INTERNAL DOS COMMANDS BREAK [ON | OFF] Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking. Type BREAK without a parameter to display the current BREAK setting. CALL [drive:][path]filename [batch-parameters] Calls one batch program from another. batch-parameters Specifies any command-line information required by the batch program. CHDIR [drive:][path] CHDIR [..] CD [drive:][path] CD [..] Displays the name of or changes the current directory. .. Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory. Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the specified drive. Type CD without parameters to display the current drive and directory. CHCP [nnn] Displays or sets the active code page number. nnn Specifies a code page number. Type CHCP without a parameter to display the active code page number. CLS Clears the screen. COMMAND [[drive:]path] [device] [/E:nnnnn] [/P] [/C string] [/MSG] Starts a new instance of the MS-DOS command interpreter. [drive:]path Specifies the directory containing COMMAND.COM file. device Specifies the device to use for command input and output. /E:nnnnn Sets the initial environment size to nnnnn bytes. /P Makes the new command interpreter permanent (can't exit). /C string Carries out the command specified by string, and then stops. /MSG Specifies that all error messages be stored in memory. You need to specify /P with this switch. COPY [/A | /B] source [/A | /B] [+ source [/A | /B] [+ ...]] [destination [/A | /B]] [/V] Copies one or more files to another location. source Specifies the file or files to be copied. /A Indicates an ASCII text file. /B Indicates a binary file. destination Specifies the directory and/or filename for the new file(s). /V Verifies that new files are written correctly. To append files, specify a single file for destination, but multiple files for source (using wildcards or file1+file2+file3 format). CTTY device Changes the terminal device used to control your system. The terminal device you want to use, such as COM1. DATE [date] Displays or sets the date. Type DATE without parameters to display the current date setting and a prompt for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same date. DEL [drive:][path]filename [/P] ERASE [drive:][path]filename [/P] Deletes one or more files. [drive:][path]filename Specifies the file(s) to delete. Specify multiple files by using wildcards. /P Prompts for confirmation before deleting each file. DIR [drive:][path][filename] [/P] [/W] [/A[[:]attributes]] [/O[[:]sortorder]] [/S] [/B] [/L] Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. [drive:][path][filename] Specifies drive, directory, and/or files to list. /P Pauses after each screenful of information. /W Uses wide list format. /A Displays files with specified attributes. attributes D Directories R Read-only files H Hidden files A Files ready for archiving S System files - Prefix meaning "not" /O List by files in sorted order. sortorder N By name (alphabetic) E By extension (alphabetic) S By size (smallest first) D By date & time (earliest first) G Group directories first - Prefix to reverse order /S Displays files in specified directory and all subdirectories. /B Uses bare format (no heading information or summary). /L Uses lowercase. ECHO [ON | OFF] ECHO [message] Displays messages, or turns command-echoing on or off. Type ECHO without parameters to display the current echo setting. EXIT Quits the COMMAND.COM program (command interpreter). FOR variable IN (set) DO command [command-parameters] Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files. variable Specifies a replaceable parameter. set Specifies a set of one or more files. Wildcards may be used. command Specifies the command to carry out for each file. command-parameters Specifies parameters or switches for the specified command. To use the FOR command in a batch program, specify %%variable instead of %variable. GOTO label Directs MS-DOS to a labelled line in a batch program. label Specifies a text string used in the batch program as a label. You type a label on a line by itself, beginning with a colon. IF [NOT] ERRORLEVEL number command IF [NOT] string1==string2 command IF [NOT] EXIST filename command Performs conditional processing in batch programs. NOT Specifies that MS-DOS should carry out the command only if the condition is false. ERRORLEVEL number Specifies a true condition if the last program run returned an exit code equal to or greater than the number specified. command Specifies the command to carry out if the condition is met. string1==string2 Specifies a true condition if the specified text strings match. EXIST filename Specifies a true condition if the specified filename exists. LH [drive:][path]filename [parameters] LOADHIGH [drive:][path]filename [parameters] Loads a program into the upper memory area. parameters Specifies any command-line information required by the program you want to load. MKDIR [drive:]path MD [drive:]path Creates a directory. PATH [[drive:]path[;...]] PATH ; Displays or sets a search path for executable files. Type PATH ; to clear all search-path settings and direct MS-DOS to search only in the current directory. Type PATH without parameters to display the current path. PAUSE Suspends processing of a batch program and displays the message "Press any key to continue...." PROMPT [text] Changes the MS-DOS command prompt. text Specifies a new command prompt. Prompt can be made up of normal characters and the following special codes: $Q = (equal sign) $$ $ (dollar sign) $T Current time $D Current date $P Current drive and path $V MS-DOS version number $N Current drive $G > (greater-than sign) $L < (less-than sign) $B | (pipe) $H Backspace (erases previous character) $E Escape code (ASCII code 27) $_ Carriage return and linefeed Type PROMPT without parameters to reset the prompt to the default setting. RMDIR [drive:]path RD [drive:]path Removes (deletes) a directory. REM [comment] Records comments (remarks) in a batch file or CONFIG.SYS. REN [drive:][path]filename1 filename2 RENAME [drive:][path]filename1 filename2 Renames a file or files. Note that you cannot specify a new drive or path for your destination file. SET [variable=[string]] Displays, sets, or removes MS-DOS environment variables. variable Specifies the environment-variable name. string Specifies a series of characters to assign to the variable. Type SET without parameters to display the current environment variables. SHIFT Changes the position of replaceable parameters in a batch file. TIME [time] Displays or sets the system time. Type TIME with no parameters to display the current time setting and a prompt for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same time. TYPE [drive:][path]filename Displays the contents of a text file. [drive:][path]filename Specifies the file to display. VER Displays the DOS version. VERIFY [ON | OFF] Tells MS-DOS whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk. Type VERIFY without a parameter to display the current VERIFY setting. VOL [drive:] Displays the disk volume label and serial number, if they exist. BRIEF LISTING ************************************** BREAK CALL CD CHCP CHDIR CLS COPY CTTY DATE DEL DIR ECHO ERASE ERRORLEVEL EXIST EXIT FOR GOTO IF LH LOADHIGH MD MKDIR NOT PATH PAUSE PROMPT RD REM REN RENAME RMDIR SET SHIFT TIME TRUENAME TYPE VER VERIFY VOL