may notice that a 
lower dosage is sufficient. Piracetam takes effect within 30 to 60 
minutes.

Sources: Piracetam is not sold in the US. It can be purchased over the 
counter in Mexico or by mail form the sources listed in appendix A. 
Other names include: Avigilen, Cerebroforte, Cerebrospan, Cetam, 
Dinagen, Encefalux, Encetrop, Euvifor, gabacet, Genogris, Memo-Puren, 
Nootron, Nootrop, Nootropil, Nootropyl, Normabrain, Norzetam, Pirroxil, 
Psycotron, Stimucortex, and UCB-6215.

 -------------------------------------------------------
 APPENDIX D: Testimonials & Case Histories

Testimonials and case histories are always suspect in scientific 
circles. This is because the human mind is so powerful at producing the 
placebo effect. Humans repeatedly experience powerful drug effects from 
taking inactive substances when they believe that the substances are 
drugs. That is why we rely on references to scientific research for the 
information we present.

We include this appendix of testimonials and case histories so that you 
may orient yourself as to which substances you would like to try. If 
you would like to share your experiences with us, whether they are 
similar or different than the ones described here, please feel free to 
write to the authors c/o B&J Publications, PO Box 483, Santa Cruz, CA 
95061-0483.

Piracetam:

 "My secretary responded so well to piracetam (at doses of only 800mg) 
that I decided to give her a small raise so she could afford it. She 
takes piracetam instead of heading for the coffee machine. Every day 
she takes it she is decidedly more alert, and intelligent acting and 
she smiles more. She is overall a much better employee. She says it 
wakes up her brain." -JM

 "Piracetam keeps me alert when I am driving. It also helps me to 
formulate new and different ideas when I am taking essay tests in 
school." - DB

 "I liked piracetam so much that I decided to try it with vincamine and 
xanthinol nicotinate. I took standard doses of all three - 2400mg of 
piracetam, 20mg of vincamine, and 300mg of xanthinol nicotinate. I 
actually felt stupid! I had the "right on the tip of my tongue" 
response for hours.

Recently a friend suggested that I combine Hydergine with piracetam, 
explaining that the two synergize each other, and that I should try a 
small dose of each. I had tried Hydergine years ago and liked it a lot, 
but found it prohibitively expensive. I decided to experiment with 
these two in combination with ginkgo biloba. I started with what I 
thought were very small quantities, 1/4mg of Hydergine, 200mg of 
piracetam, and 50mg of ginkgo, but found the combination to be 
extraordinary. I've tried many different cognitive enhancers, but this 
low-cost, low-dose combination is my favorite." -BP

 "I started taking piracetam with choline about a year ago and have 
found this combination to be one of the best things that ever happened 
to me. I no longer get extreme mood swings, I am much happier in 
general, and my concentration and speaking ability is better. I also 
found that my relationships with family and friends have improved, 
probably due to my increased self confidence." - HH

 "I took two grams of piracetam and, after 30 minutes, I began to find 
my boyfriend much more sexually attractive. I assumed this was as fluke 
since I had never heard of this effect from piracetam. Since this 
experience I have taken piracetam every day for two months and every 
time, without fail, it has the same effect. Piracetam has vastly 
improved my sex life." -DB


"Last year a friend took me to hear Sun Ra and his Intergalactic 
Arkestra as a birthday present. I had just received a bottle of 800 mg 
tablets of Piracetam. My friend and I each took nine of the tablets 
(an "attack dose" they call it in the literature) before entering the 
hall. The music began 30 minutes later. I found myself able to 
concentrate as never before. I was completely lucid with absolutely no 
sense of intoxication. For the first time in my life I could hear each 
individuals horn's timbre (Sun Ra has about 10 horn players, often all 
playing massed harmonies.) My friend has worked as a professional 
saxophone player. He, too, reported extraordinary hearing and 
concentration abilities. My ears felt as though the were being 
stimulated from all directions at once, but the feeling was entirely 
pleasant. I was enthralled."


========================================================================
Some  Other Highly regarded Chemicals include:
========================================================================

======================================================================

ADRENOCHROME SEMICARBAZONE - 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5,6-indol-inedione 
semicarbazone.

Material: Oxidized epinerphrine (adrenaline) with semicarbazide

Usage: 100 mg is thoroughly dissolved in just enough alcohol, melted fat 
(butter), or vegetable oil and ingested. Because of its poor solubility 
in water these must be used to aid absorption.

Effects: Physical stimulation, feeling of well-being, slight reduction 
of though processes.

Contraindication: None noted. Acts as a systemic hemostatic preventing 
capillary bleeding during injury. Adrenochrome causes chemically induced 
schizophrenia. Its semicarbazone does not.

Supplier: KK, KAL, TM.


ALPHA-CHLORALOSE - a-D-glucochloralose.

Material: Synthetic chemical prepared by reaching chloral with glucose 
under heat.

Usage: 350-500 mg orally.

Effects: Euphoriant affecting CNS in a manner similar to PCP 
(phencyclidine), accompanied with mental changes like those from smoking 
hashish.

Contraindication: Although a central depressant, in some
individuals it may cause nervousness. Less toxic than PCP or
chloral. Dangerous if taken with even small amounts of alcohol
(even beer). May cause convulsions.

Supplier: KK, MCB, COC, KAL, TM.

ASARONE - 1,2,4-trimethoxy-5-propenylbenzene or 2,4,5-trimethoxy-1-
benzene.

Material: A chemical related to mescaline and the amphetamines
found in the roots of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) and Asarum spp.
It is chemically the precursor of TMA-2
(2,4,5-trimethoxy-a-methyl-4,5-methylenedioxy-phenylethylamine),
a hallucingen with 18 times the gram potency of mescaline.
Asarone is converted to TMA-2 in the body by aminization which
takes place shortly after ingestion.

Usage: 45-350 mg orally on empty stomach. Individual sensitivity
varies widely.

Effects: Simultaneous stimulant, hallucingen, and sedative. One
or another of these traits may be more pronounced depending upon
the dose and the individual. CNS stimulant, antispasmatic.

Contraindications: Should not be taken with MAO inhibitors.

Supplier: KK, TM.


ATROPINE SULFATE 

Material: Sulfate of tropane alkaloid in belladonna, datura and
several other solanaceous plants.

Usage: 0.5-5 mg orally.

Effects: Competitive acetylcholine inhibitor at receptor site
(postganglionic junction). Does not prevent acetylcholine
liberation. Hallucinogen, similar to scopolamine, but producing
more excitement and less stupor. Potentiates other pyschotropics
including opium, cannabis, harmala alkaloids, mescaline.

Contraindications: Highly toxic. Side effects include dryness and
soreness of moucous membranes, blurred vision, urinary retention,
severe hallucinations, retrograde amnesia lasting several hours
to several days. Not recommended without expert supervision.
Possible brain damage from large amounts.

Supplier: KK, MCB, COC, KAL, TM.


BELLADONNA - Deadly Nightshade. Atropa belladonna L. Family
Solanaceae (Potato family).

Material: Leaves and roots pf perennial herb found in wooded
hills and shaded areas of central and southern Europe, southwest
Asia, and Algeria, and naturalized in USA.

Usage: Crushed dried leaves 30-200 mg or root 30-120 mg taken
orally or smoked.

Active Constituents: Atropine, scopolamine and other tropanes.
Leaves contain 0.3-0.5% total alkaloids, roots 0.4-0.7%.

Effects: Hallucinogen, hypnotic, anticholinergic.

Contraindications: Extremely toxic. Evem moderate does could be
fatal. Root contains apoatropine which can be lethal even in
small amounts, especially when taken orally. Use not recommended.
See atropine and scopolamine.

Supplier: Seeds RCS.


BETEL NUT (Areca catechu). Family Palmaceae (Palm family).

Material: The large seed of this Asian palm tree.

Usage: It is warapped in the leaf of the betel pepper (Piper
chavica betel) and sprinkled with brunt lime, catechu gum from
the Malayan acacia tree (Acacia catechu) an nutmeg, cardamom or
other spices. This morsel is placed in the mouth and sucked on
for several hours.

Active Constituents: Arecoline (methyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methylnicotinate),
a volatile oil, is released from the nut by action of saliva and lime.
Betel leaf contains chavicol, allylpyrocathechol, chavibetol and
cadinene.

Effects: Arecoline is a central nervous system stimulant. It
increases respiration and decreases the work load of the heart.
Betel leaf has mild stimulanting properties.

Contraindications: Excessive arecoline from immoderate use or
from unripe nuts can cause dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea and
convulsions. Frequent use stains mouth, gums and teeth deep red
(caused by catechu gum). Long-term overuse of betel nut is said
to weaken sexual potency.

Supplier: Areca nuts and betel leaves MGH; young palms RCS.


BROOM (Genista, Cytisus, Spartium spp.). Family Leguminosae (Bean
family).

