       Document 0475
 DOCN  M9550475
 TI    Risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency
       virus-1 infection.
 DT    9505
 AU    Temmerman M; Nyong'o AO; Bwayo J; Fransen K; Coppens M; Piot P;
       Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
 SO    Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1995 Feb;172(2 Pt 1):700-5. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/95160086
 AB    OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to examine maternal, obstetric, and infant
       characteristics of mother-to-child transmission of human
       immunodeficiency virus-1 in Nairobi, Kenya. STUDY DESIGN: Proviral human
       immunodeficiency virus-1 was detected by polymerase chain reaction in
       peripheral blood samples taken between 6 weeks and 3 months of age from
       107 children born to human immunodeficiency virus-1 seropositive women.
       The association of maternal, infant, and obstetric variables with human
       immunodeficiency virus-1 transmission was examined. RESULTS: The
       mother-to-child transmission rate was 31% (95% confidence interval 21.6
       to 40.2) as defined by the presence of proviral human immunodeficiency
       virus-1 in the infant. Variables associated with transmission in a
       univariate analysis included placental inflammation (7/12 in the
       transmitting group as compared with 2/22 in nontransmitters, p = 0.006),
       low maternal CD4 and high CD8 percentages (21% and 52%, respectively, in
       transmitting mothers and 32% and 40% in nontransmitting mothers; p =
       0.001), and the gender of the neonate (20/29 infected neonates were
       female as compared with 26/65 noninfected children, p = 0.02). Sexually
       transmitted diseases were found more often in transmitting mothers but
       the differences were not significant. Birth weight and gestational age
       were not related to vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency
       virus-1. CONCLUSION: Risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of
       human immunodeficiency virus-1 included chorioamnionitis, an impaired
       maternal immune status, and female gender.
 DE    Adult  Birth Weight  CD4 Lymphocyte Count  *Disease Transmission,
       Vertical  Female  Human  HIV
       Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/*TRANSMISSION/VIROLOGY  HIV-1/*ISOLATION & PURIF
       Infant  Male  Polymerase Chain Reaction  Pregnancy  Prospective Studies
       Risk Factors  Sex Behavior  Sexually Transmitted Diseases  Support,
       Non-U.S. Gov't  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

