From: Digestifier To: Linux-Admin@senator-bedfellow.mit.edu Reply-To: Linux-Admin@senator-bedfellow.mit.edu Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 02:32:41 EST Subject: Linux-Admin Digest #139 Linux-Admin Digest #139, Volume #1 Thu, 4 Nov 93 02:32:41 EST Contents: Re: How-to make a 5 1/4 Boot-/RootDisk (Jaroslaw Knap,MAE Graduate Student) Re: SYSV init? (Christoph Rimek) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- From: knap@sun.com (Jaroslaw Knap,MAE Graduate Student) Subject: Re: How-to make a 5 1/4 Boot-/RootDisk Reply-To: knap@sun.com Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 22:09:09 GMT Moze Ci sie przydac. To o tym jak zrobic boot-disk. Jarek In article 66@winx03.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de, phar006@wrzx12.rz.uni-wuerzburg.de (Thomas Heiling) writes: > > >HOW-TO make a Rescue-Disk with two 5 1/4 Floppies > >By Thomas Heiling > >Email heiling@wrzv01.rz.uni-wuerzburg.de > >Here is my proposal for all those in Net-world, who want >a Rescue-Disk, because the SLS-Boot Disk ( as in the >version for the 5 1/4 Disk comes with an old Kernel and >- this is the main problem - an old libc). > >The biggest Problem is *SPACE* therefore the following ! > >What You need : > - Two (MS-DOS) formatted 5 1/4 disks > - A Kernel-Image, usually /vmlinuz or /zImage > - A copy of rdev, singleinit, agetty, (optional ksh) > - Eventually the util-etc-2.1 Package, if you > have no recent mount or the above files > >Therefore the ( I hope ) easiest way is the following : >1. Make a Directory TMP which holds all the temporary files > eg mkdir /usr/tmp/tmp > >2. Copy your Kernel-Image to TMP > >3. Modify your Kernel-Image > - to boot from your Floppy > /etc/rdev TMP/vmlinuz /dev/fd0 > - to boot the Kernel Read-Only > /etc/rootflags TMP/vmlinuz /dev/fd0 1 > - to boot with a RAMDISK with kkk KB ( eg. 1200 KB ) > /etc/ramsize TMP/vmlinuz 1200 > - optional: boot with asking for the videomode > /etc/vidmode TMP/vmlinuz 3 > >4. Make the Boot-Floppy > Put a formatted floppy in your 5 1/4 Drive > dd if=TMP/vmlinuz of=/dev/fd0 bs=16k > >If you don't have /etc/rootflags,/etc/ramsize and/or /etc/vidmode >-> These are only symlinks to /etc/rdev >You can make them with > ln -sf /etc/rdev /etc/rootflags > ln -sf /etc/rdev /etc/ramsize > ln -sf /etc/rdev /etc/vidmode > >Now you have a bootable Floppy, but no Filesystem. > >/* > >The other method to obtain a bootable Floppy with LILO >is a little bit complex. Only a hint : >- Make a fs on the floppy >- Mount the floppy on (eg) /mnt >- Make the directories /mnt/etc and /mnt/etc/lilo >- cd to /mnt/etc/lilo >- edit the file /mnt/etc/lilo/config as shown > > boot = /dev/fd0 > install = /etc/lilo/boot.b > delay = 100 > compact > image = /vmlinuz > label = LX > root = /dev/fd0 > read-only >- Test the LILO installation > /etc/lilo/install -r /mnt -v -v -t >- Make the installation > /etc/lilo/install -r /mnt -v -v > >*/ > >5. Take the Boot-Floppy out of the Floppy-Drive and > label it. > >6. Put a new formatted Disk in the Floppy-Drive > >7. Make a Filesystem on it > ( I would propose a MINIX-Filesystem, because an EXT-2 FS > needs extra space for the lost+found directory ) > /etc/mkfs.minix -c -n30 /dev/fd0 1200 > >8. Mount the new Filesystem on /mnt > mount -t minix /dev/fd0 /mnt > >9. Change to /mnt and make directories > cd /mnt > mkdir bin dev etc lib proc tmp usr user > >10. Absolutely necessary files in /mnt/bin are > cp gzip login mkdir mv passwd rm sh > (I have used the PD-Kornshell as sh, and the > normal passwd not the shadow passwd ) > Copy these files to /mnt/bin > >12. The next directory is /mnt/dev > ChangeDir to it and copy your /dev/MAKEDEV to it > /* If you have no such File you must make the > devices per hand with mknod */ > Make the Standard Devices,Hard Disks, Floppy Disks > Terminals and all Devices for your Setup. > > BEWARE!! In my MAKEDEV Script are the /dev/ram with a > major 1 and minor 0. THIS IS IMHO WRONG !! > It should be major 1 and minor 1. > If this is the case do a "rm -f ram", > "mknod -m 660 ram b 1 1" and "chown root.disk ram" > >13. Absolutely necessary files in /mnt/etc > >adjtime getty* mkfs.ext2* profile* shells umount* >brc group mkfs.minix* psdatabase shutdown* update* >fsck.ext2* init* mkfs.xiafs* rc swapon* utmp >fsck.minix* inittab motd rc.local sync* wtmp >fsck.xiafs* issue mount* rdev* termcap >fstab lilo/ passwd securetty tune2fs* > > >You may skip the mkfs.* and fsck.