Material: Blossoms of any of several species including Canary
Island broom (Genista canariensis), Scotch broom (Cytisus
scoparius), and Spanish broom (Spartium junceum).

Usage: Blossoms are colected, aged in a sealed jar for 10 days,
dried, and rolled into cigarettes. Smoke is inhaled and held.

Active Constituents: Cytisine (a toxic pyridine).

Effects: One cigarette produces relaxed feelings for 2 hours.
More causes deeper relaxation and longer-lasting effects (4-5
hours). Relaxation is deepest during first 2 hours and is
followed by mental alertness and increased awareness of color
without hallucinations.

Contraindictions: Usually no undesirable side effects of
hangover. Some persons experience mild headache immediately after
smoking. Broom flowers are extremely toxic when ingested. Has
heart-stimulating properties like digitalis.

Supplier: Commom in parks and gardens. Dried broom MGH; viable
seeds and plants RCS.


CABEZA DE ANGEL (Calliandra anomala). Family Leguminosae (Bean
family).

Material: Resins of shrub with feathery, crimson flowers found in
level or mountainous places and near streams in southern Mexico
and Guatemala; sometimes cultivated as ornamental in California.

Usage: Formerly used by Aztecs. Incisions made in bark, resins
collected after several days, dried, pulverized, mixed with ash
and snuffed.

Active Constituents: Unidentified.

Effects: Hypnotic, induces sleep. Also used medicinally for
dysentery, swellings, fever and malaria.

Contrandications: None known.

Supplier: Seeds and cuttings RCS (inquire).

CALAMUS Sweet flag, rat root (Acorus calamus). Family Araceae
(Arum family).

Material: Roots of tall, fragrant, sword-leaved plant found in
marshes and borders of ponds and steams in Europe, Asia, and
North America from NOva Scotia to Minnesota, southward to Florida
and Texas.

Usage: Roots are collected in late autumn or spring, washed,
voided of root fibres and dried with moderate heat. Root may be
chewed or broken up and boiled as tea. Doses range from 2 to 10
inches of root. Root deteriorates with age. Usually inactive
after 1 year. Store closed in cool dry place.

Active Constituents: Asarone and -asarone.

Effects: A piece of dried root the thickness of a pencil and
about 2" long provides stimulation and buoyant feelings. A piece
10" long acts as a mind alterant and hallucinogen. (See asarone).

Contraindications: The FDA frowns upon the sale and use of
calamus and has issued directives to certain herb dealers not to
sell it to the public. An FDA directive is simply a polite word
for a threat of hassling without a law to back it. At present
there are no laws against calamus. Some experiments have
indicated that excessive amounts of calamus oil can increase the
tumor rate in rats. many of the Cree Indians of Northern Alberta
chew calamus root for oral hygiene and as a stimulating tonic.
They apparently suffer no unpleasant side effects. In fact, those
who use it seem to be in better general health than those who do
not.

Supplier: Dried root MGH; viable root RCS.


CALEA Claea zacatechichi. family Compositae (Sunflower family).

Material: Leaves of a shrub from central Mexico and Costa Rica.

Usage: 1oz. of crushed dried leaves is steeped in 1 pt. water or
extracted into alcohol. Tea is drunk slowly. A cigarette of the
leaves may be smoked to increase the effect.

Active Constituents: Alkaliods have not been found in calea.
Psychoactive components uncertain but believed to be in aromatic
and bitter principle.

Effects: Feelings of repose after 30 minutes with increased
awareness of heart and pulse. One oz. clarifies mind and senses.
Larger amounts may induce hallucinations.

Contraindications: None known.

Supplier: Must be procured in Mexico. Oaxaca marketplace.


CALIFORNIA POPPY Eschscholtzia californica. Family Papaveraceae
(Poppy family).

Material: Leaves, flowers and capsules of commom wildflower.

Usage: Materials are dried and smoked.

Active Constituents: Opium-related alkaloids; protopine,
chelerythrine, sangunarine, - and -homochelidonine, and several
glucosides.

Effects: Very mild marijuana-like euphoria from  smoking lasting
20-30 minutes. Concentrated extract of plant may be more potent
when ingested or smoked.

Contraindications: No apparent side effects. Not habit forming.
Apperas to be ineffective when used again within 24 hours.

Supplier: Grows wild (protected by California law; misdemeanor,
fine for plucking). Seeds B, FM, G, NK, RCS.

CATNIP Nepeta catoria. Family Labiatae (Mint Family).

Material: Leaves

Usage: Leaves are smoked alone or with tobacco in equal parts.
Also extract is sprayed on tobacco or other smoking material.

Active Constituents: Metatabilacetone, nepetalactone, nepetalic
acid.

Effects: Mild marijuana-like euphoria, more intense and
longer-lasting with tabacco.

Contraindications: No harmful effects known. Tabacco is harmful
and addicting.

Supplier: MGH or pet stores. Extract in aerosol from pet stores.
Viable seeds B, FM, G, NK, RCS.


CHICALOTE Also called Prickly Poppy. Argemone mexicana. family
Papaveraceae (Poppy family).

Material: Seeds and golden sap from unripe capsules of
prickly-leaved, yellow flowered perennial found in dry fields and
roadsides of southwestern USA and Mexico.

Usage: Capsule is pierced or opened, sap collected, dried, smoked
or ingested like opium.

Active Constituents: Protopine, berberine (morphine-related
alkaloids), and several isoquinilines.

Effects: Sedative, analgesic and euphoriant. Mild hallucingenic
effects from seeds.

Contraindications: None known from discreet use. Continued use
can aggravate glaucoma and cause endemic dropsy.

Supplier: Viable seeds RCS.


CHODAT; HSIAO-TS'AO Polygala sibiricia; P. tenuifolia. Family
Ploygalaceae (Milkwort family).

Material: Yellow-brown roots with acrid-sweet taste of plant
native to temperate Asia (northern China and Japan).

Usage: 1 tbsp. brewed as tea or powedered and combined with other
herbs. taken daily for several weeks.

Active Consitituents: Senegin (7% of dried weight).

Effects: Many medicinal uses. Used in Taoist medicine to improve
memory and mental powers.

Contraindications: None known. Too much may induce vomiting.

Supplier: This when available or related species P. senaga MGH.


COLORINES Erythrina flabelliformis and other species. family
Leguminosae (Bean family).

Material: Bright red beans of woody shrubs or trees found in
southwestern USA, Mexico, and Guatemala.

Usage:  to  seed is chewed and swallowed.

Active Constituents: Undetermined toxic indole and isoquinilines.

Effects: Stupor and hallucinations.

Contraindications: Extremely toxic. Not recommended.

Supplier: Grows wild in flat dry areas.


DAMIANA Turnera diffusa. Family Turneraceae.

Material: Fragrant leaves of shrub found in tropical America,
Texas, and California.

Usage: 2 tbsp. leaves simmered in 1 pt. water. Tea is drunk at
same time as pipeful of leaves are smoked.

Active Constituents: Undetermined principle in oily fraction of
extract.

Effects: Mild aphrodisiac and marijuana-like auphoria lasting
1-1.5 hours. Regular, moderate use has tonic effect on sexual
organs.

Contraindications: SMoke harsh on lungs, best used in water-pipe.
Tea has slightly bitter taste; honey may be added. Some say
excessive long-term use may be toxic to liver.

Supplier: MGH


DILL Anethum gravelens. Family Umbelliferae (Carot family).

Material: Oil from seeds.

Usage: Oil is ingested.

Active Consitiuents: Dillapiole (non-amine precursor of
2,3-dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyamphetamine [dmmda-2]).

Effects and Contraindictions: See parsley.

Supplier: Spice section of grocery stores; herb dealers, MGH.
Viable seeds B, FM, G, RCS.


DOANA Coryphantha macromeris. Family Cactaceae (Cactus family).

Material: Small spiny cactus from northern Mexico and southern
Texas.

Usage: Spines are removed and 8-12 fresh or dried cacti are
consumed on empty stomach. These may be chewed or crushed and
brewed for 1 hour as tea.

Active Constituents: Macromerine (L--3,4-dimethoxyphenyl--dimethyl-
amineoethanol), a -phenethylamine 1/5 the gram potency of
mescaline.

Effects: Hallucinogen somewhat similar to mescaline.

Contraindications: Should not be taken in large doses with strong
MAO inhibitors. Otherwise none known.

Supplier: Cuttings AHD; seeds RCS, NMCR.


EPENA Also called yopo. Virola calophylla. Family Myristicaceae
(Nutmeg family).

Material: Red resin beneath the bark of tree found in rain
forests of Coloumbia and Brazil.

Usage: Resin is scraped or boiled from bark, dried, pulverized,
mixed with ashes and snuffed.

Active Constituents: N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT),
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), bufotenine.

