C
Configuring Location Manager

The most difficult part of using the Internet is configuring software to work with your Internet account. If you establish a new account using Quarterdeck's Connect and Play feature, you can avoid the hassle of entering IP addresses, DNS servers, passwords, and the like. Similarly, if you have an account with a Provider who is included in Quarterdeck's Internet Service Provider database, much of the work will be done for you. 
If you do not fall into one of these groups, you'll need to provide Location Manager with a fair amount of information. The exact amount varies from user to user and depends upon the type of Internet access you have. 
Location Manager organizes information into two main categories:
t	Location settings are specific to the place from which you (and your computer) access the Internet. Typical locations are your home or workplace. You are not limited to these two locations, of course. You can configure Location Manager for as many locations (and as many Internet Service Providers, referred to as Connections) as you like.
t	Connection settings are specific to your Internet Service Provider. A Provider can be an employer, a government agency, a university, or a commercial enterprise that sells Internet access. 
You can run Location Manager by double-clicking the Location Manager icon in your Quarterdeck program group, by selecting Location Manager from QWinsock's control menu, or by clicking the Location Manager button on QWinsock's toolbar. (The Location Manager button is the one with the picture of the Earth.)
If you have not already configured the software for use with an Internet account, you can use the Connection Helper feature to do so:
1	Click on the Connection Helper button on Location Manager's main screen. In a few seconds Connection Helper's Welcome screen appears.
2	Click on Next to proceed to the screen entitled Account Type.
3	Select the type of account or connection that matches your situation, then click Next to continue.
Connection Helper will now take you through a number of screens, asking you for the pieces of information needed to run Winsock applications with your type of account. Online help is available at any time by clicking the Help button.
Configuring an Existing Dial-Up Account
Quarterdeck's Connect and Play feature and Internet Service Provider database enable you to quickly establish a new account or configure the software for an existing account with a known Provider. But your Provider may not be known to the software. What then?
If your Service Provider is not included in the latest version of Quarterdeck's Provider database, you have a bit more work to do. You will need to provide additional information about your Provider, including the addresses or names of various servers used by the Provider to handle e-mail and newsgroups.

Quarterdeck continually updates the Internet Service Provider database. You can obtain the most current version from Quarterdeck's Web site (http://www.quarterdeck.com) or our BBS at (310) 309-3227.
There are two ways to configure the software to work with such an existing account:
 u 	Use Connection Helper and choose I would like to use an EXISTING Dial-Up account. After entering the necessary Location information, select My Service Provider is NOT in the above list from the Provider Information screen. You will be shown several screens relating to your Provider and asked to enter various pieces of information.
Or
 u 	Enter the information directly into Location Manager. 
Whether you use Connection Helper or Location Manager, you are asked to provide the same information.
To add or change a Location or Connection profile:
 u 	Select Edit Locations & Connections from Location Manager's main screen. 
A tabbed dialog box is displayed. 
Before you can add a Connection (Provider) to the notebook, you must have at least one Location defined. 
To define a Location:
1	Click the Locations tab of the notebook, then select Add New. Another tabbed dialog, Add New Location, appears.
2	Enter a name for this Location. The name can be anything you like, since it is for your use only.
3	Click each of the three tabs and fill in the requested information.
Most of the fields are self-explanatory. If you are not sure whether you have call waiting service on your phone line or how to disable this feature, check with your phone company. For information about your modem and comm port, refer to your hardware documentation. 
4	When you are done, click OK to save the Location profile.
To add a new Connection profile for use with your existing account:
1	Click the Connections tab of the Edit Locations & Connections dialog, then select Add New.
2	Select Existing Account with a Provider not in the above list from the five options presented, then click OK.
The Add New Connection dialog appears. Connection settings are organized into five groups: General, Mail/News, Proxy, Advanced, and Connection. Each group can be displayed by clicking on its corresponding tab. The Proxy settings are only required for direct connections via a LAN, so you can ignore that page completely. In the next section we'll look at the other four groups of settings.
Editing a Connection (Provider) Profile
It is not difficult to configure Location Manager for use with an Internet Provider, even if you are not familiar with the UNIX operating system (which is run on most Internet servers). In this section, we will explain the various Connection settings and tell you where to find the information you need to configure QWinsock and Location Manager to work with any Provider.
Connection Settings
The easiest group of settings is the Connection page, which deals with your phone and modem connection. There are only a few things on this page that you might find confusing. 