* files, if your kernel can't >recognize this Filesystem. > >14. If you are using LILO on your Hardrive add a > directory /mnt/etc/lilo with these files: > > any_d.b, boot.b, bootargs, bootsave, chain.b, config, disktab, > install@, install.lilo*, lilo*, map, mkck*, os2_d.b > >15. Copy your /libc-so.4.4.? and /lib/libm.so.4.4.? to /mnt/lib > cp /lib/libc.so.4.4.4 /mnt/libc.so.4.4.4 > cp /lib/libm.so.4.4.4 /mnt/libm.so.4.4.4 > >16. Make symbolic links to lib[cm].so.4 > BEWARE!!! You *must* be in /mnt/lib > > ln -sf libc.so.4.4.4 libc.so.4 > ln -sf libm.so.4.4.4 libm.so.4 > >17. Now look how much Space is left on the device > df > >18. Copy your Keymap to /mnt/tmp/keys.map and > compress it with gzip -9 > >19. Copy necessary Files to a temporary Directory on > your Harddrive. Compress it with gzip -9. > I have done it with these Files : > >awk*, chmod*, clock*, ctrlaltdel*, date*, df*, dmesg*, >domainname*, doshell*, du*, env*, fdformat*, fdisk*, >fdprm*, frag*, free*, hostname*, ipcrm*, ipcs*, joe*, >joerc*, kbdrate*, keys.map*, kill*, killall*, ldd*, ln*, >loadkeys*, ls*, makehole*, mkswap*, more*, newgrp*, ps*, >rdev*, sed*, setfdprm*, setserial*, setterm*, top*, >uname*, vi*, w*, wall*, write* > >20. Move the compressed Files to /mnt/tmp > ( As long as Space permits it ) > >Now you have a full FileSystem, but you have to >edit the scripts in /mnt/etc: > >21. You have to edit these Files in /mnt/etc > adjtime, brc, fstab, group, inittab, issue, motd, > passwd, profile*, rc, rc.local, securetty, shells, > >I will give you my setup for every File : >See it in the Addendum A > >22. As a last step you must edit the root Init Files > These are .profile and .kshrc ( Remember ? I use > the ksh as sh. As usually because of space ... ) > See it in Addendum B > >23. You are finished !!! > Try it out ... > /* Boot with your Boot-Floppy,after the Kernel-Request > to enter the ROOT-DISK put your Root-Disk in the > floppy-drive and watch for error messages */ > > >P.S. >The whole Thing started, because i wanted to "tune2fs" my >machine at work. OK, No Problem - i thought. Simple boot >the SLS-Disk, copy the tune2fs to it and that's all. >But..., Wrong Library Version ... > >After 2 days hack with one Disk, LILO and the EXT2-FS, >i gave up. >There is not enough Space on a 5 1/4 disk... >( I *don't* want learn ed, i need vi or joe ! > And i hate the US-Chars on my German-Keyboard ) > >Then i tried it with TCX/UNTCX, but after some time >i thought it's overkill. I must have space to expand >the files and the only way is to do it via a RAMDISK. >And if i must have a RAMDISK, i don't need TCX, because >i can unpack all file to it when i modify my Startup >scripts. >Much later ( in the night ... ) i tried it again with >one Disk, but the Kernel Image needs to much space, >therefore i maked it in the described way. >If anyone can show me another way to do it, i would >say much thanks. > >Ideas,Flames and critics to heiling@wrzv01.rz.uni-wuerzburg.de > > >Addendum A : Here is a list of all setup file in /mnt/etc >*** adjtime *** >0.0 0 0.0 > >*** brc *** >#!/bin/sh ># ># /etc/brc.. This script gets run just before the system is down. ># >PATH=/bin:/etc:/usr/bin >/bin/killall -KILL >echo Unmounting file systems..... >/etc/umount -a >echo Done. > >*** fstab *** ># /etc/fstab ># static file system information, see fstab(5) > >/dev/fd0 / minix defaults >none /proc proc defaults > >*** group *** >root::0:root >other::1: >bin::2:root,bin,daemon >sys::3:root,bin,sys,adm >adm::4:root,adm,daemon >uucp::5:uucp >users::6: >mail::7:root >info::8:root,adm,info >wheel::10:root >daemon::12:root,daemon >floppy::13:root >cron::16: >tty::17:tty >lp::18:lp >disk::19:root,adm >mem::20:root >kmem::21: >sysadmin::23:sysadmin >shadow::49:root >group::50: > >*** inittab *** ># Format: ># ttyline:termcap-entry:getty-command >tty1:con80x25:/etc/getty 9600 tty1 >tty2:con80x25:/etc/getty 9600 tty2 >tty3:con80x25:/etc/getty 9600 tty3 >tty4:con80x25:/etc/getty 9600 tty4 ># tty5:con80x60:/etc/getty 9600 tty5 ># ttys1:dumb:/etc/getty 9600 tty64 ># tty65:dumb:/etc/getty -m -t60 2400 tty65 > >*** issue *** > >Welcome to Linux ! > >*** motd *** > > |^^^^^^| _____________________ > | | / \ > | | | Welcome to emperor. | > | (o)(o) | | > @ _) | A public access Linux | > | ,___| ,,| system. | > | / ..'' | | > /____\ \_____________________/ > > >*** passwd /* No Password for root,uucp and sync !! */ *** >root::0:0::/:/bin/sh >daemon:x:1:1::/etc: >bin:x:2:2::/bin: >adm:x:4:4::/: >uucp::5:5::/usr/uucp: >sync::255:0:::/bin/sync > >*** profile *** ># commands common to all logins >PATH="/etc:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:." >TERM=console >PS1='$ ' >PS2='> ' >alias rm='rm -i' >alias md=mkdir >alias rd=rmdir >alias ll='ls -l' >alias ls='ls -F' >alias cp='cp -i' >alias mv='mv -i' >alias which='type -path' >alias m1d='mount -t msdos /dev/fd1 /user' >alias m0d='mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /user' >alias u0='umount /dev/fd0' >alias u1='umount /dev/fd1' >alias lf0d="mf0d; ls -s /user; uf0" >alias lf1d="mf1d; ls -s /user; uf1" >ignoreeof=10 >DISPLAY=":0" >export PATH DISPLAY TERM PS1 PS2 ignoreeof >export XDVIFONTS=/usr/local/lib/tex/fonts/cm/%f.