Effects: Powerful instantaneous hallucingen. Peak effects last
about 30 minutes. COlor and size changes, dizziness.
Aftereffects: buoyant feelings, pleasant stimulation lasting
several hours.


5-FLURO-A-METHYLTRYPTAMINE

Material: Synthetic tryptamine.

Usage: 25 mg is ingested.

Effects: Hallucinogen and stimulant; causes dreamlike state
similar to psilocybin but without drowsiness or lassitude.

Contraindications: MAO imhibitor. (See list of incompatible.)

Supplier: KK, TM.

o   Other methylated tryptamines with similar psychoactive
properties include: 6-fluro--methyltryptamine,
7-methyltryptamine, N-methyltryptamine, 5-methyltryptamine. The
dosage, effects, and contraindications are about the same for
these as for above. Some of the non-methylated derivatives are
also active. These include 5- and 6-flurotryptamine and 5- and
6-flurotryptophan. Supplier: KK, TM.

FLY AGARIC Amanita muscaria. Family Agaricaceae (Agaric family).

Material: Mushroom with red caps and white flakes found in birch
or pine forests during rainy season in north temperate zones of
eastern and western hemispheres.

Usage: Mushrooms are collected and dried in the sun or in oven at
200. No more than one medium-size mushroom should not taken
until individual's tolerance is determined.

Active Constituents: Muscimol, and ibotenic acid, which converts
to muscimol upon drying. Some muscarine is also present but
because of its difficulty in passing the blood-brain barrier it
is believed not to be responsible for psychoactive effects.
 
Effects: Effects vary with individual, source of mushroom, and
dose. The usual pattern is dizziness, twitching and possible
nausea after 30 minutes followed by numbness of feet and twilight
sleep for 2 hours, with colorful visions and intesified awareness
of sounds. Hallucinations and distortion of size are common.
Entire experience lasts about 5-6 hours. Muscimol is a
hallucinogen whivh affects the central nervous system. Ibotenic
acid causes flushing of the skin and lethargy. Muscarine is a
highly toxic hallucinogen.

Contraindications: Before harvesting these or any mushrooms for
ingestion one should establish positive identification. Several
closely related amanita species are extremely toxic. These
include A. pantherina, A. vorosa, A. verna, and A. phalloides
(destroying angel). Large amounts of A. muscaria can also be
fatal. Three mushrooms is the absolute maximum recommended.

Note: Most ingested muscimol is passed unaltered into the urine.
Siberian mushroom users make the practice of drinking this urine
to recycle the psychoactive materials.

Supplier: Must be gathered from nature.


GI'-I-SA-WA Lycoperdon marginatum and L. mixtecorum. Family
Lycoperdaceae.

Material: Puffball fungus found at high altitudes in temperate
forests of Mexico.

Usage: Puffball and/or spores are ingested.

Active Constituents: Unidentified alkaloid.

Effects: Half-sleep state with non-visual hallucinations (voices,
echoes, and other sounds).

Contraindications: None known.

Supplier: Some related species grow wild in USA.


GUARANA Paullinia cupana HBK. Family Sapindaceae (Soapberry
family).

Material: Seeds of woody liana from forests of Brazil.

Usage: Seeds are allowed to mold, are ground, mixed with cassava
flour and water to form paste, and dried in cylindrical shapes.
For use  tsp. is scraped from cylinder, dissolved in 1 cup hot
water with honey, and drunk.

Active Constituents: Caffeine 5% (2  times that of coffee).

Effects: Stimulant.

Contraindications: Long-term excessive use of caffeine may causes
nervousness, insomia, habituation.

Supplier: MGH


HARMINE 7-methoxy-1-methyl-9H-pyrido (3,4-b) indole.

Material: Indole-based alkaloid found in several plants including
Banisteriopsis caapi (from which the South American
hallucinogenic brew yage is prepared), Peganum harmala (Syrian
rue), Zygophyllum fabago, and Passiflora incarnata (Passion
flower).

Usage: 25-750 mg harmine (see effects) is ingested on an empty
stomach stomach. In its hydrochloride form harmine may be snuffed
(20-200 mg). Injection dosages are smaller: SC 40-70 mg; IV 10-30
mg. Absorbed poorly through stomach.

Effects: Harmine and related alkaloids are serotonin antagonists,
hallucinogens, CNS stimulants, and short-term MAO inhibitors (100
x MAO inhibition of iproniazid but lasting only several hours).
Small doses (25-50 mg) act as mild and therapeutic cerebral
stimulant, sometimes producing drowsy or dreamy state for 1-2
hours. Larger doses up to 750 mg may have hallucinogenic effects,
the intensity of which varies widely with the individual. Doses
of 25-250 mg taken with LSD or psilocybin alter the quality of
the experience of the latter. Telepathic experience have been
reported with this combination.

Contraindications: Harmine is a brief MAO inhibitor. It should
not be used with alcohol and certain foods and drugs (see list at
end of file). When snuffed harmine may be slightly irritating to
nasal passages. Large amounts may depress CNS. Since individual
sensitivity varies this may occur with 250-750 mg.

Supplier: KK, KAL, TM.

o       Notes on other harmala alkaloids: Different harmala
alkaloids vary in potency. The equivalent of 100 mg harmine is 50
mg harmaline, 35 mg tetrahydraharman, 25 mg harmalol or harmol, 4
mg methoxyharmalan. Harmal alkaloids are synergistic (mutually
potentiating) and are therefore most effective when combined in
an appropriate balance. Tropines (belladonna alkaloids) also
potentiate harmals. Harmol and harmalol (phenols) in overdoses
can cause progressive CNS paralysis. All above are supplied by
KK, KAL, and TM.


HAWAIIAN WOOD ROSE, Baby Argyreia nervosa. Family Convolvulaceae
(Bindweed family).

Material: Seeds within round pods of climbing plant found in
Asian and Hawaiian forests.

Usage: Seeds are removed from pods, white layer is scraped or
singed from seed coat and seeds are ground and consumed or soaked
in water, strained and drunk. Dose 4-8 seeds.

Active Constituents: D-lysergic acid amide and related compounds.

Effects: LSD-like experience with extreme lassitude. Nausea may
be experienced during first hour or two. Total experience lasts
about 6 hours. Tranquil feelings may continue for 12 or more
hours afterwards.

Contraindications: Pregnant women or persons with hisory of liver
disorders should not take lysergic acid amides.

Supplier: RCS.


HAWAIIAN WOOD ROSE, LARGE  Merremia tuberosa. family
Convolvulaceae (Bindweed family).

Material: Large, black seeds within lantern-like pods of Hawaiian
vine.

Usage, Effects, and Contraindications: Similar to baby wood rose.
Dose 4-8 large seeds.

Supplier: RCS


HELIOTROPE Valeriana officinalis. Family Valerianaceae.

Material: Roots of fairly common garden plant.

Usage:  oz. boiled for 5 minutes in 1 pt. water, strained and
drunk.

Active Constituents: Chatinine, valerine (alkaloids), valeric
(propylacetic) acid.

Effects: Tranquilizer and sedative.

Contraindications: Has unpleasant smell but tolrable taste. May
add honey.

Supplier: Herb MGH; seeds RCS.


HENBANE Hyoscyamus niger L. Family Solanaceae (Potato family).

Material: Various parts of hairy, sticky biennial or annual found
in waste places, roadsides, and sandy areas of Europe (sometimes
USA).

Usage: Leaves and seeds are smoked in India and Africa for
inebriting effect. Brew made by boiling crushed roots.

Active Constituents: Hyoscyamine, scopolamine and other tropanes.

Effects: Hallucinogen and sedative. Hyoscyamine is similar to
atropine but more powerful in its effects upon the peripheral
nervous system.

Contraindications: Same as thornapple. European sorcerers of
middle ages claimed that excessive use cause permanent insanity.

Supplier: Must find in habitat.


HOPS Humulus lupulus. Family Cannabinacea.

Material: Flaky-textured and pleasantly bitter fruiting parts of
perennial vine used as a flavoring in beer brewing.

Usage: May be smoked like marijuana, extracted into alcohol or
steeped in water (1 oz./pt.).

Active Constituents: Lupuline (a resinous powder chemically
related to THC).

Effects: Sedative. When smoked gives mild marijuana-like high
with sedative qualities.

Contraindications: Excessive use over a long period may cause
dizziness, mental stupor and mild juandice symptoms in some
individuals.

Note: Several popular books on the cultivation of cannabis have
pointed out that hops vines may be grafted to marijuana root
stocks. The result is aplant which appears to be a normal hops
vine but which contains the active constituents of marijuana.
This means that people can raise their own marijuana disguised as
hops and not be discovered by law agents. Because of this the
government has asked hops growers to refuse to sell hops cuttings
to the general public. There are no laws against hops but they
are now difficult to obtain. Hops are mostly propagated from root
cuttings. Viable seeds are rare.

