Well, the thing is... (And I can provide further extensive documentation for the following): The "United States" is a corporation domiciled in the District of Columbia. The Constitution is also the "Papers of Incorporation" for the United States and the United States Codes are the "bylaws" of said corporation. The (u)nited States of America (to which the 14th Amendment DOES NOT refer), is a separate and distinct entity from the United States. The 14th says: "born or naturalized in the United States" NOT in the (u)nited States of America. [The small (u) indicates that the word "united" is an adjective NOT part of a proper noun like the "United States" which might as well be called "Bob" or "Botswana" which are proper nouns...] The 14th Amendment CREATED a new type of citizenship called a "Citizen of the United States" SEPARATE and DISTINCT from the "Citizen of the (s)everal States" which was by EXTENSION a "Citizen of the United States". State Citizens are NOT wards of Congress as "United States' Citizens" are. "Residence" and "Domicile" are the same word in the vernacular, but not in true definition. Residence is temporary; domicile is not. On the Voter Registration card, one is asked; "1) Are you a Citizen of the United States? "2) Are you a Resident of the State of _________ ?" California Government Code says: "People who are in this state who are not Citizens of this State are: "1) Citizens of Other States; or "2) Aliens[!]" Remember, the word "alien" and "resident" are the same... Consult a law doctionary for the exact definition of the words "resident", "alien", and "domicile". See how nifty a trap this is? If you are a resident of _________ and a Citizen of the United States, then YOUR PRIMARY CITIZENSHIP IS IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND YOU ARE A WARD OF CONGRESS! Get it?! So, the benefit of being a State Citizen is that you are NOT bound by ANY laws of the United States as those are for wards of Congress. At least this starts one down the path toward understanding this complex and convoluted issue. Hope this helps. Regards, -A. J. Teel-, Sui Juris