       Document 0479
 DOCN  M9460479
 TI    Cognitive disorders in children.
 DT    9404
 AU    Dooling EC; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital,
       Boston; 02114.
 SO    Curr Opin Pediatr. 1993 Dec;5(6):675-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94170045
 AB    Cognitive disorders affect thinking and perceptual processes and the
       acquisition of knowledge and new information. They have an enormous
       societal impact because special educational resources are required, and
       independent living often cannot be achieved. Learning problems may lead
       to behavioral disorders in the home and community. The pathogenesis of
       most mild and moderate cognitive disorders is poorly understood. Severe
       cognitive impairment is usually accompanied by somatic abnormalities,
       and an etiology can be identified in many cases. Specific treatments are
       available for disorders such as cogenital hypothyroidism, some metabolic
       acidurias, and congenital toxoplasmosis. Other disorders affecting
       cognition such as fetal alcohol syndrome, maternal cocaine and heroin
       exposure, HIV encephalopathy, and prematurity require aggressive
       prevention and education to reduce their occurrence. The recent advances
       in molecular genetics offer a faster and better method of diagnosing
       fragile X syndrome, now recognized as the most common inheritable cause
       of mental retardation. In the future, DNA analysis may elucidate the
       basis of many other cognitive disorders.
 DE    Asthma/COMPLICATIONS  Child  Cognition Disorders/*ETIOLOGY
       Dyslexia/ETIOLOGY  Female  Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS  Head
       Injuries/COMPLICATIONS  Human  Hypothyroidism/CONGENITAL/COMPLICATIONS
       Infant, Low Birth Weight  Infant, Newborn  Male  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW
       REVIEW, TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