Supplier: Dried hop or viable roots MGH; viable seeds RCS.


HYDERGINE (Ergoloid Mesylates)- Improves mental function, prevents 
hypoxia and other damage to brain cells,increases blood supply to 
brain, enhances brain metabolism, slows deposit of aging pigment and 
other posistive effects
        PRECAUTIONS- Too large inital dose may cause nausea, gastric 
disturbance or headache. Non-toxic even at very high dosages. 
Contraindicated for individuals with acute or chronic psychosis.
        DOSE-    9-12 mg/Day
        COST-   100 x 5mg. oral tablets $39

 Sources:
 Interlab.

        INTERLAB
        BCM BOX 5890
        LONDON WC1N 3XX
        ENGLAND U.K.


The other suppliers (PI/InHome) have similar problems, apparently.

Hydergine is also available from the Life Extension Pharmacy,
800-822-5388, for 1000 1mg tablets , $149.00


HYDRANGEA Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora. Family Saxifragaceae.

Material: Leaves of common garden shrub.

Usage: Leaves are dried and smoked. One cigarette only.

Active Constituents: Hydrangin, saponin and cyanogenic
substances.

Effects: Mild marijuana-like high, subtoxic inebriation.

Contraindications: Too much may produce more cyanide than the
system can metabolize. Not recommended.

Supplier: Nurseries, RCS.


INDIAN SNAKEROOT Rauwolfia serpentina. Family Apocynaceae
(Dogbane Family).

Material: Root of shrub native of Indian.

Usage: 50-150 mg of root is chewed and ingested.

Active Constituents: Reserpine, rescinnamine, yohimbine,
ajmaline, serpentine (indole alkaloids).

Effects: Lowers blood pressure, tranquilizers mind without
causing stupor and ataxia. Effects are delayed for serveral days
to several weeks because reserpine must be converted in the body
into secondary substances. Used medicinally to treat insanity and
by holy men to produce states of tranquility conducive to
meditation. Effects last for several days.

Contraindications: See reserpine.

Supplier: MGH (inquire). See reserpine and recinnamine.


INTOXICATING MINT Lagochilus inebrians. Family Labiatae (Mint
family).

Materials: Leaves of Central Asian shrub.

Usage: Leaves are dried and steeped to make tea.

Active Constituents: Unidentified polyhydric alcohol.

Effects: Tranquilizer, intoxicant, mild hallucinogen.

Contraindications: None known.

Supplier: MGH (inquire first).


IOCHROMA Iochroma sp. Family Solanaceae (Potato family).

Material: Leaves of shrub or small tree with tubular flowers
(purple, blue, scarlet, or white) found in wooded areas of Peru,
Chile, and Columbia (especially Andean highlands), also
cultivated in gardens in USA.

Usage: Leaves are smoked or made into tea.

Active Constituents: Unidentified (probably tropanes).

Effects: Hallucinogen.

Contraindications: Insuffivient data. Caution advised with all
tropane bearing materials.

Supplier: Cutting RCS.

JUNIPER Juniperus macropoda. Family Cupressaceae (Cypress
family).

Material: Leaves and branches of bush or tree found in
northwestern Himalayan area. Berries of some juniper species are
used in gin.

Usage: Leaves and branches are spread upon embers of fire. Person
places blanket over head while inhaling smoke.

Active Constituents: Norpseudoephedrine, vitamin C (which helps
to counteract some bad effects of the drug).

Effects: Stimulation, euphoria, mental clarity, followed
occasionally by hallucinations terminating in drowsiness, sleep,
or depression. Resoiratory and pulse rate increase.

Contraindications: Initial use sometimes accompanied by
dizziness, lassitude, epigastric pain, decreased cardiovascular
capacity. Prolonged use may result in cardiac diseases, appetite
loss, reduction in sexual drive, delirium tremens.

Supplier: Cutting RCS (inquire).


KOLA NUTS Cola nitida. Family Sterculiaceae (Cacao family).

Material: Seeds of African tree.

Usage: Seeds are chewed or ground and boiled in water, 1
tbsp./cup.

Active Constituents: Caffeine 2%, theobromine, kolanin (a
glucoside).

Effects: Stimulant and economizer of muscular and nervous
energies, Aids combustion of fats and carbohydrates, reduces
combustion of nitrogen and phosphorus in body.

Contraindications: Long-term excessive use of caffeine may cause
nervousness, insomnia, habituation.

Supplier: MGH


KUTHMITHI Withania somnifera. Family Solanaceae (Potato family).

Material: Root-bark of shrub found in open places and disturbed
areas of South Africa, tropical Africa and India. Other parts of
plant used medicinally as local pain reliever, leaves to rid
lice, fruit to make soap.

Usage: Root-bark boiled as infusion.

Active Constituents: Somniferine, withaferin, and other
alkaloids.

Effects: Sedative.

Contraindications: No apparent undesirable side effects. Given
safely to infants in North Africa.

Supplier: Cuttings RCS (inquire).


LION'S TAIL Lenotis leonurus R. Br. Family Labiatae (Mint
family).

Material: Resins from leaves of tall South African perennial
shrub found in gardens of warmer parts of U.S.

Usage: Dark green resin is scraped or extracted from leaves and
flower parts and added to tabacco or other smoking mixtures.
Dried leaves may also be smoked or chewed.

Effects: Similar to marijuana and/or tobacco.

Active Constituents: Unidentified resinous materials (possibly
leonurine).

Contraindications: Persistent use may lead to habituation (same
degree as tobacco).

Supplier: Some Southern California nurseries; RCS (inquire).


LOBELIA Lobelia inflata. Family Lobeliaceae.

Material: Leaves, stems, and seeds of North American plant
sometimes called Indian tobacco.

Usage: May be smoked or steeded - 1tbs./pt. water.

Active Constituents: Lobeline - 2-[6--hydroxyphenethyl)-1-methyl-2-
piperidyl]  acetophenone - and related alkaloids.

Effects: When smokded produces mild marijuana-like quphoria and
improves mental clarity. Tea acts simultaneously as a stimulant
and relaxant. Lesser amount tend to act as stimulant; larger
amounts as a relaxant. Also may cause tingling body sensations
and altered mental state.

Contraindication: Has acrid taste, causes unpleasant, prickly
feelings in mouth and throat. May cause nausea, vomiting, and
cirulatory disturbances. Smoking may cause brief headaches in
persons subject to migraine.

Supplier: Herb and herbal seed MGH; viable seed RCS.


MADAGASCAR PERIWINKLE Catharanthus roseus, formerly Vinca rosea.
Family Apocynaceae (Dogbane family).

Material: Leaves of everblooming subshrub native to Madagascar,
now grown as ornamental throughout USA and foubnd wild in
Florida.

Usage: Dried leaves are smoked.

Active Constituents: Indole alkaloids resembling ibogaine:
akummine, catharosine, vindoline, vincristine, vinblastine,
vincamine.

Effects: Euphoria and hallucinations, Vincamine improves mental
ability in cerebrovascular disorders.

Contraindications: Causes immediate reduction of white
corpuscles. Excessive or prolonged use causes itching abd burning
skin, hair loss, ataxia, and degeneration of muscle tissue.
Strongly disrecommended.

Supplier: Plants, nurseries; viable seeds RCS.

MANDRAKE Mandragora officinarum L. Family Solanaceae (Potato
family).

Material: Various parts especially parsnip-shaped rppt of
perennial plant found in fields and stony places of southern
Europe.

Usage: Brew amde from boiling crushed root.

Active Constituents: Scopolamine, hyoscyamine, mandragorine and
other tropanes.

Effects: Hallucinations followed by deathlike trance and sleep.

Contraindications: Same as thornapple. Said to cause insanity.
Not recommended.

Supplier: Must be obtained in Europe.

MARABA Kaempferia galanga L. Family Zingiberaceae (Ginger
family).

Material: Rhizome chweed and ingested.

Active Constituents: Unidentified substance(s) in volatile oils
of rhizome.

Effects: Hallucinogen.

Contraindications: None known. Has long histroy of medicinal use.

Supplier: MGH (inquire).

MAT Ilex paraguayensis. Family Aquifoliaceae (Holly family).

Material: Leaves of small evergreen tree found near streams in
forests of Brazil, Aregentina and Paraguay.

Usage: Leaves steeped in hot water and drunk.

Active Consituents: Caffeine and other purines.

Effects: Stimulant. Not as upsetting to system as coffee or tea.

Contraindications: Long-term excessive use of caffeine may cause
nervousness, insomnia, habituation.

Supplier: MGH, health stores.


MESCAL BEANS Sophora secundiflora. Family Leguminosae (Bean
family).

Material: Red Bean of evergreen shrub found in Texas, New Mexico
and northern Mexico.

Usage:  bean or less is roasted near a fire until it turns
yellow, ground to meal, chewed and swallowed.

