       Document 0117
 DOCN  M9460117
 TI    Genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and
       HIV-2) mixed infections in India reveals a recent spread of HIV-1 and
       HIV-2 from a single ancestor for each of these viruses.
 DT    9404
 AU    Grez M; Dietrich U; Balfe P; von Briesen H; Maniar JK; Mahambre G;
       Delwart EL; Mullins JI; Rubsamen-Waigmann H; Georg-Speyer-Haus,
       Chemotherapeutisches Forschungsinstitut,; Frankfurt, Germany.
 SO    J Virol. 1994 Apr;68(4):2161-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94187055
 AB    DNA sequences encoding the surface envelope glycoproteins of human
       immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) were amplified
       by PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from
       patients with serologically defined HIV-1/HIV-2 mixed infections from
       Bombay, India. HIV-1-specific PCR products were obtained in seven of
       seven randomly chosen doubly reactive cases, while HIV-2-specific
       sequences were detected in five of seven cases (71%). DNA sequence
       analysis showed that the HIV-1 gp120 coding sequences were closely
       related to each other (nucleotide sequence divergence of between 3.1 and
       6.8%). Phylogenetic tree analysis placed the Indian strains within the C
       subtype of HIV-1, being most similar to sequences previously found in
       East and South Africa. The HIV-2 sequences were also closely related to
       each other, with an overall sequence divergence of between 5.6 and
       10.5%. The low level of nucleotide divergence among Indian HIV-1 and
       HIV-2 sequences suggests a fairly recent introduction of each virus into
       this population from a single point of entry in each case. The HIV-2
       sequences reported here represent the first analysis of Asian HIV-2
       strains and confirm the serological pattern previously detected in
       India. These data show that a substantial spread of HIV-2, together with
       HIV-1, has appeared outside Africa in a population hitherto unexposed to
       HIV. These findings imply that further spread of HIV-2 worldwide is to
       be expected and have important implications for future vaccine and
       therapy development.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/MICROBIOLOGY  Amino Acid Sequence
       Base Sequence  Comparative Study  Consensus Sequence  Human  HIV
       Envelope Protein gp120/CLASSIFICATION/*GENETICS  HIV
       Seropositivity/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY
       HIV-1/CLASSIFICATION/*GENETICS  HIV-2/CLASSIFICATION/*GENETICS
       India/EPIDEMIOLOGY  Leukocytes, Mononuclear/MICROBIOLOGY  Molecular
       Sequence Data  Phylogeny  Polymerase Chain Reaction  Sequence Analysis,
       DNA  Sequence Homology, Amino Acid  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  JOURNAL
       ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