Phone Settings
The fields on the left side of the Connection page tell QWinsock how to dial your Provider. The information you enter is used, along with settings in the Location profile named in the "When calling from... use these Connection settings" field, to create a dialing sequence that allows you to connect with your Provider. 
To create the proper sequence:
1	If Location Manager is configured for multiple Locations, select the Location you want to use with this Provider.
2	Select the your Internet Service Provider's country from the drop-down list. 
3	Type in your Provider's area code.
4	Enter the phone number you use to contact your Provider. If the Provider is included in the Internet Service Provider database, you can select a phone number from the list of access numbers that appear in the drop-down list. If your Provider is not in the database, you must enter the number manually. 

Some Providers offer different telephone numbers for users calling in at different modem speeds. If this is true of your Provider, be sure to enter the phone number which matches your modem's maximum speed. If you use the wrong number, you may connect at a lower speed than your modem can support or you may be unable to connect at all.
As you fill in the fields on the page, note that Dial This Number is filled in automatically, based upon the Phone Number you enter on this page and the current Location profile. 
The Override button can be used to temporarily dial a number other than the one listed in the Dial This Number field. You might want to use this feature if the number you normally dial is temporarily out of service.
Modem Settings
The Baud Rate you choose depends on your modem. Most newer modems can negotiate with other modems to determine the fastest speed at which they can connect, so it is common to set the baud rate for a higher rate than your modem can connect and let the two modems involved decide on a connect speed. When using a 14.4 modem, 38400 is often used and for 28.8 modems, 57600 is common. If you experience connect problems at these speeds, try lowering the baud rate.
The other three settings, Data Bits, Parity, and Stop Bits, are generally set to either 8, No, and 1 or 7, Even, 1, respectively. Your settings must match those used by the Provider. If your display is not readable when you use one group of settings, try the other or check with your Provider.
General Settings
The information on the General page allows you to make your initial connection to your Provider's server and to then connect to other machines. This page may look intimidating at first, but it is really fairly simple.
IP Address
An IP Address is simply a number by which your machine is known on the Internet, much the same way your house is known to the city (and the mailman) by its street address. Each machine that connects to the Internet is identified by a unique number consisting of four groups of digits, separated by periods, such as: 123.456.789.123. 
IP addresses can be either static or dynamic. A static IP address is a number assigned by your Provider that is uniquely yours and which you use each time you connect to your account. A dynamic IP address, on the other hand, is assigned to you by the Provider during the login process and is different each time you connect. The type of IP addressing you use is determined by your Provider, and more and more Providers are using dynamic IP addresses these days. If you are assigned a static IP address, enter it here. If your Provider uses dynamic addressing, leave this field blank.
Hostname
Hostname is the name (rather than the address) by which your machine is known to your Service Provider. In most cases, this field can be left blank. Your Provider can tell you if an entry is required.
Username
Your Username (or Login Name) is the name you enter during the login process. Many Providers allow you to choose a Username, while others assign one to you. Personal e-mail addresses often consist of your username followed by the Provider's name, such as:
	janedoe@provider.com
If you have your heart set on being known by a particular username, make sure you can pick your own username before signing up with a Provider.
Password
In the Password field you will enter the alphanumeric sequence (a bunch of letters and numbers, perhaps with some punctuation thrown in) that is intended to keep unauthorized individuals from using your account. Keep in mind that the degree of security provided by your password directly relates to the care with which it is chosen and the effort you put into protecting it.
Your initial password may be assigned by your Provider or chosen by you. In either case, it should be changed regularly and should be made up of a combination of letters and numbers that others will not be able to guess. Your birthdate, social security number, and the names of your children and pets are NOT secure passwords. 
Passwords are saved in Location Manager configuration files in encrypted form. Once a password is entered, it is displayed on the screen as a series of asterisks and in your configuration file as a line of gibberish. If you should lose the files on your hard drive (it happens sometimes!) and can't remember your password, you will have to contact your Provider in order to access your account. 
If you prefer to enter your password manually each time you log in to your Internet account, perhaps for security reasons, see the section below on Manual Login. 
DNS Server
DNS Servers (Domain Name Servers) are computers that store IP addresses and their corresponding machine names. When you tell one of your Winsock applications to connect to a machine by name, the program asks your Winsock driver for the IP address of that machine. Your Winsock driver, in turn, sends a request to your Provider's DNS server, asking for the IP address. The DNS server looks up the machine name and then tells Winsock the correct IP address. 