Active Constituents: Cytisine (a toxic pyridine).

Effects: Vomoting, intoxication and increased heartbeat, followed
by 3 days of drowsiness or sleep.

Contraindications: Extremely toxic. Even just a little too much
( bean for some) may cause convulsions and death. Was used in
ritual by Plains Indians before they had peyote. Now it is no
longer used.

Supplier: Grows wild on limestone hills. Viable seeds RCS.


5-MeO-DMT 5-methoxy-n,n-dimethyltryptamine.

Material: Indole-based alkaloid found in seeds, pods, bark and
resins of several South American trees, including Piptadenia
peregrina and Virola calophylla, used in the snuffs yopo, epena,
and parica.

Usage: 3.5-5 mg are on top of parsley flakes in a small-bowl hash
pipe and smoked in one inhalation, or broken into fine particles
and snuffed.

Effects: Overwhelming psychedelic effects occir almost instantly,
softening to a pleasant LSD-like sensation after 2-3 minutes.
Changes in perception may occur including brightening of colors
and macroscopia (size changes). Total experience last 20-30
minutes.

Contraindications: Some persons experience dizziness,
disorientation and sensations of pressure during first 2-3
minutes especially with larger doses. If this occurs it is best
to try and flow with the experience because it will quickly pass
and give way to more comfortable feeling. One should not take
5-MeO-DMT on a full stomach or when feeling bloated, as pressure
and nausea may occur. The drug leaves no hangover or undesirable
aftereffects. One usually feels pleasantly stimulated for several
hours afterwards. If taken too soon before retiring, it may
interfere with sleep. Because of intense initial effects one
should never use this substance while driving. Very large doses.
sufficient to cause heavy blood rush to the head, may rupture
weak capillaries in the brain. Continued to excess this might
eventually impair mental functions. MAO Inhibitor (see end of
file).

Suplier: KK, TM.


MORMON TEA Ephedra nevadensis. Family Gnetaceae.

Material: Above ground parts of leafless desert shrub found in
American Southwest.

Usage:  oz./1 pt. water boiled for 10 minutes.

Active Constituents: D-norpseudoephedrine. (Note: In contrast to
the Asian species E. equisetina and E. sinica, E. nevadensis
contains little or no ephedrine).

Effects: Stimulant. Also relieves congestion and asthma.

Contraindications: No serious side effects known. May depress
appetite if used to excess.  Natural source od psudoemphdrene, a common 
over the counter medication.  This has been shown to raise blood 
pressure and may not be recomended for persons with already higher than 
notmal blood pressure.

Supplier: Dried herb MGH; viable seeds RCS.


MORNING GLORY Ipomoea violacea. Family Convolculaceae (Bindweed
family).

Material: Seeds amd to a lesser extent all other parts of plant
except roots. Strongest varieties are: Heavenly Blue, Pearly
Gates, Flying Saucers, Wedding Bells, Blue Star, Summer Skies,
and Badoh Negro (Mexican variety).

Usage: 5-10 grams of seeds are throughly chewed and swallowed or
may be thoroughly ground and soaked in  cup water for half an
hour, strained and drunk.

Active Constituents: D-lysergic acid amide and ergometrine.

Effects: LSD-like experience lasting 6 hours.

Contraindication: Persons with history of hepatitis or other
liver disorders should not take lysergic acid amides. Ergometrine
has uterus stimulating properties and should not be taken by
pregnant women. Some supplier treat morning-glory seeds with
poison to discourage use as a mind alterant, or with methyl
mercury to prevent spoilage (symptons: vomiting, diarrhea). If
treated seeds are planted toxins are not transmitted to next
generation. Some persons wearing treated seeds as beads on bare
skin have developed rash.

Supplier: Untreat seeds RCS.


NUTMEG Myristica fragrans. Family Myristicaceae (Nutmeg family).

Material: Seeds of tropical evergreen tree found in East and West
Indies.

Usage: 5-20 grams of whole or ground nutmeg is ingested.

Active Constituents: Methylenedioxy-substituted compounds:
myristicin (non-amine precursor of 3-methoxy-4,5-
methylenedioxyamphetamine [M-MDA]), elemicin, and safrole (non-amine
precursor of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine [MDA]). These and other
aromatic fractions combine synergistically to produce psychotropic
effect. Terpenes enhance absorption.

Effects: Possible nausea during first 45 minutes, followed in
several hours by silly feelings and giggling, and then dryness of
mouth and throat, flushing of skin and blodshot eyes, heavy
intoxicated feeling, incoherant speech and impaired moter
function. This is followed by tranquil feelings, stupor with
inability to sleep, euphoria and twilight state dreams. Total
experience last about 12 hours, followed by 24 hours of
drowsiness and sleep.

Contraindication: May cause temporary constipation and difficulty
in urination. Nutmeg oils increase fat deposits on liver. Safrole
is carcinogenic  and toxic to liver. Benefucial as spice or in
small amounts; not recommended as hallucingen.

Supplier: Grocery stores; viable seeds RCS.


OLOLUIQUE Rivea corymbosa. Family Convolvulaceae (Bindweed
family).

Material: Seeds of vine found in mountains of southern Mexico.

Usage: 15 or more seeds are thoroughly ground and soaked in  cup
water.

Active Constituents: D-lysergic acid amide, lysergol, and
turbicoryn (a crystalline glucoside).

Effects: LSD-like experience lasting about 6 hours, with relaxed
feelings afterwards. Nausea may be experienced during first hour.
D-lysergic acid amide is a hallucinogen. Turbicoryn stimulates
the CNS and has anti-tension properties

Contraindications: Persons with history of liver disorders should
not take lysergic acid amides.

Supplier: Must be procured in Mexico.


PARSLEY Petroselinum crispum. Family Umbelliferae (Carrot
family).

Material Oil of seeds.

Usage: Ingested

Active Consituents: Apiole (non-amine precursor of 2,5-dimethoxy-
3,4-methlenedioxyamphetamine [DMMDA]) and another u identified
olefinic substance with an allyl side chain which is the
non-amine precursor of 2,3,4,5-tetramethoxyamphetamine (Tetra
MA).

Effects: Uncertain (stimulant-hallucinogen?). Useful as stomachic
in small doses.

Contrainications: Psychotropically effective doses toxic to liver
and harmful to kidneys. Not recommended.

Supplier Herb dealers, MGH; viable seed RCS, B, G, NK, FM.


PASSIONFLOWER Passiflora incarnata. Family Passifloraceae
(passionflower family).

Material Leaves and stems of perennial vine native to West Indies
and southern USA, now cultivated throughout world.

Usage: May be smoked, steeped as tea ( oz./1 pt. boiled water)
or reduced to crude alkaloidal mix.

Active Consituents: Harmine and related alkaloids. Approximately
1 gm mixed harmal alkaloids per kilo. Also several unidentified
alkaloids.

Effects: Smoked, very mild, short-lasting marijuana-like high.
Tea, tranquilizer and sedative. Harmala alkaloids are
hallucingens.

Contraindictions: Other materials in crude alkaloid reduction may
cause nausea. Harmala alkaloids are short-term MAO inhibitors.
See list of dangerous combinations, at end of file.

Supplier: Herb, MGH; seed and plants, RCS.


PEMOLIONE 2-imimo-5-phenyl-4-oxazolidinone.

Material: Hydantoin-group chemical prepared synthetically.

Usage: 20-50 mg orally.

Effect: Mental stimulant with very little CNS stimulation,
lasting 6-12 hours.

Contraindictions: No serious side effects. Insomnia may occur if
sufficient time is not alloweed between taking pemoline and
retiring.

Supplier: KK, TM.


PEMOLINE MAGNESIUM [2-imino-5-phenyl-4-oxazolidinonato(2)-]
diaquomagnesium.

Material: A complex from equimolar mixture of pemoline and
magnesium hydroxide under study in Abbott Laboratories as an
adjunct to learning and memory.

Usage: Pemoline magnesium is not always available. To prepare the
magnesium complex 500 mg of pemoline is mixed with 170 mg or more
of magnesium hydroxide and moistened, or with  tsp. or more milk
of magnesia. Mixture should be stirred thoroughly as a paste and
allowed 30 minutes to insure reaction before using. This material
is divided into 10-14 equal portions. One portion is ingested
each morning for 10-14 consecutive days. The effects are
cumulative. Results are most noticeable when combined with high
protein diet, abundant vitamin C and balanced B complex intake,
and adequate calcium and magnesium consumption. For more
pronounced and immediate effects as a cerebral and CNS stimulant,
200-500 mg of pemoline magnesium may be taken as once.

Effects: Larger dosage acts as a CNS stimulant and psychic
stimulant, improving mental faculties, especially memory, for
6-24 hours. Its effects are similar to the emphetamines without
causing dryness of mucous membrance tissues and cardiac stress.
Smaller consecutive doses act as mild CNS and psychic stimulant
and accumulate magnesium in cerebal synapses. Magnesium acts as a
catalyst conductor in the synapses of the brain's memory centers.
Taken in this manner magnesium pemoline may increase efficiency
of memory up to 60% in both young persons and senile older
people. After completing the series these effects may last from
several weeks to several months, tapering gradually. Effects can
be regained by taking boosters series when needed. It can be
taken either while learning or while attempting to recall learned
material. Assits RNA formation in brain.

Contraindications: Large doses (or even smaller doses if taken
too soon before retiring may interefere with sleep.

Supplier: Pemoline magnesium hydroxide, and sometimes pemoline
magnesium (inquire), KK, TM.


PIPILZINTZINTLI Salvia diveinorum. Family Labiatae (Mint family).

Material: Leaves of plant found in southern Mexico. Also used for
same effects are leaves of Coleus blumei and C. pumila, common
house plants.

Usage: About 70 large fresh leaves are thoroughly chewed and
swallowed or crushed and soaked in 1 pt. water for 1 hour,
strained and drunk. If osterizer is avilable leaves may be
liquefied in water.

Active Consituents: Uncertain, believed to be an unstable
crystalline polyhydric alcohol.

Effects: Similar to psilocybin with colorful visual patterns, but
milder and lasting only 2 hours.

Contraindications: Some people experience nausea during first 
hour; otherwise no unpleasant or harmful side effects known.

Supplier: S. divinorum must usually be procured in Mexico. It is
extremely rare. The Church of the Tree of Life (451 Columbus
Avenua, San Francisco, California 94133) has a large specimen,
one of the few existing in the USA. They will send a rooted
cutting to anyone who donates $100 or more to the church. Coleus
plants may be bought in any nursery; coleus seeds B, FM, G, NK,
RCS.


PSILOCYBE MUSHROOMS Psilocybe mexicana. Family Agaricaceae
(Agaric family)

Material: Carpophores and myvelia of this mushroom, found in
southern Mexico, and of other chemically related species (see
below) found in North and South America.

Usage: 4-20 fresh mushrooms are consumed on empty stomach. Number
deopends upon size, time of harvest, and individual's tolerance.

Active Constituents: Psilocybin and psilocin.

Effects: Muscular relaxation and mild visual changes during first
15-30 minutes followed by giddiness, straying of concentration,
visual and auditory hallucinations, lassitude, and feelings of
disassociation without loss of awareness. Peak 1-1 hours after
ingestion. Total experience approximately 6 hours.

Contraindictions: Taken too soon after food may cause nausea.
Mazatec Indians claim that constant use of these mushrooms over
extended period will accelerate aging process. One death
(6-year-old boy) was attributed to the ingestion of alarge number
of P. baeocystis, which contains baeocystin and nor-baeocystin.
Normal use by adults does not indicate toxicity.

Supplier: Many species may be found wild throughout USA and
Canada. Amoung them are: Psilocybe baeocystis, P. caerulescens
(strongest variety), P. caerulipes, P. cubensis var. cyanescens,
P. cyanescens, P. pellipes, Conocybe cyanopes, Copelandia
cyanescens, Panaeolus foenisecci, P. subbalteatus, Pholiotina
cyanopoda. Do not consume mushrooms gather wild until positively
identified by expert mycologist.


RESCINNAMINE 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl methyl reserpate.

Material: Indole-based alkaloid in Rauwolfia sepentina.

Usage: 0.5-2.5 mg orally.

Effects: Hypotensive, sedative, tranquilizer similar to
reserpine.

Contraindictions: Similar to reserpine but less severe.

Supplier: KK, TM.


RESERPINE 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl methyl reserpate.

Material: Major active indole-based alkaloid in Rauwolfia spp.

Usage: 0.05-2.5 mg orally.

Effects: Hypotensive, sedative, tranquilizer. Depletes serotonin
and nor-epinephrine in brain tissue. Delayed but prolonged
effect. See Indian Snakeroot.

Contraindictions: Usually safe if not taken in overdoses or
excessively. Too much or with sensitive individuals may cause
nasal stuffiness, diarrhea, slowed heartbeat, drowsiness,
fatigue. Too frequent use may cause weight gain. MAO inhibitor
interfere with serotonon and norepinephrine depleting action of
reserpine.

Supplier: KK, TM, MCB, COC


SAN PEDRO Trichocereus pachanoi. Family Cactaceae (Cactus
Family).

Material: Tall braching cactus from Peru and Ecuador.

Usage: A piece 3" diameter x 3-6" long is cut, peeled and eaten
(do not waste that which clings to the inside of the skin as it
is most potent), or instead of peeling, mash it or cut it into
small pieces and biol in 1 quart water for hours, strain and
drink slowly.

Active Constituents: Mescaline (1.2 g/k fresh weight),
homoveratrylamine, 3-methoxytyramine.

Effects: Similar to peyote but more tranquil. takes 1-1 hours to
come on, lasts about 6 hours.

COntraindications: Some people experience mausea from mescaline.
It is best to take mescaline, peyote or San Pedro slowly over a
period of 45 minutes to aviod chemical shock to the system.

Supplier: Cutting AND, NMCR; seeds NMCR, RCSD.


SASSAFRAS Sassafras officinale albidum. Family Lauraceae (Laurel
family).

Material: Aromatic root-bark of North American tree.

Usage: Brewed as tea (1 oz./pt. water). Oil fraction extracted in
alcohol or distilled. Safrole is not water-soluble. Starting dose
100-200 mg of extracted and dried oil.

Active Consituents: Safrole (non-amine precursor of MDA
[3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine]).

Effects: Tea in large doses acts as stimulant and induces
perspiration. Safrole (MDA) stimulant, hallucinogen; aphrodisiac
in large doses, euphoriant in small doses.

Contraindications: Safrole is toxic to liver (avoid repeated
use). Increases incidence of tumors in laboratory animals.
Excessive doses may cause vomiting, shock, aphasia, and death by
central paralysis of respiration. Normal use as tea is safe.

Supplier: Fresh root wild, eastern USA, collected in early sprint
or autumn. Dried root MGH; young trees RCS.


SCOPOLAMINE HYDROBROMIDE

Material: Hydrobromide salt of tropane alkaloid found in
belladonna, datura, and other solanaceaous plants.

Usage: 0.5-5 mg orally on empty stomach.

Effects: CNS depressant, anticholonergic, sedative in small doses
(0.3-0.8 mg). Euphoriant, hallucinogen and narcotic in large
doses. Takes effect within 15 minutes; lasts 4-12 hours.

Contraindications: Dry mouth and mucous membrances, blurred
vision, difficult swallowing, hot dry skin, headache, restless
fatigue. Must not be used by persons with cardiovascular
disorders or glaucoma. Excessive use may cause brain
decomposition. Not recommended.

Supplier: MCB, KAL, KK, TM.


SHANSI Coriaria thymifolia. Family Coriariaceae.

Material: Purple berries of frond-like shrub found in ANdes and
of other similar species (C. japonica, C. Muscifolia).

Usage: Berries are eaten. Active substances also on leaves.

Active Consituents: Catecholic compunds, sesquiterpenes;
coriamyrtine, coriatine, tutine and pseudotutine.

Effects: Stimulation, hallucinations and sensations of flight.

Contraindications: Little known about this substance. Some tribes
regard it as toxic. LArge doses may cause stupor, coma,
convulsions.

Supplier: Some nurseries carry related species.


SINICUICHI Heimia salicifolia. Family Lythraceae (Loosestrife
family).

Material: Leaves of plant found from Mexico to Argentina.

Usage: Plucked leaves are allowed to wilt slightly, are crushed
in water (or liquefied in blender), permitted to ferment for 1
day in the sun and drunk. If fresh material is not available
dried herb may be steeped in hot water and allowed to sit in sun
for 1 day before drinking. Ten grams dried herb or equivalent of
fresh leaves suggested as starting dose.

Active Constituents: Cryogenine (1-carbamyl-2-phenylhydrazine),
an alkaloid.

Effects: Pleasant drowsiness, skeletal muscle relaxation, slowing
of heartbeat, dilation of coronary vessels, inhibition of
acetylcholine, enhancement of epinephrine, slight reduction of
blood pressure, cooling of body, mild intoxication and giddiness,
darkening of vision, auditory hallucinations (sounds seem
distant), and increased memory function.

Contraindications: No hangover or undesirable side effects.
Overindulgence causes golden-yellow tinge to vision on following
day. Continued immoderate use may eventually hamper memory.

Supplier: Must be procured in Mexico (Oaxaca marketplace).


SO'KSI Mirabilis multiflora. Family Nyctaginaceae (Four-o'clock
family).

Material: Root of magenta-flowered oerennial found at elevations
of 2500-5600 ft. on hillsides amoung rocks and shrubs throughout
Arizona, Utah, Colorado and northern Mexico.