%p >umask 022 > >*** rc *** ># /etc/rc ># ># These commands are executed at boot time by init(8). ># User customization should go in /etc/rc.local. > >PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc > ># fsck disks if system crashed > >if [ -f /fastboot ] >then > echo Skipping fsck >else > echo "Starting fsck" > /etc/fsck.minix -a /dev/fd0 > # If there was a failure, drop into single-user mode. > # NOTE: This is not secure. If security is needed, make sure than > # /etc/securesinlge exists and "reboot single". simipleinit > # will then prompt for root's password. > if [ $? -gt 1 ] > then > echo "Warning: fsck FAILED" > echo " Starting single user shell" > echo " Fix filesystem and REBOOT" > /bin/sh -si < /dev/console > /dev/console 2>&1 > fi >fi > ># Remount the root filesystem in read-write mode >echo "Remounting the ROOT Filesystem!" >/etc/mount -n -o remount /dev/fd0 / > ># start the update(8) sync demon >/etc/update & > ># remove /etc/mtab* so that mount will create it with a root entry >/bin/rm -f /etc/nologin /fastboot /etc/mtab* > ># mount file systems in fstab (and create an entry for /) ># but not NFS because TCP/IP is not yet configured >/etc/mount -avt nonfs > ># remove stale locks (must be done after mount -a!) >/bin/rm -f /usr/spool/locks/* /usr/spool/uucp/LCK* > ># remove /etc/utmp and touch it >rm -f /etc/utmp /etc/wtmp >echo -n > /etc/utmp >echo -n > /etc/wtmp > ># enable swapping >/etc/swapon -a > ># start up cron if it exists >if [ -f /usr/etc/crond ]; then > /usr/etc/crond >fi > ># do any local stuff >/bin/sh /etc/rc.local > >exit 0 > >*** rc.local *** ># /etc/rc.local ># ># This file is executed after /etc/rc and consist of local customizations. > >#This is a hack ... > >mkfs.minix -c -n30 /dev/ram 2400 >if [ $? -gt 1 ] >then > echo "Warning: mkfs failed" > /bin/sh < /dev/console > /dev/console 2>&1 >fi > >/etc/mount -t minix /dev/ram /usr >mkdir /usr/bin >mkdir /usr/tmp >export TMPDIR='/usr/tmp' >cp /tmp/*.gz /usr/bin/ >mkdir /usr/lib >mv /usr/bin/joerc.gz /usr/lib >gzip -dv /usr/lib/joerc >gzip -dv /usr/bin/* > ># update clock >clock -a > ># Set your hostname >hostname linux > ># enable screen blanking >setterm -term console -foreground black -background white \ > -store -blank 10 -clear rest > /dev/tty1 >setterm -term console -foreground white -background blue \ > -store -clear all > /dev/tty2 >setterm -term console -foreground blue -background cyan \ > -store -clear all > /dev/tty3 >setterm -term console -foreground cyan -background blue \ > -store -clear all > /dev/tty4 > ># set the modem speed to 57600 when 38400 is selected ># setserial /dev/modem spd_hi > ># make keyboard repeat rate reasonable >kbdrate -r 24 -d 250 > >if [ -f /etc/rc.net ] >then > /etc/rc.net > # now we can safely mount our NFS filesystems, if any > mount -avt nfs >fi > >#Load the German Keymap >loadkeys /usr/bin/keys.map > >*** securetty *** >tty1 >tty2 >tty3 >tty4 > >*** shells *** >/bin/sh >/bin/bash >/bin/csh >/bin/ksh >/bin/tcsh >/bin/rc >/bin/zsh > > >Addendum B: >Here are my .kshrc and .profile >*** .profile *** >HOSTNAME=`hostname` >PS1='$HOSTNAME[!]$PWD> ' >PS2='rest?> ' >export HOSTNAME PS1 PS2 > >CDPATH=:$HOME >ENV=$HOME/.kshrc >FCEDIT=/usr/bin/vi >HISTFILE=$HOME/.ksh_history >export HISTSIZE=25 >#export HZ=100 >MAIL=/usr/spool/mail/$USER >PATH=/etc:$HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11 >VISUAL=/usr/bin/vi > >umask 022 >#trap clear 0 >export CDPATH ENV FCEDIT HISTFILE >export SHELL VISUAL >export TERM MAIL PATH > >And here is my .kshrc >*** .kshrc *** >#!