;Copyright 1984 by ABComputing May 15, 1984 ; ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; � � ; � THIS FILE CONTAINS FIVE ROUTINES: � ; � � ; � KEYS - INDICATES IF A PRESSED KEY GENERATES AN � ; � EXTENDED OR NON-EXTENDED ASCII CODE. � ; � DRIVE - CHANGES DEFAULT DRIVE TO "B: DRIVE. � ; � CURSOR - MOVES CURSOR TO HOME POSITION � ; � REVERSE - MANIPULATES STRING "CBA" INTO "ABC". � ; � RENAM - RENAMES THE FILE "A:TEMP.TXT" TO "A:TRASH.TXT". � ; � � ; � EACH ROUTINE SHOULD ASSEMBLE AND LINK WITHOUT WARNINGS OR � ; � ERRORS. � ; � � ; � DOS CALLS ARE LISTED IN THE APPENDIX OF THE DOS MANUAL. FOR � ; � BIOS CALLS, OBTAIN EITHER THE TECH. REF. MANUAL, OR REVIEW � ; � THE "INTERRUPT PHONEBOOK" IN THE DOS COLUMN OF OUR FIRST � ; � ISSUE. � ; � � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;Copyright 1984 by ABComputing May 15, 1984 ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; � � ; � EACH KEY ON THE KEYBOARD, WHEN PRESSED, GENERATES EITHER AN � ; � ASCII CODE, OR AN EXTENDED-ASCII CODE. (SEE APPENDIX IN THE � ; � BASIC MANUAL FOR DETAILED LISTINGS OF SCAN CODES.) THIS � ; � ROUTINE USES THE BIOS INT 16H TO READ THE KEYBOARD AND RETURN � ; � THESE SCAN CODES. � ; � � ; � AFTER A KEY IS PRESSED, IF AL = 0 THEN AN EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE � ; � KEY WAS PRESSED,AND THE SCAN CODE OF THE KEY IS RETURNED IN � ; � AH. IF AL<> 0, THEN AL CONTAINS THE SCAN CODE FOR THE KEY. � ; � � ; � THIS ROUTINE PRINTS A MESSAGE INDICATING THE TYPE OF SCAN � ; � CODE GENERATED. EITHER: "A NON-EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE KEY WAS � ; � PRESSED" OR "AN EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE KEY WAS PRESSED". � ; � � ; � PRESS F10 TO EXIT THIS ROUTINE. F10 HAS AN EXTENDED-SCAN � ; � CODE OF 68 � ; � � ; � PLACE THIS ROUTINE IN FILE: KEYBOARD.ASM � ; � � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; ; ;--THINK OF "EQU" AS AN "EQUATE" OR EQUAL SIGN. THE ASSEMBLER ; WILL REPLACE EACH OCCURRENCE OF "CR", AND "LF" IN THE SOURCE ; CODE BY 10 AND 13, RESPECTIVELY. ; CR EQU 10 LF EQU 13 F10 EQU 68 ;SCAN CODE FOR F10 IS 68 (SEE BASIC APPENDIX) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA SEGMENT PARA ANY_KEY DB 'PRESS ANY KEY',CR,LF,'$' NORMAL_KEY DB 'A NON-EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE KEY WAS PRESSED' DB CR,LF,CR,LF,'$' EXTENDED_KEY DB 'AN EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE KEY WAS PRESSED' DB CR,LF,CR,LF,'$' DATA ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ STACK SEGMENT PARA STACK 'STACK' DB 40H DUP('STCK') STACK ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ CODE SEGMENT PARA ASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA, SS:STACK ;--STANDARD LINKAGE TO DOS KEYS PROC FAR ;DO PUSH DS ; SUB AX,AX ; PUSH AX ; NOT MOV AX,DATA ; MOV DS,AX ; ALTER! ;--PRINT "PRESS ANY KEY" MESSAGE KEY0: MOV AH,9 ;REQUEST "DISPLAY STRING" SERVICE MOV DX,OFFSET