From: Digestifier To: Linux-Development@senator-bedfellow.mit.edu Reply-To: Linux-Development@senator-bedfellow.mit.edu Date: Sun, 21 Nov 93 13:13:10 EST Subject: Linux-Development Digest #245 Linux-Development Digest #245, Volume #1 Sun, 21 Nov 93 13:13:10 EST Contents: Re: Kernel output to /dev/tty0 (Matthias Urlichs) Re: Berkeley Fast Filesystem (Matthias Urlichs) Re: Don't use Motif for free sw: it now requires runtime royalties! (Jonathan Badger) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- From: urlichs@smurf.sub.org (Matthias Urlichs) Subject: Re: Kernel output to /dev/tty0 Date: 19 Nov 1993 15:14:05 +0100 In comp.os.linux.development, article <2bo6k5$ose@rhino.cis.vutbr.cz>, kas@varda.ics.muni.cs (Jan Kasprzak) writes: > > My linux kernel DIDN'T CRASH for 6hours (!). (Then I've kill all > "crashme"s running on my system). But there was one very unpleasant thing: > All messages about illegal FPE instructions, etc. from kernel was written > to active virtual console :-((((. On some systems (AT&T SVR4, NetBSD with > syscons console driver, ...) kernel output goes to one VT (ususally > /dev/console or /dev/vt0 or something that). > > And therefore I decided to make some patch to kernel to > enable kernel output to /dev/tty0. In console.c I changed only Uhh... don't. If the output is crucial, it should go to the active VT because you might not be able to switch consoles afterwards and because it might be so important that seeing it two hours later when you happen to look at the console output again is insufficient. And if it's unimportant, there's a very good method to deal with the stuff -- syslog. The kernel now has a way to mark the priority of these messages and you can control what's printed to the console with sys_syslog(8,NULL,prio) (0 <= prio <= 8). The priority of these messages (the default is KERN_INFO) is OK, all you have to do is to make sure they are only sent to the kernel syslog, not to the console. Here's a new-and-improved version of BSD syslogd.c which, incidentally, fixes some major bugs with the old Linux code; it's short enough that I'm including it below. Bugs fixed: Anybody who just opens /dev/log without sending anything to that port would hang syslogd. There were only 32 possible file descriptors. (I don't remember when I last run a production system with less than 30 active possibly-syslog-using processes... ;-) Linux didn't have Unix-domain datagram sockets last time I looked, so a stream socket had to be added. The old syslogd called sync() instead of fsync() because Linux then didn't have fsync(). The new "-s X" flag sets the kernel logging level. I usually run syslogd with -m15 -s4. Incidentally, I don't think that a separate process which just reads /dev/kmsg and passes things off to syslogd is a good idea. 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MGQ_NZIPX?PM^3.%7;R.-E6U2">1O+#K85M17Y]!`0QH``N`6W'.UR%G%SU+F MS(%4]4EVGQHI@QO$W#YV&E1=\2R_TFMRWI:C6Q&\(4PS]A,;8H8<]V$UW&'WV M7"YV6`9EHOA>4WU*ZE`'46EE8]^`K M%AWP[]CY8S";C(?,_9&I8E[2$?[]*)0GF&5NN7PDGQ[\7/8')GE+`.[+DU=H M`.2/L;@MG];8^U!(?L(R,E.Q!,R1WM0('%*4`9'?%L,(Z7)45R[G M.Y<[6.7Y:([7`368W_%+K8[B+3LD-]PZ'Y(N"G[XIA?=3YU:$F]51 5TVOT&.&8]>4>QU+_!6Z#%?Y.<0`` ` end -- The place of justice is a hallowed place. -- Francis Bacon -- Matthias Urlichs \ XLink-POP Nürnberg | EMail: urlichs@smurf.sub.org Schleiermacherstraße 12 \ Unix+Linux+Mac | Phone: ...please use email. 90491 Nürnberg (Germany) \ Consulting+Networking+Programming+etc'ing 42 ------------------------------ From: urlichs@smurf.sub.org (Matthias Urlichs) Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.admin Subject: Re: Berkeley Fast Filesystem Date: 19 Nov 1993 17:23:38 +0100 In comp.os.linux.development, article <2c1796$gt8@gaia.ucs.orst.edu>, jacobsd@heart.cor.epa.gov writes: > > The single fragmented block can contain 2, 4, or 8 fragments. The file > could be 42k long, but that assumes there is a fragmented block around > with 2k worth of free fragments (or zero so we make a new fragmented > block). Efficiency suffers, but that's the whole point of fragmented > blocks to begin with -- trade off efficiency of time versus space. I > don't really like the idea of having to do my own buffering to get the > best performance however. > One good idea, which unfortunately seems to be a bit difficult to integrate into today's Linux, is to delay block allocation until you have to write you buffers to disk. I.e., you know that the block should go to this file on that disk, but you don't know where, and you don't care until bdflush() or sync() comes along and actually schedules the write. At that time you can grab a hopefully-contiguous bunch of disk blocks for the file / files, and update the directory. Added benefit: If the file disappears, the block can be dropped. > This doesn't mean that I agree that BSD FFS is the best to shoot for, > however. Keep up the discussion -- I'd like to see more filesystem > innovations get tried on the smaller systems (Linux, *BSD) where we can > look at them, instead of only reading someone's paper about their one- > shot implementation. 100% agreement here. FFS is especially interesting for portability reasons. Oh yes, one problem: the partitioning issue. Since *BSD uses their own partition layout, hiding many file systems in one "real" partition (or on the whole disk), the current in-kernel way to identify and cache inodes by their inode and device numbers doesn't work any more. I think the Xenix file system has the same problem. This is fixable most easily by using indirection through the superblock. The kernel sources on the Yggdrasil CD-ROM already have appropriate patches; I don't know what Linus' plans are here but I'd like to see that change in the "standard" kernel. -- I didn't know it was impossible when I did it. -- Matthias Urlichs \ XLink-POP Nürnberg | EMail: urlichs@smurf.sub.org Schleiermacherstraße 12 \ Unix+Linux+Mac | Phone: ...please use email. 90491 Nürnberg (Germany) \ Consulting+Networking+Programming+etc'ing 42 ------------------------------ From: badger@phylo.life.uiuc.edu (Jonathan Badger) Crossposted-To: comp.infosystems.www,comp.windows.x,comp.windows.x.i386unix,comp.windows.x.motif,gnu.misc.discuss,comp.sources.d Subject: Re: Don't use Motif for free sw: it now requires runtime royalties! Date: 21 Nov 93 17:58:00 GMT mjr@syl.dl.nec.com (Matt Ranney) writes: >Well I happen to *like* the Motif look and feel. I don't use mwm, but >I like to use Motif apps. I think using the Athena widgets would take >away much of the slickness of Mosaic for X. Motif is the standard. >We just need a free implementation of that standard. Er, haven't people seen Athena 3D? Set the background to dark blue, as I do, and you can make a program with Athena Widgets look just like Motif. (I'm writing this from a copy of Seyon running under Linux, and the buttons are 3D and "push in" when pressed. ------------------------------ ** FOR YOUR REFERENCE ** The service address, to which questions about the list itself and requests to be added to or deleted from it should be directed, is: Internet: Linux-Development-Request@NEWS-DIGESTS.MIT.EDU You can send mail to the entire list (and comp.os.linux.development) via: Internet: Linux-Development@NEWS-DIGESTS.MIT.EDU Linux may be obtained via one of these FTP sites: nic.funet.fi pub/OS/Linux tsx-11.mit.edu pub/linux sunsite.unc.edu pub/Linux End of Linux-Development Digest ******************************