/bin/ksh >#ksh environment setup > >if [ xx$HOSTNAME = xx ] >then > HOSTNAME=`hostname` > export HOSTNAME >fi > >alias rm='rm -i' >alias md=mkdir >alias rd=rmdir >alias ll='ls -l' >alias ls='ls -F' >alias cp='cp -i' >alias mv='mv -i' >alias which='type -path' >alias m1d='mount -t msdos /dev/fd1 /user' >alias m0d='mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /user' >alias u0='umount /dev/fd0' >alias u1='umount /dev/fd1' >alias lf0d="mf0d; ls -s /user; uf0" >alias lf1d="mf1d; ls -s /user; uf1" >alias m=more >alias h='fc -l' >alias al=alias >alias bye=exit >alias rmv=/bin/rm >alias lc='ls -C' > >#stty erase \^h susp \^z kill \^u intr \^? >set -o trackall -o ignoreeof -o monitor > >set -o emacs >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^I'=complete >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^A'=beginning-of-line >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^[['=prefix-2 >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^XA'=up-history >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^XB'=down-history >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^XC'=forward-char >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^XD'=backward-char >/dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^P'=up-history > /dev/null 2>/dev/null >bind '^N'=down-history >/dev/null 2>/dev/null > >Addendum C : Here is a complete List of My Files > >total 18 >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 1024 Nov 1 22:53 ../ >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1088 Nov 2 00:22 .kshrc >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 406 Nov 2 00:16 .profile >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 512 Nov 1 23:16 bin/ >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2304 Nov 1 23:54 dev/ >drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1248 Nov 2 00:57 etc/ >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 192 Nov 1 23:14 lib/ >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 2 00:13 mnt/ >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 1 23:09 proc/ >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1504 Nov 2 00:26 tmp/ >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 1 23:09 user/ >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 1 23:09 usr/ > >bin: >total 201 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 512 Nov 1 23:16 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 12080 Nov 1 23:09 cp* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 15792 Nov 1 23:21 ed* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 46084 Nov 1 23:09 gzip* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 8156 Nov 1 23:09 login* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4104 Nov 1 23:09 mkdir* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 6724 Nov 1 23:09 mv* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 5100 Nov 1 23:09 passwd* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 5056 Nov 1 23:09 rm* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 91140 Nov 1 23:09 sh* > >dev: >total 15 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2304 Nov 1 23:54 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ >-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9723 Nov 1 23:49 MAKEDEV* >crw--w--w- 1 root tty 4, 1 Nov 1 23:52 console >brw-r----- 1 root floppy 2, 0 Nov 1 12:00 fd0 >brw-r----- 1 root floppy 2, 1 Nov 1 12:00 fd1 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 0 Nov 1 12:00 hda >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 1 Nov 1 12:00 hda1 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 2 Nov 1 12:01 hda2 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 3 Nov 1 12:01 hda3 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 4 Nov 1 12:01 hda4 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 5 Nov 1 12:01 hda5 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 6 Nov 1 12:01 hda6 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 7 Nov 1 12:01 hda7 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 8 Nov 1 12:01 hda8 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 64 Nov 1 12:01 hdb >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 65 Nov 1 12:01 hdb1 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 66 Nov 1 12:01 hdb2 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 67 Nov 1 12:01 hdb3 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 68 Nov 1 12:01 hdb4 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 69 Nov 1 12:01 hdb5 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 70 Nov 1 12:01 hdb6 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 71 Nov 1 12:01 hdb7 >brw-r----- 1 root disk 3, 72 Nov 1 12:01 hdb8 >crw-r----- 1 root mem 1, 2 Nov 1 11:59 kmem >crw-r----- 1 root daemon 6, 0 Nov 1 12:01 lp0 >crw-r----- 1 root daemon 6, 1 Nov 1 12:01 lp1 >crw-r----- 1 root daemon 6, 2 Nov 1 12:01 lp2 >crw-rw---- 1 root mem 1, 1 Nov 1 11:59 mem >crw-rw-rw- 1 root mem 1, 3 Nov 1 11:59 null >crw-rw---- 1 root