Usage: Large root is chewed and juice is swallowed. Used by Hopi
medicine men for diagnostic divination.

Active Constituents: Unidentified.

Effects: Hallucinogen.

Contraindictions: None known. Root of similar species M. jalapa
(four-o'clocks) may posses similar activity, but is also powerful
emetic.

Supplier: Viable seeds RCS. Plants found wild in SW USA. Caution:
M. multiflora has 2-5 flowers per calyx; M. jalapa has only one.
M. jalapa seeds RCS, FM, NK, B, G.


SULBUTIAMINE (Arcalion)- Described as being like hydergine only better. 
Facilitates wakefullness, inproves long-term memory, speeds reaction 
time decreases anxiety.
        PRECAUTIONS- Do not exceed 3  x 200mg tablets at any time as 
may cause severe headaches.  Other than this has no other adverse 
affects.
        DOSE-   2 x 200mg. tablets for 20 days.
        COST-   20 X 200 mg. tablets $11


SYRIAN RUE Peganum harmala. Family Zygophyllaceae (Caltrop
family.)

Material: Seeds of woody perennial native  to Middle East. (Roots
also active but seldom used.)

Usage 1 oz. seeds are thoroughly chewed and swallowed. Mosy
effective when combined with other psychotropic materials,
especially those containing tropanes.

Active Constituents: Harmine, harmaline and harmalol.

Effects and Contraindications: Hallucinogen; see harmine et al.

Supplier: MGH (inquire).




THORN-APPLE Datura inoxia Mill. Family Solanaceae (Potato
family).

Material: Roots, stems, leaves, flowers or seeds of short annual
herb found in dry open places and garbage dumps of Mexixo and
southwestern USA.

Usage: Stems and leaves smoked to relieve asthma or produce mild
intoxication. Roots and seeds for divinatory uses. Root is
crushed in water and drunk. Leaves and seeds added to ganga
(cannabis) in India for extra effects.

Active Constituents: Scopolamine, atropine, hyoscyamine and other
tropanes.

Effects: Hallucinogen and hypnotic.

Contraindications: Excessive amounts toxic. May cause blacking
out and severe headaches. Yaqui Indian brujos claim that smoking
or ingestion of flowers will cause insanity. See scopolamine and
stropine.

Supplier: Seeds RCS. Other similar species include: D. fastuosa,
D. metel, D. Meteloides (toloachi), D. stramonium (jimson weed).
See also tree daturas, atropine, scopolamine.


TREE DATURAS Datura, subgenus Brugmansia; includes D. candida, D.
suaveolens, D. sanguinea, D. arborea, D. aurea, D. dolichocarpa,
D. vulcanicola. Family Solanaceae (Potato family).

Material: Various parts of short tree with dropping fragrant,
trumpet-shaped flowers native to South America found in many
gardens throughout USA (especially California).

Usage: Leaves are sometimes smoked. Other parts brewed in hot
water. In Andes small amount of seed is pulverized and added to
beverages. Infusion given orally or rectally in adolescent ritual
among some western Amazon tribes.

Active Constituents: Scopolamine, hyoscyamine, nor-hyoscyamine
and other tropanes.

Effects: Leaves similar to D. inoxia. Seeds cause mental
confusion, delirium followed by fitful sleep with colorful
hallucinations.

Contraindictions: More toxic than D. inoxia. Excessive amounts
may cause amnesia.

Supplier: Seeds of D. arborea, D. candida and D. suaveolens RCS.
See also atropine and scopolamine.


L-TRYPTOPHAN 1-a-aminoindole-3-propionic acid.

Material: Amino acid essential to human nutrition.

Usage 5-8 grams are ingested on empty stomach.

Effects: Drowsiness, euphoria and mental changes similar to mild
(5 mg) does of psilocybin.

Contraindictions: Tendency to fall asleep. Excessive use could
cause dietary amino acid imbalence.

Supplier: MCB, COC, TM, KAL, KK (Note: Trytophan was recently
banned by the FDA for human consumption, this may make it harder
to find, try chemical supply stores - EoI).

 VASSOPRESSIN (Diapid)- A brain hormone released by the pituitary. 
Improve attention, concentration, memory and reacall. Cocaine, LSD, 
amphetamines, Ritalin, and Cylert(pemoline) cause depletion of 
vassopressin.  Marijuana and alchohol inhibit the release of 
vassopressin. A Whiff of vassopressin can transform your experience in 
about 10 seconds when using these drugs as it is an application of the 
specific hormone being affected. 
 PRECAUTIONS-  Vassopressin occasionally produces the following side 
affects; runny nose, nasal congestion, itch or irritation of the nasal 
cavities, headache abdominal cramps and increased bowel movements.  
Safety during pregnancy unknown.
 DOSE- Comes in a nasal spray bottle.  2-4 whiffs 3-4 time2 a day will 
produce noticeable affects in seconds. 
 COST-           12 ml. nasal spray $22
 Send $6 with order for shipping, $10 for accelerated shiping


WILD FENNEL Foeniculum vulgare Mill.  Family Umbelliferae (Carrot
family).

Material: Oil from seeds of feathery-leafed weed bearing
yellow-green umbels with anise fragrance found in waste places of
southern Europe and west coast USA.

Usage: 5-20 drops of oil orally.

Active Constituents: Estragole (non-amine precursor of
4-methoxyamphetamine [MA]).

Effects: Epileptic-like convulsions and hallucinations.

Contraindications: Epileptic syndrome is undesirable.
Constituents in the oil are toxic to liver and harsh to kidneys.
Normal amounts as used in falvoring are apparently safe;
hallucingenic dosage may be disastrous.

Supplier: Grows wild. Seeds MGH; viable seeds RCS.


WORMWOOD Artemisia absinthium. Family Compositae (Sunflower
family).

Material: Leaves and stems of common herb.

Usage: Bitter essential oil is extracted into alcohol. SOmetimes
combined with Pernod or anisette to make absinthe.

Active Consituents: Absinthine (a dimeric guaianolide),
anabsinthin, and volatile oil mainly consisting of thujone.

Effects: Narcotic.

Contraindications: Excessive long-term ise of liqueur may be
habit forming and debilitating. Ingestion of volatile oil or
liqueur may cause GI disturbances, nervousness, stupor and
convulsion due to thujone.

Supplier: Dried herb MGH; viable seeds RCS.


YAGE (Pronounced ya-hee; also called ayahuasca.) Banusteriopsis
caapi. Family Malpighiaceae.

Material: Lower parts of stem from vine found in Amazon and
Orinoco basins of South America.

Usage: Stem is pounded in mortar, usually with other local
psychoactive materials (mostly solanaceous plants), boiled in
just enough water 2-24 hours, strained, reduced to 1/10 volume, 4
oz cup is drunk by natives. Other should start with 1/3 this
amount.

Active Constituents: Harmine, harmaline, harmalol and
tetrahydroharmine. Approximetely 500 mg total alkaloids per 4 oz.
cup prepared as above.

Effects: Trembling within a few minutes followed by perspiration
and physical stimulation for 10-15 minutes, then calm with mental
clouding, hallucination, increased color, blue-violet shades,
size changes, and improved night vision. Harmala alkaloids are
short-term MAO inhibitors.

Contraindications: See harmine et al.

Supplier: No local sourse of yage. See harmine et al (EoI: See my
notes at end under Suppliers..)


Yohimbe Corynanthe yohimbe. Family Rubiaceae (madder family).

Material: The inner bark of a tropical West African tree.

Usage: 6-10 tsp of shaved bark boiled 10 minues in 1 pint water,
strained and sipped slowly. Addition of 500 mg vitamin C per cup
make it take effect more quickly and potently (probably by
forming easily assimilated ascorbates of the alkaloids).

Active Constituents: Yohimbine, yohimbiline, ajmaline
(indole-type alkaloids).

Effects: First effects after 30 minutes (15 minutes with
viatamin C), warm, pleassant spinal shiver, followed by psychic
stimulation, heghtening of emotional and sexual feelings, mild
perceptual changes without hallucinations, sometimes spontaneous
erections. Sexual activity is especially pleasurable. Feelings of
bodies melting into one another. Total experience lasts 2-4
hours. Aftereffects: pleasant, relazed feeling with no hangover.
See yohimbine.

Contraindications: Tannins and alkaloids make tea somewhat bitter
and unpleasant. Addition of honey may help. Slight nausea may be
experience by some individuals during 30 minutes. Vitamin C
lessens this. MAO inhibitor; see dangerous combinations, p. 27.
See also yohimbine.

Supplier: MGH


YOHIMBINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Material: Yohimbine is one of several indole-based alkaloids
found in Corynanthe yohimbe, Rauwolfia serpentina, and several
other plants.

Usage: In hydrochloride form it may be either ingested or
snuffed. Dose 15-50 mg (amount size of 1 line of cocaine equals
10 mg).