Why do we need DNS servers? We don't, strictly speaking, but without them we would have to use IP addresses all the time instead of names. For most of us, it's a lot easier to remember www.qdeck.com than the IP address 149.17.36.24. If your Provider uses more than one server for DNS lookups, enter the IP addresses of up to four DNS servers, separated by commas.
Connection Type
The last field on the page is Connection Type. There are five possible choices: SLIP, SLIP with VJ Compression, PPP, PPP with VJ Compression, and LAN-based network or other Winsock. With a dial-up account, you could be using any of the choices except the last. If you are not sure what type of account you have, check with your Provider.

Some Providers offer only one type of account; others offer both SLIP and PPP, with or without VJ Compression. If you have a choice, we recommend PPP  a newer, more robust technology  with VJ Compression. (When compression is used, the header information included with each packet of data that is transmitted is smaller; fewer bytes transmitted means faster downloads.)
Mail/News Settings
The settings on the Mail/News page allow you to send and receive e-mail as well as read and post messages to newsgroupspublic bulletin boards on a wide variety of subjects. The information on this page should be given to you when you establish a new account with a Service Provider. 
E-mail Account
On many systems, your e-mail Account is the same as your Username. If you were given two different account namesone to log into your dial-up account and one to log into your e-mail accountenter the e-mail name here. Normally, you should enter only the first portion of your e-mail name that comes before the @sign (f(e.g., if your e-mail name were patsimon@qdeck.com, you would enter patsimon). If you only have a login Username, enter that instead.
E-mail Password
Again, you may have been given (or told to choose) a separate password for your e-mail account. Enter your e-mail Password, if you have one. You should leave this field blank unless your Provider says you need a separate e-mail password. All of the warnings about password security mentioned in the previous section apply to e-mail passwords, as well. 
E-mail Address
Your e-mail Address is often your Username followed by the symbol @ and the name of your Provider, but this is not always the case. For instance, if your Username is codyc and your Provider is monkeys.com, your e-mail address might be codyc@monkeys.com. Then again, it could be codyc@mail.monkeys.com. If you have any questions about what to enter in this field, check with your Provider.
SMTP, POP3, and NNTP Server
SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, and that is what an SMTP server does. It simply sends e-mail messages from one machine to another. What happens to all those e-mail messages once they get to your Provider? Normally, they're stored on a POP3 server until you log in and download them.
A Provider might use the same machine as an SMTP server and a POP3 server or set up a different machine for each task. From a user standpoint, it doesn't matter. As long as you enter the server names or IP addresses given to you by your Provider, you'll get your e-mail.
And, finally, the NNTP server is the machine that stores the newsgroup messages that your Provider makes available to you. This server also handles the posting of any messages that you write to the group. 
Most Providers allow you to access your e-mail account while you are logged into another Provider's server. If you have Internet access through your employer, you can probably log into your account on the company's server and download e-mail messages from your personal dial-up account. This is generally not true for news servers. In order to log into your personal dial-up Provider's NNTP server, you will most likely have to be logged into that Provider's server.

If you are not interested in sending and receiving e-mail or reading newsgroups  or your Provider does not offer one of these services  you can leave the corresponding fields blank.
Advanced Settings
The final group of settings you need to understand are the Advanced settings.
Dynamic IP Resolution
Dynamic IP addresses are assigned at the time of login. When a dynamic IP addressing system is used, you will have a different IP address each time you connect to your Provider. This type of addressing is frequently used with PPP accounts. If you use PPP (or PPP with VJ Compression) to connect to your account and your Provider assigns a different IP address to your machine each time you log on, set Dynamic IP Resolution to PPP. (This option is only available if Connection Type is set to PPP or PPP with VJ Compression on the General settings page.)
If you have a static IP address (i.e., your machine is always known by the same IP address), select None. 
Select the Script or Manual Login option if you log into your Provider using a login script that saves the IP address as it is assigned to your machine or if you are logging into your account manually. (In fact, this option is selectable only if a script file is listed in the Login Script File field or if the Manual Login box is checked.) Login scripts are discussed in the next section.
Gateway
Gateway refers to the computer on your Provider's network that links you to the Internet. In most cases, you can leave the Gateway field blank. If your Provider requires this information, you will be told the name of the Gateway when you establish your account.
Domain
Domain refers to the name by which your Provider is known on the Internet. You can tell what type of organization a domain name belongs to by looking at the suffix  the final portion of the name following a period. Domain names ending in .com indicate commercial organizations. (Quarterdeck's domain name, for instance, is qdeck.com.) 
Domain is another field that can usually be left blank. If you need to list your Provider's domain name, you will be given this information when you establish your account.
Netmask
A netmask (sometimes referred to as a subnet mask or address mask) is a number that tells your Winsock driver whether your computer can communicate with another computer without going through a routing computer. If the netmask indicates that your computer cannot talk directly with the other machine, packets of information will be sent to the routing computer before being passed on to the other computer. 
If you need to enter a number in this field (which most users don't), the number will probably be 255.255.255.0 or 255.255.0.0. As always, your Provider can tell you what number, if any, to enter.
Login Script File
A login script is a text file that automates the login process. If you need to use a login script when logging into your Internet account, the filename should be entered here. (In the next section, we will talk about login scripts and how to determine if you need one.)
Manual Login
The final setting on the Advanced page is Manual Login. When this box is checked, you type in your username and password each time you log into your Provider. You might want to login manually if you are troubleshooting a connection problem or if you need a login script for your account and haven't yet created one. You might also want to use manual login for security reasons. For example, if co-workers (or your children!) have access to your PC, manual login will prevent them from using your Internet account.
Login Scripts
A login script is a text file that automates the process of logging into your Internet account. A script sends a series of commands to the dialing component of your Winsock driver in order to log you into your account without requiring you to type in your username and password. You may not need a login script. (Many users don't.) Even if you do need a login script, QWinsock can create one for you automatically with the click of a button. (See "Determining if You Need a Login Script" on page 279.)
Here are some general guidelines about login scripts:
t	If you sign up with a Connect and Play Partner or configure Location Manager to work with a Provider who is in the Internet Service Provider database included with the software, you will not have to write a script. 
t	If you prefer to always log into your account manually, you will not need one. 
t	If you configure the software for use with a Provider who is not in the database, you might need one. (You are more likely to need a script if your account uses SLIP rather than PPP.) 
How a Login Script Works
If you call your Service Provider using a standard communications program, you are presented with a series of prompts. At each prompt, you are expected to type a response, then press Enter to send the information you typed to the Provider. If the server likes your responses, you are logged in. 
A script does the same thing, but without any work on your part. As an example, let's suppose that you see the prompt:
	Login:
when you dial your Provider. The server is asking you for your username. You would type in your login name, then hit Enter. The next prompt you see might be:
	Password:
Now the server wants your password, so you would type your password and hit Enter. If the server finds the username and password you typed in its database, you are allowed access to your account.
To accomplish this same sequence, a login script would tell Winsock to look for the prompt "Login:" and to send your username followed by a carriage return (Enter) when that prompt is displayed. In the next sequence of commands, the script would tell Winsock to watch for the prompt "Password:" and to send your password and a carriage return (Enter) when prompted.
QWinsock includes a file (in Windows Write format) called SCRIPTS.WRI that documents the scripting language used in QWinsock login scripts. Scripts can be much more complex than our example above, but essentially what they do is say to Winsock, "When you see such and such text on the screen, send such and such text to my Provider." 
Determining if You Need a Login Script
To determine if you need a login script:
1	Configure Location Manager for use with your Provider.
2	Try to log into your account.
If your login is successful, forget about scripts; just go ahead and use Quarterdeck InternetSuite.
If you can't log into your account:
1	Configure QWinsock for Manual Login as follows:
t	Select Edit Locations & Connections from Location Manager's main screen.
t	Click the Connections tab, highlight the name of the Provider, and click Settings.
t	From the tabbed Connection Settings dialog that appears, click the Advanced tab.
t	Click in the Manual Login checkbox to enable this feature.
t	Click OK, then Done, to save your changes.
2	Try to log into your account manually. What you do next depends on what happens when you attempt to login.
If this login attempt is successful:
You need a script to log in automatically. All you have to do to create a script is click the Save Script button on the Manual Login screen. A Save As dialog box appears. Enter a name for your script and click OK. The script is now saved to disk, the script name is automatically entered in the Login Script File field on the Advanced Connection Settings page, and the check is removed from the Manual Login checkbox.
If you are an advanced user and you want to fine-tune your script, refer to SCRIPTS.WRI (a Windows Write file located in your QWinsock directory) or see the topic "Writing a Script for an Existing Account" in the Location Manager online help file.

By default, scripts end in the extension .MPS and are stored in a subdirectory called PROVIDER, one level below your QWinsock directory. You can change the defaults when you name your script.
If you can connect to your Provider and see a login prompt but cannot successfully log in:
You are not providing the information that the host machine is expecting. Check the following:
t	Verify your username and password and make sure you are using upper and lower-case letters as necessary. (UNIX is case-sensitive. TomSmith and tomsmith are not the same to a UNIX machine.)
t	Your Provider may require that you add a suffix or prefix to your username to indicate whether you are initiating a SLIP or PPP connection. For instance, if your username is tomsmith and you have a PPP account, you may need to enter Ptomsmith or tomsmith.ppp.
t	If you are sure you are entering your user information as instructed by your Provider and you still cannot log into your account, contact your Provider for assistance.
If you cannot connect to your Provider at all:
t	Verify that your modem works with other communications software.
t	Make sure that Location Manager is configured for the correct COMM port and modem type. (Check the Modem page of Location Settings.)
t	Check the phone number you are dialing.
t	See the Troubleshooting online help file. To display the file, double-click the Troubleshooting Tips icon included in your InternetSuite program group
Configuring a Direct Connection via a LAN
If your Internet access is provided by means of a direct connection, configuring QWinsock is a snap. Assuming your networking software is properly installed and configured to work with your network card, you only need to enter a few bits of information into Connection Helper. (You can also create a Connection profile using Location Manager, but it's easier with Connection Helper.) 
To configure QWinsock for your direct connection:
1	Run Location Manager and click the Connection Helper button. Connection Helper's Welcome screen appears.
2	Click Next to move to the Account Type screen and select I'm CONNECTED DIRECTLY via a network.
3	You will be asked to fill in a few details about your Location, including the name you want to give the Location profile, your time zone, and whether your city uses Daylight Savings Time. Click Next when you are done.
4	On the Provider Information page, fill in the name of your 
e-mail Account, your e-mail Password, and e-mail Address, then click Next. (This is the same information described earlier in the section Main/News Settings.)
5	The final step is to tell QWinsock about your Proxy server if you are behind a firewall. (Don't get nervous! We'll explain this in a minute.) You will probably need to ask your System Administrator what to enter in the Proxy fields. When you complete this page, you're done!
If your network uses a firewall to prevent unauthorized access, you must enter the correct information on the Proxy page or you will not be able to use your Winsock applications to communicate with other machines on the Internet. The average user will not know what to enter (or even whether this information is required). This is where your friendly System Administrator comes in. If you are not network-literate, ask your System Administrator to help you configure the following settings:
Proxy Settings
A firewall is a hardware or software setup that protects a network from attack by outside users. Because of this barrier, users on the network must go through a Proxysoftware that handles network requests between network users and the outside world  to connect to the Internet. Your Winsock driver must know how to talk to the Proxy.
In the HTTP Proxy Server field, you must enter the name of the machine on which the proxy software is running. If the software is using a non-standard port number to listen for requests, add a colon followed by the port number.
The Don't Proxy Domains field is used to list domains that are inside your network and with which you can communicate without going through the Proxy server. For example, if your company is known on the Internet by the domain name vacations.com, you would enter this name in the Don't Proxy Domains field. You could then communicate with locally-networked machines without wasting the time of the Proxy server.
There may be exceptions to a Don't Proxy Domains entry, though. For instance, suppose vacations.com maintains a Web site that is accessible to the public. The machine running the Web server software, which we'll call www.vacations.com, would have to be outside the firewall, making it inaccessible to machines inside the firewall unless the Web server was listed in the Always Proxy Domains field. By adding www.vacations.com to Always Proxy Domains, you can access this server from inside the company.
If necessary, you can enter multiple names in either the Don't Proxy Domains or the Always Proxy Domains field by separating domain names with commas. 
Some networks use a Security Proxy Server instead of or in addition to an HTTP Proxy Server. If your System Administrator tells you that your network uses a Security Proxy, he or she should also be able to provide the information you need to configure Location Manager to work with the Security Proxy Server.
To configure Location Manager for use with a Security Proxy Server:
1	Click the Security button to display the Security Access dialog.
2	Select one of the following access methods: Direct Connection, SOCKS Serve, HTTP Connect Server.
3	Enter the appropriate Host Name, Port #, and ID.
4	Click OK to save the information.