mem 1, 4 Nov 1 11:59 port >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 128 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp0 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 129 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp1 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 130 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp2 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 131 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp3 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 132 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp4 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 133 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp5 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 134 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp6 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 135 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp7 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 136 Nov 1 12:03 ptyp8 >brw-rw---- 1 root disk 1, 1 Nov 1 23:55 ram >crw-rw-rw- 1 root tty 5, 0 Nov 1 11:59 tty >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 0 Nov 1 19:55 tty0 >crw--w--w- 1 root other 4, 1 Nov 2 00:48 tty1 >crw--w--w- 1 root root 4, 2 Nov 2 00:53 tty2 >crw--w--w- 1 root root 4, 3 Nov 2 00:48 tty3 >crw--w--w- 1 root root 4, 4 Nov 2 00:48 tty4 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 5 Nov 1 19:55 tty5 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 6 Nov 1 19:55 tty6 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 7 Nov 1 19:55 tty7 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 8 Nov 1 19:55 tty8 >crw-r--r-- 1 root tty 4, 64 Nov 1 12:04 ttyS0 >crw-r--r-- 1 root tty 4, 65 Nov 1 12:04 ttyS1 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 192 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp0 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 193 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp1 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 194 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp2 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 195 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp3 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 196 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp4 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 197 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp5 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 198 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp6 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 199 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp7 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 200 Nov 1 12:03 ttyp8 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 240 Nov 1 12:03 ttys0 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 241 Nov 1 12:03 ttys1 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 242 Nov 1 12:03 ttys2 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 243 Nov 1 12:03 ttys3 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 244 Nov 1 12:03 ttys4 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 245 Nov 1 12:03 ttys5 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 246 Nov 1 12:03 ttys6 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 247 Nov 1 12:03 ttys7 >crw------- 1 root tty 4, 248 Nov 1 12:03 ttys8 >crw-rw-rw- 1 root mem 1, 5 Nov 1 11:59 zero > >etc: >total 280 >drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1248 Nov 2 00:57 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 28 Nov 2 00:48 adjtime >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 183 Nov 2 00:07 brc >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 37892 Nov 1 23:10 fsck.ext2* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 11356 Nov 1 23:15 fsck.minix* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 21508 Nov 1 23:16 fsck.xiafs* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 115 Nov 2 02:16 fstab >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 8564 Nov 1 23:10 getty* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 327 Nov 1 23:10 group >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 6232 Nov 1 23:10 init* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 335 Nov 1 23:10 inittab >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Nov 1 23:10 issue >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 800 Nov 1 23:35 lilo/ >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 21508 Nov 1 23:10 mkfs.ext2* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 8988 Nov 1 23:15 mkfs.minix* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 17412 Nov 1 23:16 mkfs.xiafs* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 374 Nov 1 23:10 motd >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 9660 Nov 1 23:10 mount* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 118 Nov 1 23:10 passwd >-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 586 Nov 1 23:10 profile* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 52912 Nov 1 23:33 psdatabase >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1552 Nov 2 00:34 rc >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1221 Nov 2 00:09 rc.local >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 5724 Nov 1 23:15 rdev* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21 Nov 1 23:10 securetty >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 63 Nov 1 23:10 shells >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 6424 Nov 1 23:10 shutdown* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3992 Nov 1 23:10 swapon* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3104 Nov 1 23:10 sync* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3434 Nov 1 23:10 termcap >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 13316 Nov 1 23:15 tune2fs* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 7328 Nov 1 23:10 umount* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3212 Nov 1 23:10 update* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 2 00:57 utmp >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 2 00:57 wtmp > >etc/lilo: >total 69 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 800 Nov 1 23:35 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1248 Nov 2 00:57 ../ >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 192 Nov 1 23:34 any_d.b >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2984 Nov 1 23:34 boot.b >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Nov 1 23:34 bootargs >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 512 Nov 1 23:34 bootsave >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 84 Nov 1 23:34 chain.b >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 120 Nov 1 23:34 config >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 169 Nov 1 23:34 config.orig >-rw------- 1 root root 358 Nov 1 23:34 disktab >lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Nov 1 23:35 install -> lilo* >-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 41 Nov 1 23:34 install.lilo* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 46084 Nov 1 23:34 lilo* >-rw------- 1 root root 4608 Nov 1 23:34 map >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 419 Nov 1 23:34 mkck* >-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 140 Nov 1 23:34 os2_d.b > >lib: >total 724 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 192 Nov 1 23:14 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ >lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Nov 1 23:13 libc.so.4 -> libc.so.4.4.2* >-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 623620 Nov 1 23:13 libc.so.4.4.2* >lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Nov 1 23:14 libm.so.4 -> libm.so.4.4.2* >-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 107524 Nov 1 23:13 libm.so.4.4.2* > >mnt: >total 2 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 2 00:13 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ > >proc: >total 2 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 1 23:09 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ > >tmp: >total 315 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1504 Nov 2 00:26 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 46998 Nov 2 00:28 awk.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3046 Nov 1 23:10 chmod.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3223 Nov 1 23:22 clock.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2076 Nov 1 23:22 ctrlaltdel.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 7171 Nov 2 00:14 date.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2853 Nov 2 00:14 df.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2002 Nov 1 23:22 dmesg.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2023 Nov 1 23:21 domainname.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1953 Nov 1 23:22 doshell.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3099 Nov 2 00:14 du.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1393 Nov 2 00:14 env.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2610 Nov 1 23:22 fdformat.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 9953 Nov 1 23:22 fdisk.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 526 Nov 1 23:22 fdprm.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2951 Nov 1 23:22 frag.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2284 Nov 2 00:14 free.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2022 Nov 1 23:21 hostname.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2102 Nov 1 23:22 ipcrm.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 5251 Nov 1 23:22 ipcs.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 22349 Nov 1 23:10 joe.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3129 Nov 1 23:32 joerc.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2367 Nov 1 23:22 kbdrate.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1966 Nov 1 23:10 keys.map.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2434 Nov 1 23:21 kill.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3247 Nov 2 00:06 killall.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2257 Nov 1 23:21 ldd.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3174 Nov 1 23:40 ln.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 10431 Nov 1 23:10 loadkeys.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 6903 Nov 2 00:04 ls.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2604 Nov 1 23:22 makehole.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2649 Nov 1 23:22 mkswap.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 9768 Nov 1 23:21 more.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2133 Nov 1 23:21 newgrp.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 6633 Nov 1 23:34 ps.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3242 Nov 1 23:22 rdev.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 18380 Nov 2 00:26 sed.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2703 Nov 1 23:22 setfdprm.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4611 Nov 1 23:22 setserial.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 5445 Nov 1 23:21 setterm.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 7869 Nov 2 00:05 top.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1393 Nov 2 00:08 uname.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 43740 Nov 1 23:23 vi.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 6283 Nov 1 23:34 w.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3396 Nov 1 23:21 wall.gz* >-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 3378 Nov 1 23:21 write.gz* > >user: >total 2 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 1 23:09 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ > >usr: >total 2 >drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 64 Nov 1 23:09 ./ >drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 448 Nov 2 00:58 ../ > > > > > > > > --- ================================================================================ Jaroslaw Knap Arizona State University Tempe, AZ phone: (602) 965 3604 Internet: knap@enuxsa.eas.asu.edu ================================================================================ ------------------------------ Date: 03 Nov 1993 20:47:00 +0100 From: chrimek@rimki.toppoint.de (Christoph Rimek) Subject: Re: SYSV init? Reply-To: chrimek@tpki.toppoint.de Hello gareth@gblinux.demon.co.uk wrote on 31.10.93: > On Sun, 31 Oct 1993 02:59:37 GMT; > ----PERUCCI, PHILIP A. (SSB1PZP@imcvms.med.navy.mil) said: > > > >How do I tell if I am running SYSV init or Poe's "simpleinit"? > > > Read the MAN page. SysV init has lots of nice options like CTRL-ALT-DEL > handling... Yes, it's wonderful in this respect. I have chosen to assign a simple sync to the CAD-combination: ... ctrlaltdel::/bin/sync ... No user can cause any trouble when playing in the well-known DOS-manner. The only drawback I have to admit: even the system admin cannot escape. -cr -- Christoph Rimek, Kiel, Germany chrimek@toppoint.de phone: +49 431 18307 (voice) Zer: CHRIMEK@KRISKI ------------------------------ ** FOR YOUR REFERENCE ** The service address, to which questions about the list itself and requests to be added to or deleted from it should be directed, is: Internet: Linux-Admin-Request@NEWS-DIGESTS.MIT.EDU You can send mail to the entire list (and comp.os.linux.admin) via: Internet: Linux-Admin@NEWS-DIGESTS.MIT.EDU Linux may be obtained via one of these FTP sites: nic.funet.fi pub/OS/Linux tsx-11.mit.edu pub/linux sunsite.unc.edu pub/Linux End of Linux-Admin Digest ******************************