Effects: Central stimulant, mild hallucinogen, sympathomimetic
with both cholinergic and adrenergic blocking properties,
serotonin inhibitor with both cholinergic and adrenergic blocking
properties, serotonin inhibitor, hypotensive (decreases blood
pressure), and activator of spinal ganglia affecting erectile
tissue of sexual organs (aphrodisiac). Taken orally first effects
occur after 15-30 minutes. Snuffed first effects occur within 5
minutes. Initial effects may include subtle psychic and
perceptual changes, stimulant similar to cocaine, and spinal
shivers. Total experience lasts 2-4 hours gradually tapering.

Contraindications: If taken too close to bedtime may cause
insomnia. If taken while physically exhausted hypotensive
properties may be sharply exafferated. Shuld not be used by
persons with ailment of injury of kidneys, liver or heart, or
inclination towards diabetes or hypoglycemia. MAO inhibitor (see
list of dangerous combinations, p. 27). Anxiety may also occur.
Sodium amobarbitol or Librium alleviate this. Imipramine may
worsen it. Nausea may occur from ingestion of yohimbine, but is
not likely when snuffed.

Supplier: COC, KK, TM, Chemical Supply Stores.

=========================================================================
                                                                         
These are just a small cross section of the Interlab product line, but 
they have found favor with me and mine. You may find the newletter of 
the Cognitive Enhancement Research Institute  helpful.  Send $1.00 to 
CERI PO Box 483 Santa Cruz, CA 96061

=========================================================================

                                SUPPLIERS

        Information on Legal Psychoactives

A little-known FDA ruling now allows the importation af a 3 month 
personal supply of drugs as long as they are regarded as safe in other 
countries. 

INTERLAB a mail order pharmacy was established in response to this new 
FDA ruling.  Interlab carries a wide range of drugs for cognitive 
enhancement, life extension, and treatment of AIDS not available in 
America. All  of the drugs briefly discuussed here can be pruchased 
without a prescription fron them.  You can request a price sheet by 
writing to

  INTERLAB
  PO Box 587
  Newport Pagnell,
  Bucks,  England

You must include the following signed statement with your order:

        I hearby declare that the products I am purchasing are not for 
commercial resale.  They are for my own personal use only. The supply 
ordered does not exceed 3 months usage and they are used with the 
consent of my physician.
                        [signed]

======================================================================


========================================================================
        The materials discussed in this essay are legal despite the fact 
that they have psychotropic properties. Some are far more potent than 
many controlled substances. They have not been designated as illegal by 
any stae or federal codes because they are relatively obscure and have 
never benn subjected to abuse. Although chemicals such as mescaline and 
lysergic acid amide are controlled by Title 21 of the United States Code 
(1970 edition), their plant sources (except for ergot and peyote) are 
not so controlled. It is therefore legal to possess San Pedro cactus, 
morning glory seeds, Hawaiian wood rose, etc., as long as there is no 
indication that they are intended for other than normal horticultural or 
ornamental purposes. The materials listed here are legal at the time of 
this writing. They may be outlawed at any future date. It may be of 
interest to some readers that the Church of the Tree of Life has 
declared as its religious sacraments most substances in this book. 
Because these substances were legal at the time of the Church's 
inception and incorporation their use cannot be denirf to members 
through any future legislation without directly violating the 
Constitution's guarantee of religios freedom. Those interested should 
send a stamped self-addressed envelope to the Church of the Tree of 
Life, 451 Columbus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94133.

        The purpose of this book is provide the user with concise 
reference information on various legal psychotropic materials. These 
include plant materials in their crude herbal form and chemicals either 
synthesized or extracted from natural materials. For each item there is 
a brief description of the material, the method of preparation, dosage 
and use, analysis of active constituents, effects and contraindications 
(side effects, dangers, etc.) and names of commercial suppliers. The 
latter are given as letter codes. The corresponding names and address 
are to be found in the section titled "Suppliers." Because of increasing 
interest in horticulture of psychotropic plants sources of seeds and 
live plants are also given.
        Some of the materials disacussed are very dangerous and are 
strongly disrecommended. They are included because many people have 
already shown an interest in experimenting with them. We feel that it is 
important to discuss them while clearly indicating their dangers.
        Although we feel confident in the accuracy  of the information 
in this guide, we can in no way assume responsibility for the 
experiences of persons following these data for personal drug use.

=====================================================================

        The companies listed here are straight, legitimate
business. Their function is to provide herbs, botanicals, or
chemicals in general. They do not expect that their products are
to be used psychotropically. Type your order, sound normal, do
not ask questions about dose, use, effects, etc. If they think
that you are using  their products as drugs they will probably
refuse to do business with you. Of an item is not in their
catalog inquire about its availability before ordering it.
Include stamped, self-addressed envelope with all queries.
Include 50 cents for postage and handling when requesting
catalogs.

[Note from EoI: I think that many of the chemical companies
listed here have gone out of business. With the 'War on Drugs'
and all it is much harder to order chemicals of any kind. Most of
the chemicals listed here are available from a few supply
companies, look in your local area for ones dealing in
pharmacutical products. I'll list a few extra companies below the
list from the book that may be useful.]


                      LETTER CODES USED IN THIS BOOK

AHD     A. Hugh Dial, 7685 Deer Trail, Yucca Valley, Calif.
B       W. Atlee Burpee Seed Co, 6450 Rutland, Riverside, Calif
                  "              18th & Hunting Park Ave, Philadelphia PA
                  "              615 N. 2nd, Clinton, Lowa.
COC     Columbia Organic Chemicals, 912 Drake St, Columbia, SC
FM*     Ferry-Morse Seed Co., 111 Ferry-Morse Way, Mountain View, Calif
                  "           Stephen Beal Dr., Fulton Ky.
G       Germain's Inc., 4820 E. 50th Vernon, Calif. 90058
KAL     K & K Laboratories, 121 Express St. Plainview, NY.
MCB     Matherson-Coleman-Bell, POB 1622, Milwaukee, Wisc.
MGH*    Magic Garden Herb Co., PON 332, Fairfax Calif 94930
NK*     Northrop-King Seed Cp., 2850 South Highway 99, Fresno, Calif
                   "            1500 NE Jackson, Minneapolis, Minn.
NMCR    New Mexico Cactus Research, POB 787, Belen, NM
RCS*    Redwood City Seed Co., POB 361, Redwood City Calif, 94061
TM      Terrestrial Materials, POB 2152, San Francisco, Calif.

Companies with a '*' next to their letter codes are ones that I
know are still in business as of July 1990. All the ones below
are also in business as of this date.

----------------------------------------------------------------
                                OTHERS

Spectrum Chemical       14422 South San Pedro, Gardena CA 213-516-8000
Has Yohimbine Hydrochloride, and others. Will not sell to
individuals, so you will be to order as a 'Company'.

.... of the Jungle      POB 1801, Sebastopol, CA 95473
Sells many of the South America plants list here, plus many
others not listed. Has some info available on usage. Catalog
$2.00 (Worth it).

Island Spore Co.        POB 8055, Honolulu, Hawaii 96830
Seels Hawaiian Woodrose seeds, and mushroom spore prints, etc.

Thompson & Morgan       POB 1308, Jackson, NJ 08527 201-363-2225
Largest seeds catalog in the world. They supposely sell peyote
seeds. Catalog Free.

Inner Center    POB 362 Hermosa Beach, CA 90254
Is supposed to sell many of the substances listed in this file.
Send $0.25 for the catalog.

Avoid trying to ordering anything from Alrich Chemicals (East
Coast) they have strong ties with law enforcement and generally
assume the worst of their customers.

====================================
====================================
====================================

                                FREEDOM

We upload the right of the individual to do with itself what it
wishes when it does not harm or transgress the rights of others.

We believe that it is better to grant people their natural right
to use upon themselves any substance they desire while supplying
them with factual information on use and misuse rather than to
attempt in vain  to curb abuse through legislation.

We are not children, nor are we stupid. As adult human beings we
are responsible for ourselves and have the right to make our own
decisions.

Those who use the information in this book for personal
experimentation are offered the following advice:

1)  Begin with doses below those given. If no undesirable
side-effects occur gradual increase of dosage may be tried on
separate occasions until desired effect occurs

2)  Do not combine drugs unless you know what you are doing. See
section titled 'Dangerous Combinations."

3) Allow rest periods of at least one week between experiments.

4)  When experimenting be relaxed, well rested, in good health,
and momentarily relieved of responsibilities.

5)  Do not permit yourself to become dependent upon any of these
substances for relaxation, stimulation, etc. Seek your high in
health, love, and awareness. Learn techniques of yoga, tai chi,
etc., for relaxation. Employ mediation for consciousness
expansion.

Good Luck!


        "Intelligence is the ultimate aphrodisiac." - Tim Leary