ANY_KEY ;DS:DX -> ANY_KEY INT 21H ;INVOKE "DISPLAY STRING" SERVICE ;--WAIT FOR KEYBOARD INPUT. MOV AH,0 INT 16H ;--AL = 0 MEANS AN EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE KEY. CMP AL,0 ;CoMPare CONTENTS OF AL TO 0 JE KEY1 ;IF AL = 0, THEN JUMP OR BRANCH TO ; THE LABEL KEY1. ;--NORMAL SCAN CODE KEY PRESSED MOV DX,OFFSET NORMAL_KEY ;DS:DX -> NORMAL_KEY JMP KEY2 ;--EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE KEY PRESSED. WAS IT F10 TO EXIT TO DOS? KEY1: CMP AH,F10 ;WAS THE F10 KEY PRESSED? JE KEY3 ;EQUALITY MEANS F10 PRESSED. ; BRANCH TO EXIT (KEY3). ;--PROCESS OTHER EXTENDED-SCAN-CODE KEYS. MOV DX,OFFSET EXTENDED_KEY ;DS:DX -> EXTENDED_KEY ;--PRINT THE STRING POINTED TO BY DS:DX. KEY2: MOV AH,9 ;REQUEST "DISPLAY STRING" SERVICE INT 21H ;INVOKE "DISPLAY STRING" SERVICE JMP KEY0 ;LOOP FOR NEXT KEYIN ;-- RETURN TO DOS KEY3: RET ;RETurn to DOS KEYS ENDP ;END of PROCedure CODE ENDS ;END of CODE Segment ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ END KEYS ;END of routine KEYS ;Copyright 1984 by ABComputing May 15, 1984 ; ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; � � ; � DOS FUNCTION CALL 0EH (14 DECIMAL) IS USED TO: 1) CHANGE THE � ; � DEFAULT DRIVE TO B, AND 2) RETURN THE NUMBER OF DISK DRIVES � ; � (INCLUDING FIXED DISK) ON THE SYSTEM, IN AL. � ; � � ; � PLACE THIS ROUTINE IN FILE: DRIVE.ASM � ; � � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA SEGMENT PARA DATA ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ STACK SEGMENT PARA STACK 'STACK' DB 40H DUP('STCK') STACK ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ CODE SEGMENT PARA ASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA, SS:STACK ;--STANDARD LINKAGE TO DOS DRIVE PROC FAR ;DO PUSH DS ; SUB AX,AX ; PUSH AX ; NOT MOV AX,DATA ; MOV DS,AX ; ALTER! ;--CHANGE CURRENT DRIVE TO B BY PLACING THE VALUE 1 (A = 0, B = 1, ; ETC.) IN DL. THE NUMBER OF DRIVES ON THE SYSTEMS IS RETURNED IN ; AL. MOV DL,1 ;REQUEST B DRIVE MOV AH,0EH ;REQUEST "SELECT DRIVE" SERVICE INT 21H ;INVOKE "SELECT DRIVE" SERVICE ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; MUST USE "0EH" INSTEAD OF "EH" FOR ASSEMBLER MIGHT CONFUSE "EH" ; WITH A LABEL (I.E. A NAME USED TO IDENTIFY A LOCATION IN SOURCE ; CODE. OFTEN USED AS A LOCATION TO BRANCH TO. "KEY0", "KEY1", ; AND "KEY2", IN ROUTINE KEYS.) ; ; A MORE CONFUSING SITUATION IS A MOV STATEMENT SUCH AS: ; ; MOV AH,AH ;MOVE AH CONTENTS INTO AH REGISTER! ; ; ; IF YOU WANT TO MOVE THE VALUE OF 10 INTO THE AH REGISTER, USE: ; ; MOV AH,0AH ;MOVE "0AH" = 10 HEX INTO AH REGISTER. ; ; OR ; ; MOV AH,10 ;10 IS INTERPRETED AS 10 DECIMAL. ; ; ; USE DEBUG TO STUDY THE VALUE IN THE AH REGISTER. ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;-- RETURN TO DOS RET ;RETurn to DOS DRIVE ENDP ;END of PROCedure CODE ENDS ;END of CODE Segment ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ END DRIVE ;END of routine DRIVE ;Copyright 1984 by ABComputing May 15, 1984 ; ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; � � ; � BIOS INTERRUPT 10H IS USED TO PLACE THE CURSOR AT THE UPPER � ; � LEFT HAND CORNER OF THE SCREEN. � ; � � ; � THE SCREEN IS REGARDED AS BEING A GRID OF COORDINATES WITH � ; � (0,0) AS THE UPPER LEFT CORNER, AND (24,79) AS THE LOWER � ; � RIGHT CORNER. (24 = 24 DECIMAL.) � ; � � ; � PLACE THIS ROUTINE IN FILE: HOME.ASM � ; � � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA SEGMENT PARA DATA ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ STACK SEGMENT PARA STACK 'STACK' DB 40H DUP('STCK') STACK ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ CODE SEGMENT PARA ASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DATA, SS:STACK ;--STANDARD LINKAGE TO DOS CURSOR PROC FAR ;DO PUSH DS ; SUB AX,AX ; PUSH AX ; NOT MOV AX,DATA ; MOV DS,AX ; ALTER! ;--INT 10H IS RESPONSIBLE FOR VIDEO/IO. MOV AH,2 ;REQUEST "SET CURSOR" SERVICE MOV DH,0 ;SET CURSOR ROW TO 0 MOV DL,0 ;SET CURSOR COLUMN TO 0 MOV BH,0 ;PAGE NUMBER = 0 INT 10H ;INVOKE "SET CURSOR" SERVICE ;-- RETURN TO DOS RET ;RETurn to DOS CURSOR ENDP ;END of PROCedure CODE ENDS ;END of CODE Segment ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ END CURSOR ;END of routine CURSOR ;Copyright 1984 by ABComputing May 15, 1984 ; ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; � � ; � THIS ROUTINE MANIPULATES THE STRING "ABC" INTO "CBA" AND � ; � DISPLAYS THE LATTER STRING. THIS ROUTINE ILLUSTRATES HOW TO � ; � MANIPULATE A STRING IN MEMORY. � ; � � ; � PLACE THIS ROUTINE IN FILE: REVERSE.ASM � ; � � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA SEGMENT PARA MSG DB 'ABC' BUFFER DB 0,0,0,'$' ;STORAGE FOR "CBA" STRING DATA ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ STACK SEGMENT PARA STACK 'STACK' DB 40H DUP('STCK') STACK ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ CODE SEGMENT PARA 'CODE' ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA,SS:STACK REVERSE PROC FAR ;STANDARD LINKAGE TO DOS PUSH DS ; DO SUB AX,AX ; PUSH AX ; NOT MOV AX,DATA ; MOV DS,AX ; ALTER! ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; "MSG" IS DEFINED IN OUR DATA SEGMENT AS: ; ; ; MSG DB 'ABC' ; ; ; "MSG" IS A LABEL IDENTIFYING A LOCATION IN MEMORY. AS SHOWN BELOW, ; "MSG" IS IDENTIFIED WITH THE CHARACTER "A" - THE FIRST BYTE OF ; "MSG". ; ; "MSG + 1" POINTS TO THE LOCATION ONE BYTE PAST "MSG". THIS ; CONTAINS THE CHARACTER "B". ; ; "MSG + 1" CAN EQUIVALENTLY BE WRITTEN MSG[1]; "MSG + 2" CAN BE ; WRITTEN MSG[2],ETC. THE ASSEMBLER WILL ACCEPT EITHER FORM. ; ; ; ; MSG MSG + 1 MSG + 2 ; � � � ; "MSG" v v v ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 ; � A � B � C � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 ; ; ; OR ; ; ; MSG MSG[1] MSG[2] ; � � � ; v v v ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 ; � A � B � C � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 ; ; ; THIS ROUTINE MOVES THE THREE BYTES: MSG, MSG+1, MSG +2, INTO ; "BUFFER," A THREE BYTE AREA IN OUR DATA SEGMENT. THE CHARACTER "C" ; IS MOVED FIRST, THEN "B", THEN "A". "BUFFER" FINALLY LOOKS LIKE: ; ; ; BUFFER BUFFER + 1 BUFFER + 2 ; � � � ; "BUFFER" v v v ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 ; � C � B � A � $ � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸 ; ; ; AS THE CONTENTS OF BUFFER WILL BE DISPLAYED, BUFFER IS TERMINATED ; BY A DOLLAR SIGN WHICH IS THE TERMINATOR FOR THE DOS PRINT STRING ; SERVICE. ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ MOV AL,MSG+2 ;AL = C MOV BUFFER,AL ;BUFFER ->C MOV AL,MSG+1 ;AL = B MOV BUFFER+1,AL ;BUFFER +1 ->B MOV AL,MSG ;AL = A MOV BUFFER+2,AL ;BUFFER +2 ->A ;-- DISPLAY THE CONTENTS OF "BUFFER." MOV DX,OFFSET BUFFER ;PUT THE ADDRESS OF BUFFER IN THE DX REGISTER MOV AH,9 ;REQUEST "PRINT STRING" SERVICE INT 21H ;INVOKE "PRINT STRING" SERVICE ;-- RETURN TO DOS RET ;RETURN TO DOS REVERSE ENDP ;END of PROCedure CODE ENDS ;END of CODE Segment ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ END REVERSE ;END of routine REVERSE. ;Copyright 1984 by ABComputing May 15, 1984 ; ; 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; � � ; � THIS ROUTINE USES DOS CALL 17H TO RENAME THE FILE � ; � "A:TEMP.TXT" TO "A:TRASH.TXT". � ; � � ; � AS THE RENAMED FILE IS ON SAME DRIVE AS THE ORIGINAL FILE, � ; � THE FCB SPECIFIES THE NEW FILESPEC ONLY, NOT THE DRIVE OF THE � ; � NEW FILE. (SEE THE ARTICLE "DOS 1.1, 2.0 SEQUENTIAL � ; � FILE-READING" IN THIS MONTH'S ASSEMBLY COLUMN FOR AN � ; � EXPLANATION OF WHAT AN FCB IS.) � ; � � ; � THIS ROUTINE SHOULD NOT BE NAMED "RENAME.ASM". FOR THE DOS � ; � SYSTEM COMMAND "RENAME," WILL BE INVOKED WHEN WE TYPE RENAME � ; � ON THE COMMAND LINE! (AND YOU THOUGHT THAT YOUR RENAME.EXE � ; � MODULE WAS BEING EXECUTED!) � ; � � ; � PLACE THIS ROUTINE IN FILE: RENAM.ASM � ; � � ; 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA SEGMENT PARA FCB_ADD DB 1,'TEMP ','TXT' ;CREATE ODD-BALL FCB WANTED DB 5 DUP(' ') ; BY FUNCTION CALL 17H. DB 'TRASH ','TXT' ;NEW NAME FOR FILE DB 10 DUP('0') DATA ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ STACK SEGMENT PARA STACK 'STACK' DB 40H DUP('STCK') STACK ENDS ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ CODE SEGMENT PARA 'CODE' ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA,SS:STACK RENAM PROC FAR ;STANDARD LINKAGE TO DOS PUSH DS ; DO SUB AX,AX ; PUSH AX ; NOT MOV AX,DATA ; MOV DS,AX ; ALTER! ;--RENAME FILE "A;TEMP.TXT" MOV DX, OFFSET FCB_ADD ;DS:DX POINTS TO UNOPENED FCB MOV AH,17H ;REQUEST "RENAME FILE" SERVICE INT 21H ;INVOKE "RENAME FILE" SERVICE ;-- RETURN TO DOS RET ;RETurn to DOS RENAM ENDP ;END of PROCedure CODE ENDS ;END of CODE Segment ;------------------------------------------------------------------------ END RENAM ;END of routine RENAM 旼컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴커 � File Name: 栢 list1.asm 栢 � 읕컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴켸